Construction Of System Research Articles

Efficient gene editing in the slow-growing, non-sporulating, melanized, endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 using a CRISPR/Cas9 system.

The endophytic fungus Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 that was isolated from Dioscorea zingiberensis, is a proficient producer of palmarumycins, which are intriguing polyketides of the spirobisnaphthalene class. These compounds displayed a wide range of bioactivities, including antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities. However, conventional genetic manipulation of Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 is difficult and inefficient, partially due to the slow-growing, non-sporulating, and highly pigmented behavior of this fungus. Herein, we developed a CRISPR/Cas9 system suitable for gene editing in Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12. The protoplast preparation was optimized, and the expression of Cas9 in Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12 was validated. To assess the gene disruption efficiency, a putative 1, 3, 6, 8-tetrahydroxynaphthalene synthase encoding gene, bdpks, involved in 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN)-melanin biosynthesis, was selected as the target for gene disruption. Various endogenous sgRNA promoters were tested, and different strategies to express sgRNA were compared, resulting in the construction of an optimal system using the U6 snRNA-1 promoter as the sgRNA promoter. Successful disruption of bdpks led to a complete abolishment of the production of spirobisnaphthalenes and melanin. This work establishes a useful gene targeting disruption system for exploration of gene functions in Berkleasmium sp. Dzf12, and also provides an example for developing an efficient CRISPR/Cas9 system to the fungi that are difficult to manipulate using conventional genetic tools.

Construction of large scale English teaching corpus and e-learning system based on Apache Hadoop algorithm

Currently, the contradiction between traditional English teaching and the need for dynamic learning is becoming increasingly prominent. Therefore, the organic integration of new teaching aids with traditional English teaching is conducive to achieving a new concept design and innovation in English teaching. On this basis, a large-scale English teaching corpus was established by combining MapReduce with Apache Hadoop algorithm. At the same time, information theory and methods based on the MapReduce computing model are proposed and applied to the parallelism analysis of big data, effectively solving practical problems that are difficult to expand certain datasets. Secondly, this article will design a new algorithm, Salsa20, based on the construction characteristics of Apache Hadoop. By utilizing the parallel characteristics of this algorithm, we can parallelize the Apache Hadoop algorithm, improve the system's data processing ability, ensure the security of data in MapReduce operation mode, and ensure its efficient data processing ability. In addition, the comprehensive and systematic use of large-scale corpora to establish an English teaching system based on them can effectively improve some of the problems that arise in English teaching, greatly enhance the teaching effectiveness of English courses.

Development and experimental verification of the adaptive cable-strut antenna array

This study introduces a machine learning-based framework aimed at enhancing the precision of cable-strut antenna arrays, addressing a crucial need in advanced antenna deployment. The framework employs the force density method for shape sensing and incorporates genetic algorithm optimization, markedly improving the control of antenna shape and effectively reducing the time lag in actuators' response for real-time control. Through experiment, the framework's effectiveness was validated, demonstrating substantial improvements in the shape accuracy of the antenna arrays. The study further explores the results of various cases on a prototype, revealing the control system's capacity to activate actuators for optimal control. Digital Image Correlation (DIC) is taken for analyzing shape deformation, thereby substantiating the precision of control system. This research makes a contribution to the field by advancing the application of adaptive control techniques in large-scale phased antenna arrays, underscoring its potential to enhance construction and deployment efficiency in complex engineering systems.

Construction of a convenient microbial-growth observation system based on microscopic image analysis applicable to the evaluation of preservative effects

