Continuous Information Systems Research Articles

Requirements Applying of Six Sigma Methodology to Reduce Productive Wastage at Yemeni Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies: A Field Study

The Study aimed to identify the impact of Requirements Applying of Six Sigma Methodology with its dimensions (Top Management commitment and support, Continuous Improvement, Human Resources, technology and information systems) on Reducing Productive Wastage, the level of Requirements applying it and the Reducing Productive Wastage at Yemeni Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies. To achieve the study objectives, the descriptive analytical method was used and the study population consisted of the workers in Yemeni Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies with a total number of (476) employees. The study questionnaire was distributed on stratified random sample with a total number of (195) employees. By analyzing the data using descriptive analysis methods and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS program, the findings revealed positive impact of Requirements Applying of Six Sigma methodology on the reduction of productive waste in Yemeni Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies, and also that there is a positive impact of the three Applying of Six Sigma Methodology dimensions: Continuous Improvement, information and technology systems and Human Resources on Reducing Productive Wastage, while there was no impact of the top Management commitment and support on Reducing Productive Wastage in Yemeni Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies, due to the variation in the workers awareness level of Requirements Applying of Six Sigma Methodology. The findings also showed that the level of Requirements applying of the six-sigma methodology at Yemeni Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies was high, and the level of Reducing Productive Wastage was high as well in Yemeni Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Companies.

The impact of COVID-19 and access to health services in the Hispanic/Mexican population living in the United States.

The United States is home to 10.5 million undocumented immigrants, of which 5 out of 10 are Mexican or Central American. Their immigration status is an obstacle to secure employment that provides labor benefits such as sick leave and health insurance. Living through the global pandemic in the U.S. had a negative impact on this vulnerable population's mental and physical health. They avoided seeking primary or hospital care fearful that they were undocumented and uninsured. The services provided by the Ventanillas de Salud (VDS) "Health Windows" mitigated this pandemic's negative impact and have become an important source to support and increase access to health services among the immigrant community. De-identified data from a database system called the Continuous Information System and Health Reports of Mexicans in the United States (SICRESAL-MX) to perform this secondary analysis. The descriptive analysis describes socio-demographic, epidemiological, and situational characteristics of COVID-19. Between January 2020 and July 2021, the VDS and UMS provided 11.5 million individual services to just over 4.3 million people. The main health conditions are overweight and obesity, high blood pressure and elevated cholesterol and glucose levels. Between March 2020 to July 2021 a total of 2,481,834 specific services related to COVID-19 were offered. The Mexican migrant community in the United States is in a vulnerable situation, largely due to its immigration status which limits their access to health and human services, including primary health care services. Many of them have suffered from chronic diseases since before the pandemic, generating difficulties in monitoring the ailments and exacerbating their conditions.

Information systems for continuous semi-lattices

We consider two problems on representation theory for domains by information systems. The first problem is how to represent continuous semi-lattices as information systems, and the second one is which subclass of the continuous information systems designed by Spreen et al. for continuous domains can be used to represent bounded complete domains. We solve the first problem by defining a notion of SL-information systems. This is a special case of the continuous information systems. We also discuss the morphism part of SL-information systems, which corresponds to Scott-continuous functions between continuous semi-lattices. Noting that each bounded complete domain is a special continuous semi-lattices, we provide a correct solution to the second problem by properly strengthening the conditions of SL-information systems.

Compactly Completeness and Finitarily Completeness on Continuous Information System

The plane here, introduce and study the concepts of bounded completeness and finitely completeness on continuous information system. Further more compactly completeness, finitarily completeness and strongly compactly completeness for continuous information system. Some interactions between these concepts are investigated. Some corresponding results in posets and domains due to R.Hechmann [5] are generalized.

