Consumption Of Different Kinds Research Articles

English

Seafood is an essential part of nutrient acquisition and is considered a staple food in areas located nearby water bodies. The potential pathogens associated with seafood consumption are often neglected to make foodborne zoonosis more likely to occur. Anisakiasis resulting from infected nematodes Anisakis has worldwide distribution including developing continents like Asia (China, Japan, Korea and Bangladesh) and some developed areas like the Netherlands and the United States. Despite a global burden of morbidities and fatalities, Anisakiasis remains a neglected zoonotic disease. The intensity and distribution of disease rise owing to the consumption of different kinds of raw or improperly cooked seafood like sushi etc. There is no proper treatment for Anisakiasis owing to the delays in reaching out for medical opinions. Keeping in view the gaps in Anisakiasis research and surveillance, we should improve the treatment with medicine, surgery, and essential oil and curtail the transmission of diseases from parasites to humans. There are gaps in the existing information on the epidemiological significance of the so far known species of Anisakis, both in their natural and accidental host-like human population worldwide. This review signifies the importance of awareness, knowledge of Anisakiasis among humans and animals from a global viewpoint. A holistic approach by thorough assessment of the rapidly spreading disease Anisakiasis in natural and accidental hosts as well as in marine ecosystems is required to prevent morbidities and mortalities in humans

Design of a Solid-State Circuit Breaker for a DC Grid-Based Vessel Power System

Electric propulsion and integrated hybrid power systems can improve the energy efficiency and fuel consumption of different kinds of vessels. If the vessel power system is based on DC grid distribution, some benefits such as higher generator efficiency and lower volume and cost can be achieved. However, some challenges remain in terms of protection devices for this kind of DC grid-based power system. The absence of natural zero crossing in the DC current together with the fast and programmable breaking times required make it challenging. There are several papers related to DC breaker topologies and their role in DC grids; however, it is not easy to find comprehensive information about the design process of the DC breaker itself. In this paper, the basis for the design of a DC solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) for low voltage vessel DC grids is presented. The proposed SSCB full-scale prototype detects and opens the fault in less than 3 µs. This paper includes theoretical analyses, design guidelines, modeling and simulation, and experimental results.

Relationship between erosive tooth wear and beverage consumption among a group of schoolchildren in Mexico City.

To assess the association between erosive tooth wear (ETW) and consumption of different kinds of beverages in a group of schoolchildren 11-14years old in Mexico City. Cross-sectional study in a sample of students (n = 512) in Mexico City. The Basic Erosive Wear Examination (BEWE) was used to quantify ETW. Beverage consumption (BC) was determined using a frequency questionnaire; beverages included pure water, natural fruit juices, milk, hot beverages, and soft drinks. Ordinal logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between the presence of ETW and BC. In total, 45.7% of the schoolchildren showed an initial loss of surface texture (BEWE = 1) and 18.2% a distinct defect involving loss of dental tissue (BEWE ≥ 2) in at least one tooth. For each glass (350ml) of milk/week, the odds of not having erosive wear (BEWE = 0) versus having an initial loss of surface texture (BEWE = 1) or of having an initial loss of surface texture versus the presence of a defect involving the loss of dental tissue (BEWE ≥ 2) decreased 4% (OR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.99, p = 0.008); for each portion of sweet carbonated beverage consumed (350ml), the odds increased 3% (OR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.001-1.07, p = 0.046). The intake of milk and milk-based products could be a dietary means of helping prevent ETW, especially if their consumption could replace sweet carbonated drink consumption. Knowing the impact of beverage consumption on ETW helps to provide suitable recommendations for the prevention and control of ETW in order to promote tooth longevity.