The pour-plate method, a conventional approach to the evaluation of food microbial contamination, is costly and time-consuming. We have developed a novel and efficient system to evaluate microbial growth on the surfaces of foods using a membrane filter and microscope followed by image analysis. While Wickerhamomyces anomalus cells directly inoculated onto loin ham were undetectable because of the complex surface structure of the food, the placement of a hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane filter on the loin ham enabled us to clearly observe the yeast cells on the filter by microscopy without affecting their growth. Under microscopic observation, cells on the membrane filter as well as those on the agar plate were always observed with surrounding annular dark regions, which were separated from the background by clear boundaries. We defined the areas inside the boundaries, including the cells and the annular dark regions, as the “bounded areas”. In image analysis, the numbers of pixels in the bounded areas increased exponentially in parallel with the viable cell count (CFU/g), suggesting that the pixel numbers were proportional to the viable cell numbers. We applied this system to investigate the adverse effects of sorbic acid preparation (SAP), a common food preservative, on yeast growth. The yeast was incubated on filter-overlaid agar medium in the presence or absence of SAP, resulting in a dose-dependent reduction in the specific pixel increase rate (k [/h]) determined by image analysis as well as in the specific growth rate (μ [/h]) estimated by the agar-plate-based conventional method. Regression analysis revealed a strong correlation between the k and μ values (R2, 0.985) normalized to the corresponding values without SAP. Our system could be applied to estimate the growth rate of microbes on foods and to examine the effects of environmental factors on microbial growth by using the k value as an index. Furthermore, this system would contribute to enhancing food safety, extending shelf life, and solving the important global problem of food loss.

Finite Element Analysis Comparing the Biomechanical Parameters in Multilevel Posterior Cervical Instrumentation Model Involving Lateral Mass Screw versus Transpedicular Screw Fixation at the C7 Vertebra.

Basic research. This finite element (FE) analysis (FEA) aimed to compare the biomechanical parameters in multilevel posterior cervical fixation with the C7 vertebra instrumented by two techniques: lateral mass screw (LMS) vs. transpedicular screw (TPS). Very few studies have compared the biomechanics of different multilevel posterior cervical fixation constructs. Four FE models of multilevel posterior cervical fixation were created and tested by FEA in various permutations and combinations. Generic differences in fixation were determined, and the following parameters were assessed: (1) maximum moment at failure, (2) maximum angulation at failure, (3) maximum stress at failure, (4) point of failure, (5) intervertebral disc stress, and (6) influence of adding a C2 pars screw to the multilevel construct. The maximum moment at failure was higher in the LMS fixation group than in the TPS group. The maximum angulation in flexion allowed by LMS was higher than that by TPS. The maximum strain at failure was higher in the LMS group than in the TPS group. The maximum stress endured before failure was higher in the TPS group than in the LMS group. Intervertebral stress levels at C6-C7 and C7-T1 intervertebral discs were higher in the LMS group than in the TPS group. For both models where C2 fixation was performed, lower von Mises stress was recorded at the C2-C3 intervertebral disc level. Ending a multilevel posterior cervical fixation construct with TPS fixation rather than LMS fixation at the C7 vertebra provides a stiff and more constrained construct system, with higher stress endurance to compressive force. The constraint and durability of the construct can be further enhanced by adding a C2 pars screw in the fixation system.

Construction of a meteorological application system based on BDS ground-based augmentation network and water vapor products validation

The national Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) ground-based augmentation network (BGAN) of China is constructed with the existing GNSS observation resources of industrial sectors and local governments, based on the concept of joint building and sharing with sustainable development. This study provides a detailed introduction to the design, construction and operation of a meteorological application system based on BGAN, and validation of its water vapor products. BDS and GPS real-time observation of atmospheric water vapor is achieved nationwide in China and multi-GNSS applications. Through the application of multi-GNSS data and validation of the water vapor products from 2018 to 2020, the accuracy of precipitable water vapor (PWV) derived from BDS only is equivalent to that from GPS only. The root mean square error (RMSE) between them is about 2 mm with high correlation coefficient. Based on radiosonde data, the validation is conducted with the products of BDS-PWV, GPS-PWV, and Combined-PWV derived with multi-GNSS of BDS and GPS. The error characteristics of the three products show a consistent trend over the months. The bias is relatively small. The RMSE of the three products is in the range of 2.18–2.73 mm. The BDS-PWV has the largest RMSE, followed by GPS-PWV, and Combined-PWV has the smallest RMSE.

