Construction Of New Plants Research Articles

Military Industrialization of Uzbekistan in 1941—1945

The influence of the Great Patriotic War on the restructuring of the industry of Uzbekistan is considered. The materials of the National Archives of Uzbekistan are used, some of which have not been published before. It is reported that in the pre-war years, the economy of Uzbekistan was dominated by agriculture and the war became a new period of industrialization of the republic. It is stated that during the war years, during the mass evacuation, Uzbekistan received about 190 industrial enterprises from the western regions of the USSR. It is stated that such a large-scale evacuation of industry, on the one hand, created difficulties associated with the placement of equipment and people, and on the other hand, formed a disproportionately expanded industrial potential of Uzbekistan. Attention is focused on the fact that the economy withstood the main difficulties of restructuring industry on a war footing. It is proved that the new industrial centers of the country began to be of great importance for the military economy of the USSR. It is emphasized that the people of Uzbekistan heroically worked on the construction of new plants and factories, as well as on the restoration of evacuated enterprises, which, among other things, made it possible to solve the issue of a stable supply of the army with weapons, and the industry with raw materials and minerals.

The World Casts New Eyes on Nuclear

Images conjured by the mere mention of the term “nuclear energy” are almost always negative. From Chernobyl to Fukushima, the power source has a historically bad reputation and the stigma of catastrophe. Winston Churchill knew those that failed to learn from history were doomed to repeat it, and perhaps it is lessons learned that have so many countries once again casting a keen eye over conventional nuclear energy as a potential key player in the low-carbon future. For the first time in more than a decade, most Japanese are in support of restarting idled nuclear facilities, according to a poll conducted by Nikkei. Rising power prices and the potential for electricity shortages in Tokyo are said to have swayed many back to being in favor of nuclear power just 10 years after the Fukushima disaster. The poll found 53% of respondents in favor of restarting the reactors if safety could be assured, while 38% said they should remain shut. With Russia continuing its invasion into neighboring Ukraine, many European countries are looking to rid themselves of dependence on Russian natural gas imports. Many have grown so dependent they cannot fully shut the stream off for fear of economic collapse, however several are attempting to rework their own energy policies and favoring nuclear as a solution. Both France and the UK have reversed course on nuclear in recent months. Just ahead of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, French President Emmanuel Macron called for a nuclear renaissance in his country after earlier vowing to cut its reliance on nuclear power. The UK, which gets 15% of its electricity from nuclear power, had vowed to shutter all but one of its plants ahead of the Russian invasion. More recently, Prime Minister Boris Johnson is favoring the construction of new plants and boosting Britain’s electrical generation from nuclear to 25%. As for the US, at the end of 2021 there were 55 commercially operating nuclear power plants with 93 nuclear power reactors in 28 states. The newest nuclear plant to enter service in the US was Watts Bar Unit 2, which began commercial operations in 2016. Two new nuclear reactors are actively under construction: Georgia Power’s Vogtle Units 3 and 4 in Waynesboro, Georgia. A recent Pew survey found that while a majority of Americans (69%) favor the US taking steps to become carbon neutral by 2050, only around a third of US adults (35%) say the federal government should encourage the production of nuclear power, while about a quarter (26%) say the government should discourage it (Fig. 1). This survey was fielded before the Russian invasion and the renewed discussions about nuclear power it has prompted. According to the US Energy Department’s Office of Nuclear Energy, nuclear power currently provides 52% of the US’s carbon-free electricity, and the Biden administration has identified the current fleet of 93 reactors as a vital resource to achieve net-zero emissions economywide by 2050.