Association Between Consumption of Red and Processed Meatand Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

The relationship between consumption of red and processed meat and pancreatic cancer risk is inconclusive. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze this relationship. We performed a systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE, and the Web of Science to identify studies that examined associations between consumption of different kinds of meat with pancreatic cancer and were published through February 2016. By using data from these articles, we associated level of consumption with cancer risk and performed subgroup, meta-regression, and publication bias analyses. We collected and analyzed data from a total of 28 studies that involved 3,143,777 participants (11,325 consumers of red meat) and 2,904,866 participants (9955 consumers of processed meat). We observed statistically significant differences between consumers and non-consumers of these meats in case-control studies (red meat, P= .02; processed meat, P < .01) but not in cohort studies (red meat, P= .09; processed meat, P= .18). In cohort studies, a 100 g/day increase in red meat consumption was associated with significant increase in risk of pancreatic cancer (P= .01); a 50 g/day increase in processed meat consumption was not associated with significant increase in risk of pancreatic cancer (P= .90). In cohort studies, we observed associations in consumption of red meat by men and pancreatic cancer (P < .01) and consumption of processed meat by men and pancreatic cancer (P < .01) but no associations for women (redmeat, P= .61; processed meat, P= .88). In a systematic review and meta-analysis, we found case-control but not cohort studies to associate consumption of red and processed meat with risk of pancreatic cancer. However, in cohort studies, consumption of red and processed meat appeared to increase risk of pancreatic cancer in men but not in women.

Highly-resolved modeling of personal transportation energy consumption in the United States

This paper centers on the estimation of the total primary energy consumption for personal transportation in the United States, to include gasoline and/or electricity consumption, depending on vehicle type. The bottom-up sector-based estimation method introduced here contributes to a computational tool under development at The Ohio State University for assisting decision making in energy policy, pricing, and investment.In order to simulate highly-resolved consumption profiles three main modeling steps are needed: modeling the behavior of drivers, generating realistic driving profiles, and simulating energy consumption of different kinds of vehicles.The modeling proposed allows for evaluating the impact of plug-in electric vehicles on the electric grid – especially at the distribution level. It can serve as a tool to compare different vehicle types and assist policy-makers in estimating their impact on primary energy consumption and the role transportation can play to reduce oil dependency.

Associations between the consumption of different kinds of seafood and out-of-hospital cardiac arrests of cardiac origin in Japan

BackgroundProspective cohort studies have shown that seafood consumption is inversely related to fatal coronary heart disease, sudden cardiac death and stroke. We studied whether the kind of seafood consumed in addition to seafood consumption per se is associated with out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) of cardiac origin. Methods and resultsWe compared the average consumption of different kinds of seafood and other risk factors to the average incidence of age-adjusted OHCA (660,672 cases of OHCA: 55.2% of cardiac origin and 44.8% of non-cardiac origin) between 2005 and 2010 in the 47 prefectures of Japan. There were many significant correlations between the incidence of age-adjusted OHCA of cardiac origin (ad-OHCA-CO) and the consumption of many kinds of seafood, but not the total consumption of seafood. The consumption of horse mackerel (r=−0.568, p<0.0001) and saury (r=0.607, p<0.0001) showed the highest negative and positive correlations, respectively, with the age-adjusted incidence of ad-OHCA-CO. ConclusionsIn Japan, the consumption of different kinds of seafood may be an important factor in OHCA of cardiac origin. Thus, dietary habits with regard to seafood may play a role in OHCA of cardiac origin, however, the question of whether to eat fish in general or instead to eat certain kinds of fish is still unclear.

1711 – Addiction among young moroccan students of a vocational training institute

The internship system of some institutes and adolescence period could constitute a favorable medium to develop addiction behaviors among students. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of addicted students of an Institute of the vocational training in city of Mohammedia (North-West of Morocco) and the kind of substances used in this addiction. An epidemiological study is conducted among 460 students of this institute. These students aged from 18 to 26 years, are individually questioned about their consumption of different kinds of drugs. The obtained results show that only 100 boys speak freely of their consumption of drugs and/or alcohol and only 6 girls confess to be smokers (tobacco) including 2 consumers of drugs. Indeed, the drug most commonly used is cannabis rolled into cigarettes (Hashish). These drugs are used regularly at least once a day and especially at night before bed to facilitate sleep. The kinds of substances used depend also on socio-economic level of students; the students from rich families consume up to 12 joints a day against some puffs of joint shared by many consumers for poor students. In addition, the poor students consume some local preparation called “maajoune” or “cala”. Alcohol consumption is casual during weekends or ceremonies. This study is an preliminary investigation that lighted the problem of addiction among students in this vocational training institute. So, deeper researches must be done in order to determine the factors causing and/or influencing this kind of pathologic behavior.

