Continuous Development Research Articles

The National Cancer Aid monitoring (NCAM-online) of ultraviolet radiation risk and protection behavior: a population-based observational trend study with four annual online survey waves

BackgroundUltraviolet (UV) radiation is the most important risk factor for skin cancer development. Sunlight is the main source of UV radiation in the general population. In addition, tanning beds are a source of artificial UV radiation. Since the incidence of skin cancer is increasing worldwide, it is necessary to monitor UV-related risk behaviors such as intentional indoor and outdoor tanning, as well as sun protection behavior in the general population and specific subgroups and settings. This is the aim of the National Cancer Aid Monitoring online (NCAM-online), a continuation and further development of the NCAM.MethodsThe NCAM-online is a longitudinal trend study consisting of four annual survey waves. Each year, 4,000 individuals aged 16–65 years living in Germany will be surveyed using online questionnaires. Each year, intentional indoor and outdoor tanning will be assessed. In addition, varying specific topics regarding skin cancer prevention, such as the utilization of skin cancer screening, will be addressed in the questionnaires.DiscussionThe findings of the NCAM-online will provide an important basis for the German Cancer Aid and Working Group on Dermatologic Prevention (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Dermatologische Prävention, ADP) to develop targeted prevention campaigns and projects aimed at preventing skin cancer. The explorative nature of the NCAM-online allows for the identification of new potential starting points for prevention and education. In addition, the longitudinal design allows for a description of the trend in the prevalence of intentional tanning. For tanning bed use, representative trend data from 2012 are available for Germany, to which NCAM-online will add annual data until 2027.

School of ecological selection of academician of the Russian academy of sciences V.F. Pivovarova

The article outlines the main milestones in the formation of the scientific school of Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Viktor Fedorovich Pivovarov – a talented organizer of scientific research on vegetable growing, a leading scientist in the field of ecology, introduction, selection and seed production of vegetable crops, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, laureate of the State Prize and Government Prizes of the Russian Federation V. Pivovarov. F. has extensive experience both in Russia and abroad in solving theoretical and practical problems in the industry. He developed a new scientific direction of research on ecological selection and genetics of vegetable crops. The article presents the directions of the ecological selection scientific school: increasing the adaptability of agricultural crops to various environmental factors; identifying the peculiarities of the genotype-environment interaction; development of methods for accelerating the breeding process to create highly productive varieties and hybrids resistant to abiotic and biotic stressors; ecological selection for low levels of radionuclides and technologies that reduce the amount of pollutants in vegetable products. School of V.F. Pivovarov Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences was organized on the basis of common scientific interests, the importance of environmental research for breeding, a high level of scientific results, continuity and great development prospects.

Evaluation on Network Social Media Named Entity Recognition Model Based on Active Learning

The medical security privacy and named entity recognition (NER) technology under the blockchain technology has been a hot topic in all walks of life. As a typical representative of medical security risks and NER, the NER model of online social media based on active learning has attracted worldwide attention. NER is an important part of natural language processing. Traditional recognition technology usually requires a lot of external information, and through the manual identification of its features, which costs a lot of time and energy. In order to solve the shortcomings of traditional recognition algorithms and the lack of feature extraction in network media NER, a new active learning model was introduced in this paper. In the information age, people are increasingly demanding a large amount of text information, and NER technology came into being. Its main function is to accurately identify important information from text and provide useful information for high-level work. The initial design of NER system is mainly based on the recognition of rules, so as to realize the recognition of named entities. However, in a complex network environment, it takes a lot of time and energy to establish rules without conflicts, and it has poor mobility. In recent years, with the continuous development of computer technology, the use of machine learning to actively learn the unknown information in the target area reduces the workload of manual annotation, thus realizing the active learning of large amounts of data. The research showed that the recognition accuracy under the traditional NER was low, and the information processing speed was slow; the accuracy rate of NER based on active learning was as high as 97%, and the speed of information processing had also been greatly improved, which had solved many problems under the traditional mode. User satisfaction could be as high as 95%, which showed that the latter had broad prospects. The progress of the new era cannot be separated from the support of new technologies. The research of this article has important guiding significance for medical security privacy and the application of NER under blockchain technology.

Hemophilia Healing with AAV: Navigating the Frontier of Gene Therapy.

