Construction Of Sewage Treatment Plants Research Articles

Research on Safety Evaluation of Municipal Sewage Treatment Plant Based on Improved Best-Worst Method and Fuzzy Comprehensive Method

With the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, water resources are in increasingly short supply, and the construction of sewage treatment plants can ensure the sustainable development of water resources. To eliminate the potential safety hazards of municipal sewage treatment plants and prevent safety accidents from the source, this paper takes a municipal sewage treatment plant in Changchun as the research object, puts forward the evaluation method of the “improved Best-Worst Method (BWM)—fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method”, and carries out safety evaluation research on the research object. Firstly, combined with the technological process of sewage treatment plants, the evaluation index system is constructed from four factors: human factors, material factors, environmental factors, and management factors. Secondly, the improved BWM is used to calculate the weights. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used for safety evaluation, and the evaluation of safety status is obtained: the safety level.

Processing Technology Selection for Municipal Sewage Treatment Based on a Multi-Objective Decision Model under Uncertainty.

This study considers the two factors of environmental protection and economic benefits to address municipal sewage treatment. Based on considerations regarding the sewage treatment plant construction site, processing technology, capital investment, operation costs, water pollutant emissions, water quality and other indicators, we establish a general multi-objective decision model for optimizing municipal sewage treatment plant construction. Using the construction of a sewage treatment plant in a suburb of Chengdu as an example, this paper tests the general model of multi-objective decision-making for the sewage treatment plant construction by implementing a genetic algorithm. The results show the applicability and effectiveness of the multi-objective decision model for the sewage treatment plant. This paper provides decision and technical support for the optimization of municipal sewage treatment.

Recent water quality trends in a typical semi-arid river with a sharp decrease in streamflow and construction of sewage treatment plants

Identification of the interactive responses of water quantity and quality to changes in nature and human stressors is important for the effective management of water resources. Many studies have been conducted to determine the influence of these stressors on river discharge and water quality. However, there is little information about whether sewage treatment plants can improve water quality in a region where river streamflow has decreased sharply. In this study, a seasonal trend decomposition method was used to analyze long-term (1996–2015) and seasonal trends in the streamflow and water quality of the Guanting Reservoir Basin, which is located in a semi-arid region of China. The results showed that the streamflow in the Guanting Reservoir Basin decreased sharply from 1996–2000 due to precipitation change and human activities (human use and reservoir regulation), while the streamflow decline over the longer period of time (1996–2015) could be attributed to human activities. During the same time, the river water quality improved significantly, having a positive relationship with the capacity of wastewater treatment facilities. The water quality in the Guanting Reservoir showed a deferred response to the reduced external loading, due to internal loading from sediments. These results implied that for rivers in which streamflow has declined sharply, the water quality could be improved significantly by actions to control water pollution control. This study not only provides useful information for water resource management in the Guanting Reservoir Basin, but also supports the implementation of water pollution control measures in other rivers with a sharp decline in streamflow.

Surface wastewater in Samara and their impact on water basins as water supply sources

The paper gives an overview of surface wastewater outlets in Samara through the rainwater sewer system into the Saratov water reservoir and the Samara river. The rainwater sewer system in Samara is designed and executed according to a separate scheme, except for the old part of the city, where surface run-off is dumped into the sewer system through siphoned drain. The rainwater system disposes of surface, drainage, industrial clean-contamined waters, emergency and technology discharges from the city’s heat supply and water supply systems. The effluent discharge is carried out by means of separate wastewater outlets into ravines or directly into the Samara river and the Saratov water reservoir without cleaning. The effluent discharge is carried out through the rainwater sewer system with 17 wastewater outlets into the Saratov water reservoir. In the Samara river, surface runoff drainage and clean-contamined water of industrial enterprises is carried out through 14 wastewater outlets. This study emphasizes the demand to arrange effluent discharge and construction of sewage treatment plants to prevent contamination of water objects by surface run-off from residential areas and industrial territories.