Food web structure of deep-sea macrozooplankton and micronekton off the Catalan slope: Insight from stable isotopes

Food web structure of the macroplankton/micronekton fauna on the continental slope of the Catalan Sea (Balearic basin, NW Mediterranean) was investigated using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope tracers on a total of 34 taxa. Samples were collected close to Barcelona, Spain, on the middle slope, at a seasonal scale. Mean δ 13C values ranged from − 22.1‰ ( Salpa maxima) to − 16.9‰ (the mysid Eucopia hanseni). Values of δ 15N ranged from 2.5‰ (the hyperiid Vibilia armata) to 9.8‰ (the pelagic polychaete Tomopteris sp.). The stable isotope ratios of this fauna displayed a continuum of values over the δ 15N range of 7‰, confirming a wide spectrum of feeding strategies (from filter feeders to predators). High annual mean δ 15N values were found among carnivorous large zooplankton and micronekton, including species that prey on gelatinous plankton (i.e. salps, siphonophores), euphausiids, natantian decapod crustaceans and fish (i.e. myctophids and stomiiformes). In agreement with the available information on diets of planktonic taxa, the lowest isotope ratios were found for filter feeders ( V. armata, S. maxima, the pteropods Cymbulia peroni and Cavolinia inflexa, ostracods and the thaliacean Pyrosoma atlanticum), all of which feed on particulate organic matter. We found three trophic levels in macroplankton/micronekton food webs based on a 15N-enrichment factor of ~ 2.5‰ per level. The range of δ 13C was particularly wide among carnivores (− 20.7‰ to − 16.6‰), suggesting predation on a variety of prey from gelatinous zooplankton (which displayed more depleted δ 13C signatures) to small fishes and decapods. Correlation between δ 13C–δ 15N was generally weak, likely due to the consumption of different kinds of sinking particles (e.g. marine snow, phytodetritus), some constituted of multiply recycled particulate organic matter (POM). However, higher δ 13C–δ 15N correlations were observed during winter and spring, periods of water column homogenization, suggesting that the planktonic community assimilates pulses of new production from the photic zone (peaking in January–February). Low correlations were observed during periods of water column stratification, particularly in summer, when production is especially low, suggesting that in this period macroplankton–micronekton community rely on sources other than surface primary production such as POM derived from river discharge.

Food web structure of the epibenthic and infaunal invertebrates on the Catalan slope (NW Mediterranean): Evidence from δ 13C and δ 15N analysis

