Contemporary Research Agenda Research Articles

Scope extension of the metaverse tourism concept: Proposing a research agenda

Given the growing significance of the metaverse in research, it is crucial to understand its scope, relevance in the tourism industry, and the human-computer interaction it involves. The emerging field of metaverse tourism has a noticeable research gap, limiting a comprehensive understanding of the concept. This article addresses this gap by conducting a hybrid systematic review, including a variable-oriented literature review, to assess the extent and scope of metaverse tourism. A scrutiny on Scopus identified a reduced number of relevant documents. The analysis exposes theoretical and empirical gaps, along with promising opportunities in the metaverse and tourism intersection. These insights contribute to shaping a contemporary research agenda, emphasizing metaverse tourism. While this study offers an overview of current research in metaverse tourism, it is essential to recognize that this field is still in its early stages, marked by the convergence of technology and transformations in tourism. This exploration underscores the challenges and opportunities arising from the evolving narrative of metaverse tourism.

Contemplative neuroaesthetics and architecture: A sensorimotor exploration

This paper takes initial steps towards developing a theoretical framework of contemplative neuroaesthetics through sensorimotor dynamics. We first argue that this new area has been largely omitted from the contemporary research agenda in neuroaesthetics and thus remains a domain of untapped potential. We seek to define this domain to foster a clear and focused investigation of the capacity of the arts and architecture to induce phenomenological states of a contemplative kind. By proposing a sensorimotor account of the experience of architecture, we operationalize how being attuned to architecture can lead to contemplative states. In contrasting the externally-induced methods with internally-induced methods for eliciting a contemplative state of mind, we argue that architecture may spontaneously and effortlessly lead to such states as certain built features naturally resonate with our sensorimotor system. We suggest that becoming sensible of the resonance and attunement process between internal and external states is what creates an occasion for an externally-induced contemplative state. Finally, we review neuroscientific studies of architecture, elaborate on the brain regions involved in such aesthetic contemplative responses, provide architectural examples, and point at the contributions that this new area of inquiry may have in fields such as the evidence-based design movement in architecture.

Arguing With Jakob von Uexküll’s Umwelten

The past two decades have witnessed the remarkable rediscovery of the Baltic-German bio-philosopher Jakob von Uexküll (1864–1944) and his conception of the animal as a creator of meaning, master of its Umwelt (environment). This paper highlights several blind spots in Uexküll’s contemporary revival. Whilst it has not gone unnoticed that his political agitations clash with the spirit of contemporary research agendas, his Staatsbiologie (state biology) and other essays from the 1920s are commonly dismissed as mere mishaps. But as I show in this paper, Uexküll’s political ideas pervade his ostensibly biological works. Indeed, what has been lost in the scramble to reclaim Uexküll is precisely the crucial role which human animals and their music play in his bio-philosophy. His attempts to unite his understanding of the swarm and the bubble through his esoteric and anti-democratic Kompositionslehre (theory of composition) should be borne in mind for any further attempts to fashion him into a thinker of the “more-than-human.”

Synthesis of forty years of brand crisis literature

PurposeThe brand crisis literature remains unilateral and scattered, necessitating academic effort to comprehend the extant body of knowledge. This study aims to provide the required comprehensive overview of the domain, by outlining its significance, progression and future research directions.Design/methodology/approachFollowing the PRISMA approach, journal articles for review are selected. The study uses a hybrid (structured and bibliometric) review, to provide a systematic insight and graphical visualization of the existing literature. It applies VOSviewer software to analyse bibliographic data through citation and co-occurrence analysis.FindingsThe hybrid review outlines most-cited articles, authors, frequently used theories, methodologies and data analysis techniques in this domain. Findings are further presented as integrative framework that distinctly highlights prior studies from a dichotomous perspective and across three stages of crisis. Finally, research opportunities and directions for future research are presented.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is useful for scholars and practitioners to understand the brand crisis literature and to cognize the inferences drawn by distinct researchers. It provides contemporary research agendas using the theory, context and method (TCM) framework, to augment future investigations through interdisciplinary approach.Originality/valueTo the best of our knowledge this is the first study that synthesizes the academic work of brand crisis using a hybrid method. Also, the novelty of the work lies in presenting the future research direction in the form of multiple (macro, meso and micro) levels with inter-disciplinary theoretical underpinnings.

