Content Of Wheat Straw Research Articles

Eco-friendly lightweight composite prepared with a geopolymer and wheat straw

Agricultural waste shows promise for use in lightweight building materials. The combination of a geopolymer and wheat straw (WS) is adopted to produce a kind of eco-friendly lightweight composite. Using WS pretreated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3) solutions, the influence of WS on the properties of the geopolymer–WS composite (GWSC) is investigated. The pretreated WS avoids the retarding effect of the untreated WS on the hydration of the geopolymer and even presents an accelerating effect. Increasing the content of pretreated WS generally results in a reduction in apparent density and strength. A GWSC with an apparent density of 1000–1500 kg/m3 can be prepared, corresponding to a 28-day compressive strength between 5 and 25 MPa. The water absorption linearly increases with the increase in the pretreated WS content, while an appropriate amount of the pretreated WS can enhance the water resistance of the GWSC. A WS/fly ash ratio lower than 8% can produce a GWSC with qualified thermal insulation performance. Alkaline treatment, particularly sodium hydroxide treatment, significantly improves the bonding strength between the fiber and the geopolymer matrix. In addition, pretreated WS saturated with sodium hydroxide and sodium metasilicate solutions is beneficial to the fluidity of the geopolymer–WS mixture and could act as an internal curing agent for enhancing the hydration of the geopolymer.

Selection of straw waste reinforced sustainable polymer composite using a multi-criteria decision-making approach

The valorization of straw waste as a sustainable and eco-friendly resource in polymer composites is critical for resource recycling and environmental preservation. Therefore, many research works are being carried out regarding the development of wheat straw-based polymer composites to identify the reinforcing potential of these sustainable resources. In this study, three different sizes of wheat straw fibers (60–120 mesh, 35–60 mesh, and 18–35 mesh) were used, and their different ratios (0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20% by weight) were systematically investigated for the physical and mechanical properties of polypropylene-based sustainable composites. The results indicated that the evaluated composites’ properties are strongly dependent on the quantity and size of the utilized wheat straw. Therefore, a preference selection index was applied to rank the developed sustainable polymer composites to select the best composition. Various properties of the composite materials were considered as criteria for ranking the alternatives, namely tensile strength and modulus, flexural stress at conventional deflection and flexural modulus, impact strength, density, water absorption, material cost, and carbon footprint. The decision-making analysis suggests the alternative with wheat straw content of 20 wt.% (35–60 mesh size) dominating the performance by maximizing the beneficial criteria and minimizing the non-beneficial criteria, making it the most suitable alternative. This study will significantly help formulation designers to deal with the amount and size issues when developing polymeric composites.

Utilisation of wheat straw for concrete insulation brick

The use of wastes as part of insulation building materials has become a new requirement of green building. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using wheat straw as a filler for making thermal insulation bricks to reduce energy loss in buildings. Wheat straw, expanded perlite and asphalt were used to produce straw insulation blocks (SIBs), and the mix ratio of the materials used was determined using the orthogonal method. A reasonable mixing ratio is as follows: wheat straw content (weight ratio) is 23.8%, expanded perlite content 19.8% and asphalt content 56.4%. SIBs were filled into hollow concrete bricks to prepare straw insulation block core-filled concrete bricks (SIBCCBs). The density, compressive strength and thermal conductivity of SIBCCB were measured. The results indicate that the SIBCCB is lightweight, has low carbon dioxide emissions, good thermal insulation performance and compression resistance capacity, and is an ideal insulation block for load-bearing lightweight and non-load-bearing walls.

Evaluation of the Physical, Mechanical, and Calorific Properties of Briquettes with or without a Hollow Made of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Straw Waste

