Continuous Professional Training Research Articles

Managerial tools used for the prevention of adverse events in Intensive Care Units

Patient safety in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) is a critical priority due to the complexity of care and the high risk of adverse events (AEs). Objective: This study aimed to identify the managerial tools used for the prevention of AEs in ICUs through an integrative literature review. Method: Searches were conducted in the Scielo, Virtual Health Library (VHL), and PubMed databases using descriptors such as "Patient Safety," "Intensive Care Unit," "Near Miss," "Adverse Events," "Reporting," "Nursing," and "Safety Culture." Inclusion criteria considered full-text articles available in English and Portuguese, while duplicate articles and those that did not directly address the prevention of AEs and patient safety in ICUs were excluded. Data analysis was performed using narrative synthesis, assisted by the Rayyan software. Managerial tools identified included the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC), the Global Trigger Tool (GTT), the Neonatal Trigger Tool, the U.S. Paediatric Trigger Tool, the Nursing Activities Score (NAS), and the Brazilian Nursing Work Index-Revised (B-NWI-R), all adapted for use in Brazil. These tools aim to prevent AEs and promote patient safety in ICUs. Results:The results highlight the need to strengthen the safety culture and invest in the continuous training of healthcare professionals. Conclusion:The implementation of a broad and continuous safety culture with investments in permanent education can reduce the occurrence of AEs and improve the quality of care in ICUs.

The Role of Accountant Competencies in Improving Financial Statement Quality in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs): A Case Study Analysis

This study investigates the role of accountant competencies in enhancing the quality of financial statements within small and medium enterprises (SMEs), using a qualitative case study approach. Given the unique challenges that SMEs face, such as limited resources and varying levels of financial expertise, the competencies of accountants are critical for producing accurate, reliable, and relevant financial information. Through in-depth interviews with accountants and SME owners, this research explores how skills such as financial reporting knowledge, regulatory compliance, ethical standards, and analytical ability contribute to the preparation of high-quality financial statements. The findings reveal that accountants with a comprehensive understanding of financial principles and adherence to ethical practices can significantly reduce errors, increase transparency, and improve financial decision-making within SMEs. Additionally, the study highlights that continuous professional development and training in regulatory updates are essential for maintaining high competency levels among accountants in SMEs. This research underscores the importance of building accountant competencies to support sustainable growth and financial stability in SMEs. The insights gained from this study provide practical recommendations for SME owners, accounting professionals, and policymakers to prioritize skill development and professional standards in the accounting practices of SMEs, contributing to broader economic resilience and growth.

A IMPORTÂNCIA DA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE (APS) NA PROMOÇÃO DA SAÚDE COLETIVA

The research aimed to analyze the importance of Primary Health Care (PHC) in the promotion of collective health in Brazil, highlighting its contributions, challenges and potentialities within the context of the Unified Health System (SUS). The methodology used was a bibliographic research, which involved the review of articles, books and official documents on PHC and public health. The results showed that PHC, by prioritizing prevention, health promotion, and universal and equitable access to care, plays a crucial role in improving the health conditions of the population, especially the most vulnerable. In addition, PHC contributes to the reduction of social inequalities and to the integration of care between the different levels of the SUS. However, the survey also revealed significant challenges, such as lack of resources, regional inequality in access to services, and a shortage of professionals in some areas, which still limit the effectiveness of PHC in some regions of the country. The conclusion indicated that, although there are obstacles to be overcome, PHC has enormous potential to transform the health model, promoting a fairer and more efficient system, especially when there are adequate investments, continuous training of professionals, and strengthening of public health policies. The survey reinforces the importance of continuing to improve PHC to achieve a more inclusive and equitable health system.

RECOMMENDATIONS ON THE ORGANIZATION OF CARE IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN PRISONS

The research aims to develop recommendations for the organization of care in primary health care in prisons. An integrative review was used, which covered 267 articles in databases such as SciELO, PubMed and LILACS, resulting in the final selection of 12 studies. The research included articles published between 2019 and 2024, with some texts from previous years due to their methodological relevance. The main findings highlight the importance of intersectorality, continuous training of professionals and gender-sensitive health policies. Challenges include the precariousness of working conditions and the need to adapt the PNAISP to better serve different groups, especially women. The conclusion stated that the organization of health care in primary care in prisons requires an integrated and intersectoral approach, based on evidence and solid public policies. The work emphasizes the importance of humanized practices and collaboration between health and justice to ensure equity in access to health for the population deprived of liberty (PDL).

