Consumption Purpose Research Articles

Influence of Selected Soil Properties on Groundwater Flow around Ariaria Dumpsite, Aba, Southeast, Nigeria

A study on the analysis of soil and groundwater characteristics due to municipal waste is indispensable to the sustenance of the environment and human health. This study is to evaluate the “Influence of selected Soil properties on groundwater flow around Ariaria dumpsite, Aba Southeast, Nigeria using Particle Size Analysis and Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) configurationˮ. The sieve analysis shows that the soil samples collected consist of 11.95% of Silt, 83.62% of Sand and 4.42% of little Gravel. The mean permeability of the study area ranges from 0.19 (cm/sec) to 0.49 (cm/sec), the mean infiltration rate ranges from 6840mm/hr to 31320mm/hr. The Longitudinal conductance and Transmissivity values range from 0.0060 to 0.0284Ω-1 and 3.8165 to 16.85892/day. The values of longitudinal conductance and transmissivity indicates that the aquifer has poor protection capacity rating and its classification of well is from very low potential to low potential. The soil samples of the study area are well sorted and the movement of leachate from the dumpsite into the subsurface is very fast because the Permeability (K) is good, Coefficient of uniformity (Cu) and Coefficient of curvature classified the soil samples collected from the area as well graded soil. From the geophysical survey (VES) results, the groundwater depths (upper and lower aquifers) within the study area ranges from 30m (98ft) to 60m (197ft) at average depth of 45m(147ft). The curve types are AHA, HKA and AKA. The SWL of the study area ranges from 12m to 19m deep. The recommend drill depth to groundwater of is 50m (164) for domestic and consumption purpose.

Telaah filosofis tentang keadilan kontributif dan Martabat kerja manusia serta implikasinya bagi Paradigma ekonomi

<p>Abstract This article aims to present the limitations of distributive justice theory as a conceptual foundation of the paradigm of the growth and prosperity in economy, and then proposing the idea of contributive justice and the dignity of human work as a new economic paradigm. Why is contributive justice important, and what is its relevance in the discourse of economic paradigm? By using the method of literature study and critical analysis, this article indicates that the idea of contributive justice is essential to overcome the lack of distributive justice. The distributive justice fails to understand that human labour is not only economic. Human labor is not just an instrument for consumption purpose. Human labour is essentially social and cultural. Based on the very idea of contributive justice, human labour is a source of individual self-social esteem, the way of contributing for common good and winning the social recognition from the society. Amid the global economic competition that intensifies the social and economic inequality, contributive justice offers the idea of dignity of human work as a new paradigm of economy. This article concludes that economic efforts in the 21st century, both in the global and in Indonesia, must consider<br />the dignity and value of human work.</p><p><br />Key Words : Distributive justice; contributive justice; economy; the dignity of human work.</p>

Which Type of Energy Consumption is Effective on Economic Growth? Industry or Residential? The Case of Nuts-2 Regions in Turkiye

This study aims to determine the causal relationship between energy consumption and growth at the regional level, considering energy use's production and consumption purpose. In this direction, the relationship between industrial and residential electricity consumption and economic growth in Turkey has been tested for 26 regions and the period 2007-2020 by the Kónya Bootstrap Panel Causality Approach. According to the analysis results, while 11 areas support the growth hypothesis in terms of industrial electricity consumption, only one shows a bidirectional relationship; that is, it gives results by the feedback hypothesis. Five regions support the growth hypothesis regarding residential electricity consumption, and only two show a bidirectional relationship. In addition, four areas that do not offer a bidirectional relationship have findings that support the conservation hypothesis. According to the results, using energy as an input in final consumption or production may cause different regional effects on growth. Considering these relations, especially when choosing regional development and energy policies, will bring the right results specific to the regions. In addition, the absence of a causal relationship between electricity consumption and growth in many of the 26 areas examined indicates regional problems in the efficient use of resources.