Організація контролю викидів шкідливих речовин цементного заводу

The increase in cement production at the existing cement plants of Ukraine may lead to an increase in emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere due to the intensification of technological processes. The second way to increase cement production is to design and build new cement plants. In this case, at the stage of project development, it is important to take into account the requirements for the control of air pollution during the operation of the cement plant. The issues of organization of control of air pollution by industrial dust of cement plant by creation of new and operation of the existing fixed points and route posts of control of concentration of industrial dust in atmospheric air are considered in the work. The number and location of the fixed checkpoints for the concentration of industrial dust depends on the number of people living close to the enterprise, and in the case of construction of new plants, it may be necessary to organize additional fixed points. As a result of the reorganization of the Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of Ukraine, the abolition of some regulations, some functions of sanitary supervision were transferred to the State Food and Consumer Service of Ukraine and the State Environmental Service of Ukraine, so there is a need to consider the organization of project of organization of construction of new enterprises. The author considers the requirements of the current State Sanitary Rules for Atmospheric Air Protection of Settlements (from chemical and biological pollution), the method of calculating concentrations in the air of harmful substances contained in emissions of enterprises, standards of Ukraine for air quality control. Conclusions: intensification of technological processes at cement plants leads to an increase in emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere, which requires constant monitoring of air pollution. Due to the abolition of some regulations and standards, it is necessary to consider the organization of control of emissions of harmful substances from cement plants in accordance with current standards of control bodies. To take into account the development of the project of organization of construction of the cement plant system of external control over emissions of harmful substances at stationary and route checkpoints.

Determinação de regiões para instalação de usinas sucroalcooleiras flex: uma abordagem multicritério para localização

Abstract The development of sugarcane varieties has allowed Brazilian ethanol plants to operate longer during the harvest, however, in the off-season they remain idle due to the absence of biomass. To increase energy safety and guarantee supply in critical periods, it has been proposed to adapt ethanol plants to the flex-biomass model, allowing the production of biofuel from corn as well. Considering the costs of building or adapting a plant, strategically defining the location is essential for optimizing ethanol production. The aim of this study is to verify whether the combination of location criteria can identify the most suitable regions for the construction of new plants and map them. The method consists of the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) with GIS techniques. We found two large continuous regions suitable for the construction of new flex ethanol plants, corresponding together to 11% of the study area. However, in these two suitable regions, only 0.33% of the territory has more than 90% suitability. Therefore, we confirmed the existence of more suitable regions and concluded that the mapping of these areas enhances the resources application, avoiding installation in inappropriate areas.

The biogas dilemma: An analysis on the social approval of large new plants

• The paper investigates the degree of social acceptance of biogas. • The determinants of citizens’ perception of new biomass plants. • Two waves of surveys has handed out in order to assess an empirical strategy. • The paper provides some insights on the social acceptability of biogas. • Results assessed the biogas acceptability. The degree of social acceptance of biogas as a renewable green energy source is still somewhat disregarded. Although many initiatives have focused on the construction of new biogas plants around the world, local protests on the construction of new plants often arise. This study aims to analyse the determinants of citizens’ perceptions regarding the construction of new biomass plants in their neighbouring areas. In particular, the focus is on prior knowledge of the production process of biogas as well as on other individual characteristics. The investigation is based on two repeated surveys conducted among the population living in two Italian areas where the construction of new large biogas plants were planned (the provinces of Oristano and Andria). The first survey analyses the main variables correlated with the degree of biogas acceptability particularly the biogas knowledge. The second survey (differentiated in two waves) focuses on the role of participatory processes and information campaigns undertaken by policy makers and environmental associations to increase the social acceptance of communities regarding the construction of new biogas plants.

Trends in Hydropower

With a global focus on reducing carbon dioxide emissions, hydro power has come to the fore as an effective means of balancing other forms of electricity production from renewable sources (wind, photovoltaics and biomass).
 The role of hydropower in the modern mix of energy has led to favorable climatic conditions for development in the construction of new plants and upgrading with the renovation of existing hydroelectric power plants.
 Especially reversible hydropower plants with modern equipment with the so-called variable speed technology have a special role, which enables stability in the primary and secondary energy regulation system.
 A noteworthy trend is the construction of new facilities with low falls with the installation of highly efficient Kaplan and Tubular turbines.
 The already built projects in the fifth and sixth decades of the previous century, especially in northern Europe, are rapidly revamped and prepared for use in the next 40 to 50 years.
 Modern and sustainable approach to designing and preparing documentation for the construction of new or renewable power plants requires the use of modern information technology with 3D design and BIM (Building information Modeling) approach. In this way, young generations of engineers and consultants are easier to communicate with each other and reduce the possibility of errors in all phases of project realization.
 Key to the realization is the contracting of projects, the big dilemma whether to have EPC (Engineering, Procurement, and Construction) contracts (turnkey) a responsibility in one place or to deal with separate lots and engage their employees to control realization in order to minimize risk.
 Special attention is given to model research and development of turbines with reciprocal tests both on the model and prototype turbines.