Large amounts lignocellulosic biomass in the form of straw is leftover after wheat harvesting that could be utilized for beneficial purposes. The latter has led to the emergence of new technologies to make use of this resource. One such technology currently in use turns wheat straw into briquettes. In the present study, we have prepared and evaluated the physical, mechanical and calorific properties of two types of briquettes made of wheat straw. The two types of briquettes prepared were (i) hollow briquettes and (ii) solid briquettes. The densities of these briquettes obtained on a mechanical device with a crank mechanism were 1.169 kg/m3, irrespective of whether the briquettes were hollow or solid. The briquette densities are consistent with European standards. The calorific value of wheat straw was 17.69 MJ/kg. Although the calorific value was somewhat lower than the beech wood briquettes (18.38 MJ/kg), it is adequate for their combustion in both stoves and thermal power plants. The ash content of wheat straw was 9.1% (~10-fold higher than that of beech wood). The briquettes showed a compressive mechanical strength of 1.15–2.17 N/mm2 and splitting mechanical strength of 0.17–0.39 N/mm2 suggesting that the straw briquettes were well compacted and can be stable during transport and/or other manipulations. In conclusion, wheat straw briquettes have similar physical, mechanical and calorific properties to those prepared from beech wood biomass and are a viable solution to replace beech wood briquettes with similar efficiency.

Bioconversion of wheat straw to energy via anaerobic co-digestion with cattle manure in batch-mode bioreactors (Experimental investigation and kinetic modeling)

Rising concerns about environmental issues including pollution control, waste management and energy demands have drawn the world’s attention to the merits of renewable energy sources. In this regard, the anaerobic digestion of organic wastes for the purpose of bioenergy production is of particular importance. This study investigated the potential for biogas production from the co-digestion of a lignocellulosic biomass (wheat straw) with cattle manure after physical and chemical pretreatment at two Total Solids (TS) levels of 3% and 6% and three Inoculum-to-Substrate Ratios (ISRs) of 1, 2 and 4 (based on volatile solids). The materials were loaded into single-stage 1-liter digesters in batch mode under mesophilic conditions (35 °C) for 125 days. The best anaerobic digestion performance was observed in the treatment with 3%TS and ISR1, where the biogas and methane production yields were 0.510 and 0.307 m3/kg-VSadded, respectively. At both TS levels, biogas production increased with the increase in the Volatile Solids (VS) content of wheat straw and the decrease in ISR. This can be due to easier access of microorganisms to the organic matter and better microorganism-substrate balance, which ultimately result in improved digestion performance. The kinetic modeling results showed that the modified Gompertz model and the logistic function model had the highest level of consistency with the experimental results for TS3% and TS6%, respectively. The first-order kinetic model failed to provide a good estimate of biogas production from the co-digestion of wheat straw with cattle manure, irrespective of the TS level.

Effects of Mustard Husk, Wheat Straw, and Flaxseed Residue Blending on Combustion Behavior of High Ash Coal and Petroleum Coke Blends

Abstract This present work reports the combustion studies of coal, petroleum coke (PC) and biomass blends to assess the effects of the mustard husk (MH), wheat straw (WS), and flaxseed residue (FR) blending toward improvement of coal combustion characteristics. Ignition temperature (TS), maximum temperature (TP), burnout temperature (TC), activation energy (AE), and thermodynamic parameters (ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS) were analyzed to evaluate the impact of biomass and PC blending on coal combustion. Experimental results indicate that coal and PC have inferior combustion characteristics compared to MH, WS, and FR. With the increase in WS content in blends from 10 to 30%, TS reduced from 371 to 258 °C and TP decreased from 487 to 481 °C, inferring substantial enhancements in combustion properties. Kinetic analysis inferred that blended fuel combustion could be explained mostly using reaction models, followed by diffusion-controlled and contracting sphere models. Overall, with the increase in FR mass in blends from 10 to 30%, AE decreased from 108.97 kJ/mol to 70.15 kJ/mol signifying ease of combustion. Analysis of synergistic effects infers that higher biomass addition improves coal and PC blends’ combustion behavior through catalytic effects of alkali mineral matters present in biomass. Calculation of thermodynamic parameters signified that combustion of coal and PC is challenging than biomasses; however, blending of biomass makes the combustion process easier.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation for Structural Evolution of Mixed Ash from Coal and Wheat Straw

We conducted molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the structural evolution of molten slag composed of wheat straw (WS) and Shenhua (SH) coal. The content of wheat straw in the slag was varied from 0 to 100 wt%. The MD results indicated a slight reduction in the sharpness of the radial-distribution-function curve of each ion–oxygen pair and a decrease in bonding strength with increasing WS content. WS introduced many metal ions to the ash system, increasing its overall activity. The number of bridging and non-bridging oxygen atoms changed upon straw addition, which affected the stability of the system. There were relatively few highly coordinated Si ions. The number of low-coordination Si was highest for a WS content of 30%, at which the density reached a minimum value. The degree of ash polymerization was analyzed by counting the number (Q) of tetrahedra with the number (n) of the bridging oxygen atoms. With increasing WS content, Q4 (tetrahedral Si) decreased, whereas Q3, Q2, Q1, and Q0 increased. Q4 reached a minimum value for a WS content of 30%, at which point the degree of ion aggregation was the weakest and the degree of disorder was the strongest.