On the reliability of individual economic rationality measurements

A contemporary research agenda in behavioral economics and neuroeconomics aims to identify individual differences and (neuro)psychological correlates of rationality. This research has been widely received in important interdisciplinary and field outlets. However, the psychometric reliability of such measurements of rationality has been presumed without enough methodological scrutiny. Drawing from multiple original and published datasets (in total over 1,600 participants), we unequivocally show that contemporary measurements of rationality have moderate to poor reliability according to common standards. Further analyses of the variance components, as well as a allowing participants to revise previous choices, suggest that this is driven by low between-subject variance rather than high measurement error. As has been argued previously for other behavioral measurements, this poses a challenge to the predominant correlational research designs and the search for sociodemographic or neural predictors. While our results draw a sobering picture of the prospects of contemporary measurements of rationality, they are not necessarily surprising from a theoretical perspective, which we outline in our discussion.

Mapping of Journal of Services Marketing themes: a retrospective overview using bibliometric analysis

PurposeJournal of services marketing (JSM) is a leading journal that has published cutting-edge research in services marketing over the past 34 years. The main objective of this paper is to provide a retrospective of the thematic structure of papers published in JSM over its publication history.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses bibliometric methods to present a retrospective overview of JSM themes between 1987 and 2019. Using keywords co-occurrence analysis, this paper unveils the thematic structure of JSM’s most prolific themes. Bibliographic coupling analysis uncovers the research trends of the journal.FindingsLeading authors, leading institutions, authors’ affiliated countries and critically, the dominant themes of JSM are identified. As its founding, JSM has published approximately 40 papers each year, with 2019 being its most productive year. On average, lead JSM authors to collaborate with 1.30 others. Keywords co-occurrence analysis identifies nine prominent thematic clusters, namely, “marketing to service”, “quality, satisfaction and delivery systems”, “service industries”, “relationship marketing”, “service failure, complaining and recovery”, “service dominant logic”, “technology, innovation and design”, “wellbeing” and “service encounters”. Bibliographic coupling analysis groups JSM papers into four clusters, namely, “brand & customer engagement behaviour”, “service co-creation”, “service encounters & service recovery” and “social networking”.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is the first to analyse the thematic structure of JSM themes over its history. The themes are analysed across time periods and then compared to dominant themes identified in contemporary service research agendas. Recommendations are made based on the gaps found. This retrospective review will be useful to numerous key stakeholders including the editorial board and both existing and aspiring JSM contributors. The selection of literature is confined to Scopus.Originality/valueJSM’s retrospection is likely to attract readership to the journal. The study’s recommendations regarding which areas have matured and which are still ripe for future contributions will offer useful guidelines for all stakeholders.

Towards a contemporary research agenda for island branding: developments, challenges, and dynamics

This opinion paper aims at suggesting a research agenda for contemporary place branding by presenting developments, challenges and dynamics of the field based on meta-analysis of relevant literature. It is high time place branding is identified as a significant tool for exercising contemporary public administration. In order to achieve this scope, it is mandatory to advance the theoretical understanding of the field by building on existing knowledge and models like Hankinson’s and by incorporating cross-disciplinary knowledge from other relevant fields. Therefore, in this conceptual paper the authors attempt a critical review of the existing bibliography and professional reports in order to contribute to the creation of a regime of knowledge production, to group some key findings about selected gaps of the field and assess whether such analysis can reveal the need to identify new potential research paths. Building on existing cross-discipline theoretical foundations, adopting a conceptual approach, the authors aim at (a) urging readers—especially practitioners and scholars—to move beyond towards investigating more challenging and intriguing research gaps like the need to examine more alternative research units than cities like island and insular areas and (b) proposing to elaborate more on the relationships between concepts like tourism, sustainable development, place branding and islandness.