The marriage consumption puzzle—evidence from China

ABSTRACT Marriage, as the most crucial event in one’s lifetime, not only has a significant effect on one’s future consumer preferences but also changes one’s consumer decisions. This paper addresses how individuals change their expenditure when the marital status changes, three models are developed to explore this issue based on the equilibrium of current consumption and consumption purpose with the consideration of income growth, expenditure on public goods and mating competitiveness for males and females. By selecting the married group in the panel data of China Family Panel Studies between 2016 and 2018, we use the propensity score to match all the married individuals during the 2 years and search a control group for each of them and, in addition, use the difference-in-differences (DID) method to examine the effects of marriage on individuals’ personal and public consumption. Benefiting to the model fitting the data relatively well, the results show that individual’s expenditure raises by 24% when married, with highly increasing items in public goods. At last, males cost 11.4% more than females after their marriage.

The Effect of Content on Zapping in TV Advertising

Consumers who are uninterested in or annoyed by a TV ad may avoid the ad, limiting the effectiveness of not only the ad but also the remaining commercial break. Active avoidance of ads by changing the channel—known as “zapping”—is potentially a major concern for both advertisers and broadcasters. In two studies, the authors investigate whether and why ad content drives or mitigates zapping and develop a conceptual framework linking multiple content factors to psychological reactions that then affect zapping. They test the content–zapping relationship by drawing on a data set reflecting the zapping behavior of over 2,500 German television viewers combined with advertising data and content information for 1,315 spots representing 308 brands from 96 categories. The results of the first study show that ad creativity is associated with less zapping, whereas a strong information focus and a prominent or early integration of branding elements are associated with more zapping. The findings also reveal that the effects differ significantly for products with a utilitarian (vs. hedonic) consumption purpose and for search (vs. experience) goods. The results of the second study show that irritation (determined by feeling, e.g., annoyed, offended, or overwhelmed), relative to enjoyment, acts as the central mechanism in explaining why ad content affects zapping.

Access and Repayment of Institutional Agricultural Credit by Farmers in Tribal Areas of Odisha: Trends, Determinants and Policy Measures

Agricultural credit is the most significant factor in the Indian agricultural sector. The paper discusses the access of institutional credit to agriculture, and helps understand the challenges faced by the tribal farmers to obtain agricultural credit, and the determinants of institutional agricultural credit at households’ (HHs) level in the backward region of Odi:sha. The study used primary data collected from 475 farm tribal HHs of Kalahandi, Bolangiri and Koraput (KBK) districts in Odisha. The study found that increasing agricultural credit is greater in indirect finance than direct finance; in the same manner, a greater amount of credit is disbursed for the short term than the long term. Collateral issues, less awareness due to less education among farmers, low density of financial institutions in village areas, lack of finance as per demand, diversifying the loans from productive purpose to consumption purpose, and non-repayment of loan due to crop loss are different constraints faced by the farmers in Odisha.

The effect of blind box product uncertainty on consumers' purchase intention: The mediating role of perceived value and the moderating role of purchase intention.

As the younger generation, who like to pursue novelty and excitement, becomes the main consumer and the traditional consumption culture changes in China, the blind box has become a popular product among young people with its uncertain characteristics. Previous studies have mainly explored the role of uncertainty in promotion, while this paper focuses on the role of uncertainty in daily sales of blind box products. Based on the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) theory, this paper conducted an online questionnaire survey and an empirical analysis in China, which examined the mechanism of the positive impact of uncertainty and the moderating effect of consumption purpose. The results show that uncertainty affects consumers’ purchase intention mainly through affecting their emotional value, which is one dimension of perceived value; consumer purpose also moderates the effect of uncertainty on perceived value, and the effect of perceived value on purchase intention. The results of this study are not only of great significance for understanding the uncertain marketing and blind box products, but also have management implications for enterprises to make use of the uncertain marketing.