The food-web structure of the epibenthic and infaunal invertebrates on the continental slope of the Catalan Sea (Balearic basin, NW Mediterranean) was investigated using carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes on a total of 34 species, and HPLC pigment analyses for three key species. Samples were collected close to Barcelona (NE Iberian Peninsula), between 650 and 800 m depth and between February 2007 and February 2008. Mean δ 13C values ranged from −21.0‰ (small Calocaris macandreae and Amphipholis squamata) to −14.5‰ ( Sipunculus norvegicus). Values of δ 15N ranged from 4.0‰ ( A. squamata) to 12.1‰ ( Molpadia musculus). The stable isotope ratios of benthic fauna displayed a continuum of values (e.g. δ 15N range of 8‰), confirming a wide spectrum of feeding strategies (from active suspension feeders to predators) and complex food webs. According to the available information on diets of benthic fauna, the lowest values were found for surface deposit feeders (small C. macandrae and the two ophiuroids A. squamata and Amphiura chiajei) and active suspension feeders ( Abra longicallus and Scalpellum scalpellum) feeding on different sizes of particulate organic matter (POM), among which small particles may exhibit lower δ 15N. High annual mean δ 15N values were found among sub-surface deposit feeders, exploiting refractory or frequently recycled organic matter that is enriched in δ 15N. Carnivorous polychaetes ( Nephtys spp., Oenonidae and Polynoidae) and large decapods ( Geryon longipes and Paromola cuvieri) also displayed high δ 15N values. δ 13C ranges were particularly wide among surface deposit feeders (ranging from −21.0‰ to −16.4‰), suggesting exploitation of POM of both terrigenous and oceanic origins. Correlation between δ 13C and δ 15N was generally weak, indicating multiple carbon sources, likely due to the consumption of different kinds of sinking particles (e.g. marine snow, phytodetritus, etc.), sedimented and frequently recycled POM, together with macrophyte remains. The stronger δ 13C–δ 15N correlations found in February and April suggest that during the period of water column homogeneization (winter–spring), the benthic community was sustained by phytodetritus inputs originating from the peak of surface primary production in February. Conversely, weaker δ 13C–δ 15N correlations were observed during the period of water column stratification (beginning in June–July), suggesting that the benthic community in this period was sustained, with a delay of ca. 2/3 months, by multiple carbon sources including continental inputs from river discharge (with the maxima in April–May). Thus both advective and vertical fluxes seem to be food sources for benthos on the Catalonian slope. Pigments in the guts of key species were generally degraded, and only the active suspension feeder A. longicallus ingested fresh chlorophyll during periods of high primary production at the surface (February and April 2007).

Energy consumption and economic activities in Iran

The causal relationship between overall GDP, industrial and agricultural value added and consumption of different kinds of energy are investigated using vector error correction model for the case of Iran within 1967–2003. A long-run unidirectional relationship from GDP to total energy and bidirectional relationship between GDP and gas as well as GDP and petroleum products consumption for the whole economy was discovered. Causality is running from value added to total energy, electricity, gas and petroleum products consumption and from gas consumption to value added in industrial sector. The long-run bidirectional relations hold between value added and total energy, electricity and petroleum products consumption in the agricultural sector. The short-run causality runs from GDP to total energy and petroleum products consumption, and also industrial value added to total energy and petroleum products consumption in this sector.

Statut martial d'une population d'enfants franciliens âgés de 16 à 18 mois en fonction du type de lait consommé

Résumé L’objectif est d’étudier la consommation des différents types de laits dans une population d’enfants âgés de 16 à 18 mois et de mesurer la fréquence de la carence martiale en fonction du type de lait consommé. L’étude porte sur 588 enfants venus consulter au Centre d’Examens de Santé de la Caisse Primaire d’Assurance Maladie de Paris en 2002. À l’occasion de cet examen, un prélèvement sanguin est réalisé. Un apport lacté par du lait enrichi en fer concerne 55 % des enfants, avec plus grande fréquence dans les niveaux socio-économiques plus favorisés. La consommation de lait enrichi en fer apparaît comme un facteur protecteur majeur de l’anémie ferriprive et de la carence martiale. Les résultats soulignent la nécessité d’encourager plus particulièrement la prévention dans les milieux les plus démunis.

Heterocyclic amines and genotype of N-acetyltransferases as risk factors for prostate cancer

A variety of carcinogenic heterocyclic amines are produced during the cooking of meat at high temperatures. These carcinogens are metabolized by N-acetyltransferases (NAT), which are polymorphic in the population. This study examined associations between prostate cancer (PCa) and the consumption of different kinds of meat, heterocyclic amine intake and NAT genotypes. PCa patients and controls were recruited in the Syracuse, NY area. Levels of meat and heterocyclic amine intakes were determined from validated surveys and NAT genotypes were determined by the sequences of PCR-amplified DNA from buccal swabs. A total of 152 cases and 161 controls were eligible for analysis. There was an association between PCa and history of PCa in the first-degree blood relatives (OR = 4.59, 95% CI 2.21-9.70), and family history of bladder cancer (P < 0.02). However, there was no association with the history of other cancers. There was no association between PCa and either 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) intake, or NAT1 and NAT2 genotypes. However, there was a trend of association with MeIQx and with rapid NAT2 and NAT1*10 in combination with PhIP. A new NAT1 allele with a frequency of one out of 544 chromosomes was found in the Caucasian subjects.

