Constructive Conflict Resolution Research Articles

Detecting Areas of Improvement in Secondary Education: Listening to Management Teams and Teachers

The general aim of this research study is to detect needs and possible areas of improvement in the Basque education system. To this end, this paper describes and compares the discourses of different informants, using a qualitative methodology based on a census sample of secondary schools and students in the Autonomous Community of the Basque Country (ACBC). Although our research is located in a specific geographical and cultural context, the detailed contextualisation of the study may shed light on an international level and may be transferable to other contexts that come close to the characteristics described in this article. Thus, a total of 18 secondary schools from the ACBC were selected in accordance with their effectiveness level, calculated on the basis of the results obtained in the Diagnostic Assessments (DAs) across five years. Likewise, professionals involved in the study (18 inspectors, 18 management teams, and 50 educational agents) identified certain priority areas, such as teaching-learning methods, promoting diversity, fostering an evaluative culture and leadership, resource provision, stability of the teaching staff, relationships with families, and optimisation of constructive conflict resolution. This research can help to carry out other research on other education systems based on the dimensions analysed in this article, as they have been found to be a priority for educational agents.

Development of a Structural Model of Emotional Divorce Based on the Dark Triad Personality Traits and Conflict Resolution Styles with the Mediation of Marital Conflicts

Objective: This study aims to model the structural equations of emotional divorce based on dark personality traits and conflict resolution styles with the mediation of marital conflicts. Methods and Materials: The research method was descriptive-correlational based on structural equations. The statistical population included all married women aged 25-50 years at Islamic Azad University (Yadegar-e-Imam, Abolfatoh Razi (Mothers), and Tehran North campuses) in the first half of 2021, selected online due to the COVID-19 pandemic using convenience sampling. The research instruments included the Emotional Divorce Questionnaire (Gottman, 1994), the Dark Triad Personality Questionnaire (Johnson & Webster, 2010), Rahim's Conflict Resolution Styles (Rahim, 1983), and the Marital Conflict Questionnaire (Sanaei, 1996). Data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. Findings: The results of structural equation modeling indicated that the proposed model fits the empirical data (RMSEA = 0.063). There was a significant relationship between Machiavellianism and emotional divorce (β = 0.173), and between constructive style (β = -0.556) and non-constructive style (β = 0.26) with marital conflicts. The indirect path coefficient of narcissistic traits (P = 0.007), constructive (P = 0.011) and non-constructive conflict resolution styles (P = 0.005) with the dependent variable emotional divorce through the mediating variable of marital conflicts was significant. However, the mediating role of marital conflicts in the relationship between antisocial traits (P = 0.798) and Machiavellianism (P = 0.877) with emotional divorce was not confirmed. Conclusion: Dark personality traits and constructive conflict resolution styles can indirectly affect emotional divorce by influencing marital conflicts, in addition to their direct effect.

The Importance of Developing Countries Joining GATT 94 / WTO

The establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework signifies a pivotal milestone in aligning member countries' trading regulations with the WTO's provisions. Developing countries' participation in the WTO fosters equitable competition and contributes to global development. WTO agreements offer flexibility for developing nations to adhere to WTO regulations, providing specialized assistance to the least developed countries (LDCs) and trade concessions in line with GATT regulations. Moreover, the WTO ensures predictability in the business environment, encouraging investment, job creation, and fair competition. Its multilateral trading system fosters peace by facilitating constructive conflict resolution between nations, regulating trade through appropriate mechanisms, and reducing tariffs and non-tariff barriers to enhance affordability.

Yorùbá Proverbial Metaphor: A Rhetoric tool and Guiding Principle to Conflict Resolution

The Yorùbá are a set of unique ethnic group with peculiar traditions, values and culture. Their cultural practice, heritage is found on the epitome of their proverbial prowess which are formed within the context of their traditional “Yorùbá language and dialect,” and used as a tool for conflict management and resolution. Conflict by Yorùbá belief is inevitable, but not insurmountable as Yorùbá found conflict always positive. To amplify this belief, Yorùbá at different occasions incorporate some of the proverbs that are relevant and applicable to conflicting situations in their attempt to resolve conflicts. This essay examines some of the selected proverbs while synthesized them as a rhetoric tools and guiding principles to constructive conflict resolution in the Yorùbá traditional Society. Suggestions are raised that application of proverbial maxims with Yorùbá perception on conflict and conflict resolution could be useful for peaceful handling of contemporary conflicts that are rampaging the African nations.