Archeologia klasyczna w poszukiwaniu swej tożsamości. Między przeszłością, teraźniejszą a historią sztuki

The article defines classical archaeology as one of the first and oldest branches of archaeology practised in Europe by stressing that interests in the relics of ancient civilisations have been deeply embedded in the cultural self-identification of various peoples of Europe. The author aims to recognize how the modern world values contribute to interpretation and conservation of the classical past, especially Greek art and architecture, alongside other ancient objects, and how the Western elites treated them in the past centuries. The issue of common roots of classical archaeology and history of art as well as their long-lasting relationships are also thoroughly discussed. Discrepancies between major research procedures of classical archaeology and art history are scrutinized, especially in terms of an arguable irrelevance of modern concept of art in relation to archaeological evidence. The role of museums in relation to art and antiquities trade is also raised. Furthermore, the author discusses classical archaeology within broader issues of contemporary archaeology. It is recognized that classical archaeology has certainly changed by resigning from the previously dominant connoisseur knowledge approach to artefacts, concentrated solely on the works of art often seen as autonomous entities devoid of the context of their production, meaning and perception. Finally, the author defines contemporary classical archaeology as a rapidly changing discipline, reformulating its research agenda and opening up to cooperation with numerous other disciplines. Nevertheless, this should not mean a wholesale rejection of its great legacy of being a history of ancient art. On the contrary, this traditions ought to be redefined and incorporated into contemporary research agenda of the discipline.

The soft side of environmentally-sustainable organizations

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to present a discussion on the “soft and human” side of building environmentally sustainable organizations, a flourishing management subfield called “green human resource management” (GHRM), which concerns alignment of people and environmental management objectives of organizations.Design/methodology/approachThe authors reviewed some of the most relevant research results in GHRM.FindingsIn this paper, the authors define GHRM, its workplace-based practices and some recent developments’ evidence on the positive impact of it on firms’ ecological objectives. The authors conclude by detailing a new research agenda in GHRM.Originality/valueThe authors conclude by detailing a new and contemporary research agenda in GHRM.

Fashioning clothing with and for mature women: a small-scale sustainable design business model

PurposeAn ageing population in the developed world has become a significant topic in the contemporary research agenda. The purpose of this paper is to report on the development of a new small-scale business model based on facilitating in-depth understanding and responding to mature female consumers’ needs and expectations towards fashionable clothing.Design/methodology/approachTwo complementary approaches are used: interpretative phenomenological analysis allows the researchers to employ the life-course perspective and to develop in-depth understanding of individuals’ present experiences in relation to their past. Action research offers the possibility to develop participatory, co-design processes based on collective creativity and mutual knowledge exchange between the stakeholders.FindingsThe research finds a strong interest in fashionable clothing by women, irrespective of their age. The action-based co-design process involving collaborative encounters with mature consumers creates a dynamic capability for alternative fashion design methodologies. This approach can contribute to a small-scale fashion business model for the mature women’s fashion market.Practical implicationsThe women in the study stress the need for a more inclusive design process and expressed a willingness to buy from a brand/retailer who would offer them such a collaborative opportunity. There are practical implications for how a more flexible sizing approach to the design of fashion for older women could be implemented.Originality/valueThis research makes a contribution to practice-based design solutions for mature women and a new inclusive business model based on emotional durability. The innovative methodological approach contributes to the field of ethical and sustainable fashion design.

