Pattern Of Contraceptive Usage Research Articles

Pattern of contraceptive use among reproductive-aged women with disabilities in Bangladesh: Evidence from multiple indicator cluster survey 2019

BackgroundContraception is crucial for reproductive-aged women with disabilities, empowering them to manage reproductive choices and enhancing overall health, autonomy, and well-being. ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the usage patterns of contraceptive methods among reproductive-aged women with disabilities in Bangladesh. MethodsWe analyzed data from 47,465 reproductive-aged women from the 2019 Bangladesh Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. Outcome variables included contraceptive usage patterns, grouped into any contraceptive methods, any modern contraceptive methods, and any traditional contraceptive methods. The primary explanatory variable considered was disabilities level (women with no disabilities, women with moderate disabilities, and women with severe disabilities), along with types of disabilities. A multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model was used to assess associations between outcomes and explanatory variables while accounting for confounding. ResultsThe prevalence of any contraceptive methods use was 66.4 %, declining to 54 % among women with severe disabilities. The odd of modern contraception use was 31 % lower (aOR, 0.69, 95 % CI, 0.65–0.73) among women with moderate disabilities and 47 % lower (aOR, 0.53, 95 % CI, 0.47–0.60) among those with severe disabilities, compared to women with no disabilities. Within the individual domains of disabilities, those with vision, walking, cognitive, and self-care-related disabilities reported lower odds of modern contraception uptake than those with no disabilities. ConclusionsThe study highlights that women with disabilities use contraceptives less often, increasing vulnerability to unintended and short interval pregnancies and unsafe abortion. Strengthening family planning and prioritizing women with disabilities for modern contraceptives are vital.

Prevalence of contraceptive practices and its associated factors among women in an urban slum area of North India: An observational study

: Contraceptive prevalence rate serves as a proxy measure of access to reproductive health services. It is an indicator of health, population, development and women’s empowerment. : To determine the prevalence and pattern of contraceptive usage and also the factors affecting among the married women of reproductive age in an urban field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine, JNU Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur; Rajasthan.: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in urban field practice area of JNU medical college, Rajasthan among women aged 15-49 years with calculated sample size of 402. A predesigned and pretested semi-structured questionnaire was used and data was collected with interview technique. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic details, reproductive history and current contraceptive usage. Data was entered in Ms Excel, analyzed using SPPS v.22 and represented in tables and figures. Chi square test was used to show the association and p-value <0.005 was considered statistically significant. : Currently 50.47% of the women were not using any contraceptive method. Maximum usage was of male condom 36.26%. Majority of the participants stated as it was husband’s disapproval (31.28%) for current non-usage of any contraceptive. Socio-economic status was not significantly associated with the contraceptive use.: In our study, male condom was the most common temporary contraceptive used. Misconception and fear of side effects related to the contraceptive usage was a major reason for non-utilization of contraceptives.

Assessment of Contraceptive Usage Patterns and Associated Factors among Women in Bangladesh: A Hospital-Based Observational Study

Background: The use of contraceptives is crucial in managing family size, improving maternal health, and enhancing socio-economic development. Despite progress in promoting contraceptive use, challenges persist in countries like Bangladesh, where socio-cultural dynamics can affect the uptake and usage patterns. This study aimed to assess contraceptive usage patterns and associated factors among women attending a hospital in Bangladesh. Material & Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at the Outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Holy Family Red Crescent Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from January 2021 to December 2022. The study included 150 women of reproductive age (18-45 years) who visited the hospital for gynecological problems or regular check-ups. Data was collected through structured interviews using validated questionnaires assessing knowledge and usage of contraceptive methods. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Results: Among the participants, 66.00% reported regular contraceptive use, 10.67% reported irregular usage, and 23.33% stated they were not using contraception. Oral contraceptive pills were the most common method (43.48%). There was a significant association between contraceptive usage patterns and education level, age group, marital status, and number of children. In contrast, residence did not significantly associate with contraceptive practice. Conclusion: Despite high awareness levels, there exists a gap between knowledge and consistent contraceptive use. Education level, age, marital status, and number of children significantly influence contraceptive usage patterns. This study highlights the importance of integrating these socio-demographic factors in the planning and implementation of family planning policies to promote effective contraceptive use in Bangladesh. Future research should investigate the reasons behind irregular or non-use of contraceptives among informed women and devise strategies to bridge the knowledge-practice gap.

KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF VARIOUS CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS AMONG WOMEN IN AN URBAN AREA OF SHIMLA, NORTH INDIA

Uncontrolled population growth is a global concern. Adoption of family planning is crucial to limiting the unsustainable growth of the population. This exponential growth of the population puts a large stress on the finite resources worldwide. The magnitude of the burden is further increased in developing and underdeveloped countries where there is a paucity of resources. With majority of population in India in reproductive age group, adoption of family planning methods will not only play an important role in stabilizing the population but will also significantly contribute to the reduction of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. We did the study to determine the prevalence and pattern of contraceptive usage in women attending our OPD in an urban hospital in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh.

Prevalence and pattern of contraceptive use and unmet need among women of reproductive age in urban Mysuru

BackgroundUncontrolled population growth is an ongoing global concern. Rapid population growth contributes not only to the incidence of poverty but also to the transmission of poverty across generations. Adoption of family planning is crucial to limiting the unsustainable growth of the population. Although family planning services are offered free of cost, the acceptance of contraceptive methods shows wide regional variations. ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence and pattern of contraceptive usage and to determine the magnitude of unmet need among the married women of reproductive age in an urban area of Mysuru. Material and methodsA community based Cross-Sectional study was carried out among 457 married women in the reproductive age group. House to house survey was conducted and data was collected by interview method using a pre-tested, semi-structured proforma after obtaining informed consent. Data was coded and entered into MS Excel 2016 and analysed. ResultsThe prevalence of contraceptive use was found to be 55.1%. The most common contraceptive used was the terminal method of tubectomy. Male Condom was the most common temporary method of contraception used. The unmet need for contraception was found to be 18.16% with an 8.06% unmet need for spacing and a 10.6% unmet need for limiting. ConclusionContraceptive prevalence was 55.1% with 18.16% unmet need for contraception. Misapprehension and fear of side effects was a major reason for non-utilization of contraceptives. Routine Family Planning counselling and peer discussions will go a long way in dispelling the myths associated with family planning.

Contraceptive usage patterns among residents of Shivamoggaslums-cross sectional study

Background Slums are home to an estimated 828 million people representing around one third of the worldrsquos urban population. Health is a major economic issue for slum residents. India is urbanizing rapidly and along with this the slum population is also increasing. As per census 2011 data the total urban population of India is around 377.1 million with drastic increase of about 91 million over the last decade.Objectives To know the contraceptives usage pattern among residents of Shivamogga slums.Methodology A list of all slums and the number of households therein was collected from City Municipal Corporation Shivamogga. A list of slums with the minimum of 50 households was made and 10 slums were selected by simple random sampling all the households in the selected slums was included in the study. Quantitative data were collected from the households of selected slums after taking informed consent using a pretested semi-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire contained items to collect socio-demographic details and the family planning methods they adopted. Locked houses in the first visit were revisited and those houses which were found to be locked in the second visit were excluded from the study. Data analysis was done using measures of central tendency standard deviation proportions. SPSS software was used for data entry and analysis.Results Among 854 households studied it was found that 73385.8 of the households had eligible couple and they were asked about the contraceptive method being used. About 36.2 of them were not using any form of contraceptivesConclusion There is a need for health education regarding family planning among residents of slums. So the programmes should focus more on people who are underprivileged.

Patterns of contraceptive usage at family planning clinics in Ilorin, Nigeria

This study was carried out to evaluate the pattern of contraceptive usage in family planning clinics of public hospitals within Ilorin metropolis, Nigeria. It was a retrospective study carried out between January 2010 and December 2012 involving a total of 10,002 contraceptive users attended family planning clinics in the centers within this period. Over a half of the clients (56.6%) were within the age bracket of 30-39 years, and 1.4% were less than 20 years. Majority (79.8%) of the users had two or more children while 0.9% were nulliparas. The most preferred contraceptive method was the hormonal injectable (59.5%); the percentage of users of oral contraceptive pills was 9.6% and utilization of the male condoms was 6.9%. The user rate for intrauterine contraceptive device was 17.3% while it was 6.6% for hormonal implant. Surgical sterilization was utilized by 0.1%. The commonest source of information was from healthcare personnel accounting for 41.9% followed by the mass media (21.6%). There was a low level of acceptance amongst teenagers; the level of acceptance of surgical sterilization methods was also low. There is need to improve on information dissemination regarding contraceptive use, via the internet and social media for teenagers who tend to be more internet-savvy. The number and age of clients were statistically significant factors for patterns of contraceptive usage at various family planning clinics in Ilorin metropolis.Bangladesh Med J. 2015 Sep; 44 (3): 140-145

Long-acting reversible contraception for adolescents and young adults – A cross-sectional study of women and general practitioners in Oslo, Norway