The impact of environmental regulations on the location of pollution-intensive industries in China

This study analyzes location and relocation patterns of pollution-intensive industries (PIIs) in Guangdong province, China from 2000 to 2013 to evaluate the role of environmental regulation and test the Pollution Haven Hypothesis. Panel data regressions are used to evaluate links between environmental regulation and location of PIIs, with an explicit focus on administrative structures and policies. We find that hundreds of PIIs relocated their business operations from the more developed Pearl River Delta (PRD) to the peripheral Non-Pearl River Delta (NPRD). Modeling results suggest a politically and categorically variable role of environmental regulation on location decisions involving PIIs. China's energy saving and airborne emissions reduction policies, including sulfur dioxide emission reduction targets, pushed heavy air-polluting industries from the PRD to the NPRD. However, policies requiring construction of sewage treatment plants in relocation parks prevented the formation of a pollution haven refuge for industrial wastewater in the NPRD, suggesting that the selected environmental regulations can inhibit the formation of new pollution havens.

Feasibility Study on Construction of Sewage Treatment Plant at College Campus

Feasibility Study on Construction of Sewage Treatment Plant at College Campus

Estimation of nutrient discharge from the Yangtze River to the East China Sea and the identification of nutrient sources

Based on a time-series dataset and the mass balance method, the contributions of various sources to the nutrient discharges from the Yangtze River to the East China Sea are identified. The results indicate that the nutrient concentrations vary considerably among different sections of the Yangtze River. Non-point sources are an important source of nutrients to the Yangtze River, contributing about 36% and 63% of the nitrogen and phosphorus discharged into the East China Sea, respectively. Nutrient inputs from non-point sources vary among the sections of the Yangtze River, and the contributions of non-point sources increase from upstream to downstream. Considering the rice growing patterns in the Yangtze River Basin, the synchrony of rice tillering and the wet seasons might be an important cause of the high nutrient discharge from the non-point sources. Based on our calculations, a reduction of 0.99Tg per year in total nitrogen discharges from the Yangtze River would be needed to limit the occurrences of harmful algal blooms in the East China Sea to 15 times per year. The extensive construction of sewage treatment plants in urban areas may have only a limited effect on reducing the occurrences of harmful algal blooms in the future.

The Optimized Model of Town Sewage Structure Charge and its Computing

In reference to international regional sewage pipe network and sewage treatment plant planning, the actual situation of China's villages and small town was investigated. According to the costs data from presented sewage pipe and sewage treatment plant construction system, the model on the sewage pipe network and sewage treatment plant charge was obtained. Then the model was simplified to be calculating the shortest distance between the wastewater treatment plant and the effluent discharge point. The suitable computing method for the shortest distance is building the minimum spanning tree. The software for computing was written with prim algorithm. The computing results can be used as a planning and design reference of sewage pipe network. The model method can be used for design program to select long-distance transmission or local treatment of the sewage.

A Review of Treatment Technique of Remaining Sludge Generated during the Process of Sewage Disposal

With the flooding construction of sewage treatment plants in cities, the production capacity has being increased rapidly. This paper compares the principium and advantages and disadvantages of the treatment methods systematically and proposes to apply the way to reduce the amount of the sludge on site to reduce the production radically and achieve the completed disposal of pollutant of urban wastewater, taken into account the society, economy and environment.

Recycling to Soils: a Sustainable Way of Sludge Disposal and its Practice in China

With the booming construction of sewage treatment plants aiming at environmental protection, China has to face an emerging urgent task to address the sludge treatment and disposal problem. However there is a big controversy in China about the sludge treatment and disposal strategies. Some scientists suggest incinerating, while others insist on landfilling. In this paper, from the perspective of sustainable development and cyclic economy, a detailed analysis of nutrients cycle mainly related to nitrogen and phosphate before and after industrialization was made and a view that sludge should go back to soils to re-establish a sound nutrients cycle was put forward. Then the feasibility for sludge recycle to soils was discussed and some land application methods for sludge were introduced. At last, a successful case of producing compounded fertilizer from dewatered sludge in Northeast China was described in detail.