Review on meat consumption and cancer in South America

Consumption of red meat and its heterocyclic amines (HCA) content has been associated with an increased risk for colorectal cancer and, with less consistency, with stomach, oesophagus, pancreas, breast, prostate and kidney cancers. Uruguay and Argentina’s rates for breast and colon cancer are among the highest in the world. The main type of meat consumed in these countries is beef, of which consumption rank first and second, respectively in the world, with about 60 kg per year per capita. Beef is cut in different ways following the customs of different countries and regions. The predominant consumption of different cuts and ways of cooking, are described for different regions within Argentina as well as frequencies of consumption of different kinds of meats. These differences reflect not only habits and customs but also socioeconomic variations among regions. A review of epidemiological studies performed in South American countries related to meat consumption, ways of cooking, HCA, and different cancers is presented. It is concluded that comparisons among studies generated in countries or regions with different meat types, beef cuts consumption usage and cooking methods must be very careful. Hence, future research for the verification of the observed associations between HCA and cancer, should be conducted through in-depth, chemically validated questionnaires based on local data.

Oxygen consumption by Lipara pullitarsis Dosk. et Chv. (Diptera, Chloropidae) during development

1. Each period in the life cycle of Lipara pullitarsis exhibits a characteristic mean value of oxygen uptake. 2. The differences in the metabolism of L 3 larvae are the result of the consumption of different kinds of food, including living and dead tissues, the ambient temperature and different nutritional and motor activity. 3. Males in larval, prepupal and pupal stages, on account of smaller body weight, exhibit a slightly higher respiratory metabolism compared with that of females. 4. The significantly higher requirement for oxygen by young mature males is the result of lower body weight and more intensive motor activity than that of the females.

Consumer Market Research on Milk in the Rural Greek Population

The purpose of the present paper is to analyse the consumption of different kinds of milk by the rural population of Greece, using the methods of multivariate analysis. First, using principal components analysis and the qualitative characteristics of milk, consumption patterns (profiles) for milk are formed. Secondly, the influence of socio-economic factors on these consumption pattems are estimated using variance analysis. Results revealed that the attitude of rural residents towards milk consumption is dominated by three critical issues: rationality, the practicality and rise of purchase, and new trend. An important finding is the existence of a high correlation between the degree of confidence in the product and the length of time that the product has been on the market. Moreover, while condensed milk exhibits a strong and positive profile in the milk market, its market share is expected to continue to drop in favour of pasteurised milk. Finally, some further implications of the study are drawn, concer...

Motivations of the heritage consumer in the leisure market: An application of the Manning‐Haas demand hierarchy

Abstract In this article the author considers motivations for heritage “consumption'’ as perceived by potential consumers. These motivations are defined as desired settings, experiences, and benefits in terms of the Manning‐Haas hierarchy of demand for outdoor recreation. The author investigates how these motivations may be used as a means of segmenting consumers in terms of their likely interest in different types of heritage as leisure experiences. The analysis demonstrates that researchers need to distinguish between the motivations for the consumption of different kinds of heritage and that it is insufficient to consider the market for heritage as undifferentiated in terms of type of attraction. The analysis is also used to show how further marketing insights may be gained from including variables measuring consumers’ interests in the consumption of heritage. It compares the predictive power of, on the one hand, variables measuring self‐rated interest in heritage and reported leisure activity with, on the other, socioeconomic variables, as summary bases for the segmentation of heritage markets.