Generalised information systems capture L-domains

A generalisation of Scott's information systems [15] is presented that captures exactly all L-domains. The global consistency predicate in Scott's definition is relativised in such a way that there is a consistency predicate for each atomic proposition (token) saying which finite sets of such statements express information that is consistent with the given statement.It is shown that the states of such generalised information systems form an L-domain, and that each L-domain can be generated in this way, up to isomorphism. Moreover, the equivalence of the category of generalised information systems with the category of L-domains is derived. In addition, it will be seen that from every generalised information system capturing an algebraic bounded-complete domain a corresponding Scott information system can be obtained in an easy and natural way, and vice versa; similarly for Hoofman's continuous information systems [9] and the continuous bounded-complete domains captured by them; for Chen and Jung's disjunctive propositional logic [4] and algebraic L-domains (as well as for Wang and Li's [21] finitary version and Lawson-compact algebraic L-domains); and for Wang and Li's conjunctive sequent calculi [20] and proper continuous bounded-complete domains. The proofs always contain syntactic translations between the logical calculi involved.

Моделювання термофізіологічного стану людини

This article presents an analysis of mathematical models that can be used to predict the thermophysiological state of man in different environmental conditions in the development of information systems for its life support. The basic element of all considered models is the equation of heat balance. According to this equation, the total heat transfer of the organism must be equal to its heat output. The article considers continuous and discrete-vascular models, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages. Continuous models are, in essence, a simplified notation of biothermal equations. In these models, the effect of blood flow on each individual vessel is neglected, and the blood supply is averaged over the volume studied. Discrete-vascular models are a set of biothermal equations that describe the blood flow in each individual vessel. Discrete-vascular models of the thermophysiological state of man are not very applicable today, due to the complex and insufficiently studied vascular geometry. More common are continuum models, for the construction of which a multi-compartmental approach is used. As a result, the article presents a comparative table of continuous models and information systems that use these models.

Continuous Flight Safety Management Information System for a Group of Converging Aircraft

An algorithm for calculating the collision hazard factors for violating aircraft is given. The calculation results of the hazard factors in maneuvering to prevent dangerous approach and in its absence are compared.

连续值信息系统的不确定性度量

不确定性的度量方法是人工智能研究的重要课题之一，受到国内外专家学者的广泛关注，相关研究成果已经成功的应用于数据挖掘，决策分析，模式识别与人工智能领域中。通过二元关系与熵，对连续值信息系统中的不确定性度量进行了系统研究。基于经典Pawlak粗糙集理论中的近似精度、知识粒度与信息熵，提出了连续值信息系统的粗糙度、知识粒度与知识熵，并对三种度量方式进行了比较分析。三种不确定性度量方式的提出，为连续值信息系统知识约简与表示的研究提供了理论基础。 Approach to uncertainty measures is one of the hottest topics in area of artificial intelligence, which attracts attention from many researchers. Relevant research results have been applied in data mining, decision analysis, pattern recognition and artificial intelligence. In this paper, the uncertainty measures of continuous-valued information systems have been investigated system-atically by using binary relation and entropy. Based on the approximation accuracy, knowledge granulation and information entropy in Pawlak rough set theory, we propose the rough accuracy, knowledge granulation and knowledge entropy in continuous-valued information systems. We also have the comparative study about three measures in the paper. The proposed uncertainty measures for continuous-valued information systems could provide the theoretical foundation for knowledge reduction and representation in continuous information systems.

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS SUBSYSTEM BRAND MANAGEMENT AT THE ENTERPRISE

Urgency of the research. The media market is the most dynamic market. Hence, there is a need for clear identification of one’s products and determination of one’s market standing. This requires studying the range of problems associated with building brands of television channels in the media market. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. Domestic and foreign research workers addressing the issue of building brands, brand management and branding include such persons as D. Aaker [1], A. Bolshakov [2], V. Pertsіya [3], Y. Gordon [4], V. Korolko [5], T. Nilson [6], S. Pogodayev [9], Y. Romanenko [10] and others. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The topicality of this problem in the media market stems from the fact that corporate employees act in this market as images of media brands, TV channels and the entire media holding company. The research objective. The primary research objective is to analyze the specifics of building a brand management subsystem at an enterprise and provide thereon practical recommendations on its successful operation. The statement of basic materials. A brand development management system (hereinafter referred to as BDMS) represents a collection of management entities, objects, tools and techniques, which, while interacting with one another, are intended to build and develop a strong brand [2, p. 203]. A distinction is made among the following main approaches to the concept of brand development management system: - Functional approach; - Entity-object approach; - Tiered approach; and - Territorial approach. It is our opinion that the functional approach is an all-in-one approach to the BDMS concept. The functional approach is one of the main approaches to brand management. Conclusions. So successful operation of the brand management system at an enterprise and successful fulfillment of branding and brand management tasks require a comprehensive approach covering planning, organization and control that are ensured by continuous information system support during all stages. Among the key approaches to the concept of brand development management system, the functional one is the most universal, in that managerial functions are universal and peculiar to any management system at any management level.