Application of Logistic Simulation for Transport of SFs From Kori Site to an Assumed Interim Storage Facility

A paradigm shift in the government’s energy policy was reflected in its declaration of early closure of old nuclear plants as well as cancellation of plans for the construction of new plants. To this end, unit 1 of Kori Nuclear Power Plant was permanently shut down and is set for decommission. Based on these changes, the off-site transport of spent fuels from nuclear power plants has become a critical issue. The purpose of this study is to develop an optimized method for transportation of spent fuels from Kori Nuclear Power Plant’s units 1, 2, 3, and 4 to an assumed interim storage facility by simulating the scenarios using the Flexsim software, which is widely used in logistics and manufacturing applications. The results of the simulation suggest that the optimized transport methods may contribute to the development of delivery schedule of spent fuels in the near future. Furthermore, these methods can be applied to decommissioning plan of nuclear power plants.

Světlo a sklo. Závod na lustry v Kamenickém Šenově

The study deals with an industrial complex for the production of chandeliers and lighting fixtures, built between 1966 and 1977 in Kamenický Šenov. The plant was a continuation of the local tradition of chandelier production, dating back to the first half of the 18th century. It concentrated most of the individual enterprises, nationalized in 1945, in one area. In addition to the Crystalex glass complex being built at the same time in Nový Bo r, this is the most important building in the second half of the 20th century in the Borskošenov glass region. The construction was part of a comprehensive investment initiative of socialist Czechoslovakia from the first half of the 1960s. The a im was to support the successful export industry branches by the construction of new plants, bringing foreign exchange and prestige to the national economy. Today, the plant is a part of the PRECIOSA holding and still serves its original purpose.

Automated Monitoring of Construction Sites of Electric Power Substations Using Deep Learning

With each passing year, the consumption of electric energy in Brazil and the world increases, making it necessary to adopt measures such as the construction of new plants and the installation of power distribution structures. Monitoring for construction management in companies is still done in person and manually, resulting in expenses that could be avoided. That said, there are opportunities to automate such processes using artificial intelligence and, therefore, the main objective of this work is the development of an automated constructions management system, whose goal is to increase the management and monitoring of substation constructions with the remote monitoring. The system incorporates resources of deep learning to classify the components in bays, comparing the data generated in this recognition with the engineering projects to verify the progress of the installation of these components and generating indicators of conformity and evolution of the construction. To achieve the main objective, a comparison was made among four convolutional neural network architectures: DenseNet, Inception, ResNet, and SqueezeNet, in the classification task. The models were trained with thousands of images extracted from photos of different bays captured in the field and, additionally, data augmentation techniques were applied. The models were trained using transfer learning and fine tuning starting from pre-trained weights in the ImageNet data set. All models obtained results close to 100% in the images of the test set, hence it is possible to conclude that, for the proposed problem, there was no significant difference between the assertiveness of the architectures. The chosen model was part of the final application that monitors the construction management of the bays in the electricity substations.

Small hydropower development in China: Growing challenges and transition strategy

With the great successes in improving rural electrification and reducing poverty, China's small hydropower (SHP) development is expected to provide a good example for other developing countries. However, recently, nearly all new SHP development plans have been halted, and many plants have been urged to shut down or even be removed. The SHP industry in China is now in a dilemma. This paper presents a review of the status of SHP development in China and explores the challenges troubling this industry. It was revealed that SHP resources in many provinces have been intensively exploited, with an exploration rate over 0.80, while untapped resources are primarily located in remote western provinces, such as ecologically fragile Tibet. This intensive and disordered SHP development has caused serious dewatering of rivers and affected local agricultural and household water access, which arouses fierce controversy. Moreover, the role of SHP has been gradually weakened by the extension of power grids and diversified electricity sources. Therefore, the transition and upgrade of the SHP industry has become critical to enhance its sustainable development and to provide a solid example for the world. A divergence management strategy for SHP should be adopted to achieve low-impact development, as opposed to blind large-scale development or rigidly discontinuing all projects. Future transition strategies are proposed in this paper that include delicate management of existing plants and construction of new plants with higher standards, as well as pathways for the development benefits to be shared by a wider range of local residents.