Gene therapy for hemophilia has advanced tremendously after thirty years of continual study and development. Advancements in medical science have facilitated attaining normal levels of Factor VIII (FVIII) or Factor IX (FIX) in individuals with haemophilia, thereby offering the potential for their complete recovery. Despite the notable advancements in various countries, there is significant scope for further enhancement in haemophilia gene therapy. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) currently serves as the primary vehicle for gene therapy in clinical trials targeting haemophilia. Subsequent investigations will prioritize enhancing viral capsid structures, transgene compositions, and promoters to achieve heightened transduction efficacy, diminished immunogenicity, and more predictable therapeutic results. The present study indicates that whereas animal models have transduction efficiency that is over 100% high, human hepatocytes are unable to express clotting factors and transduction efficiency to comparable levels. According to the current study, achieving high transduction efficiency and high levels of clotting factor expression in human hepatocytes is still insufficient. It is also crucial to reduce the risk of cellular stress caused by protein overload. Despite encountering various hurdles, the field of haemophilia gene therapy holds promise for the future. As technology continues to advance and mature, it is anticipated that a personalized therapeutic approach will be developed to cure haemophilia effectively.

Rural physician–community engagement: Building, supporting and maintaining resilient health care strategies in three rural Canadian communities

AbstractObjectiveTo explore rural physician–community engagement through three case studies in order to understand the role that these relationships can play in increasing community‐level resilience to climate change and ecosystem disruption.DesignQualitative secondary case study analysis.SettingThree Canadian rural communities (BC n = 2, Ontario n = 1).ParticipantsRural family physicians and community members.MethodsTwenty‐eight semi‐structured virtual interviews, conducted between November 2021 and February 2022, were included. Communities were selected from the larger data set based on data availability, level of physician engagement and demographic factors. Thematic analysis was completed in NVivo using deductive coding.Main FindingsThe presented qualitative case studies shed light on the strategies employed by physicians to establish and foster relationships within rural communities during challenging circumstances. In Community A, the implementation of a Primary Care Society (PCS) not only addressed physician shortages but also facilitated the development of strong continuity of care through proactive recruitment efforts. Community B showcased the adoption of an ‘intentional physician community’ model, emphasising collaboration and community consultation, resulting in effective communication of public health directives and innovative interdisciplinary action during the COVID‐19 pandemic. In Community C, engaged physicians and community advocates are aligned to contribute to the long‐term sustainability of the rural community, particularly in the context of food security and climate change vulnerabilities.ConclusionThese findings underscore the significance of trust building, transparent communication and collaboration in addressing health care challenges in rural areas and emphasise the need to recognise and support physicians as agents of change.

Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of 2-(Substituted Amino)-N-(6-Substituted-1,3-Benzothiazol-2yl) Acetamide.

The development of antimicrobial agents is crucial for several reasons, primarily to combat infectious diseases and to address the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance. The need for the contin-ued development of antimicrobial drugs persists despite the presence of many existing drugs for several reasons viz; emerging new pathogens and diseases, reistance to existing drug and propogation of multi-drug resistance to existing drugs. The objective of the study was to synthesize and evaluate the antimicrobial potential of newly synthesized benzothiazole derivatives. A new series of 2-(substituted amino)-N-(6-substituted-1,3-benzothiazol-2yl)acetamide BTC(a-t) has been synthesized by reacting it with chloracetyl chloride with substituted 2-amino benzothiazole and further refluxed with various substituted amines to obtain target compounds. The synthesized compounds were screened experimentally for their antimicrobial property against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration of compounds were determined against selected bacterial and fungal strains. Further docking study was carried out to check the probable interactions with the selected protein using V-life MDS 3.5 software (DNA gyrase, PDB: 3G75). Compounds BTC-j N-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-(pyridine-3-ylamino)acetamide and BTC-r N-(6-nitro-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-2-(pyridine-3-ylamino)acetamide were found to have good antimicrobial potential. The compound BTC-j showed good antibacterial activity against S. aureus at an MIC value of 12.5 μg/mL, B. subtilis at MIC of 6.25μg/mL, E. coli at MIC of 3.125μg/mL, and P. aeruginosa at MIC of 6.25μg/mL. Thus, from the result, it was observed that compounds BTC-j, BTC-f, BTC-n, and BTC-r exhibited significant antibacterial and antifungal potential at different concentrations. The present study resulted in the successful synthesis of 2-acetamido substituted benzothiazole derivatives BTC(a-t) with good yields. The dock score of the compounds and the antimicrobial activity were found to be consistent. No statistical difference in the antimicrobial activity of the standard and test compounds was found, indicating that the test compounds have comparable activity. Therefore, benzothiazole linked to heterocyclic rings with an acetamide linkage may serve as promising lead molecules for further optimization in the journey to discover potent antibacterial agents. Thus, we conclude that the synthesized compounds have the potential for further development as novel antimicrobial agents.