Objectives To investigate awareness and use of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) in the Norwegian primary care sector.Methods We surveyed 359 women aged 16 to 23 years visiting a free sexual health clinic and 140 general practitioners (GPs) in Oslo, Norway, to assess contraceptive usage patterns, knowledge, opinions, and counselling content.Results Eighty-two percent (n = 295) of the female respondents were current contraceptive users and of this group, 12% (n = 34) were LARC users. Combined oral contraceptives (COCs, 56%) and condoms (20%) were the methods most commonly used. Apart from those two, the women considered themselves insufficiently knowledgeable about other family planning modalities. Knowledge was an independent predictor of current LARC use (p < 0.001). Approximately 35% of GPs often discussed LARC methods when counselling but, due to a lack of implant insertion training, only a few frequently discussed implants during counselling (odds ratio [OR]: 0.12; p = 0.013). The main determinant for not mentioning intrauterine devices and the intrauterine system during counselling was nulliparity (OR: 0.2; p = 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively).Conclusion LARC use is low among 16 to 23-year-olds in Oslo, Norway. These young women need better contraceptive counselling. Dispelling misconceptions and improved provider training could encourage GPs to cover LARCs when giving contraceptive guidance.

Characteristics of patients presenting with complications of abortion in a tertiary health facility in south-west Nigeria

AbstractObjectives: Abortion is associated with significant healthproblem with short- and long-term complications that affect the quality of life of those who are fortunate enough to escape mortality. This study evaluated the population of patients with complications of abortion, identified the abortion providers and the pattern of contraceptive usage in these patients managed in our hospital, and suggests strategies on the required heath intervention.Design: The design was a descriptive study of cases of abortions with complications.Setting and subjects: We reviewed all (225) cases of abortions with complications managed at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria, over a five-year period.Outcome measures: Records of patients managed for abortion-related complications were retrieved, data were extracted and analysis was carried out for socio-demographic factors and other abortion-related characteristics.Results: The study showed a more common occurrence of abortions amo...

Do I practice what I preach? Contraception use in North American medical students

Evaluation of: Rowen TS, Smith JF, Eisenberg ML et al. Contraceptive usage patterns in North American medical students. Contraception 83(5), 459–465 (2011).Contraception in medical students has not been well studied. Furthermore, the relationship between student knowledge and comfort in discussing sexuality with patients and personal choices of contraception has not been explored. A cross-sectional survey of nearly 2300 North American medical students attempted to define contraceptive usage and identify characteristics of effective use. In total, 71% of men and 76% of women were using at least one form of contraception, with condoms being the most popular method, followed by oral contraceptive pills. Female medical students were more likely to be using some form of birth control when compared with the general population. Decreased rates of contraception use were found in black and Asian students, students not in relationships and in female respondents with more sexual dysfunction. Students who felt comfor...

Contraceptive usage patterns in North American medical students

Background Previous studies indicate that the sexual beliefs and mores of students in medical professions may influence their capacity to care for patients' sexuality and contraception issues. Students also represent a large sample of reproductive-age individuals. In this study, we examined contraceptive usage patterns in North American medical students. Study Design Students using online medical student social and information networks enrolled in allopathic and osteopathic medical schools in North America between February and July of 2008 were invited to participate via email and published announcements in an Internet-based survey consisting of a questionnaire that assessed ethnodemographic factors, year in school and sexual history. We also collected information about current use of contraceptive and barrier methods. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were utilized to analyze responses. Results Among our 2269 complete responses, at least one form of contraception was being utilized by 71% of men and 76% of women. Condoms were the most popular form of contraceptive, utilized by 1011 respondents (50% of men and 40% of women). Oral contraceptive pills were the contraceptive of choice for 34% of men and 41% of women. Decreased rates of contraception use were associated with being black or Asian, not being in a relationship and having more sexual dysfunction in female respondents. Students who reported comfort discussing sexual issues with patients were more likely to use effective contraceptive methods themselves. Ten percent of this of sexually active medical students was not currently using contraception. Conclusions There are significant differences in contraceptive use based on demographics, even at the highest education levels. The personal contraception choices of medical students may influence their ability to accurately convey information about contraception to their patients. In addition, medical students may personally benefit from improved knowledge of effective contraceptive practices.

Have the AIDS campaigns changed the pattern of contraceptive usage among adolescents?

