Context-aware Mobile Computing Research Articles

A New Architecture based AR for Detection and Recognition of Objects and Text to Enhance Navigation of Visually Impaired People

Abstract Navigation in unfamiliar places is a big challenge for partially sighted and visually impaired people. Improving visual information on the location and content of objects such as drugs can help navigation in unfamiliar environments. There are several existing navigation solutions capable of helping these people. However, navigation solutions are rarely adopted and implemented in reality. In order to optimize the perception of digital information of objects from sensors and to naturally interact with the pervasive computing landscape, Augmented Reality (AR) equipment has to be seamlessly integrated into the user’s environment. For this purpose, we develop an architecture of text and objects recognition based on AR in order to assist partially sighted and visually impaired people. Such architecture makes navigation easier in the environment by helping users to find drugs and to verify the number of pills using speech. The proposed architecture uses context-aware mobile computing and shows great potential to integrate AR for object recognition through AR engines.

A fuzzy logic based transport mode detection framework in urban environment

ABSTRACTTransport mode detection is an emerging research area in different domains such as urban planning, context-aware mobile computing, and intelligent transportation systems. Current approaches are mostly data-driven, based on machine learning approaches. However, machine learning models require substantial training data and cannot explain the reasoning procedure. Data-driven approaches also fall short while interpreting trajectories where ground truth information is limited. Therefore, this paper develops a novel knowledge-based approach for interpreting smartphone global positioning system trajectories by detecting various transport modes used during travel. The proposed model is based on an expert system that can work without any training, based solely on expert knowledge. Core is a fuzzy multiple-input multiple-output expert system using kinematic and spatial information with a well explained fuzzy reasoning scheme through a fuzzy rule base. The model can provide alternate predictions with varied certainty factors. Different membership function combinations have been evaluated in terms of accuracy and ambiguity, and the result demonstrates that the model performs best using a Gaussian–Gaussian combination, comparable to the existing machine learning approaches.

Toward "Hypergalactic-Scale" Computing?

It seems that nearly every day brings new features and pricing models from established competitors; launch announcements from enterprise players; new entrants with new angles; and acquisition of cloud pure-plays by legacy players. IEEE Cloud Computing strives to eschew the technobabble for solid technology and trend analysis, focusing on technology, business, economics, and legal issues through dedicated columns and departments. The May/June 2015 issue features five articles covering topics ranging from context-aware mobile cloud computing, to the use of standards to leverage cloud security service-level agreements, to the intersection of containerization and platform-as-a-service (PaaS) clouds.

Context-Aware Multimedia Content Adaptation for Mobile Web

Multimedia content in web pages poses a variety of problems to mobile web users, such as incompatibility with mobile devices or failing to meet accessibility needs of users with vision disabilities. To address those problems, this study proposes and evaluates a context-aware approach to multimedia content adaptation for mobile Web. It uniquely takes into consideration not only users’ preferences and accessibility needs, but also capabilities of multimedia support of specific mobile devices. Evaluation shows that the proposed approach is accurate and efficient. This study provides insights for research on context-aware mobile computing, adaptive interfaces, and mobile HCI.

컨텍스트 인지 모바일 컴퓨팅을 위한 정형모델 및 추론 시스템 설계

가용 센서를 내장하고 있는 모바일 디바이스의 사용이 많아지고 자동화, 자율화, 사용자 맞춤식 서비스의 요구가 커짐에 따라 컨텍스트 인지 모바일 컴퓨팅 (Context-Aware Mobile Computing)의 필요성이 증대하고 있다. 하지만 추론 시스템 설계는 컨텍스트 분석, 인지하고자 하는 상황분석 등의 복잡한 과정을 요구한다. 또한 모바일 디바이스의 제한된 자원 때문에 컴퓨팅 파워가 높은 서버에 탑재된 추론 엔진을 통해 추론을 수행하는 것이 적합하다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 과정을 간결하고 정확하게 표현하기 위한 컨텍스트-상황 추론 요소의 범용적 정형 모델을 제안하고 추론 요소들의 정형 모델을 실사례에 적용하여 본 논문에서 제안하고 있는 추론 요소들의 정형 모델이 실효성을 가지고 있으며 범용적임을 보여준다. 또한 제한한 추론 요소들을 컴퓨팅 환경에서 실현화하기 위해 제안한 정형 모델들을 기반으로 추론 엔진을 설계 및 구현하고 추론 실험을 통해 추론 엔진의 실효성과 재사용성을 검증한다. Context-aware mobile computing has become the primary approach to realize automatic, autonomous, and user-centric computing in the context of largely increasing the amount of mobile devices used that embed available sensors. However, designing an inference engine nonetheless requires the tasks of analyzing contexts, situations that can be inferred, etc. Moreover, a mobile device has limited resources and limited computation capability, which results in recognizing the common sense of its unsuitable environment for processing inference. Hence, we propose context-situation reasoning elements and their formal models in this paper, and we verify the formal models' applicability by applying them to an example. Finally, we design and implement an inference engine that realize the context-situation inference elements in computing environment, and we experiment an example by using the proposed inference engine to verify applicability and reusability of the inference engine.

Supporting Site-Based Processes Using Context-Aware Virtual Prototyping

Recent advances in the use of virtual building prototypes as a tool to support various site-based production processes coupled with improvements in context-aware mobile computing offer significant potential of improving decision making during construction phase of a building by providing relevant and timely access to design and process information. This paper investigates the scope and potential for integrating intelligent context-aware interfaces with sophisticated virtual building prototypes, to provide highly relevant and context-specific building information to concerned stakeholders throughout the building life cycle. Key enabling technologies and related literature are reviewed. Architecture to integrate context awareness with virtual building prototype is presented to allow for integration of context at various levels, and timely retrieval of building model data is presented. Conclusions are drawn about the possible future effect on the construction industry.

Context-aware mobile computing: learning context- dependent personal preferences from a wearable sensor array

Context-aware computing describes the situation where a wearable/mobile computer is aware of its user's state and surroundings and modifies its behavior based on this information. We designed, implemented, and evaluated a wearable system which can learn context-dependent personal preferences by identifying individual user states and observing how the user interacts with the system in these states. This learning occurs online and does not require external supervision. The system relies on techniques from machine learning and statistical analysis. A case study integrates the approach in a context-aware mobile phone. The results indicate that the method is able to create a meaningful user context model while only requiring data from comfortable wearable sensor devices.