Opportunities and challenges of integrating artificial intelligence in China's elderly care services

The challenge of elderly care presents a formidable task, demanding the collective attention of governmental bodies and diverse sectors of society. The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into the research and development of Social Elderly Care Service (ECS) has emerged as a dominant trend, holding substantial importance in the establishment of an efficient ECS system. This study aims to serve as a comprehensive reference for the advancement of China's ECS system, achieved through the harmonious integration of a social ECS system with AI capabilities. This paper introduces the fundamental theory of AI, delving into the intricacies of the greyscale model of AI. Furthermore, it provides an overview of the current landscape of elderly care and elder care institutions, offering scientific data and insights to propel further research on AI development and system construction. Through an analysis of the existing research status, the study identifies prevalent issues within the AI-ECS integration, emphasizing pivotal factors influencing the construction of a robust social ECS system. To address these concerns, the study puts forth specific and viable policy recommendations. Notably, the questionnaire's statistics underscore that 83% of the elderly populace would opt for AI-driven solutions in selecting intelligent products, thereby underscoring the pivotal role of AI within the social ECS system. The challenges facing elderly care systems, including demographic shifts, resource constraints, and evolving societal norms, demand innovative solutions for providing efficient and effective care. This study addresses these challenges by exploring the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Social Elderly Care Services (ECS) in China. By delving into the theory of AI and assessing the existing research status, the study identifies key issues in AI-ECS integration and proposes viable policy recommendations. Insights from stakeholder surveys further highlight the importance of AI-driven solutions in meeting the needs of the elderly population.

Thin silk fibroin coating on electrospun fibers for sustained release of active compounds

This study describes a method for producing a silk fibroin (SF) layer on fibrous structures formed by an amorphous polymer matrix for sustained drug diffusion. The presented model system is electrospun nanofibers of polycaprolactone (PCL) with ciprofloxacin (CIP). The nanofibers were covered with SF by immersion in its 0.2 wt% aqueous solution, which allows the forming on the nanofiber surface of a 50 nm layer. SF layer was crystallized by ethanol vapor and made SF insoluble in water for over 2 weeks due to an increase of β-sheet content in the protein secondary structure. SF does not affect the high surface-area-to-volume ratio of the fibers and makes them hydrophilic.The nanofibers reveal antibacterial properties against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and -negative Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. The inhibition zone of bacteria growth after 24 h incubation is bigger for non-coated fibers indicating inhibition of the drug release by SF coating. Both kinds of fibers reveal the Fickian diffusion model of drug release, characterized by burst release for fibers non-covered with SF and sustained release for those covered with SF layer. The presented SF layer preparation method can facilitate the construction of future drug delivery systems and design materials with sustained release profiles.

A Review of GIS Technology Applications in Transportation Planning and Management

With the rapid development of the economy, the scale of urban construction is expanding, the corresponding transportation infrastructure is also improving, and the traffic congestion problem is becoming more and more serious. The application of GIS technology to transportation management can effectively alleviate the problem of urban traffic congestion at this stage, thus improving the operation of road traffic. This paper describes the advantages of GIS technology in transportation planning and management from the aspects of accuracy, measurement convenience, visualization, scientific, dynamic, data management, and introduces its application initiatives in road design, traffic prediction, vehicle guidance, traffic system design, traffic analysis. The application of GIS technology in transportation planning is becoming more and more extensive and profound, the technology can provide ideas and technical support for modern transportation planning, but also can combine the construction of road transportation system with information technology, effectively improve the rationality and scientificity of the transportation planning program, and play a positive and significant role in reducing traffic congestion and improving the efficiency of traffic operation.

History and features of formation of the system of civic-patriotic education in Trans-Dniester in condition of an unrecognized state

Civic-patriotic consciousness and education is an integral element of any state claiming sovereignty and independence. With its help, the self-awareness of the population is formed, trust in the authorities and the state, and the legitimacy of power is ensured. The imperatives of the concept of civil-patriotic education in states with a “deficit” of international recognition, history of statehood, and financial resources actualize the mobilization nature of civil-patriotic ideology and its differentiation into the mother state and the patron state. This ideological position is relevant for Abkhazia, South Ossetia, Nagorno-Karabakh and Trans-Dniester, where the patron state (represented by Russia) is the support of the unrecognized state in ideological opposition to the mother state. In the article the history of formation and development of the system of civic-patriotic education in Trans-Dniester is viewed. It is closely connected with the history of the development of state, the construction of national security system and emerging threats to the statehood of the self-determined republic. The research was carried out using methods of historical, historical-political analysis, essential-substantive, chronological and system-structural methods. Analysis of civic-patriotic education in Trans-Dniester showed that it is a complex system of legal, institutional and functional elements that are closely included in the national security system of the Trans-Dniester Moldavian Republic.