In 1984--just before the extensive public information about prevention of HIV infection by the use of the condom (the AIDS campaigns)--personal interviews about sexual experiences and use of contraception were obtained in random samples of 16-20 year old Danes. The investigation was repeated in 1989 addressing the issue of whether the behavior of adolescents regarding sexual intercourse and use of contraception has changed. In 1984 in all 286 females (respondent rate = 75.3%) and 336 males (respondent rate = 77.8%) agreed to be interviewed. The second investigation in 1989 involved new cohorts of 16-20 year olds and here 359 females (respondent rate = 77.9%) and 400 males (respondent rate = 76.3%) participated. In 1984 approximately 20% and in 1989 approximately 10% reported no use of contraception at first sexual intercourse. In both investigations oral contraception (OC) and condom were by far the predominant methods mentioned. In 1984 38.1% of females and 34.4% of males used OC and 37.2% of females and 42.1% of males employed condom. In 1989 26.7% of females and 30.8% of males used OC and 64.8% of females and 62.1% of males employed condom. No sex difference in the distribution of the various contraceptive methods could be revealed. From 1984 to 1989 the prevalence of condom increased significantly. In the first investigation 15.9% of sexually experienced females reported no present use of contraception. The most frequently used device was OC (62.7%). The second investigation collected information about contraception employed at the most recent sexual intercourse from both females and males. Approximately 5% of both sexes mentioned no use of contraception.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Religious Affiliation and Contraceptive Usage: Changing American Patterns, 1955-82

This paper presents national estimates of contraceptive usage patterns among white women from 1955-82 for the major religious populations in the United States. Drawing on several surveys, the data show that in 1955 differences in contraceptive use between white Protestants and Catholics were very large and corresponded to the higher fertility levels among Catholics. By 1982, all the major religious groups had experienced downward changes in expected family size and all used effective contraceptive methods, including sterilization, the pill, and the IUD. Despite some convergence in the patterns of contraceptive usage over time, significant differences in contraceptive use styles remain among Catholics, Protestants, Jews, and those of no religious affiliation after multivariate controls eliminated socioeconomic and sociodemographic differences among these subpopulations. The evidence points to the multiple contraceptive paths to similar levels of low fertility. A series of hypotheses are proposed to account for these different contraceptive use styles that relate to religious communities, peer pressure and social norms, differential sex roles, male-female communication patterns, and the differential use of physician-based versus other sources of contraceptives.

Salpingitis: Overview of etiology and epidemiology

Current views of the etiology of salpingitis are widely divergent, partly because of epidemiologic and clinical differences in various studies. Of all genital pathogens, Neisseria gonorrhoeae has been the best documented as a cause of salpingitis, yet even the role of gonococci in salpingitis has been controversial. The proportion of salpingitis cases attributable to N. gonorrhoeae has been influenced by contraceptive usage patterns and by the racial composition of the population studied. Gonococcal strains also may vary in propensity to cause salpingitis. For example, among white women we have found that Arg−Hyx−Ura− strains accounted for 32 (42%) of 76 isolates associated with salpingitis vs. 38 (72%) of 53 associated with uncomplicated gonorrhea (p = 0.0001). There is little doubt Chlamydia trachomatis also causes salpingitis, although the role of chlamydiae is uncertain in culture-negative patients who have high serum antibody titers against this agent. Other organisms, including facultative pathogens, such as coliforms, Haemophilus influenzae, groups B and D streptococci, and Mycoplasma hominis, and anaerobes, such as peptococci, peptostreptococci, and Bacteroides species, often have been implicated, particularly in recurrent or severe salpingitis or in intrauterine device-associated cases, usually but not always in the absence of gonococcal infection. Comprehensive microbiologic study of tuboperitoneal specimens obtained at laparoscopy or laparotomy must be combined with comprehensive serologic studies in patients with salpingitis who are well characterized clinically and epidemiologically in order to resolve which organisms are involved, in what combination, and in which type of patient.

Current trends in contraception.

Contraceptive trends for the Palatine Centre the largest family planning clinic in the Manchester area are analyzed for 1975-1978 and indicate a clear trend away from the pill (from 83% to 73%) with a corresponding move towards the IUD (6% to 9%); cap (5% to 8%); and condom (3% to 5%). The age-grouping of 1st-visit patients each year shows a fairly constant distribution with a small decrease from 21% to 17% in patients under 20 seeking contraceptive advice. The significant movement away from the pill among women under 35 suggests that the effect of adverse publicity on the pattern of contraceptive usage is considerable. In addition the decrease in the number of women under 20 asking for contraceptive advice is disturbing and more use of the media for health education and for more readily available and acceptable contraceptive advice for these younger women should be considered.