Influence of the Total Consumption of Households on Municipal Waste Quantity in Romania

Sustainable development is a worldwide concern. This paper presents an analysis of the influence of the final consumption expenditure on the total consumption of households in Romania. The regression function of the association between “the amount of municipal waste” and “the total consumption of households” has a direct linear relationship. The regression variable “total household consumption” (X) has a regression coefficient of −0.03031, which indicates that the amount of municipal waste decreases by one unit as household consumption increases by 30.31 units. Therefore, this regression coefficient indicates that the volume of municipal waste decreases by 30.31 tons to an increase in the final consumption expenditure of households of EUR 1 million. The influence of the final consumption expenditure of households by consumption purpose on the quantity of municipal waste is in the following order: health; housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels; clothing and footwear; miscellaneous goods and services; recreation and culture; food and non-alcoholic goods; restaurants and hotels; furnishing and household equipment and routine household maintenance; alcoholic and tobacco goods; communications; and education. The value of the Significance F must be less than 0.05. In the case of the model, it is found that this value exceeds the threshold of 0.05 in the case of consumption generated by health services, recreation and culture, restaurants and hotels, alcohol and tobacco goods, and communications. Regarding the high value of Significance F in relation to consumption, we find the sectors that generate the least amount of waste (services). In the case of all of the independent variables, we can note that the relationship is a negative one, which proves that an increase in the quantity of any expenditure of the households generates a decrease of the municipal waste quantity.

Research on the Purchase Intention and Influencing Factors of Brand ecological Agricultural Products

Branding ecological agricultural products can not only meet consumers' demand for high-quality agricultural products, but also an effective way to promote agricultural and rural economic development and achieve sustainable utilization of resources. First, analyze the development and consumption status of brand ecological agricultural products. Secondly, through the analysis of the product cognition, product quality, brand building and consumer purchase intention of the brand ecological agricultural products. Then it is found that: consumer income level, education level, price of brand ecological agricultural products and consumer awareness are important influencing factors of consumers' purchase intention, and the growth environment, cultural background and packaging of agricultural products themselves also have different degrees of influence; Nearly half of consumers maintain a trusting attitude towards all links of the whole industrial chain of branded ecological agricultural products; consumers' purchase intention and decision-making behavior of branded ecological agricultural products are influenced by their family's healthy consumption purpose, purchase channels and information sources. Finally, it is suggested to strengthen the cultivation of brand ecological agricultural products; formulate personalized marketing strategies; carry out various publicity activities to improve consumer awareness; strengthen market supervision; strictly control product quality; reduce production costs to meet public needs.

Fatty Acid Profile of Atlantic Horse Mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) oil Obtained using Different Extraction Methods

The effect of three extraction methods which include soxhlet, gas and charcoal powered smoking kiln on extraction of oil from Trachurus trachurus were investigated. Chemical analyses of the oil was carried out to determine its quantity and quality in terms of fatty acid composition by using standard laboratory methods. The results obtained indicated that the highest oil yield (14.0%) was recorded in oil extracted with soxhlet method, while the lowest (0.93%) in oil extracted with charcoal powered kiln extraction method. Based on the fatty acid profile of the oils, there are sixteen fatty acids in all the extraction methods with stearic acid (53.62%) as the highest saturated fatty acid (SFA); oleic acid (7.05%) as the foremost monounsaturated (MUFA) and linolenic acid (23.31%) as the major polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). The Soxhlet methods consistently recorded the highest oil yield, and can be used to extract oil for industrial use. While, the gas powered kiln can be used to extract oil for consumption purpose.

Remittance and Inflation Nexus in Bangladesh: Application of Dynamic ARDL Model with Linear Trend

Remittance is one of the major sources of financial inclusion in Bangladesh. The contribution of remittance to the economy gradually increases with respect to time. The current study investigates the nexus between remittance and inflation by considering data from 1975 to 2019. The results of the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) unit root indicate the variables are stationary at mixed order like as I(0) and I(1). Through the ADF test, this study conducts a dynamic autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with considering the linear trend. The remittance has a significant and positive impact to raise inflation in the short run but is insignificant in the long run. The estimation found the speed of adjustment, Error correction term (ECT) is 69% and bound testing criteria indicate the long-run association among the variable. This investigation also concludes that the exchange rate has a positive impact on inflation where the real exchange rate has no positive impact to raise inflation in Bangladesh. The empirical findings suggest the productive and safe investment rathe expense in consumption purpose due to reducing the consequence of remittance inflows on inflation in Bangladesh.