빅데이터 환경에서 프로세스 마이닝을 이용한 영업감사 상시 모니터링 강화에 대한 연구

빅데이터 환경 하에서 프로세스 마이닝은 업무수행 시 발생하는 수많은 데이터들을 활용하여 기업의 ERP시스템 상의 이벤트 로그로부터 프로세스의 수행과 개선에 관련한 많은 정보 및 통찰력을 얻게 해준다. 최근에는 프로세스 마이닝의 최대 강점을 활용하여, 기업조직의 감사업무에 적극적으로 활용하려고 하는 다양한 연구 활동이 활발히 진행 중에 있다. 그러나 프로세스 마이닝을 이용한 영업감사 적용에 관한 최근의 국내 연구는 빅데이터 환경 하에서는 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 이러한 상황에 착안해서, 본 연구는 프로세스 마이닝이 감사 분야에 적용된 기존 연구를 한층 더 강화시킴으로써, 온라인 방식 및 전통적 감사에 최적으로 적용할 수 있는 프로세스 마이닝 적용 방안을 제안하고자 한다. 또한 빅데이터 환경하에서 기업 조직의 리스크 발생 요인들을 사전에 모니터링함으로써, 리스크의 조기 발견 및 이를 예방할 수 있는 상시 모니터링 정보 서비스 시스템을 제안한다. 이를 위해서 리스크 요인을 기반으로 데이터들을 추출하고 평가에 대한 관리기준을 설정한다. 본 논문의 연구의 범위는 영업감사에 있어 실제 사례를 통해 위험요소의 사전 검증 시스템을 설계 한다. 그리고 이러한 영업감사 시스템을 통해 예방감사 실현, 높은 리스크 요인들에 대한 상시 대응, 사기 발생 억제, 규칙 및 지침 위반에 대한 적시조치, 경영환경 변화에 대한 감사 아이템 추가 발굴 체계 구축, 프로세스 개선 중심의 사전적인 컨설팅 감사의 실현, 내부통제 회계제도 준수 및 강화를 행한다. 이 결과로 영업 감사 실시간 관련 통합 모니터링이 강화되어 재무 리스크 회피, 감사기간 단축 및 감사 품질 개선 등의 효과가 나타났다. Process mining in big data environment utilize a number of data were generated from the business process. It generates lots of knowledge and insights regarding implementation and improvement of the process through the event log of the company's enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. In recent years, various research activities engaged with the audit work of company organizations are trying actively by using the maximum strength of the mining process. However, domestic studies on applicable sales auditing system for the process mining are insufficient under big data environment. Therefore, we propose process-mining methods that can be optimally applied to online and traditional auditing system. In advance, we propose continuous monitoring information system that can early detect and prevent the risk under the big data environment by monitoring risk factors in the organizations of enterprise. The scope of the research of this paper is to design a pre-verification system for risk factor via practical examples in sales auditing. Furthermore, realizations of preventive audit, continuous monitoring for high risk, reduction of fraud, and timely action for violation of rules are enhanced by proposed sales auditing system. According to the simulation results, avoidance of financial risks, reduction of audit period, and improvement of audit quality are represented.

Re-visiting axioms of information systems

Based on the investigation of the axioms used in the theory of information system, the notion of simplified continuous information system is introduced which is considered as a generalization of continuous information systems. Just like the continuous information system, it is also a concrete representation of continuous domains and categorically equivalent to the category of continuous domains and Scott continuous functions. What is more, all types of information systems studied in the literature so far turn out to be special cases of the new type. By defining linear information systems and their entailment functions, we show that the states of a Scott-style information system are exactly the fixpoints of its entailment function. Some axioms about an entailment relation can be characterized by the properties of the corresponding entailment function, and in particular, the simplified continuous information systems are solely determined by the idempotence of entailment functions.