Research and Progress of Inorganic Infrared Electrochromic Materials and Devices.

Electrochromic materials can dynamically change their optical properties (such as transmittance, absorbance, and reflectance under the action of an applied voltage, and their research and application in the visible band have been widely concerned. In recent years, with the continuous development of electrochromic technology, the related research has been gradually extended to the infrared region. This invited review aims to provide an overview of the current status of several inorganic infrared electrochromic materials, to provide some references for future research, and to promote the research and application of electrochromic technology in the infrared region. This review summarizes various research results in the field of infrared electrochromic, which includes a detailed literature review and patent search. Starting from the key performance parameters and device structure characteristics of infrared electrochromic devices (ECDs), the research and progress of several types of inorganic infrared electrochromic materials, including metal oxides, plasma nanocrystals, and carbon nanomaterials, are mainly presented, and feasible optimization directions are also discussed. We believe that the potential of these materials for civilian and military applications, for example, infrared electrochromic smart windows, infrared stealth/disguise, and thermal control of spacecraft, can be fully exploited by optimizing the materials and their devices to improve their performance.

Improved ant colony optimization algorithms for multi-objective investment decision model based on intelligent fuzzy clustering algorithm

With the continuous changes and development of financial markets, it has brought many difficulties to investment decision-making. For the multi-objective investment decision-making problem, the improved Ant colony optimization algorithms was used to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the multi-objective investment decision-making. Therefore, based on intelligent Fuzzy clustering algorithm and Ant colony optimization algorithms, this paper studied a new multi-objective investment decision model, and proved the advantages of this method through comparative analysis of experiments. The experimental results showed that the improved Ant colony optimization algorithms has significantly reduced the system’s construction costs, operating costs and financial costs, all of which were controlled below 41%. Compared with the traditional Ant colony optimization algorithms, this method had lower values in policy risk, technical risk and market risk, and can effectively control risks. Meanwhile, the environmental, economic, and social benefits of this method were all above 58%, and the average absolute return rate and success rate in this experiment were 21.5450% and 69.4083%, respectively. Therefore, from the above point of view, the multi-objective investment decision model based on intelligent Fuzzy clustering algorithm and the improved Ant colony optimization algorithms can effectively help decision-makers to find the best investment decision-making scheme, and can improve the accuracy and stability of decision-making. This research can provide reference significance for other matters in the field of investment decision-making.

Program Innovation in the National Amil Zakat Management System: A Step Towards Enhancing the Welfare of Mustahik

The continued development of the ZIS management system which gave birth to new programs which are the result of the program innovations of each amil zakat institution is expected to be able to improve the welfare of mustahik in various fields. This study aims to find out the collection, distribution, utilization and reporting of zakat, infaq, alms (ZIS) funds at BAZNAS Tulungagung and NU Care-LAZISNU Tulungagung. This research method is qualitative with descriptive research type, data collection techniques with in-depth interviews, moderate participation observation and documentation, data analysis model of Miles and Huberman. Checking the validity of the data by extending observations, increasing persistence, triangulation and member checks. The results of this study are 1) collection at BAZNAS Tulungagung through UPZ, Bank Transfers, Counters/counters, by conducting outreach to agencies and social media Instagram Facebook and YouTube while NU Care- LAZISNU Tulungagung through the MWC, Twigs and congregation, bank transfers, zakat car, with socialization to congregations, and social media Instagram Facebook and WhatsApp groups. 2) Distribution of BAZNAS Tulungagung through education compensation programs, medicine for Islamic boarding schools, mass circumcision, house renovations, and Zakat Community Development (ZCD) for tourist villages while NU Care- LAZISNU Tulungagung through education care programs, free medical treatment, disaster response, mosque construction, programs wholesale. 3) Utilization of BAZNAS Tulungagung through a basic food distribution program for orphans totaling 1500 pcs each year, One Family One Bachelor scholarship (SKSS) at 4 universities in Tulungagung for underprivileged families, "fertile goat" farms of 50 goats in the area village of Besole, business capital for etek traders is 1 million rupiah, while NU Care-LAZISNU Tulungagung through the staple rice program for the poor, 550 free eyeglasses for mustahik in the education sector, 140 "integrated goat" farms in the village area pakisaji, business capital for small businesses or wholesalers of 2 million rupiah. 4) BAZNAS Tulungagung reporting through the BAZNAS Information Management System (SIMBA) and Instagram social media and the official website while NU Care-LAZISNU Tulungagung submits reports to BAZNAS Tulungagung, People's Welfare, Ministry of Religion and social media Instagram and Facebook and WhatsApp groups.