Studying Populism in Comparative Perspective: Reflections on the Contemporary and Future Research Agenda

Academics are increasingly using the concept of populism to make sense of current events such as the Brexit referendum and the Trump presidency. This is certainly a welcome development, but two shortcomings can be observed in the contemporary debate. On one hand, new populism scholars often start from scratch and do not build upon the existing research. On the other hand, those who have been doing comparative research on populism stay in their comfort zone and thus do not try to link their work to other academic fields. In this article, we address these two shortcomings by discussing some of the advantages of the so-called ideational approach to the comparative study of populism and by pointing out four avenues of future research, which are closely related to some of the contributions of this special issue, namely, (a) economic anxiety, (b) cultural backlash, (c) the tension between responsiveness and responsibility, and (d) (negative) partisanship and polarization.

A case for critical realism in the pursuit of interdisciplinarity and impact

In recent years, much social scientific scholarship in sport, exercise and health (SEH) has repudiated (post) positivist research and has instead persuasively argued in favour of qualitative research from constructivist–interpretivist paradigmatic approaches. While this scholarship has enriched the field in numerous ways, this paper contends that constructivist–interpretivist assumptions elicit a modus operandi which is inimical to the accomplishment of two associated contemporary research agendas: interdisciplinarity and impact. In seeking an alternative philosophy of science, the purpose of this paper is to explore how critical realism – meta-theoretical position that has been somewhat absent to date in SEH research – might offer qualitative researchers a new conceptual framework with which greater interdisciplinarity and impact can be achieved. Two main critical realist claims are introduced: (1) the epistemic fallacy can be avoided by adopting a stratified ontology and judgemental rationality, and (2) social science would benefit from seeking causal explanations underpinned by a transformational model of social activity. By de-coupling interpretive epistemologies from constructivist ontologies, it is argued that critical realism permits greater methodological plurality and hence can help transcend persistent paradigmatic boundaries. Indeed, by adopting a realist social ontology and complex, emergent conception of causality, this paper suggests that critical realism permits and encourages impact by asking researchers to focus on explaining the enduring social relations that produce real-world problems. The paper concludes by pointing out the limitations of critical realism and highlighting other ways that interdisciplinarity and impact can similarly be achieved.

ICT of the new wave of computing for sustainable urban forms: Their big data and context-aware augmented typologies and design concepts

Undoubtedly, sustainable development has inspired a generation of scholars and practitioners in different disciplines into a quest for the immense opportunities created by the development of sustainable urban forms for human settlements that will enable built environments to function in a more constructive and efficient way. However, there are still significant challenges that need to be addressed and overcome. The issue of such forms has been problematic and difficult to deal with, particularly in relation to the evaluation and improvement of their contribution to the goals of sustainable development. As it is an urban world where the informational and physical landscapes are increasingly being merged, sustainable urban forms need to embrace and leverage what current and future ICT has to offer as innovative solutions and sophisticated methods so as to thrive—i.e. advance their contribution to sustainability. The need for ICT of the new wave of computing to be embedded in such forms is underpinned by the recognition that urban sustainability applications are deemed of high relevance to the contemporary research agenda of computing and ICT. To unlock and exploit the underlying potential, the field of sustainable urban planning is required to extend its boundaries and broaden its horizons beyond the ambit of the built form of cities to include technological innovation opportunities. This paper explores and substantiates the real potential of ICT of the new wave of computing to evaluate and improve the contribution of sustainable urban forms to the goals of sustainable development. This entails merging big data and context-aware technologies and their applications with the typologies and design concepts of sustainable urban forms to achieve multiple hitherto unrealized goals. In doing so, this paper identifies models of smart sustainable city and their technologies and applications and models of sustainable urban form and their design concepts and typologies. In addition, it addresses the question of how these technologies and applications can be amalgamated with these design concepts and typologies in ways that ultimately evaluate and improve the contribution of sustainable urban forms to the goals of sustainable development. The overall aim of this paper suits a mix of three methodologies: literature review, thematic analysis, and secondary (qualitative) data analysis to achieve different but related objectives. The study identifies four technologies and two classes of applications pertaining to models of smart sustainable city as well as three design concepts and four typologies related to models of sustainable urban form. Finally, this paper proposes a Matrix to help scholars and planners in understanding and analyzing how and to what extent the contribution of sustainable urban forms to sustainability can be improved through ICT of the new wave of computing as to the underlying novel technologies and their applications, as well as a data-centric approach into investigating and evaluating this contribution and a simulation method for strategically optimizing it.