AMAZONIA AMAPAENSE AND SCHOOL INCLUSION: CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVES OF STUDENTS TARGET AUDIENCE OF SPECIAL EDUCATION IN FULL-TIME SCHOOLS

This study investigated the implementation of school inclusion policies for students who are the target audience for special education in full-time schools in the Amazon region of Amapá, highlighting the main facilitators and barriers in this process. The research method is based on documentary research of primary sources, in a qualitative approach, focusing on public policies available at the State Department of Education (SEED) of Amapá. The data sources for this study included various documents, such as Pedagogical Plans, reports on specialized educational services (AEE), guidelines and public policies implemented by SEED-AP, as well as reports and questionnaires available at the management of implementation of full-time schools of SEED-AP. Data collection involved three stages: identification of documents on inclusion in full-time schools, access through requests and public platforms, and qualitative and quantitative analysis with descriptive statistics to summarize the information. The results indicate that, despite advances in public policies, the implementation of school inclusion faces significant challenges, such as the lack of adequate infrastructure, the shortage of trained professionals, and the absence of formal diagnoses of architectural barriers. Furthermore, the inequality in the distribution of resources accentuates regional disparities, limiting access to inclusive education in more isolated areas. It is concluded that, in order to achieve full and effective inclusion, it is necessary to strengthen the continuous training of professionals, improve school infrastructure and promote an equitable distribution of resources. The research suggests replicating effective inclusive practices identified in outstanding schools in the region.

The Endogenous Motivation and Cultivation Strategies for Rural Teachers' Professional Development from the Perspective of Social Support Theory

Based on social support theory, this paper aims to explore the sources of endogenous motivation for rural teachers' professional development and the cultivation strategies. Due to the influence of factors such as the urban-rural dual structure and the specific geographical environment of rural areas, rural teachers often face the challenges of lack of resources and isolation. Social support can provide emotional support, information help and resource support, thereby enhancing the endogenous motivation for professional development. On this basis, this paper proposes a series of cultivation strategies for rural teachers, including providing institutional guarantees for the professional development of rural teachers, establishing a platform for rural teachers' cooperation and co-construction, providing continuous professional development training, and establishing a supportive education community network, so as to improve the endogenous motivation of rural teachers.

Implementation of Human Resource Management at SMAIT Al-Fityan School Gowa, Gowa Regency

This study aims to analyze the planning, implementation, and supervision of Human Resource Management (HRM) at SMAIT Al-Fityan School Gowa, Gowa Regency. A qualitative approach with phenomenological methods is used to collect data through interviews, observations, and documentation from related parties. The results of the study show that MSDM planning involves several stages, such as recruitment through meetings, distribution of pamphlets, file collection, interviews, probationary periods, and announcements. The selection is carried out in two stages: administration and interview. Orientation lasts from a probationary period to basic and advanced training for six months. The placement of educators is adjusted to their expertise in teaching, communicating, mastering technology, and management. Training and development are divided into general and religious training. The implementation of MSDM in this school runs systematically and structured, especially in recruitment, selection, orientation, placement, as well as training and development of educators. Supervision is carried out by school principals, directors, education offices, and international supervisors (intertek). The implication of this study is the importance of more attention from the foundation, especially on continuous professional training and development, to improve competence and innovation in teaching methods. Thus, educators can increase competence, job satisfaction, and better career development opportunities

Characterization of X-ray Beams: Determination of K\(_{a,e}\) for Comparison with DRLs