Professionalisation of Andragogical Staff Through a University Study Programme in the Republic of Croatia

Despite a rich tradition of institutional adult education and relatively continuous development of andragogical theory and practice, the Republic of Croatia has only adopted strategic and legal frameworks that have created the conditions for the professionalisation of adult education staff in the last twenty years. This paper aims to present the andragogical thought, legislative framework, and andragogy study programme in Croatia. The need for the university education of andragogues stems from research results that indicate many employers prefer highly educated staff in this field. To respond to current needs, the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Rijeka is going to implement a University Part-Time Graduate Study in Andragogy programme designed in accordance with ten years of positive experience in adult education in the Republic of Croatia, modern achievements in andragogical theory and practice, and based on the Croatian Qualification Frame.

Design and Control of Ultrasound Image-guided Prostatic Brachytherapy Robot

Background:: With the continuous development of medical robots, they have become a powerful tool for surgery and treatment. A prostate brachytherapy robot is a kind of robot widely used in prostate cancer treatment; its main function is to accurately implant radioactive seeds into prostate tissue to kill cancer cells. Using prostate brachytherapy robots for surgery can reduce damage to surrounding tissue during surgery, thereby reducing the risk of external electrolysis and metastasis of tumor cells. Objective:: This study aimed to design a prostate brachytherapy robot that is more in line with practical usage needs, based on the method of manually performing prostate brachytherapy surgery in clinical practice. Finally, its feasibility has been demonstrated through brachytherapy experiments. Methods:: Firstly, the actual requirements for prostate particle implantation surgery have been analyzed, which has been followed by reviewing previous literature and patents to determine the design scheme of the robot. Finally, SOLIDWORKS software has been used for mechanical design of the robot, and the control system of the robot has been designed based on Arduino. Results:: A robotic arm type prostate particle implantation robot has been successfully designed. We have installed a visual module on the prostate particle implantation robot, which has enabled the robot system to have image transmission monitoring function to assist in the calibration of the puncture position before surgery. Finally, we have employed other sensors to complete the particle implantation experiment, and successfully confirmed its superiority through comparing errors. Conclusion:: This work has analyzed and studied the clinical process of prostate particle implantation surgery, and designed a prostate particle implantation robot, including the mechanical design and control system design of the robot. We have also simulated the scene of prostate particle implantation surgery in the human body through particle implantation experiments, and successfully and accurately implanted radioactive particles to the target. The experimental results have proven the feasibility of the robot. We have made improvements in execution efficiency by using a parallelogram-based robotic arm as the representation of the prostate particle implantation robot and equipped it with a visual module. The visual module collects a video stream of the puncture needle's perspective and provides feedback to the control end to assist in the calibration of the puncture position before surgery, greatly reducing the probability of secondary injury to patients.

Reinforcement Learning-Based Automation of Time-Frequency Domain Reflectometry

Advanced reflectometry, which can be used to estimate the location of defects in electrical cables with high accuracy, has undergone continuous development based on advanced signal processing techniques. However, in actual fields, non-experts find it difficult to use advanced reflectometry owing to the difficulty of the application process. Therefore, in this paper, a novel technique that can automate the signal-design process in reflectometry, enabling anyone to use advanced reflectometry in the actual field, is proposed. In this work, the signal-design process is automated by utilizing reinforcement learning (RL), and the application methodology is explained using time-frequency domain reflectometry. The agent of the proposed RL model is trained in a simulation-based environment. Finally, the trained agent is applied to a real-world cable to demonstrate its performance.