Climate Information as an Object of Economic Research: State and Perspectives

The availability of decision-oriented information on climate change, specific regional climate impacts and the extent to which different socio-economic systems are affected, as well as the development of continuous information systems, are essential requirements for an effective and efficient adaptation to climate change. The development of such information systems requires climate models and research on ecological, economic and other impacts of climate change. Furthermore, questions regarding institutional economics and information economics arise. The generation and dissemination of such information, the utilization of private competencies, and the conception of value-added chains for providing relevant climate (impact) information constitute questions of deep economic significance. This paper analyses and reflects the current state of research on climate information from an information economics viewpoint. First of all, it shows a conceptual information-economical perspective, to illustrate why and in which ways issues of generating and disseminating climate information pertain to economics, among other fields, and it points to the potentially high value of economic research on these subjects. Beyond this framework, a literature study offers insights on to what extent such economic questions are currently being addressed, and which roles climate information plays within different economic and interdisciplinary research contributions. Based on the conceptual information-economical considerations and on the results of the literature study, research gaps and directions for future economic research on climate information systems are derived.

Information Advantage or Conflicts of Interest?

The German Society of Dermatology welcomes the editorial initiative on the part of Deutsches Arzteblatt to tackle the subject of competing interests in the context of guideline development and to explain this to its readers. It is just a shame that the promising editorial highlighting the problem is followed by an article whose results section is insufficiently thoroughly worked out and whose reporting is biased, on the alleged influence that pharmaceutical companies exert over the guideline authors' therapeutic recommendations, and that, by linking these to accusations of falsification in a context that has nothing to do with the topic. In readers this increases the subjective impression that Germany's doctors are easily manipulated. As representatives from a specialist society that is jointly responsible for guideline development, we see not only that work deemed excellent at the time is being discredited but also that the reputation of renowned colleagues is unjustly being questioned. The article from the Drug Commission of the German Medical Association, with Schott as the first author, which was sponsored by sponsored by the German Medical Assembly (Deutscher Arztetag) in the framework of an initiative to promote health services research (Forderinitiative Versorgungsforschung) of the German Medical Association (Bundesarztekammer), may be a useful journalistic contribution, but as an original scientific article in a journal such as Deutsches Arzteblatt it cannot be accepted without raising objections. In addition to the comments returned by the respective guideline authors, the question remains of the validity of a guideline that has been developed by “well read” authors without any experience in clinical research or critical consulting activities. Especially the latter provides the wherewithal for assessing recent studies as a result of practical dealings with the substances under investigation, and with their potential risk profiles, in the context of a continuous information system on all their side effects. The subject of the current debate is therefore not only the demand for total impartiality but also the fact that valuable expertise in terms of innovative treatments is being dispensed with.

Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Rough Sets Based on Inclusion Measures

In this paper, a new computation formula of interval type-2 fuzzy inclusion measure is proposed on the basis of the axiom definition of interval type-2 fuzzy inclusion measures. Furthermore, we define an interval type-2 fuzzy rough set model on the basis of inclusion measure and study its basic properties. In the end, the attribute reduction of continuous domain decision information system is discussed and the method on appropriate reduction is given. Further,we present calculation steps of the reduction approach by an example and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and efectiveness of the reduction algorithm.

An Algorithm of Computing Attribute Comprehensive Weight in Continuous Domain Information System

An Algorithm of Computing Attribute Comprehensive Weight in Continuous Domain Information System

Moments of non-Gaussian Wigner distributions and a generalized uncertainty principle: I. The single-mode case

The non-negativity of the density operator of a state is faithfully coded in its Wigner distribution, and this coding places on the moments of the Wigner distribution constraints arising from the non-negativity of the density operator. Working in a monomial basis for the algebra of operators on the Hilbert space of a bosonic mode, we formulate these constraints in a canonically covariant form which is both concise and explicit. Since the conventional uncertainty relation is such a constraint on the first and second moments, our result constitutes a generalization of the same to all orders. The structure constants of , in the monomial basis, are shown to be essentially the SU(2) Clebsch–Gordan coefficients. Our results have applications in quantum state reconstruction using optical homodyne tomography and, when generalized to the n-mode case, which will be done in the second part of this work, will have applications also for continuous variable quantum information systems involving non-Gaussian states.