A Study on Consumer WTP and Respondent’s Income Wise Consumption Pattern for Khandsari Sugar in Coimbatore City of Tamil Nadu

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is one of the most important commercial crops of the tropics. It is the main source of sugar in the world. Jaggery (Gur) and Khandsari sugar are a traditional product of sugarcane which is the natural mixture of sugar and molasses. Jaggery and Khandsari are found to be a major agro-processing industry in rural sector. Today’s scenario people were shifting towards the consumption of khandsari sugar due to various reasons. Hence this study was carried out with consumer willingness to pay towards the price of khandsari sugar and their consumption wise pattern through their income. Convenience sampling was adopted and collected the information from 120 respondents of Coimbatore city as divided of five zones. Primary data was collected through well-structured interview schedule and Chi-square test, Multiple regression analysis were carried out to analyse the study. The outcomes of the study revealed that income was significantly associated with consumption usage, purchasing frequency, purchasing quantity and consumption purpose. Also age, educational status and monthly income influenced the consumer to pay more for khandsari sugar.
 Aim: The purpose of the study was to find the consumer consumption pattern and their willingness to pay towards the purchase of khandsari sugar. Here, income was analysed with consumption pattern in Coimbatore city of Tamil Nadu.
 Design of study and Methodology: The study was limited to Coimbatore city of Tamil Nadu with the sample of 120 respondents. The city was categorised into five zones such as south, north, central, east and west. The sampling method adopted here was convenience sampling. The data were collected through well-structured interview schedule and information was collected the people who purchased khandsari sugar. Chi-square test was used to analyse the consumption pattern of khandsari sugar whereas for consumer willingness to pay regression analysis was use.
 Findings:
 
 Income status of the sample respondents showed that average income peoples preferred to purchase khandsari sugar and were medium sized families.
 The consumption usage of khandsari sugar by the sample respondents revealed that, income was the main factor which influenced to consume more khandsari sugar
 Consumer willingness to pay for khandsari sugar resulted that, the maximum chance of consumer willingness to pay for purchase of khandsari sugar was family type and the minimum chance of consumer willingness to pay for purchase of khandsari sugar was family size.

Quality assessment of water used for human consumption and irrigation purpose in parts of Tafna watershed (NW Algeria)

Quality assessment of water used for human consumption and irrigation purpose in parts of Tafna watershed (NW Algeria)

PRIVATE CONSUMPTION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY

The aim of this paper is to study consumption of households from an economic and cultural perspective in the European Union with 28 Member States during the period 2010-2019. For this purpose, we compared the Eastern European countries, dominated by rapid economic growth and development with the Western European countries, which represent the most developed countries in the EU-28. From this perspective, we proposed a multidimensional analysis of consumption that includes macroeconomic indicators of households’ wealth, which strongly influence their consumption together with an overview on expenditure by consumption purpose. Moreover, we have also considered Hofstede’s cultural dimension theory based initially on four cultural dimensions (power distance, individualism versus collectivism, masculinity versus femininity, and uncertainty avoidance) to observe the impact national culture plays on households’ consumption in Eastern and Western European countries tracking the historical changes of these countries. Our methodological approach consisted in descriptive and inferential statistics based on the selected economic and cultural indicators. Pearson’s product-moment correlations were calculated to assess the correlations between the variables. Our analysis shows that the level of wealth is lower in Eastern European countries compared to Western Europe, which influences significantly the private consumption in these countries. Moreover, the systematic differences of national culture between Eastern and Western Europe influence strongly the private consumption of their population. Results of this paper indicate that in Eastern European countries the highest share of expenditure is allocated to primary needs such as food, non-alcoholic beverages, alcoholic beverages and cigarettes to the detriment of health, education, recreation and culture.