Effects of biogenic sulfuric acid on simulated concrete septic tanks

Concrete is the major construction material for infrastructure development. Concrete sewer septic tanks are Constructed using the conventional ordinary portland cement (OPC) and the Portland pozzolana cement (PPC). However, OPC based concrete sewer systems are susceptible to biological, mechanical, and chemical degradation. Degradation of the concrete septic leads to their failure hence imposing tremendous environmental problems. The aftermath is the emergence of sanitation-related diseases. The wastewater from failing septic systems leads to contamination of the groundwater or the surface water resulting in the pollution of drinking water. Therefore, the need to explore other possibilities and potential construction materials to achieve sustainable sanitation is inevitable. The use of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement (LC3) in the construction of degradation-resistant concrete sewer septic systems has not been well explored in Kenya. LC3 concrete is resistant to the deterioration effects of aggressive media such as acids, chlorides, and sulfates. This paper presents experimental performance and findings of LC3 in aggressive media vis a vis OPC. The LC3 was formulated by mixing clinker, Calcined clay, limestone, and gypsum at percentages of 50 %, 30 %, 15 %, and 5 % respectively. Compressive strength, Sorptivity, and weight loss during the wet and dry cycles for both LC3 and OPC were evaluated. Simulated concrete septic tanks made of LC3 and OPC were made by casting cubes at water cement ratio of 0.5 and cured in fresh water at ambient temperature for 28 days. These cubes were passed through a regime of W-D cycles in the 3% concentration of Biogenic sulfuric acid. It was observed that after 28 days of curing OPC cubes had slightly higher compressive strength than LC3. However LC3 concrete cubes are expected to have higher compressive strength than the OPC. Cubes curing time increases due to increased pozzolanic activity. Biogenic sulphuric acid attacks on hydrated cement products cause a decrease in compressive strength. The water absorption profile of LC3 cubes was lower as compared to OPC cubes. In conclusion, LC3 cubes had a high potential of resisting degradation as compared to OPC cubes. LC3 show more impressive performance, hence LC3 It’s a potential binder for use in the construction of sewer system.
 Keywords: Septic tank, Sorptivity, compressive strength, wet-dry cycles, biological, mechanical, and chemical degradation, sustainable sanitation, LC3.

Visible-Light-Induced Sulfonylative-Cyclization Cascade of 1,6-Enynol Derivatives with Sulfinic Acids: A Sustainable Approach for the Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted Benzoheteroles.

Benzoheteroles are promising structural scaffolds in the realm of medicinal chemistry, but sustainable synthesis of 2,3-difunctionalized benzoheterole derivatives is still in high demand. Indeed, we have conceptually rationalized the intrinsic reactivity of propargylic-enyne systems for the flexible construction of 2,3-disubstituted benzoheteroles through radical sulfonylative-cyclization cascade under organophotoredox catalysis. We hereby report an efficient visible-light-induced sulfonyl radical-triggered cyclization of 1,6-enynols with sulfinic acids under the dual catalytic influence of 4CzIPN and NiBr2.DME, which led to the formation of 2,3-disubstituted benzoheteroles in good to high yields. Additionally, the Rose Bengal (RB)-catalyzed radical sulfonylative-cycloannulation of acetyl-derived 1,6-enynols with sulfinic acids under blue LED irradiation provided access to 3-(E-styryl)-derived benzofurans and benzothiophenes in moderate to good yields. The scope and limitations of the present strategies were successfully established using different classes of 1,6-enynols and sulfinic acids bearing various sensitive functional groups, yielding the desired products in a highly stereoselective fashion. Plausible mechanistic pathways were also proposed based on the current experimental and control experiments.