A Task Offloading Method Based on User Satisfaction in C-RAN With Mobile Edge Computing

With the continuous development of the communication service industry, users pay more attention to the quality of network service. Previous studies on offloading problems, especially in the Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) architecture with Mobile Edge Computing (MEC), are primarily focused on the economic perspective, with little consideration given to user-oriented satisfaction problems. To fill this gap, this paper proposes a mathematical model for maximizing user satisfaction in the C-RAN architecture with multi-layer MEC. The problem is divided into two stages for solution. The first stage addresses the optimal connection problem between users and Remote Radio Heads (RRHs). The second stage then schedules user tasks reasonably based on the solution obtained in the first stage. The two-stage problems are all proved to be NP-Hard. Two efficient approximation algorithms, namely User-to-RRH Association Algorithm (URAA) and Maximum Satisfaction Algorithm (MSA), are proposed to solve the problems in different stages. This paper proves and analyzes the theoretical performance of the two algorithms. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithms is verified by simulation experiments. The experimental results demonstrate that the two proposed algorithms can achieve reasonable solutions to the problems, and the user satisfaction level can be maintained at a high level.

CARBON CAPTURE AND UTILIZATION (CCU): A REVIEW OF EMERGING APPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES

As the global community grapples with the urgent need to mitigate the impacts of climate change, Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU) has emerged as a promising and multifaceted strategy to address carbon emissions. This review paper provides a comprehensive examination of the current state of CCU technologies, focusing on both the emerging applications and the challenges inherent in their implementation. The first section offers an overview of diverse carbon capture methods, ranging from pre-combustion to direct air capture, highlighting key advancements in technologies such as chemical absorption, membrane separation, and adsorption. Subsequently, the paper delves into the various pathways of carbon utilization, exploring applications in the production of fuels, carbon-based materials, and chemical synthesis. Notable breakthroughs in power-to-gas technologies, utilization in construction materials, and industrial applications are discussed in detail. The core of the review is dedicated to unveiling the emerging applications of CCU, with a specific emphasis on its role in agriculture and soil enhancement, integration with renewable energy systems, and collaboration with other industries. The potential economic and environmental benefits of these applications are explored to underscore the transformative impact of CCU on sustainable development. However, the journey towards widespread CCU adoption is not without challenges. This paper identifies and analyzes technical hurdles related to efficiency, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. Additionally, it examines the regulatory, policy, and societal challenges that may hinder the seamless integration of CCU technologies. Case studies of successful CCU projects provide practical insights, emphasizing lessons learned and best practices. The paper concludes by outlining future prospects and opportunities in the field of CCU, emphasizing the need for continued research, development, and international collaboration. It calls for a concerted effort to overcome challenges and harness the full potential of CCU in contributing to global carbon reduction goals. This comprehensive review aims to serve as a valuable resource for researchers, policymakers, and industry professionals involved in climate change mitigation, providing a nuanced understanding of the current landscape, opportunities, and challenges associated with Carbon Capture and Utilization.
 Keywords: Carbon Capture and Utilization (CCU), Applications, Challenges.

Analysis of Turkish Curriculum at the Middle School Level Prepared during the Republican Era

This study examines Turkish Curriculums during the Republican Era, focusing on objectives, learning outcomes, content, teaching-learning processes, and evaluation dimensions. Analyzing 11 curriculums (1924, 1929, 1931-32, 1938, 1949, 1962, 1981, 2006, 2015, 2017, and 2019), we obtained five primary sources and accessed the remaining sources through the examination of 289 previous studies. Through document analysis, we present changes in components, objectives, domains, themes, methods, and assessment in the programs. Although there were no significant modifications from 1949 to 1981 and from 1981 to 2006, the Ministry of National Education has continuously changed programs. Findings reveal various approaches to Turkish language education, with significant changes after 2006, particularly in reading and comprehension skills. These changes reflect evolving educational goals and global trends. The study emphasizes the need for continuous development and adopting contemporary educational approaches in Turkish Curriculums to meet changing needs and ensure progress in the education system.