Aims: The aim of this experimental study was to quantify the entrance surface air kerma (Ka,e) of X-ray beams in radiographic examinations, and the obtained values were compared with national and international Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs). Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Franciscan University (UFN), between June 2023 and August 2024. Methodology: Initially, the main quality control (QC) tests were applied to characterize the radiographic equipment. During the evaluation of the X-ray beam, a dosimetric set was used, and for the same QC geometry, Air Kerma Rate (KAIR) measurements were obtained to determine the output of the X-ray tube. Under the same conditions, a phantom without water and the same filled with water were used to determine the backscatter factor (BSF), which was then used to estimate the Ka,e for the main radiographic examinations. Results: The results of this study are consistent with other studies and identified the region/anatomy with the highest radiation exposure, highlighting the importance of its optimization and verifying that continued professional training should be integrated into best practices to ensure greater safety in procedures. The results obtained evidence the necessity for adjustments in image acquisition protocols, as the Ka,e values found in this study, although within the limits established by the national DRLs, exceed the reference values of countries such as the United Kingdom and Japan in the areas of the skull, abdomen, and lumbar spine. This discrepancy highlights the importance of the periodic review and update of DRLs, in accordance with international recommendations and the technological evolution of equipment. Dose optimization is an ongoing process that involves the evaluation of image quality, the appropriate selection of technical parameters, and the implementation of specific dose protocols. The continuous training of radiology professionals is essential to ensure the correct application of imaging techniques and the minimization of patient exposure to ionizing radiation. Conclusion: This study shows the importance of evaluating radiation dose in diagnostic imaging and the need for a multidisciplinary approach to dose optimization. Implementing quality assurance programs, updating DRLs, and providing ongoing training for professionals are essential to ensure patient safety and high-quality diagnostic imaging. The methodology adopted in this study can contribute to the ongoing education of radiology professionals, promoting the correct application of imaging techniques and reducing patient exposure to ionizing radiation.

Generative AI Applications in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction: Trends, Implications for Practice, Education & Imperatives for Upskilling—A Review

This study investigates the current landscape of generative AI and LLM applications in architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC), focusing on trends, practical implications, educational strategies, and imperatives for upskilling. Employing a six-stage systematic review sourced from Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science, 120 papers were analyzed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of these technologies in shaping the future of the AEC industry. By addressing these objectives, the research contributes to enhancing knowledge about the potential impacts of generative AI and LLMs on the AEC industry and provides insights into strategies for leveraging these technologies effectively. This study underscores the transformative impact of AI and advanced technologies on the AEC sector and education. By enhancing learning experiences and optimizing construction processes, AI fosters personalized education and efficient project management. The study’s significance lies in its identification of necessary skills and competencies for professionals, ensuring effective AI integration. Implications include the need for continuous professional development, formal education, and practical training to leverage AI’s potential fully. This paves the way for sustainable, intelligent infrastructure and accessible, adaptive learning environments, driving innovation and efficiency in both fields.

The role of the coach developer in the development of sports coaches’ competencies

Background: The paper focuses on the continuous professional development of sports coaches, and the role of informal education and coach developers. Special attention is devoted here to the coach training and development system in Poland. The paper aims to indicate the need for strong support for both informal coach education and the important role of coach developers in professional coach development in Poland and worldwide. Methods: We performed an analysis of secondary data on the system of sports training and continued professional development in Poland. Primary research data on Polish Olympic and Paralympic national team coaches (13 sports), their qualifications, competencies, and views on their continued professional development were also used. The study covered 103 coaches in Olympic or Paralympic sports. The national team coaches surveyed also conducted a self-assessment of their professional development needs, opportunities, and challenges. The method of balance of competencies based on data documenting the stock of knowledge, experience, and social competencies acquired in the learning process of the surveyed coaches was applied. Results: It was found that after completing their formal education, the coaches declared participation in various types of continuous professional development courses and training, while the most valued forms of continued professional development included informal learning, and sharing experiences and good practices with other coaches. Conclusions: The data supports the need to educate more sport coach developers and introduce them to the professional coach development system to guide coaches and facilitate their knowledge and competence acquisition.