Fathers' marital conflict and children's socioemotional skills: A moderated-mediation model of conflict resolution and parenting.

Marital conflict is common in many families. The effects of marital conflict may often spill over to parent-child dyads and affect children's development via their parenting practices. However, couples handle their marital conflict in different ways, and conflict resolution strategies may play a role in children's outcomes. Although mother-reported marital conflict has been a primary focus in most prior studies, little is known about fathers' perspectives. To that end, we examined the mediating effect of fathers' parenting in the association between the frequency of marital conflict and mother-reported children's socioemotional skills in preschool, as well as the moderating role of father constructive conflict resolution frequency in the association between father reports of the frequency of the marital conflict and parenting. Results indicate that father parenting warmth and parenting stress mediated the association between the frequency of marital conflict and children's socioemotional skills. We also found that father reports of the frequency of the marital conflict was positively associated with involvement and negatively associated with warmth at higher levels of constructive conflict resolution frequency. Fathers who reported higher constructive conflict resolution frequency showed higher father involvement and warmth. Finally, the moderated-mediation analysis revealed that, after accounting for mothers' parenting variables, father warmth was the moderated mediator, such that there was a negative indirect effect between the frequency of marital conflict and children's socioemotional skills through father warmth at average and higher levels of constructive conflict resolution frequency. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Mediacja - szansa na przywrócenie efektywnej komunikacji stron będących w konflikcie

The aim of the article is to present the institution of mediation as a useful tool for restoring effective communication in a conflict situation and supporting the dialogue of parties in conflict. The analysis conducted on the basis of the literature on the subject allows for the conclusion that mediation is conducive to improving the communication of the parties disturbed as a result of the conflict, and the participation of an impartial and neutral mediator and the communication techniques he uses contribute to a constructive dialogue, also developing the skills of effective communication of the mediation participants themselves. Mediation contributes to the development of many socially desirable attitudes and skills, which is particularly important from the perspective of raising the young generation. The great practical value of mediation is visible in its use in the school environment as a tool for resolving school conflicts, enabling the improvement of communication, fostering the development of cooperation skills to find a solution that is beneficial to all parties to the conflict. Promoting the mediation approach in schools may also have much broader, socially beneficial implications, manifested by the use of effective communication and constructive conflict resolution skills acquired by young people during mediation in later stages of their adult life. Thus, the article indicates the fundamental importance of restoring effective communication between the parties in conflict in achieving the main purpose of mediation, which is to reach a settlement. Key words: conflict, mediation, effective communication

Attachment, Growth Fear and Conflict Resolution in Close Relationships

Effectively addressing and resolving conflicts in close relationships plays an important role in maintaining healthy relationships. Therefore, in this study, it is aimed to examine the predictive role of attachment styles (anxiety and avoidance) and the growth fear in close relationships on constructive and destructive conflict resolution strategies in close relationships. A total of 492 individuals, 299 women (60.8%), and 193 men (39.2%) between the ages of 18 and 38 who were romantically involved and married, participated in the study. The outcomes of the multiple regression analysis show that anxiety, avoidance, and growth fear have a predictive role on the effective-destructive 'exit' sub-dimension, which includes abandonment behaviors in conflict resolution. The passive-destructive 'neglect' sub-dimension, which includes conflict-ignoring behaviors, is predicted by anxiety and growth fear. The avoidance and the growth fear negatively predicted the active-constructive 'voice' sub-dimension, which includes the behaviors in which the factors causing conflict are discussed through dialogue. Finally, the passive-constructive 'loyalty' sub-dimension, which includes behaviors such as waiting in hopes that the factors causing conflict will disappear, is predicted positively by the anxiety and negatively by the avoidance. Gender also has a predictive effect on the loyalty sub-dimension. The results obtained from the research were discussed according to the relevant literature, and recommendations were made to mental health experts and researchers. It is hoped that the findings of this study will guide the treatment of conflict resolution processes among partners in relationship counseling processes.

Constructive Indonesia's Conflict Resolution on Rohingnya Refugees in Accordance With Myanmar's Case

Constructive Indonesia's Conflict Resolution on Rohingnya Refugees in Accordance With Myanmar's Case

Conflict resolution in a pediatric inpatient unit: a best practice implementation project.