Mining fuzzy rules from quantitative data based on the Variable Precision Rough Set and Rough Fuzzy Set Theories

In this paper, a different approach to extract the threshold value β of Variable Precision Rough Set (VPRS) applied to continuous information systems is presented. This study combines the Fuzzy Set and Rough Fuzzy Set (RFS) theories to determine the β value of VPRS. The β value was determined by the Fuzzy C-means and relevant Fuzzy theories, for the reason that errors of system classification could occur in the fuzzy-clustering phase prior to information classification. In practice, the attributes of the continuous information system were first fuzzed and classified by Fuzzy C-means method, then the maximum of the membership function value was chosen as the cluster forming basis. Finally, the β value of approximate classification was obtained under the VPRS by Implication Relations and Rough Fuzzy Set (RFS) theory. In addition, the influences of Implication Relations of various definitions on the β-lower approximation of VPRS were discussed.

New heuristic method for data discretization based on rough set theory

Data discretization contributes much to the induction of classification rules or trees by machine learning methods. The rough set theory is a valid tool for discretizing continuous information systems. Herein, a new method is proposed to improve those typical rough set based heuristic algorithms for data discretization, by utilizing decision information to reduce the scales of candidate cuts, and by more reasonably measuring cut significance with a new conception of cut selection probability. Simulations demonstrate that compared with other typical discretization algorithms based on the rough set theory, the proposed method is more capable and valid to discretize continuous information systems. It can effectively improve the predictive accuracies of information systems while still conceptually keeping their consistency.

Attribute reduction and optimal decision rules acquisition for continuous valued information systems

For continuous valued information systems, the attribute values of objects for the same attribute represent not only their ordinal relationship but also their relative distances. Therefore, the classical rough set model is not suitable for deducing attribute reductions and optimal decision rules for continuous valued information systems. Though some discretization methods are proposed to transform the continuous valued information systems into discrete ones, but those methods are too categorical and may lead to loss of information in some cases. To solve such information loss problem, we propose a tolerance rough set model in this paper. With a given level, the proposed model can divide a universe into some maximal tolerance classes. Also two types of lower and upper approximations are defined accordingly. Then the reductions of the maximal tolerance class and optimal decision rules based on the proposed attribute descriptors are defined, and the approximate discernibility function for the maximal tolerance class is constructed and used to compute all the corresponding optimal decision rules via using Boolean reasoning techniques. Finally, the general reductions and consistent reductions for continuous valued information systems are discussed.

Application of VPRS model with enhanced threshold parameter selection mechanism to automatic stock market forecasting and portfolio selection

This study proposes a technique based upon Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) classification theory and related fuzzy theories for choosing an appropriate value of the Variable Precision Rough Set (VPRS) threshold parameter ( β) when applied to the classification of continuous information systems. The VPRS model is then combined with a moving Average Autoregressive Exogenous (ARX) prediction model and Grey Systems theory to create an automatic stock market forecasting and portfolio selection mechanism. In the proposed mechanism, financial data are collected automatically every quarter and are input to an ARX prediction model to forecast the future trends of the collected data over the next quarter or half-year period. The forecast data are then reduced using a GM(1, N) model, classified using a FCM clustering algorithm, and then supplied to a VPRS classification module which selects appropriate investment stocks in accordance with a pre-determined set of decision-making rules. Finally, a grey relational analysis technique is employed to weight the selected stocks in such a way as to maximize the rate of return of the stock portfolio. The validity of the proposed approach is demonstrated using electronic stock data extracted from the financial database maintained by the Taiwan Economic Journal (TEJ). The portfolio results obtained using the proposed hybrid model are compared with those obtained using a Rough Set (RS) selection model. The effects of the number of attributes of the RS lower approximation set and VPRS β-lower approximation set on the classification are systematically examined and compared. Overall, the results show that the proposed stock forecasting and stock selection mechanism not only yields a greater number of selected stocks in the β-lower approximation set than in the RS approximation set, but also yields a greater rate of return.