The contribution of Tanzania library association in enhancing the librarianship profession: Views from the under 40-year-Olds - a quantitative study

This study assessed the contribution of the Tanzania Library Association in Enhancing the Librarianship Profession: Views from Under 40-Year-Olds librarians were gathered. The study adopted a quantitative approach with a case study design. Thirty-six respondents purposively selected from the Tanzania Librarian Forum and the Tanzania Library Association were involved in this study. Data were collected through a questionnaire created using a Google form. The questionnaire was shared with respondents and remained active for 2 weeks to allow them to fill it in. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Service Solutions (SPSS) Version 23 computer programme. The study found that 47.2% of participants were very familiar with TLA, which suggests that a substantial portion of the participants strongly understand the Tanzania Library and Information Association (TLA) and its objectives. Regarding the perceived contribution of TLA in advancing professional development opportunities for librarians under 40, results demonstrated that a majority, comprising 24 respondents (66.7%), agreed that TLA indeed fosters such opportunities. Furthermore, 41.7% reported that TLA enhances networking platforms for librarians under 40. However, another 30.6% said that TLA was essential in addressing the ever-evolving needs and issues faced by librarians under 40. Professional associations are vital for the career development of their members, and TLA is not left behind. From the findings, the study recommends that TLA continues to foster development in its members by utilising different strategies like preparation and conducting continuous professional training courses for its members and the library profession at large, publicity among different institutions within and outside the country and forging links with other international information professional associations.

Effective Teaching for Classroom Management Workshop: The Ghanaian Teachers’ Perspectives and Evaluation

The paper is about teachers’ reflection on and evaluation of continuous professional training and development. It is a qualitative survey, grounded in narrative inquiry framework of educational research with the assumptions that humans are social storytelling organisms. With a convenient sampling technique, 619 responses were received from 778 participants. Adopting a participant-centred mode of teaching, participants evaluated the workshop in their own words. With a human cognition of thinking, learning, and understanding, comments were classified into Bloom’s (1956) three learning domains of cognitive, affective, and skills combined with Perry & Booth’s (2021) concept of evaluating facilitators and workshop organizations and Kirkpatrick’s (1998) four levels of evaluation. Participants insisted that this workshop be extended to other schools to build the required foundation for students. They mentioned also that their exposures to contemporary instructional strategies meet the globally acceptable standards and are challenged as 21st century teachers. Participants maintained that they would go back to the classroom with different mind-sets to include learners during lesson planning.

Uncovering relationships between formal and informal learning: unveiling the mediating role of basic need satisfaction and challenge-seeking behavior

Purpose Most of the current literature investigates workplace-based formal and informal learning separately; thus, the relationship between these two types of learning remains unclear. This study aims to fill this research gap, drawing on self-determination theory to bridge teachers’ formal and informal learning and uncover the relationship between the two. Design/methodology/approach The participants of the study are 1,886 primary and secondary in-service teachers in China. Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping are used to test the proposed model. Findings The study reveals complicated influencing mechanisms of formal learning on different types of informal learning among in-service teachers. Teachers’ basic psychological needs, satisfaction and challenge-seeking behavior are found to play crucial mediating roles in this process. Practical implications First, this study suggests that different configurations of intervention strategies should be formulated depending on the foci for improving teachers’ learning. Second, this study indicates that only highlighting the importance of reflection, which is the approach currently used, is not sufficient to improve teachers’ daily reflective practice. Third, there is an urgent need to design training programs to improve teachers’ abilities to purposefully expand their job boundaries, which could not only benefit teachers’ performance but also contribute to school improvement. For policymakers and school principals, we suggest that more attention be given to the satisfaction of teachers’ basic needs. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature on workplace learning by connecting formal and informal learning and elucidating how teachers’ reported formal learning influences their informal learning activities via varied paths. The findings have implications for continuous professional development policy and training programs in the workplace.

Tanggungjawab Terhadap Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar di Madrasah

This research aims to examine the responsibility for implementing the independent learning curriculum in educational units in madrasah. This research is research that uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in this research using literature studies originating from books, articles and journals that discuss the independent learning curriculum theory. The results of this research show that the Independent Curriculum is an educational concept that provides teachers with greater freedom and autonomy in designing and implementing learning. The Merdeka Curriculum frees teachers from a curriculum that is too rigid and provides flexibility in determining teaching methods, lesson materials and assessments. Learning is carried out in accordance with the diversity of students, the development of talents and interests, and the needs of students. The role and responsibilities of the madrasa head is the main supporter in making policies within the smallest scope, namely the madrasa. Teachers play an important role in implementing the Independent Curriculum in achieving madrasah goals. Teachers are a key factor in implementing the curriculum and providing meaningful learning experiences for students, therefore, there is a need for continuous professional training and development so that teachers have a deep understanding of the curriculum, effective learning methods, and the ability to manage the classroom well.