Has the poverty alleviation resettlement projects achieved just transition in Nujiang Prefecture of Southwest China?: A way to achieve SDGs

From 2016 to 2020, China successfully assisted 9.6 million people below poverty line, making a making a substantial contribution to both the UN-defined Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the global effort to reduce poverty. The literature reveals a focus on resettlement justice concerning livelihood transformation, re-siting, and public participation. However, a dearth of scholarly perspectives exists regarding migrants' comprehensive satisfaction indicators of just transition, particularly on sustainable assessment. Therefore, the study regards migrants as “customers” of PAR projects and assesses the degree of realization of a just transition of resettlement through their satisfaction. A multilayered comprehensive evaluation model is being formulated using the survey data of 515 migrants residing in three county-level cities in Nujiang Prefecture of southwest China. The results show that there is an increase in satisfaction with the impact of PAR on the migrant households' income, material assets, housing conditions, infrastructure, natural environment, children's educational level and ethnic cultures. Moreover, satisfaction with migrants' employment stability, social networking level, and the succession of local customs decreased. The results help to show that the PAR project does affect various aspects of migrants' lives, as well as contributing to the SDGs of social, economic, and environmentally sustainable development. The construction of a sustainable assessment system oriented to the combination of different dimensions of migrants' satisfaction and importance can help reduce the inequalities that may arise from the project. Boosting migrants' overall satisfaction is the most significant factor to consider when developing robust policies to increase poverty alleviation achievements and promote sustainable livelihood development.

Construction of GPC3-modified Lipopolymer SiRNA Delivery System.

Gene therapy has been widely concerned because of its unique therapeutic mechanism. However, due to the lack of safe and effective carries, it has not been widely used in clinical practice. Glypican 3 (GPC3) is a highly specific proteoglycan for hepatocellular carcinoma and is a potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma. Herein, to monitor the effect of gene therapy and enhance the transfection efficiency of gene carriers, GPC3-modified lipid polyethyleneimine-modified superparamagnetic nanoparticle (GLPS), a type of visualized carrier for siRNA (small-interfering RNA) targeting the liver, was prepared. We performed in vitro gene silencing, cytotoxicity, and agarose gel electrophoresis to identify the optimal GLPS formulation. In vitro MRI and Prussian blue staining verified the liver-targeting function of GLPS. We also analyzed the biocompatibility of GLPS by co-culturing with rabbit red blood cells. Morphological changes were evaluated using HE staining. The GLPS optimal formulation consisted of LPS and siRNA at a mass ratio of 25:1 and LPS and DSPE-PEG-GPC3 at a molar ratio of 2:3. GLPS exhibited evident liver-targeting function. In vitro, we did not observe morphological changes in red blood cells or hemolysis after co-culture. In vivo, routine blood analysis revealed no abnormalities after GLPS injection. Moreover, the tissue morphology of the kidney, spleen, and liver was normal without injury or inflammation. GLPS could potentially serve as an effective carrier for liver-targeted MRI monitoring and siRNA delivery.

Research on the Asymmetric Development of the Contribution of Mobile Games and Client Games to China's Video Game Industry

This paper will focus on two important areas in the electronic game industry, namely, "mobile games", which are mainly operated and played on portable mobile devices and "client games", which are mainly operated on non-portable mobile devices such as computers, game consoles and televisions. The market in the Chinese mainland is selected as the research object. First, it explains the background of the development of these two different types of games in the Chinese mainland market and the trend in recent years. Clarify the basic content and specific differences between mobile games and client games in terms of definitions. Second, it discusses in detail the reasons for the asymmetric development of mobile and client games in the Chinese market. It uses the representative work of China's mobile games "Genshin Impact" and the part of 3A games in client games for case study, and makes a comparative analysis using classic sociological theories such as "localization", "globalization", and "McDonaldization". The paper discusses the internal reasons for the uneven development of these two different game media in the Chinese mainland market and the possible consequences of the assembly line of the game industry. Finally, the paper gives solutions to the market layout of mobile and client games in the Chinese mainland from the perspective of complete system and legal construction of the government, the improvement of the marketing mode of game developers and the enhancement of users' ability to explore the game market independently.