Three tasks for mediatization research: contributions to an open agenda

Based on the interdisciplinary experience of a Swedish research committee, this article discusses critical conceptual issues raised by the current debate on mediatization – a concept that holds great potential to constitute a space for synthesized understandings of media-related social transformations. In contrast to other, more metaphorical constructions, mediatization can be studied empirically in systematic ways through various sub-processes that together provide a complex picture of how culture and everyday life evolve in times of media saturation. The first part of this article argues that mediatization researchers have sometimes formulated too grand claims as to mediatization’s status as a unitary approach, a meta-theory or a paradigm. Such claims have led to problematic confusions around the concept and should be abandoned in favour of a more open agenda. In line with such a call for openness, the second part of the article introduces historicity, specificity and measurability as three transdisciplinary and transparadigmatic tasks for the contemporary mediatization research agenda.

What's in a research agenda? An evaluation of research developments in the arena of skilled international migration

Research on skilled international migration has developed significantly in the last 25 years. This paper reviews progress in understanding the structuring power of transnational companies and international recruitment agencies in shaping global talent flows. It argues that four main strands in the research literature flow from this: work in international human resource management; analysis of the migration-development nexus; studies of city development associated with creative knowledge workers; and cultural geographies of expatriate identities. This paper interprets trends in research on these topics in relation to the wider issue of how some social scientists have become more reflexive about their engagement with research and thus have re-positioned the nature of what is considered to be the contemporary research agenda on skilled migration. This re-positioning is recognised to have strengths but also difficulties from a policy perspective.

‘The Pathos of Conservation’: Raphael Samuel and the politics of heritage

When Raphael Samuel’s Theatres of Memory: Past and Present in Contemporary Culture was published in 1994, it was critically received. Yet, the book has not had the impact of other key works such as Lowenthal’s The Past is a Foreign Country (1985) or Hewison’s The Heritage Industry (1987). A number of factors have contributed to this, such as Theatres essentially being an unfinished project, and ‘heritage’ in the book having multiple personas – the net result being that Samuel’s arguments can at times be hard to pin down. Yet with interest in his approach to heritage now growing, this article seeks to unravel Samuel’s core ideas and arguments pertaining to heritage, and to give an historical background to their evolution. With the central tenets of Samuel’s argument essentially being a case for the democratisation of heritage; the validity of what we might today call ‘unofficial’ narratives and discourses; and to challenge the dominant view that heritage was ultimately history’s poor cousin, I argue that Samuel’s ideas have much to offer contemporary research agendas in heritage.

Gender, risk and finance: why can't a woman be more like a man?

Whilst acknowledging that the influence of gender upon women's business ownership is now included as a legitimate addition to the contemporary entrepreneurship research agenda, we question the assumptions which frame this inclusion. We argue that whilst the masculinity of the entrepreneurial discourse has been recognized, this has promoted an almost exclusive focus upon women as the cipher for and personification of the gendered subject. Using explorations of risk and business finance in the context of entrepreneurship, we demonstrate how this presumption ascribes women a discrete but generic theoretical and empirical status associated with weakness and lack. Drawing upon a feminist stance, we suggest that the framing of this contemporary critique, rather than addressing the gender blindness endemic within entrepreneurship, actually generates ontological biases and associated epistemological limitations which perpetuate female disadvantage. These, in turn, constrain the theoretical and empirical reach of the broader field of entrepreneurship research.