Academic Essay On Equitable Access To Mental Health Services In Brazil

Equitable access to mental health services in Brazil faces complex and interconnected challenges. Among the main issues are regional inequalities, socioeconomic barriers, and the stigma associated with mental disorders. Regional inequality results in significant differences in the quality and availability of mental health services between urban and rural areas. While large cities such as São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro have advanced infrastructure and qualified professionals, rural areas and urban outskirts suffer from a lack of resources and professionals, limiting access to necessary care. Socioeconomic barriers also play a crucial role. Low-income populations face additional difficulties, such as lack of transportation and inadequate health insurance, which restrict access to mental health services. The lack of information and the stigmatization of mental disorders worsen the situation, discouraging individuals from seeking treatment due to fear of discrimination and prejudice. To address these challenges, it is essential to adopt integrated strategies. Expanding mental health infrastructure in underserved areas and creating integrated care networks are fundamental. Public policies should reduce socioeconomic inequalities by providing financial support and improving transportation. Awareness campaigns about mental health can overcome informational barriers and stigma. Continuous training of health professionals and community participation are also crucial to ensure inclusive and locally adapted care. With a coordinated effort, it is possible to promote more just and comprehensive access to mental health services in Brazil.

Supporting learners with autism spectrum disorders in Lesotho primary schools: Challenges and possible solutions

Supporting learners with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in schools is one of the vital responsibilities of teachers. This paper focused on exploring the challenges encountered by teachers in fulfilling their role of supporting learners with ASD within mainstream primary school settings in Lesotho and designing strategies that can overcome these challenges. This qualitative study draws on a purposive sample of fourteen participants (two principals, six teachers, and six parents) who have experience working with learners with ASD within two primary schools that practice inclusive education in Lesotho. Data were collected with individual interviews and observations to conduct an in-depth investigation of the study. Thematic results showed that inadequate knowledge in managing the behaviours of learners with ASD, negative attitudes towards learners with ASD, lack of parental involvement, and lack of access to physical, human, and financial resources in primary schools as the significant challenges faced by teachers when supporting learners with ASD in Lesotho regular primary schools. Hence, the paper recommends continuous professional development training workshops and seminars for teachers. Also, there is a need for more autism screening tools and academic resources, as well as effective collaboration among teachers, parents, and professionals to enhance adequate support for learners with ASD in mainstream schools.

Availability of self-care products for sexual and reproductive health provided by community pharmacists in Rwanda: A cross-sectional study

ABSTRACT Access to and use of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services remain a global public health concern, particularly in developing countries. This study aimed to understand the attitudes and perceptions of pharmacists in Rwandan community pharmacies and to assess the availability of sexual and reproductive health products in these pharmacies. In a cross-sectional study conducted in Rwanda from 1 September 2023 to 30 November 2023, registered and licensed pharmacists from 864 community pharmacies were surveyed, employing a quantitative research approach. Systematic sampling was used to collect the data. A chi-square test was conducted for relationships between variables. SRH products for self-care were widely available in Rwandan community pharmacies, ranging from 82.3% to 97.3%, except for ovulation tests (28.4%). Chi-square tests indicated that married pharmacists were more likely to provide educational guidance on SRH products (χ 2 = 8.81, P-value = 0.012). Community pharmacists had positive attitudes and self-reported confidence in dispensing and providing education to pharmacy-based SRH users. The Rwandan community pharmacies had extensive availability of SRH products for self-care use. Pharmacists in these pharmacies had positive attitudes and self-reported confidence in dispensing and guiding the community on SRH products. Continuous professional training is recommended to enhance the quality and standards of SRH.