Modeling Heartland virus disease in mice and therapeutic intervention with 4'-fluorouridine.

More than 60 cases of HRTV disease spanning 14 states have been reported to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The expanding range of the Lone Star tick that transmits HRTV, the growing population of at-risk persons living in geographic areas where the tick is abundant, and the lack of antiviral treatments or vaccines raise significant public health concerns. Here, we report the development of a new small-animal model of lethal HRTV disease to gain insight into HRTV pathogenesis and the application of this model for the preclinical development of a promising new antiviral drug candidate, EIDD-2749. Our findings shed light on how the virus causes disease and support the continued development of EIDD-2749 as a therapeutic for severe cases of HRTV infection.

Disruptive factors of vendor-managed inventory in the manufacturing industry

ABSTRACT Vendor-managed inventory began in the early 1980s when retailers demanded that vendors accept responsibility for replenishment based on the retailer’s sales data. Hence, this study identified and examined the critical factor of VMI’s success in the manufacturing industry. 252 valid responses were collected from the manufacturers using a non-probability purposive sampling approach, later analysed using Smart PLS-SEM. The study’s results indicated that information quality has a significant positive effect on VMI success. Similarly, information sharing also has a significant positive effect on VMI. Joint planning also has a significant positive effect on VMI success. Lastly, relationship quality and resource sharing also positively affect VMI’s success. The supplier should be represented in a cross-functional committee tasked with developing proposals and feedback for the system’s continual development. This helps VMI decision-makers avoid a strong buyer viewpoint. Further, the findings of this study give new information to policymakers and SC professionals to understand the optimisation of replenishment choices between the buyer and the supplier.

Special Issue on Laser Surface Engineering for Tribology

The realm of laser surface engineering has seen continual development, particularly within the realm of tribology, a field dedicated to the examination of friction, wear, and lubrication between interacting surfaces in relative motion [...]

Metro Monolithic Track Bed Vibration Characterization

With the rapid development of cities, metro transportation has also developed rapidly to solve the congestion problems caused by urban development. However, with the continuous development of metro transportation, the vibration problems caused by it have become increasingly obvious. Based on the phonon crystal theory, this paper investigates the vibration characteristics of the metro track structure. It analyzes the influence of the track structure parameters on the band gap characteristics to regulate the metro vibration band gap range. To study the band gap characteristics of metro monolithic bed track structure, establish the double-layer Euler beam model and use the plane wave expansion method (PWE) to calculate its energy band structure; use the finite element method (FEM) to calculate to get its band structure, frequency response function, and time domain analysis. The calculation of PWE shows that there is a band gap in the range of 0–300[Formula: see text]Hz for the metro monolithic track bed, which is 0–194.5[Formula: see text]Hz; the calculation of FEM shows that the range of band gap is 0–193.7[Formula: see text]Hz. Fastening spacing, stiffness, and sub-slab support stiffness will have an impact on the band gap, so appropriate fastening and spacing need to be selected for effective vibration damping of the track structure. The results show that the band gap characteristics of the metro monolithic track bed can be calculated effectively and accurately by using the phononic crystal theory.

Dielectric-Loaded Horn Antenna Design and Simulation Using the Metamaterial Method

In this paper, we propose the design and simulation of a dielectric horn antenna using the metamaterial method; this antenna has a double-layer dielectric waveguide transmission structure. With the continuous development of microwave feed sources, the traditional waveguide systems are no longer able to meet today’s antenna requirements. Consequently, dielectric-loading technology is gradually being applied to design horns. A key advantage of this antenna is its significantly expanded bandwidth of 163.3%. Furthermore, when compared to ridge horns, this dielectric-loaded horn demonstrates superior radiation properties across the entire frequency band, including aperture efficiency (95% in the L band, 65.4% in the S band, 41.5% in the C band, and 28.7% in the X band) and cross-polarization isolation (≥51.6 dB). In addition, before researching the theory of dielectric-loading technology, the modes of the horns should be analyzed. This helps us to better control the hybrid mode. The metamaterial method was applied to achieve stable dielectric properties. We finally conducted experiments on the antenna to validate the relevant theories and feasibility.