Explaining social acceptance of a municipal waste incineration plant through sociodemographic and psychoenvironmental variables

Background/aim: Municipal waste incineration plants (MWIPs) are a source of emission of diverse pollutants that have been associated with environmental and health effects, mainly in relation to premises that are old and not well equipped or maintained. As a result, the general public usually holds a negative view of such plants and tends to react adversely to construction of new plants. Understanding a population’s perceptions is key to ensuring the correct development of such infrastructure and managing population health concerns and behaviours. Methods: In this study, we surveyed 173 residents living close 10 km) to an MWIP being built in San Sebastian (Gipuzkoa, Spain) and 164 living further away (>10 km). The questionnaire included sociodemographic and psycho-environmental measures. Results: We found a fairly low acceptance rate and the perception of a high risk for human health and the environment (average scores of 0.57, 3.07 and 2.89 respectively in a 0 to 4 scale), with no statistically significant differences between people living nearby and further afield. A hierarchical regression model built to explore the public’s acceptance of the MWIP explained 59% of the variance. Dominance and relative weight analyses revealed that the most important predictors of acceptance were trust in the information provided by the local government and perceived health for human health, which accounted for the 33.7% and 27.4% of the variance explained by the model.Preference for landfilling and MWIP acceptance in another location made a less relevant role (contribution to explained variance around 15%). Conclusions: Our results shed some light on variables significantly linked to public acceptance. Public institutions and companies responsible for waste incineration infrastructures need to take into account public perceptions and deploy campaigns and interventions aiming at assuring the correct development of such projects and avoid unadjusted aversive social reactions and over magnified risk perceptions.

Current Status of Energy Production from Solid Biomass in North-West Italy

Data on the thermochemical plants fed by solid biomass in the north-west area of Italy (Liguria, Lombardy, Piedmont and Aosta Valley) have been organised, analysed and discussed. Moreover, the biomass availability and potential has been evaluated. A total of 28,167 plants have been categorised according to their typology and output: thermo-electric power plants for electricity production, thermal plants for heat production, cogeneration plants for combined heat and electricity production and district heating installations for local heating purposes. In general, separate observations for the different provinces may be drawn. Liguria stands out as the most evident case of under-exploited biomass potential, followed by Aosta Valley, which, however, is rich in hydroelectricity. Lombardy and Piedmont are more virtuous and have several plants in their territory. The construction of new plants and the upgrade of existing ones may bring noteworthy benefits, as well as the use of added value sub-products to foster circular economy approaches.

Expand, relocate, or underground? Social acceptance of upgrading wastewater treatment plants.

Securing a moderate level of social acceptance for obnoxious facilities, public facilities that have negative effects, such as odors, noise, or other disruptions, is critical to infrastructure plans. For wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), also obnoxious facilities, upgrading and expanding the capacity of existing WWTP, are more important than the construction of new plants, in some regions. This study analyzes and compares the social acceptance of different types of WWTP upgrades and capacity expansion projects. Contingent valuation method is used to elicit South Korean households' willingness to pay (WTP) for preventing the expansion of a WWTP. The aggregated WTP is interpreted from the perspective of social conflict costs. The results show that the annual mean WTP of South Korean households to prevent WWTP expansion ranges from KRW 32,058 (US $27.61) to KRW 45,793 (US $39.44) depending on spatial location, which implies that the social conflict costs for the WWTP expansion in South Korea are considerable. It is also found that an underground WWTP at current site is a best alternative to lower the social conflict costs; it is even better than relocation an existing WWTP to another area. Several related policy implications are provided based on the analysis results.

Explaining social acceptance of a municipal waste incineration plant through sociodemographic and psycho-environmental variables

Municipal waste incineration plants (MWIPs) are a source of emission of diverse pollutants that have been associated with environmental and health effects, mainly in relation to premises that are old and not well equipped or maintained. As a result, the public usually holds a negative view of such plants and tends to react adversely to construction of new plants. Understanding a population’s perceptions is key to ensuring the correct development of such infrastructure and adequately managing population health concerns and behaviours. In this study, we surveyed 173 residents living close (≤ 10 km) to an MWIP being built in San Sebastian (Gipuzkoa, Spain) and 164 living further away (>10 km). The questionnaire included sociodemographic and psycho-environmental measures. Answers to the questionnaire revealed a fairly low acceptance rate and the perception of a high risk for human health and the environment (average scores of 0.57, 3.07 and 2.89 respectively in a 0 to 4 scale), with no statistically significant differences between people living nearby and further afield. A hierarchical regression model built to explore the public’s acceptance of the MWIP explained 59% of the variance. Dominance and relative weight analyses revealed that the most important predictors of acceptance were trust in the information provided by the local government and perceived risk for human health, which accounted for 33.7% and 27.4% of the variance explained by the model respectively. Preference for landfilling and MWIP acceptance in a farther location made a less relevant contribution.