Production of Cellulosic Ethanol from Alkali-Treated Wheat Straw Using P-SSF Process and Bioconversion of Hemicellulosic Fraction into High- Value Products

Background: Lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive resource for the production of ethanol because of its abundance and lower cost. The economics of lignocellulosic ethanol production can be improved by enhancing the ethanol titres along with the utilisation of waste generated during the bioconversion process. Objective: The present study was aimed at the development of a bioconversion process for producing a high concentration of ethanol from alkali-treated cellulose-rich wheat straw (WS) and utilization of unused hemicellulosic fraction into value added products. Methods: WS was subjected to microwave-assisted alkali (MAA) treatment. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were used to analyse structural changes in untreated and pretreated WS. Bioethanol production from pretreated WS was carried out by pre hydrolysis and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (P-SSF) process using newly isolated Saccharomyces cerevisisae SM1. Liquid fraction generated during pretreatment was utilised for xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production using indigenously produced endoxylanase. Results: MAA treatment of WS was successful in enriching the cellulose content of WS by solubilizing hemicellulose and lignin. Ethanol fermentation by the P-SSF method leads to the high concentration of ethanol (42.10±1.15 g/L) in 48 h. Ethanol productivity and yield were 0.88 g/L/h and 69.14%, respectively. It can be predicted that 7.143 tons of raw WS may be required to produce 1 ton of ethanol, and for additional revenue, 191.93 kg xylitol and 263.58 kg XOS (DP2 - DP5) can also be produced simultaneously. Conclusion: The study has demonstrated the feasibility of a bio-refinery process for the production of value-added compounds in addition to high ethanol yields.

Development of devices for the determination of the rheological properties of coarse biomass treated by dry anaerobic digestion

The lack of rheological characterization of coarse biomass limits the design, operation and optimization of continuous Dry Anaerobic Digestion (D-AD) processes. In this work, three alternative rheological devices for the determination of rheological behavior of coarse biomass were scale-up and calibrated; the slump test, the consistometer and the shear-box. The applicability and limitations of each device were evaluated using artificial mixtures of straw-cattle manure prepared using raw and shredded Wheat Straw (WS). The slump test and consistometer results suggest that the yield stress increases exponentially from 43 to 882 Pa with the WS content increase, reducing the flowability. Cohesion and friction angle measures using the shear-box were between 1.39 and 3.17 kPa and 11.0 and 28.89° respectively. This work represents an advance in the setting-up of standardized methods to the rheological determination of coarse biomass.

A TG-IR study on the co-pyrolysis characteristics of oily sludge and crops

The co-pyrolysis characteristics of oily sludge (OS), wheat straw (WS), peanut straw(PS), and coconut shell (CS) have been studied experimentally with the thermogravimetric infrared analyzer, and the precipitation characteristics of the main reaction products were analyzed. During the separate pyrolysis of OS, the main weight loss stage appeared in 200–500 °C and the maximum weight loss peak appeared at 460 °C; its value is 8.42%/min. For the three additives, the main weight loss stage of all the three additives appeared in 200–400 °C; the maximum weight loss peak values of WS, PS, and CS were 11.38%/min, 8.77%/min, and CS 12.03%/min, respectively. It has been found that the three additives promoted the pyrolysis reaction of OS, and the mean apparent activation energy of the reaction was significantly reduced when the content of WS was 40%, PS was 40%, and CS was 50%. WS and PS make the pyrolysis process more adequate, and the amount of residual material is reduced. The addition of three additives could reduce the production of CH4 and CO and increase the precipitation of CO2.