MESINIAGA TOWER

Mesiniaga Tower is one of first generation buildings design for low energy consumption purpose. The building itself was completed in 1992 and was designed by Ken Yeang, an architect whose concern is to create a better performance of a building without having to increase its cost of operation. It is located in Malaysia, South East Asia, where the tropical climate has heat and humidity almost the same throughout the year. The concept of the building is bioclimatic design with the original concept of fully natural ventilation, but later the conventional cooling system was added. The architect’s idea is a tube shaped building with multiple terraces and openable windows to provide more wind and humidity in order to have a comfortable thermal condition. However these ideas lead to the problem of increasing yearly energy consumption. This paper then suggest the possible design strategies to improve the thermal comfort of Mesiniaga Tower as well as lower its annual cost such as radiative cooling, night cooling, ground cooling and passive downdraught evaporated cooling. The radiative cooling then gives the building of 8% cooling potential.

Effect of Planting Density and Integrated Nutrient Management in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Background: Sesamum indicum L. is a tropical and subtropical plant cultivated for seed purpose, which yields about 50% high quality edible oil with 65% of the seeds being used for oil extraction and 35% for consumption purpose. The seeds have outstanding amounts of oil and consists of extensive root system that makes it very tolerant of drought.Methods: A field experiment entitled “Effect of planting density and Integrated Nutrient Management in sesame” was carried out at the Agronomy Research Farm of School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development, Nagaland University, Medziphema campus, during Kharif season of 2017-18. Nine treatment combinations consisting of three level of planting density i.e., T1- (20cm x 10cm), T2 (30cm x 10cm) and T3 (40cm x 10cm) along with three levels of nutrient management practices i.e., N1 (100% RDF), N2 (75% RDF + 25% FYM) and N3 (75% RDF + 25% poultry manure) were tried in factorial randomized block design with three replications. Conclusion: Among the different planting density and nutrient management practices, combined effect of 20cm x 10cm planting density with 75% RDF + 25% FYM nutrient recorded highest growth attributes viz., plant height (cm), number of leaves plant-1, number of branches plant-1 and yield attributes viz., number of capsules plant-1, seed yield (kg ha-1) and stover yield (kg ha-1). However, the highest net return (₹16687.66) and B:C ratio (1.13) was obtained from the treatment combination of 40cm x 10cm planting density along with combination of 75% RDF + 25% poultry manure. Hence, the combined application of manures with inorganic source of nutrients with reduced planting density recorded higher growth and yield attributes thereby resulting higher economic return than the application of RDF alone.

Mapping development and welfare schemes with SDGs in a village in India, ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad-500059, India, Pp.24.

The paper examined the various development and social welfare schemes implemented in a village in India and mapping them to the Sustanable Development Goals (SDGs) to see whether these schemes are helping in achieve the SDG goals. This paper examines the actual benefits accrued to the households in a village and how they have utilized the schemes. The paper assessed share of households benefited and the extent of benefit from each scheme and also at the aggregate level. The research is conducted in Emped village of Telangana state of India by collecting information from all 287 households to get a holistic picture in year 2017. Although more than 50 schemes were implemented in the village, about 29 were active. The study examines 29 schemes from which, at least one household got benefited. The average aggregate benefit from all government schemes is about Rupees 58,095 per household. Some schemes benefit large farmers and pro-rich, while others were pro-poor. Majority of the households benefited from schemes like the Public Distribution System (PDS), direct benefit transfer based on agricultural land, MGNREGA, loan waiver, seed and fertilizer subsidy, mid-day-meal scheme but only a modest amount. But very few are benefited from the double-bed room housing scheme, the Chief Minister Relief Fund in huge sums. Schemes addressed to women like the KCR Kits (assistance to pregnant women) and Shadi Mubarak(marriage assistance) were effective. Overall, these schemes help to achieve different targets of the SDGs but need more focus on identification of target beneficiary, reduction of leakages and inordinate delays in implementation. Overall, there is inverted U shape relationship exists between household income and total benefits received, while a positive relationship exists between landholding and benefits from the government schemes. Most of the assistance recived from agricultural development schemes are spent on intended purpose, whereas welfare schemes were spent on consumption purpose.