European Theatre and Performance Studies

European Theatre and Performance Studies Christopher Balme I am writing this editorial in the immediate aftermath of attending a planning meeting of the newly formed but not yet officially registered organisation EASTAP (European Association for the Study of Theatre and Performance). The idea for the new organisation was born out of both political and academic ‘shocks’ according to the driving force behind it, Josette Féral, currently professor of theatre studies at Paris 3 and before that head of the theatre department at the Université du Québec à Montréal. She is also a former president of IFTR. The political shock was Brexit, the academic one a recommendation by a European-trained but US-based academic that a leading graduate school in the US for theatre studies should abolish its foreign-language requirements. This ‘call’ for disciplinary monolingualism masks another more pervasive disciplinary one where the linguistic dominance acts as a vehicle for mainly US trends being transported as the dominant intellectual ones. European theatre studies because of its linguistic multiplicity also feature a richness of perspectives and intellectual traditions that threaten to be obscured. Féral’s initial call generated a remarkable response from across the continent and the UK (there are currently 400 registrations) and in the course of two initial meetings various task forces have been formed to hammer out a constitution, establish a journal and perform all the other tasks necessary for such an undertaking. This work is still in progress but will hopefully culminate in a first conference this autumn in Paris. This initiative poses questions of a very fundamental nature regarding our discipline. The inexorable march towards English as the only ‘acceptable’ academic language for publication is a widely debated and highly controversial topic. Where English is concerned, pragmatism tends to rule (the meeting I attended was conducted in English although I was one of only three native speakers in attendance). The more interesting question concerns disciplinary multilingualism. Although I would be hard put to identify a particular German understanding of theatre studies (Theaterwissenschaft) which is not hopelessly out of date, this is not necessarily the case in other European countries. The Italian representative at the meeting insisted – and I think rightly so – that historiography is at the centre of the discipline there (although a few fringe elements may indulge in performance studies). A conference topic that only privileges contemporary performance would effectively exclude research perspectives from a whole country. From a German perspective it would probably be the opposite. Despite outside perceptions that German Theaterwissenschaft is indebted to the historiography of Max Herrmann, his research into mediaeval and Renaissance theatre finds little resonance in contemporary curricula and research agendas. The recent conference of the Gesellschaft für Theaterwissenschaft on ‘Kritik/criticism’ was almost exclusively contemporaneous in its papers. The historical/contemporary divide is certainly one of the divisions running through our discipline but it does not appear to map exactly onto European cultural geography. In Poland for example there are strong ‘fortresses’ of historical research [End Page 103] and at the same time ‘progressive’ centres devoted to performance studies. France seems to be split somewhere down the middle, a division often going through whole departments. If Europe defines itself in terms of its cultural heritage (which most EU propaganda does relentlessly), then where does this position European theatre and performance studies within the global map? The famous immediacy of the theatrical event suggests a clear privileging of the contemporary (the scholar has direct access to the object of research), but cultural politics would seem to push us in a different direction. Respect for languages and cultural traditions is a central tenant of the European Union (all official documents are translated into all languages), and I am sure that the projected new association will endeavour to accommodate this multiplicity as best it can. But as an academic discipline engaged hopefully in proverbial ‘cutting-edge’ research, it would be counter-productive to define research trajectories along national-cultural boundaries. Otherwise we run the risk of foregrounding cultural specificity over theoretical and methodological perspectives. This would be a repeat of the mistake that IFTR fell into in its early meetings in the 1960 s and 1970...

Perspectives from the Common Ground

Perspectives from the Common Ground

Franchising Research Frontiers for the Twenty-First Century

About four decades ago, during the formative years of the franchising industry, visionary authors like Oxenfeldt and Kelly (1968) and Ozanne and Hunt (1971) proposed a rich slate of research agenda which still continues to guide some of the contemporary scholarship in the franchising domain. This article (1) explicates some of the unique features of the franchising context that presumably inspired these pioneering authors, (2) discusses four established elements of ontology unique to franchising and isolates the remaining research gaps therein, (3) specifies a new slate of more contemporary research agenda for future scholarship, and (4) concludes with a brief discussion of the ten articles featured in this Special Issue of the Journal of Retailing dedicated to the theme of Franchising and Retailing.