Effect of Wheat-Straw Biochar on Nitrate Removal in Laboratory Denitrifying Bioreactors

Denitrifying bioreactors are an innovative nitrate-reduction strategy that reduces NO3-N with carbon substrate. In this study, application of biochar as a carbon substrate in DNBRs and the effect of biochar application rate and bioreactor heights on nitrate and ammonium concentration in the laboratory were investigated. Four mixtures of soil–biochar–wheat straw content of B0 = 0 (control treatment), B1 = 10, B2 = 20, and B3 = 30 percent of biochar were used. Also, to evaluate the effect of bioreactors heights, four heights 30, 60, 90, and 120 cm were used. The results showed that the nitrate concentration removal for control, B1, B2, and B3 treatment was 74.5, 81, 86.4, and 90.6% and biochar application rate, and bioreactor height have a significant effect on NO3-N removal and ammonium concentration. The results also showed that NO3-N removal and ammonium concentration increased with time. The effluent pH value of bioreactors does not have any particular trend during the experiment.

Prediction of Unconfined Compression Strength for Saline‐Alkaline Soils Mixed with Cement and Wheat Straw

A series of unconfined compression tests were performed to investigate the influence of wheat straws on the unconfined compression strength for saline‐alkaline soils and saline‐alkaline soils mixed with cement. In unconfined compression tests, 20 groups of soil specimens were prepared at five different percentages of wheat straws content (i.e., 0.0%, 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, and 0.25% by weight of saline‐alkaline soils) and four different percentages of cement content (i.e., 0%, 3%, 6%, and 9% by weight of saline‐alkaline soils), and unconfined compression tests were carried out after 3‐, 7‐, 14‐, 28‐, and 56‐day curing periods. Test results indicated that the inclusion of wheat straws within saline‐alkaline soils and saline‐alkaline soils mixed with cement leads to an increase in the unconfined compressive strength of specimens and also changed the brittle behavior to a more ductile one for specimens. In addition, based on the results from unconfined compression tests, a formula for predicting the unconfined compression strength of specimens related to cement content, wheat straw content, curing periods, etc., was determined, and comparing with the results from unconfined compression tests, it had higher precision in predicting the unconfined compression strength of specimens.

Precision test for the spectral characteristic of FT-NIR for the measurement of water content of wheat straw

Near Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy is widely employed as a rapid technique for the evaluation of properties of biomass materials. Precision and accuracy of the instruments is an important aspect in order to minimize error in the determination of results. The objective of this publication is to determine scanning repeatability and reproducibility of the NIR spectrometer for wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.), using either a fixed scan or a rotating scan. The former presented marginally better repeatability but worse reproducibility. Samples in equilibrium with the local atmosphere versus samples of controlled and different moisture contents were also compared, and the latter performed better on the precision test but both fixed and rotating scans. As the ultimate objective of this test is the use of this method to determine variations between different moisture content, and as the rotating scan presents better reproducibility, this method was selected as the reference method for further NIR analyses focused on the variation of moisture content.

Effects of whole milk feeding rate and straw level of starter feed on performance, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, structural growth, and feeding behavior of Holstein calves

Sixty Holstein female calves [41 ± 3.6 kg of body weight (BW)] at 4 d of age were housed individually and allocated to 1 of 6 treatments in a complete randomized design with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments to examine effects of whole milk (WM) feeding rate and wheat straw (WS) content of starter feed (SF) on calves' performance. Thus, 6 treatments were evaluated: usually 4 L/d of WM (4 L) along with a SF without WS (CON; 4 L-CON), 4 L along with a SF containing 75 g/kg of DM WS (75S; 4 L-75S), 4 L along with a SF containing 150 g/kg of DM WS (150S; 4 L-150S), usually 8 L/d of WM (8 L) along with a CON (8 L-CON), 8 L along with a 75S (8 L-75S), and 8 L along with a 150S (8 L-150S). Calves in 8 L were gradually (in 2 steps) offered WM and both 4 L and 8 L calves were gradually (in 1 and 2 steps, respectively) weaned at 56 d of age. Calves had ad libitum access to water and SF containing ground concentrate and no or desired amount of chopped WS as total mixed ration during the trial (from 4 to 70 d of age). Overall, milk feeding rate had no effect on solid feed intake. Calves on 8 L had greater (P < 0.05) BW than calves on 4L from the third week until the end of study, however, 4L-75S calves showed similar BW with calves in 8L groups. Final body length, heart girth, and hip width were greater (P < 0.05) in 8L compared with 4L calves. Incremental increases in the WS content of SF increased (P < 0.05) post-weaning intake and average daily gain (ADG), and improved (P < 0.01) pre- and post-weaning rumen pH and total time of ruminating, all in a linear manner. Feeding 4L-75S resulted in numerical greater overall ADG (620, 519 and 553 g/d, respectively) and final BW (82.9, 77.6 and 79.8 kg, respectively) rather than 4L-CON or 4L-150S. Feeding 8L-150S increased numerically overall ADG (668, 621 and 596 g/d, respectively) and final BW (88.2, 84.4 and 82.8 kg, respectively) in calves compared with 8L-75S or 8L-CON. In conclusion, offering usually 8 L/d of WM increased growth performance of calves throughout the study, without altering SF consumption, and increases in the WS content of SF increased intake and ADG of calves after weaning.