Mid storage seed hardening: a mechanical method to maintain seed viability during long term jute seed preservation

Seed plays an important role in agricultural sector for both production and consumption purpose. Availability of vigour seed is one of the major constraints for maximizing crop production. However, healthy seed can also lose its viability during seed storage by changing different physio-chemical properties. Influence of environmental factors and seed containers during storage leading to seed deterioration. In this research, mid storage seed hardening treatment was applied in different aged seeds of jute species (C. Capsularis & C. olitorius) with two types of storage bags. Seed hardening treatment showed the less moisture content with better germination percentage compared to the untreated species of jute seeds. Seed packing in polythene bags during both short and long term seed storages had higher viable seeds compared to the cloth packing seeds. The effect of seed hardening treatment on seed oil content and pattern of oil degradation is distinct in early period of storage. The faster rate of oil degradation, soluble protein and free amino acids was found in seeds of un-treated stored seeds in cloth bag. Contrary, very slow rate of oil degradation was observed in harden seed and stored in polythene bag which indicated better storability of harden seeds.

Fish of choice- An analytical hierarchy process to determine fish consumption in West Bengal

The factors affecting consumers’ decision in selecting most preferredfish species for consumption in Kolkata, West Bengal was explored based on the survey of 250 households, 125 each sourcing the household fish purchase from the traditional fish markets and modern retail outlets for consumption purpose. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to determine the criteria that influenced choice of most desired fish. Based on the concept of pairwise comparison, the results revealed that choice of fish was influenced by price of fish (9.38 percent), fish quality (58.51 percent) and taste preference (32.12 percent) in the traditional fish market, whereas in modern retail market, choice of fish depended upon price (9.29percent), quality (61.22 percent) and taste (29.50 percent). Considering these criteria, the most desired type of fish based on price was hilsa (44.64 percent) in traditional fish market while in modern retail market, it was rohu (53.25percent). Considering the quality, most preferred fish was hilsa (45.14 and 59.55 percent) in traditional and modern retail markets respectively. Based on taste, the most preferred fish was hilsa (52.12 and 59.01 percent) in both the markets. This paper describedthechoice of preferred fish for consumption based on several identified criteria and served as a guide to both the buyers and sellers of fish and fish products to produce products of desired quality, with a good price in a hygienic condition.

Socio-Economic Importance of Honey among Traditional Healers and Orthodox Practitioners in Iwo Local Government Area of Osun State, Nigeria

The necessity for people’s adequate and quality as well as good health and standard of living for overall National development informed the main reason for the study on Socio-economic importance of honey among traditional healers and orthodox medical practitioners in Iwo Local Government Area, Osun State. A total of 105questionnaires wereadministered, while 91 were retrieved from the respondents. Various uses of honey were investigated both for personal consumption and medicinal purpose. The result shows that 41.8 % of the respondent use honey for multiple purpose, while 35.2% use honey mainly for medicinal purpose, 16.5% use it mainly as beverages, while the remaining 6.6% for use in treatments. The Chi Square Test showed a higher calculated value of 385.71 than the tabulated value of 21.026. This confirms a strong relationship between the use of honey and social life of Iwo people. The major constraints discovered was that Traditional healers do not exercise strict control on the quantity doses of honey used for different ailments. It is therefore recommended that both rural and urban dwellers should be sensitized about the use of honey, in order to encourage sustainable consumption for improvement of health status.
 Keywords: Medicinal, orthodox, traditional, honey