Ecological and economic valuation of the Potengi estuary mangrove wetlands (NE, Brazil) using ancillary spatial data

This study aimed at the ecological-economic valuation of the Potengi estuary mangrove wetlands, based on the integration of spatial data (mangrove forest coverage map, Nautical Chart, Environmental Sensitivity Chart) with data from literature on the biogeochemistry of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and heavy metals in the mangrove estuary wetland Potengi) and field verification data (topographic profile of mangrove forest, GPS routes obtained in the field in the touristy sightseeing areas and plots of mariculture). The ecological and economic valuation of the services performed by the Potengi estuary mangrove wetlands, mainly as biogeochemical barrier for the transport of P, N and heavy metals in tropical coastal areas, were obtained just as if the retention of those elements was necessary by Wastewater Treatment Plants (WTP) with Stabilization Ponds, typical in the estuary, and Zeolitic plant, respectively. Closer to real scenarios were observed for obtaining the values of these ecological services, such as the release of the P, N and heavy metals in domestic and industrial sewage in the estuary, the capability of dilution and the influence of the tides in the estuary. The tourism potential of the Potengi estuary mangrove wetlands were assessed according to the current forms of use, and potential of aquaculture through the main types of farming in mangrove areas. For these ecological services, considerable values were obtained of about USS15,500/ha, such as costs of implementation and construction of sewage treatment plants, as well as costs of sewage treatment plants. Nearly US$ 12.500 / ha amount each year from tourism and aquaculture income, demonstrating the economic viability of the Potengi estuary mangrove wetlands conservation.

The application of bonded prestressed ring anchor technology in the construction of sewage treatment plants

The application of bonded prestressed ring anchor technology in the construction of sewage treatment plants

Body burden of contaminants and biological effects in mussels: An integrated approach

An investigation of contaminants and biological effects in mussels from Halifax Harbour, Nova Scotia, Canada, focused on a 6 km section in the central most industrialized core of the harbour, where a site was previously identified as highly contaminated. The aim of the study was to compare the body burden of mussels in terms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), dichlorophenyltrichloroethane (DDT family), coprostanol and elements, relative to biological parameters such as condition indices, sex ratio, survival time in air, and to biochemical indicators of mussels' health analysed in gills, digestive gland and gonad tissues. These markers are total sugar and lipid content of gonads, mitochondrial electron transport activity in digestive gland and gonad tissues, lipid peroxidation in gill, digestive gland and gonad tissues, and heme oxidase activity in the digestive gland. At the north western end of the area, near a major sewage effluent, shorter survival time, higher oxidative stress and metabolism, gonad electron transport activity, levels of coporostanol, PAH, p,p'-dichlorophenyldichlo-roethylene (p,p'-DDE), Ag, Cu, Fe and P were observed. At the opposite south eastern end, longer survival time, higher lipid content, lowest condition indices and concentrations of coprostanol, PAH and p,p'-DDE, but higher concentrations of Sn and Cd, were detected. On-going improvements to sewage treatment in Halifax Harbour, including construction of sewage treatment plants that will discharge into deeper parts of the central harbour, should improve inter-tidal mussels' health in our study area.

Nutrient Reductions to the Baltic Sea: Ecology, Costs and Benefits

The environmental conditions of the Baltic Sea have been of concern for approximately the last three decades. In spite of this concern, the Sea is far from being in good ecological condition. One important reason may be the lack of an overview of costs and benefits associated with the pollution reductions needed for the restoration of the Sea. The purpose of this study is to present the costs and benefits from reductions in the loads of nitrogen and phosphorus to the Baltic Sea. In order to obtain such estimates, interdisciplinary co-operation among researchers from economics, geography, marine biology and ecology has been carried out. The preliminary outcome from this joint research effort indicates that the total benefits of a 50% reduction in the load of nitrogen and phosphorus are about as large as the associated total costs: slightly more than SKr 30 000 million per year. The estimates also indicate that all Baltic Sea countries except Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland will obtain net gains from a program implementing a cost-effective allocation of measures. This program mainly involves various changes in agricultural practice, construction of sewage treatment plants, and wetland restoration. However, many critical assumptions underlie these results, which should therefore be interpreted with caution.