The aim of this project was to promote evidence-based practices regarding conflict resolution in the hospital setting on a pediatric inpatient unit. Conflict is an inevitable reality in healthcare organizations. Evidence suggests that to facilitate constructive conflict resolution among staff, organizational-level education, as well as formal policies and procedures are both necessary. A baseline audit on conflict resolution utilizing the JBI Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System program was undertaken and involved 34 nurses and two nursing assistants. The implementation project used a three-phase approach, with audits and feedback for the evaluation of compliance with best practices. Following baseline audits, an intervention, including conflict resolution education, was implemented, and recommendations to update the current policy and procedure were communicated to unit leadership. Then a postimplementation audit was undertaken. Postimplementation audits revealed improvements in compliance across all seven audit criteria. The greatest improvement was for audit criterion 4, having a structured formal process for remediation if conflict occurs, and criterion 7, having a follow-up of agreed solutions occur, which garnered 75 and 83% improvements, respectively. For all seven audit criteria, compliance improved from 24% at baseline to 71% after the implementation of an educational module regarding conflict resolution strategies, tools, and best practices and a recommendation to update the existing policy to include the use of a conflict resolution documentation tool. Recommendations for the next steps include making educational materials and visual reminders about conflict resolution strategies readily available and easily accessible to staff.

Long-term interparental conflict behavior and knowledge change after a brief family intervention.

To address a gap in the translational research on marital and family conflict intervention, we used a series of multilevel models to examine how interparental constructive conflict behavior, conflict resolution, and conflict knowledge improved up to 3 years postintervention in the Family Communication Project (FCP). The FCP was an experimental, longitudinal intervention focused on family conflict, communication, and adolescent adjustment. Participants consisted of adolescents and their two primary caregivers (N = 225 families). Each family was randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups (parent-adolescent or parent only) or two control groups (self-study or no treatment). Relative to controls, who showed no statistically significant improvement in conflict behavior, resolution, or knowledge, parents in the two-treatment conditions showed improvement in a nonlinear fashion. Modeled with piece-wise slopes, average change trajectories showed statistically significant increases from pretest to posttest, followed by declines but overall significant sustained growth by 3 years. Baseline marital hostility moderated this change, whereby couples who had higher levels of baseline marital hostility responded more favorably to treatment, but also declined more rapidly. Fathers in the study were shown to have stronger long-term treatment effects for conflict knowledge relative to mothers, and higher marital adjustment among fathers at baseline predicted less decline in dyadic conflict resolution after the intervention. The results highlight how examining within-family changes over time and between-family differences in change trajectories can contribute to practical insights about when and for whom interventions are most effective. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Compilation of the structural model of emotional divorce based on the dark triple traits of personality and conflict resolution styles

Objective: The present research was conducted in order to model structural equations of emotional divorce based on dark personality traits and conflict resolution styles. Methods and Materials: The study used descriptive-correlational method based on structural equations. The statistical population of this research consisted of all married women in the age group of 25-50 years of Tehran Azad University, Yadgar Imam (RA), Abol Fattouh Razi and North Tehran units in the first half of 2021, which was available online through the sampling method. (due to the spread of the corona virus) were chosen. The research tools were Gottman's (1995) emotional divorce questionnaire, Johnson and Webster's (2010) dark personality triangle, and Rahim's (1983) conflict resolution styles. Analyzes were done using SPSS and AMOS software. Findings: The results showed that there is a significant negative and positive relationship between constructive conflict resolution style (β=0.188) and non-constructive conflict resolution style (β=0.170) with emotional divorce, respectively (p<0.01). A significant positive relationship is observed between Machiavellianism trait and emotional divorce (β=0.173). Also, a significant positive relationship was found between antisocial trait (β=-0.140) and narcissism (β=-0.153) with emotional divorce (p<0.01). Conclusion: Dark traits and constructive conflict resolution styles can predict emotional divorce in addition to having a direct effect on emotional divorce

The structural model of emotional divorce based on the dark triad traits of personality and conflict resolution styles with the mediation of marital boredom

Aim: The present study was conducted with the aim of modeling the structural equations of emotional divorce based on dark personality traits and conflict resolution styles with the mediation of marital dissatisfaction. Method: The research method was descriptive correlation type based on structural equations. The statistical population of this research consisted of all married women in the age group of 25-50 years of Tehran Azad University, Yadgar Imam (RA), Abol Fattouh Razi (Mothers) and North Tehran units in the first half of 2021, which was available online through the sampling method. (due to the spread of the corona virus) were chosen. The research tools were Gottman's Emotional Divorce Questionnaire (1994), Dark Triangle of Personality Johnson and Webster (2010), Rahim's Conflict Resolution Styles (1983) and Pines Marital Boredom (1996). Analyzes were done using SPSS and AMOS software. Result: The results of structural equation modeling showed that the assumed research model fits the experimental data (RMSEA=0.063). A significant relationship was observed between Machiavellian trait and emotional divorce (β=0.149) and between constructive style (β=0.441) and non-constructive style (β=0.264) with emotional divorce. The coefficient of the indirect path of marital boredom was significant in the relationship between narcissistic trait (P = 0.007) and constructive conflict resolution styles (P = 0.043) with the dependent variable of emotional divorce, but the mediating role of marital boredom in the relationship between non- constructive was not confirmed by emotional divorce (P = 0.536). Conclusion: Dark traits and constructive conflict resolution styles, in addition to having a direct effect on emotional divorce, can indirectly affect marital boredom.