Water Treatment Emergency: Cost Evaluation Tools

The European Union is committed to enforce limitations to water pollution through specific directives (UWWTD 91/271/EEC). The delay of some EU member states in transposing these directives has had an impact on the quality of the wastewater treatment system. Therefore, it is necessary to intervene with adjustment procedures and construction of new plants. The aim of the study is to carry out an economic feasibility assessment for the construction costs of an urban wastewater treatment plant of medium-low capacity (<50,000 Population Equivalent or pe) according to a simplified process diagram, and help in the planning of new investments. We propose a methodology based on cost functions according to two different procedures: synthetic estimate of the costs for civil works and a multiple linear regression for the cost of the electromechanical equipment. These functions show a correlation between the construction costs and the population equivalent and enable us to understand it. The results show greater economic benefit in increasing wastewater treatment plants sizes serving a population equivalent of 5000 pe to 10,000 pe, while further increases are less beneficial.

ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ МНОГОСЛОЙНЫХ КОНСТРУКЦИЙ ВАРИАТРОПНОЙ СТРУКТУРЫ

The current state of the market for the production of aerated concrete in the Russian Federation and its prospects are considered. Every year, the production of cellular concrete is constantly increasing due to the construction of new plants that produce the most advanced technologies with the use of modernized equipment. However, there are technological and prescription raw materials issues. Therefore, the development of new technologies for the production of cellular concrete products due to the improvement, modernization and development of fundamentally new technological methods is highly important. The technologies for producing multilayer cellular concrete designs with a variational structure are considered. This allows to get products with high performance that meets modern requirements for energy efficiency and durability. The method of layered pouring of a cellular concrete mixture into a form with removable partitions is proposed for creating a single-layer construction of cellular concrete with variable density over the section. The integral principle is shown from small ones at the periphery, to large ones in the middle of the block, taking into account the rheological characteristics of cellular concrete mixtures and the foaming time. They provide the possibility of obtaining a design with a smooth transition of the structural heat-insulating layer to the layer without seams, air gaps and other possible defects arising during the molding of three-layer structures from non-uniform materials.

Особенности промышленного развития Юга России (Кубани и Ставрополья) на рубеже 1920—1930-х годов

The question of the development of the Kuban and Stavropol economy industrial sectors in the years of the initial stage of the industrialization plans is considered. The results of a comparative analysis of the industrial sectors of these agricultural regions in their production ratio with the agricultural sector are presented. The relevance of the study is due to the need to analyze the factors of economic interrelation of various business entities, as well as regional characteristics of economic development based on an integrated approach when analyzing the socio-economic transformations of this period. The novelty of the research is in the fact that the economic situation in these agrarian southern Russian regions is being reconstructed from the point of view of the tasks of industrial development and the effectiveness of their solution in the historical context of the corresponding epoch. Special attention is paid to the issues of interaction in this period of collectivized agriculture with industry, primarily with its two branches - food and processing. The problems of reconstruction of relevant enterprises and the construction of new plants and factories are touched upon. Their classification by industry and degree of importance is proposed. It is proved that the industrial enterprises of Stavropol and, especially, Kuban were distinguished by a multi-vector application and development of their production potential, despite the pronounced agrarian dominant in the economy of these regions.