Spatial and Temporal Water Quality Trends in Severn Sound, Georgian Bay, since the Introduction of Phosphorus Control Guidelines: Nutrients and Phytoplankton, 1973 to 1991

Abstract Severn Sound continues to exhibit signs of eutrophication despite initial identification of the problem in 1969 and the construction of several sewage treatment plants since then. In general, improvements in trophic state indicators have been marginal, suggesting that the sewage treatment plants have had limited success in controlling phosphorus concentrations. These discharges likely contributed to the increased total phosphorus levels and consequently the higher phytoplankton densities of the nearshore waters. Phytoplankton biovolumes were on average one order of magnitude higher than in the open waters of Lake Huron with mean summer biovolumes as high as 8.0 mm/L. Algal biovolumes were most dense in Penetang Bay, which experienced limited exchange with the main waters of the sound. No significant long-term trends were observed. Water clarity was declining significantly, however, at a rate of -0.60 to -0.78 m/year throughout the sound except in Sturgeon Bay. Total phosphorus levels were highly variable from year to year; however, concentrations from a 20-year perspective were declining in the open waters at a rate of 0.70 µg/L/year, but response was limited in nearshore areas. In Sturgeon Bay, mean annual euphotic zone total phosphorus as well as soluble reactive phosphorus levels declined by as much as 50% following the construction of a sewage treatment plant with tertiary treatment. Phytoplankton genera typical of eutrophic waters continued to dominate the algal assemblage but members indicative of mesotrophic conditions have become apparent in some areas of the sound.

SAFE sewage technology — The Par experience

The design and construction of sewage treatment plants is coming under closer scrutiny to minimise their environmental impact. Here John Aldridge of PWT Projects Ltd describes one of the new generation of plants in the UK.

Accidental Spills – Frequency, Importance, Control, Countermeasures

Since pollution of the Rhine has been greatly reduced by the construction of sewage treatment plants, the significance of accidents for water quality has become obvious. Most accidents are of only local importance, but after an incident in 1969 the water for fighting the Sandoz warehouse fire caused the second long distance death of fish in the river in 1986. Many waterworks are effectively protected from pollution surges by a bank filtration for the water. Waterworks with direct water intake shut their intakes down temporarily when a pollution wave is flowing past. Both wastewater discharges and the river Rhine are continuously and carefully monitored. Rapidly responding biological tests and screening processes are being used to an increasing extent. A well equipped water protection police service is an additional important control element. Safety during transport and transfer of goods by ship is controlled by the regulations on transporting hazardous goods on the Rhine. Special care and safety measures are taken for loading and unloading of ships. Routine cost-free bilge emptying is an important contribution to water protection too. Accidental pollution incidents with cooling water discharges or from the outlet from treatment plants can occur from the bank. Rapid recognition and elimination of faults are essential for cooling water protection.

Water and Federalism in the 1990s

Federalism has always been an issue in water management. The phasing out of grants for the construction of sewage treatment plants, the reduction of the federal contribution for construction of water development projects, the decrease infederal expendituresfor basic water data collection, and the lack offederalfunds for state dam-safety programs have all had an impact on water management and intergovernmental relations. This article summarizes contemporary issues in intergovernmental relations and water policy. First, the relationship between water, environmental protection, and federalism is examined. Then, the shifting financial responsibility for water pollution control from the federal to state and local governments is reviewed.

Management Techniques: Sewage Plant Construction

Many recent sewage treatment plant construction efforts have been plagued by cost overruns, schedule delays, or operational difficulties. New or improved management techniques are desirable to ensure project completion within budget, on time, and with the desired degree of quality. This paper presents a management approach calling for greater owner involvement in all aspects of the project. It is suggested that overall project control can best be achieved through active owner participation in key project activities occurring during the planning, engineering/design, construction and start‐up phases. A “Preemptive Auditing TM” approach is examined, and practical management suggestions are offered.

Economic limit for the amount of reserve capacity on construction of sewage treatment plants for rapidly growing municipalities

Economic limit for the amount of reserve capacity on construction of sewage treatment plants for rapidly growing municipalities