Usability evaluation of electronic health records at the trauma and emergency directorates at the Komfo Anokye teaching hospital in the Ashanti region of Ghana

BackgroundElectronic health records (EHRs) are currently gaining popularity in emerging economies because they provide options for exchanging patient data, increasing operational efficiency, and improving patient outcomes. This study examines how service providers at Ghana's Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital adopt and use an electronic health records (EHRs) system. The emphasis is on identifying factors impacting adoption and the problems that healthcare personnel encounter in efficiently using the EHRs system.MethodA quantitative cross-sectional technique was utilised to collect data from 234 trauma and emergency department staff members via standardised questionnaires. The participants were selected using the purposive sampling method. The Pearson Chi-square Test was used to examine the relationship between respondents' acceptability and use of EHRs.ResultsThe study discovered that a sizable number of respondents (86.8%) embraced and actively used the EHRs system. However, other issues were noted, including insufficient system training and malfunctions (35.9%), power outages (18.8%), privacy concerns (9.4%), and insufficient maintenance (4.7%). The respondents' comfortability in using the electronic health record system (X2=11.30, p=0.001), system dependability (X2=30.74, p=0.0001), and EHR's ability to reduce patient waiting time (X2=14.39, p=0.0001) were all strongly associated with their degree of satisfaction with the system. Furthermore, respondents who said elects increase patient care (X2= 75.59, p = 0.0001) and income creation (X2= 8.48, p = 0.004), which is related to the acceptability of the electronic health records system.ConclusionThe study revealed that comfort, reliability, and improved care quality all had an impact on the EHRs system's acceptability and utilization. Challenges, including equipment malfunctions and power outages, were found. Continuous professional training was emphasized as a means of increasing employee confidence, as did the construction of a power backup system to combat disruptions. Patient data privacy was highlighted. In conclusion, this study highlights the relevance of EHRs system adoption and usability in healthcare. While the benefits are obvious, addressing obstacles through training, technical support, and infrastructure improvements is critical for increasing system effectiveness.

Equipping Civil Technology Teachers with Hands-On Skills and Educational Resources for Effective Teaching of Practical Lessons

Continuous professional development for teachers will always be prioritized, especially in cases where there are obvious and conspicuous gaps in their subject-matter expertise and when they handle practical skills exercises with inadequate planning and delivery. Hence, this study explores the effects of equipping Civil Technology teachers with hands-on skills and provision of educational resources for effective teaching of practical lessons. This study purposefully sampled nine (09) Civil Technology teachers from Ekurhuleni East, Gauteng province of South Africa. This study was hinged on Stronge’s qualities of effective teachers as its framework. This study adapted a mixed method design where closed-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were considered relevant data collection instrument and sources. A sequential explanatory design was used to analyze the collected data. The findings reveal that even though teachers get continuous hands-on skills training from the Gauteng Department of Education (GDE) annually, the trainings are often too generic and do not adequately boost teachers with confidence to teach specific skills (i.e., construction and plumbing) to learners. As a result, Civil Technology teachers could not actualize their continuous professional development training as an element of learning to become innovative skills teachers. The survey found that while certain Ekurhuleni East schools have instructional tools, some of the teachers were not trained to use them, which made it difficult to effectively teach practical lessons in Civil Technology. Therefore, this study recommended that the Gauteng Department of Education should focus on discipline specific instructional strategies that will promote innovation in skills-based activities in Civil Technology.

THE INFLUENCE OF EDUCATIONAL SERVICE QUALITY AND SCHOOL IMAGE ON STUDENT SATISFACTION IN PRIVATE HIGH SCHOOL "X" BANDUNG CITY

This study aims to determine the influence of the quality of educational services, student satisfaction, and school image on student satisfaction at Private High School (SMA) "X" Bandung City, West Java. The population in this study is all students in grades X, XI, and XXII totaling 99 students, and 2023 alumni totaling 28 people (a total of 127 respondents). The results of the analysis and discussion were as follows: (1) The quality of education services has a positive and significant influence on the satisfaction of students at private high school with a total influence of 32.0%. (2) In addition, school image also has an important influence on students' satisfaction, which is 36.5%. (3) The school's image has also a significant positive influence on satisfaction with an overall influence of 68.5%, and it is recommended that schools provide continuous professional training and development for teachers to improve knowledge, skills, pedagogy.