Research on national fitness policy (1995-2021) from the perspective of objectives and tools

This study delves into the intricate landscape of China's national fitness policy, emphasizing the pivotal role of policy tools in crafting and executing effective strategies. Through a meticulous examination of 13 policy texts, significant disparities in tool utilization emerge, revealing issues such as imbalances and varying degrees of emphasis on content system construction. Leveraging Rothwell and Zegveld's classification method, the study categorizes national fitness policy tools into supply, demand, and environment types, elucidating their unique impacts and roles. It advocates for a strategic selection and utilization of policy tools to rectify existing imbalances and bolster effectiveness. The study underscores the importance of a balanced approach between supply and demand-oriented tools, advocating for transparency, flexibility, and accountability in policy adjustments. Additionally, it highlights the significance of maintaining stable utilization of supply-oriented tools and strengthening efforts in talent development and social guidance teams to sustain momentum. Overall, the study advocates for a holistic and dynamic approach to policy tool selection and utilization, ensuring alignment with overarching goals and fostering a healthier, more active society. By offering nuanced insights and pragmatic recommendations, it aims to catalyze the realization of a stronger and healthier nation through the implementation of effective national fitness policies, thereby uplifting the well-being of its citizens and nurturing a vibrant and resilient society.

Anti-Freezing and Ultrasensitive Zwitterionic Betaine Hydrogel-Based Strain Sensor for Motion Monitoring and Human-Machine Interaction.

Ultrasensitive and reliable conductive hydrogels are significant in the construction of human-machine twinning systems. However, in extremely cold environments, freezing severely limits the application of hydrogel-based sensors. Herein, building on biomimetics, a zwitterionic hydrogel was elaborated for human-machine interaction employing multichemical bonding synergies and experimental signal analyses. The covalent bonds, hydrogen bonds, and electrostatic interactions construct a dense double network structure favorable for stress dispersion and hydrogen bond regeneration. In particular, zwitterions and ionic conductors maintained excellent strain response (99 ms) and electrical sensitivity (gauge factor = 14.52) in the dense hydrogel structure while immobilizing water molecules to enhance the weather resistance (-68 °C). Inspired by the high sensitivity, zwitterionic hydrogel-based strain sensors and remote-control gloves were designed by analyzing the experimental signals, demonstrating promising potential applications within specialized flexible materials and human-machine symbiotic systems.

Can episodic memory deter cheating and promote altruism?

Episodic memory gives us the ability to mentally travel back in time to revisit and relive past experiences. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the function of episodic memory. According to the orthodox view, episodic memory should be considered a part of a constructive system that simulates the future for sophisticated foresight and flexible planning. In this paper, I offer a novel alternative view. I argue that episodic memory provides invaluable information about the past behavior of others, allowing us to identify reliable and trustworthy partners while avoiding dealing with cheaters. Theoretical models demonstrate that cooperation in groups can be maintained if potential partners use information about an individual’s past behavior to guide their behavior toward that individual. In these reputation-based models of human cooperation, individuals with a history of cheating are ostracized, whereas those with a history of cooperative behavior flourish. Against this theoretical background, it is possible to see a function of episodic memory in facilitating information exchange about others, helping group members make effective partner choices, and avoiding the risk of interacting with cheaters. If correct, episodic memory may have played a significant role in the evolution of human cooperation.

Research on the Teaching Resource Construction System of Computer VR Online Interactive Experiment Platform for Mechanical Engineering Graphics

The introduction of three-dimensional design experiment teaching in engineering drawing teaching. The experimental platform of "network engineering drawing" is established, and the corresponding multimedia teaching software is developed using WebVR, ASP, database and other technologies. The 3D modeling method of the reducer is established by using UGNX and optimized accordingly. In order to solve the problem that UGNX mode introduces packet loss in the simulation system, the model and data are reconstructed separately. Using VisualStudio2019 as the development platform, the 3D modeling of the reducer is realized. The establishment of the engineering graphics design virtual simulation system helps enterprises to simulate operations before actual production and processing. It greatly improves production efficiency and reduces production costs.

Research on the Identification of Rural Revitalization Potential and Precise Financial Support in Poverty-Stricken Areas

Research on the Identification of Rural Revitalization Potential and Precise Financial Support in Poverty-Stricken Areas