Mediation discourses: the process of formation in the scientific environment

The development of society requires permanent links between the State and civil society. This is a form of ongoing dialogue that ensures effective cooperation with civil society institutions. Proceeding from this, the constant search for new methods of mediation is relevant not only to resolve contradictions, but also to reduce them in the conditions of increasing globalization processes. Structuring mediation procedures that meet modern requirements, corresponding to the mental and socio-cultural specifics of civil society, requires a comprehensive study of theoretical and practical foundations. In this regard, there is a need for an information review of mediation in the scientific and academic environment, foreign discourses. In this article, a terminological analysis of the concept of "mediation" is carried out and it is established that the ambiguity of translation work leads to misunderstanding in the conceptual and categorical apparatus. In addition, analyzing the definitions of mediation given by international organizations and scientists, the authors classified the parameters and components indicating its nature. A series of theoretical models of mediation is systematized into a general structure by comparing the research methods of several scientists. The scope of the term "mediation" in the Kazakh-speaking scientific and social environment and its distinctive specificity from foreign experience are considered as the specifics of the article. The presented article is a necessary material for young applicants studying the institution of biys, the theory of social and social harmony in Kazakh philosophy, the culture of constructive conflict resolution.

Research from 1996 to 2019 on approaches to address conflicts in schools: A bibliometric review of publication activity and research topics

ABSTRACT The numbers of publications within the field of research on approaches to address conflicts in schools is rapidly growing, and it is now important to map influential theories, methods and topics that shape this research field. In addition, student teachers, teachers and teacher educators would benefit from it being easier to find research-based knowledge of how to address conflicts in schools. Therefore, a bibliometric study was carried out on 1126 publications that were published between 1996 and 2019 in this field. The study aimed at examining publication activity, geographic spread, and dominant research topics. The findings showed a positive trend in publication output from 2006 onwards. Research output was found to be dominated by the United States. However, the results also indicated an internationalization trend expressed in an increased geographic spread of publication output. Furthermore, six research topics were identified through cluster analyses and labelled ‘peace and value education’, ‘classroom management from coercive discipline to relationship building’, ‘constructive conflict resolution’, ‘classroom management programmes’, ‘restorative justices and restorative approaches’, and ‘classroom challenges for teachers’. Within each research topic, a distinct number of publications were found that defined the core research.

A structured literature review on construction conflict prevention and resolution: A modified approach for engineering

Abstract In the face of several uncertainties in the construction industry, conflicts and disputes seem inevitable. The aim of this systematic literature review of methodologies for prevention and resolution of conflicts was to develop an updated guidance for conflict management in the construction industry. To achieve this, we developed a novel tool termed Modified Reporting Items for Structured Reviews in Engineering and Technology (MORISE) that considered a modified tool from the original literature review method Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Three databases, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and American Society for Civil Engineers (ASCE), were searched and 61 articles were shortlisted. In terms of frequency of reasons cited as causes for disputes, payment regimes and delays rank first, followed by written agreement interpretation and changes in projects. Acceptable approaches to resolution of disputes include negotiation, arbitration, facilitation, and dispute resolution boards. This study were able to make a clear distinction between methodologies adopted by various researchers for the prevention and resolution of conflicts and show that in addition to prevention of conflicts, there are comprehensive and suitable techniques to resolve conflicts, which can be adopted in practice.

Positive conflict resolution behaviors in psychological health: Northern Cyprus sample

Conflicts are an inevitable part of school life, as in all areas of life, and minimizing the negative effects of conflicts and trying to develop constructive conflict resolution skills will positively contribute to human relations and mental health. The aimed of this study was to investigate the conflict resolution behaviors of secondary school students in terms of some psycho-social variables. The sample of the study was 6<sup>th</sup>, 7<sup>th</sup> and 8<sup>th</sup> grade students attending the state secondary schools of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. The study was conducted with a total of 175 students of the students. The research was a descriptive study which is prepared by using quantitative research method which examines conflict resolution behaviors of secondary school students. The sample of the study was determined by non-random sampling method. In order to collect data, Conflict Resolution Behavior Determination Scale was used. In the analysis of the data; percentages, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), t-tests were used. As a result of the study, there was no significant difference according to the gender and grade level of the students. A significant difference was found according to their age, parental partnership status and success levels.