Effect of pre-treatment and content of wheat straw on energy absorption capability of concrete

Wheat is an agricultural crop of sub-tropical regions. Straw is actually the by-product and waste of wheat crop. Straw are getting attention of many researchers and it’s use as reinforcement in composites is increasing now a day. But there is a need to explore the straw for civil engineering applications as well. For this purpose, wheat straw reinforced concrete (WSRC) needs to be explored in depth. In this study, the effect of pre-treatment and content of wheat straw on the energy absorption capability of concrete has been studied by evaluating its static properties after curing period. The properties of plain cement concrete (PC) are taken as reference. Almost 25 mm long straw having content of 1%, 2%, and 3%, by mass of wet concrete, are considered. Soaked, boiled and chemically treated wheat straw are used to make Soaked WSRC (SWSRC), Boiled WSRC (BWSRC) and Chemically treated WSRC (CWSRC), respectively. Micro-structural analysis of straw and it’s bond with concrete is also done to reveal the in-depth mechanism. Discussions on results are made. The study is concluded with an increase of 91%, 92%, and 105% in compressive, flexural and splitting-tensile toughness indices, respectively, of SWSRC with 1% content as compared to that of PC.

Study on thermal decomposition kinetics model of sewage sludge and wheat based on multi distributed activation energy

The pyrolysis characteristics of sewage sludge, wheat straw and its mixture were studied by non-isotropic thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). In the temperature range of 400 K–950 K, 40 K/min, 45 K/min and 50 K/min heating rate were set respectively, in N2 atmosphere and CO2/N2 mixed atmosphere. According to the thermal analysis chart obtained from TGA, it was observed the vast majority of mass loss spread at the range of 450–800 K in all samples. The Co-pyrolysis kinetics of sewage sludge and wheat straw was described by a fourth-order DAEM model. It is proved that the model can well match the TG experimental data. The results obtained from the optimized parameters show that the activation of sewage sludge is lower than that of wheat straw, and the activity of the mixture gradually increased with the increase of wheat straw content. The presence of CO2 has a slight inhibitory effect on the pyrolysis of the mixture below 900 K compared to that in an N2 atmosphere, but with temperature increasing, CO2 will have a secondary reaction with biochar.

A novel on-site wheat straw pretreatment method: Enclosed torrefaction

In this study, a novel on-site torrefaction method was proposed for the pretreatment of wheat straw, in which the wheat straw was placed in an enclosed environment for torrefaction. The effects of different torrefaction conditions on the properties of both solid and gaseous products were investigated. When the temperature of enclosed torrefaction increased from 200 °C to 250 °C, the higher heating value, fixed carbon and C content of wheat straw increased by 12.7%, 80.3% and 18.1%, respectively, and the moisture decreased by 25.0%. Enclosed torrefaction causes more mass loss due to the smoldering of wheat straw, and a strong decomposition of the hemicellulose of wheat straw during the torrefaction process. The gaseous products obtained by enclosed torrefaction have fewer acids and more esters than conventional torrefaction. Compared with conventional torrefaction, enclosed torrefaction performs similarly, or even better, in improving the properties of wheat straw.

Effect of ammonia fiber expansion on the available energy content of wheat straw fed to lactating cattle and buffalo in India

The seasonal lack of availability of lush green forages can force dairy farmers in developing nations to rely on crop residues such as wheat and rice straw as the major feed source. We tested whether ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) treatment of wheat straw would increase the energy available to Murrah buffalo and Karan-Fries cattle consuming 70% of their diet as wheat straw in India. Forty lactating animals of each species were blocked by parity and days in milk and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatment diets (n = 10). Treatments were a nutrient-rich diet with 0 to 20% straw (positive control; PC) and 3 high-straw diets with various levels of AFEX-treatment: (1) 70% untreated straw (no AFEX), (2) 40 to 45% untreated straw with 25 to 30% AFEX-treated straw (low AFEX), and (3) 20% untreated straw with 50% AFEX-treated straw (high AFEX). The AFEX-treated straw was pelleted. Urea was added to the no and low AFEX diets so they were isonitrogenous with the high AFEX diet. Animals were individually fed the PC diet for 14 d followed by 7 d of adaptation to treatments, full treatments for 28 to 35 d, and finally PC diets for 21 d. Compared with buffalo fed the PC diet, those fed high-straw diets consumed 29% less feed dry matter, put out 16% less milk energy, and lost 0.8 kg/d more body weight; the AFEX treatment of straw did not alter intake or milk production but greatly ameliorated the body weight loss (-1.0 kg/d for no AFEX and -0.07 kg/d for high AFEX). In Karan-Fries cattle, high-straw diets decreased dry matter intake by 39% and milk energy by 24%, and the high AFEX diet increased intake by 42% and milk energy by 18%. The AFEX treatment increased digestibilities of organic matter, dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and crude protein by 6 to 13 percentage points in buffalo and 5 to 10 points in cattle. In conclusion, AFEX treatment increased the digestibility and energy availability of wheat straw for lactating buffalo and cattle and has commercial potential to improve milk production and feed efficiency when high-quality forages or grains are not available.

Immediate and long-term effects of lime and wheat straw on consistency characteristics of clayey soil

Clayey soils with swelling and shrinkage characteristics have been major causes for many problems in roads, buildings and other civil engineering infrastructure in various areas of Pakistan, particularly where there are several patches of such soils on either side of Indus River. As the consistency characteristics are directly related with the variation of moisture content; therefore, this study was explicitly focused to investigate the effect of lime and wheat straw on the consistency characteristics of clayey soils with relatively high swelling and shrinkage characteristics. The consistency test results indicate that by the increase in lime content there is a decrease in the plasticity index of soil; for instance, 10% lime content resulted to 59% decrease in the plasticity index value. On the other hand; the addition of wheat straw resulted in a significant increase in the plasticity index; for instance, 10% wheat straw content resulted to a 120% increase in the plasticity index. This study has further shown that the shrinkage and swelling of clayey soils which resulting to several problems in the civil engineering infrastructures may adequately be managed through mixing an appropriate amount of lime and wheat straw as soil stabilizing agent for both immediate and long-term effects.

Preservation of Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Lentinula edodes treated wheat straw under anaerobic conditions.

BACKGROUNDNo attention has been paid so far to the preservation of fungal‐treated lignocellulose for longer periods. In the present study, we treated wheat straw (WS) with the white‐rot fungi Ceriporiopsis subvermispora and Lentinula edodes for 8 weeks and assessed changes in pH, chemical composition and in vitro gas production (IVGP) weekly. Fungal‐treated WS was also stored for 64 days ‘as is’, with the addition of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) or with a combination of LAB and molasses in airtight glass jars mimicking ensiling conditions.RESULTSBoth fungi significantly reduced the lignin and hemicellulose content of WS, and increased the cellulose content. The IVGP increased with increasing time of incubation, indicating the increase in digestibility. Both fungi lowered the pH of WS under 4.3, which guarantees an initial and stable low pH during anaerobic storage. Minor changes in fibre composition and IVGP were observed for stored L. edodes treated WS, whereas no change occurred for C. subvermispora.CONCLUSIONIt is possible to conserve C. subvermispora and L. edodes treated straw under anaerobic condition without additives up to 64 days. This finding is important for practical application to supply fungi‐treated feed to ruminant animals for a prolonged period. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.