Psychoeducational Interventions on Conflict Resolution Styles among Individuals Involved in Commuter Marriages

Couples in commuter marriages who live apart face many challenges, such as having ineffective communications which lead to conflict. Couples who use a positive and constructive conflict resolution style, have a better chance of getting a better quality of marital life. This intervention aims to provide psychoeducation to participants in order to understand conflict resolution styles that can be applied when dealing with and resolving conflicts in commuter marriages. The evaluation of the intervention effect was carried out by comparing the knowledge and skill to the application of conflict resolution styles, before and after the intervention. After being given psychoeducation, it was found that 25 participants changed the resolution style they would use when experiencing conflict with their partner. While the other 5 participants still chose the same resolution style. In conclusion, through this psychoeducation, participants have new knowledge about various resolution styles that can be used, and according to the conflict conditions experienced by each partner.

Parent-adolescent relationship quality as a moderator of links between COVID-19 disruption and reported changes in mothers' and young adults' adjustment in five countries.

The COVID-19 pandemic has presented families around the world with extraordinary challenges related to physical and mental health, economic security, social support, and education. The current study capitalizes on a longitudinal, cross-national study of parenting, adolescent development, and young adult competence to document the association between personal disruption during the pandemic and reported changes in internalizing and externalizing behavior in young adults and their mothers since the pandemic began. It further investigates whether family functioning during adolescence 3 years earlier moderates this association. Data from 484 families in five countries (Italy, the Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States) reveal that higher levels of reported disruption during the pandemic are related to reported increases in internalizing and externalizing behaviors after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic for young adults (Mage = 20) and their mothers in all five countries, with the exception of one association in Thailand. Associations between disruption during the pandemic and young adults' and their mothers' reported increases in internalizing and externalizing behaviors were attenuated by higher levels of youth disclosure, more supportive parenting, and lower levels of destructive adolescent-parent conflict prior to the pandemic. This work has implications for fostering parent-child relationships characterized by warmth, acceptance, trust, open communication, and constructive conflict resolution at all times given their protective effects for family resilience during times of crisis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

CURRENT ASPECTS OF STRATEGIC CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN THE SYSTEM OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT

The article examines the current components of strategic conflict management at the local government level. The importance of constructive conflicts that can prevent stagnation and stimulate further development of systems is emphasized. It is established that conflict management is aimed at choosing a method that will minimize the impact of negative emotions, give an objective description of the situation, determine further constructive actions of the parties to the conflict. It is emphasized that management without conflicts is impossible and the main strategies of conflict management in the system of local government are presented. It is noted that constructive conflict resolution provides certain options. Methods of conflict resolution, as well as their positive and negative sides, are described. The author's vision of an effective conflict management algorithm in the system of local government is presented and the need for proper assessment of the risk of conflicts to increase the effectiveness of this process is emphasized. Keywords: conflict management, local government, risk management, strategic conflict management, conflict resolution.

TRAINING IN MEDIATION: APPLICATION ON THE COMMUNICATION MODEL

Teaching the participants of the conflict to conduct a communication is an important process in the mediation. A positive result of the mediation, i.e., resolution of the conflict, is impossible without teaching the participants the rules of a conflict-free communication; that will allow them to avoid conflict situations in society also in future. The publication considers a model of communication between the participants in the conflict as well as the mediator. The model is built on the basis of an analysis of the principles of existing communication models and experience of a practicing mediator. The types of communication noises (including constructs as communication barriers) have been identified and classified, and techniques for detecting these noises has been proposed. By selecting and studying them the mediator has the opportunity to effectively arrange a training for the participants of the conflict. The objective of the study is to build a communication model in a mediation, taking into account semantic and psychological noises; to demonstrate the role of a mediator in a constructive conflict resolution for dialogue teaching; to determine the mediator’s tools. The theoretical study is based on the analysis and assessment of philosophical, pedagogical and psychological literature and a mediation practice. Results: a model of communication in the process of mediation, questionnaire for identifying noises and a processing algorithm for it to determine the methodology for teaching communication to the participants of the conflict.