Life-cycle impacts of pumped hydropower storage and battery storage

Energy storage is currently a key focus of the energy debate. In Germany, in particular, the increasing share of power generation from intermittent renewables within the grid requires solutions for dealing with surpluses and shortfalls at various temporal scales. Covering these requirements with the traditional centralised power plants and imports and exports will become increasingly difficult as the share of intermittent generators rises across Europe. Pumped hydropower storage plants have traditionally played a role in providing balancing and ancillary services, and continue to do so. However, the construction of new plants often requires substantial interventions into virgin landscape and bio-habitats; this is often fiercely opposed by local citizens. Utility-scale lithium ion batteries have recently entered the energy scene. Albeit much smaller than most pumped hydropower plants, they can also provide the required balancing and ancillary services. They can be constructed on brownfield sites as and where needed, to support the move towards increasingly decentralised energy systems. Although they are seen by some as a more environmentally friendly option, they do cause impacts relating to the consumption of limited natural resources during the production stage. Addressing initially technological capacity of pumped hydropower storage and utility-scale battery to meet the required services, a simplified LCA will be performed to examine the environmental impacts throughout their life cycles. This includes two sensitivity analyses. Issues addressed in this paper include also methodological issues relating to comparability and those parameters that are pivotal to the LCA result.

Knowledge Network of Toyota

IntroductionMany studies have emphasized the idea that knowledge of a firm is a source of competitive advantage (Chini, 2004; Grant, 1996; Kogut & Zander, 1992). To acquire knowledge that can become a source of competitiveness, there is a method of creating knowledge within an organization and gaining knowledge from external sources. Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995) stated that knowledge creation is a dynamic circulation process of tacit knowledge and explicit knowledge through four conversion modes. Cohen and Levinthal (1990) used the concept of absorptive capacity to explain ways in which companies evaluate, interpret, and apply external knowledge. While transferring knowledge to the required location and using it is important, knowledge transfer has cost issues, namely its stickiness (Szulanski, 1996, 2000; von Hippel, 1994). Knowledge network theories have developed to explain the process of gaining, diffusing, and transferring knowledge. Within the field of knowledge network theory, research has focused on the strength or weakness of ties (Hansen, 1999, 2002), network scope (Ernst & Kim, 2002), center of network (Ernst & Kim, 2002; Tsai, 2001), and the directionality of transfer (Chini, 2004; Kim, 2015). However, few detailed studies have explored how knowledge within networks is created, diffused, and standardized.This study comprehensively analyzes the case of Toyota Motor Corporation (Toyota) to investigate the creation, diffusion, and standardization of knowledge within a corporation. In particular, the analysis is on the function of domestic plants, the Operation Management Consulting Division (OMCD), and the Global Production Center (GPC) as nodes on Toyota's domestic knowledge network.Creation of Knowledge DiversityToyota has four domestic vehicle production plants: Motomachi, Takaoka, Tsutsumi, and Tahara. These four plants have slightly different production systems based on conditions such as car model, the ratio of exports, the number of production options, supplier relationships, and plant location constraints.One characteristic of the Toyota Production System (TPS) is kaizen activities that occur on the production floor. If the results of kaizen activities have positive effect for productivity, it becomes new work standards. These activities are conducted on the production floors of each plant and each operate under different conditions. These activities are reflected in the work standards of each plant, with the production system of each developing over time. This is how diversity of the TPS is initiated.Kaizen ideas are generated by individual workers or by small groups called QC circles. When a problem is identified on the production floor, a production floor leader confirms the problem as it occurs, investigating the circumstances surrounding the problem in detail and determining the cause. The leader then encourages the worker to generate ideas that will resolve the problem. These ideas are then compiled, and a solution is submitted (Monden, 2006).When submitting the solution, the production floor leader primarily makes a specific determination regarding various factors involved in work standards. The production floor leader determines the cycle time required to produce each unit of product as well as the order of manufacturing operation job. Production floor leaders in each plant are responsible for creating and revising work standards; this bottom-up organizational culture is characteristic of Toyota. It is one of the sources of Toyota's knowledge diversity.In labor-intensive processes such as final assembly, there are no set of universal engineering principles as can be found in other processes; thus, a chief leader (CL) and group leader (GL) have been influential in developing not only kaizen on a process but also the design of the process (Fujimoto, 1997).The construction of new plants and refurbishments to existing plants offer major opportunities to implement and test concepts for new assembly systems. …

Delays in electricity market models

From several types of material delays that can be found in literature, most System Dynamics (SD) modelers select, apparently for simplicity, first-order delays (FODs) to represent the construction and decommissioning of power plants in electricity market models, even though pipeline delays, or transport delays (PLDs) model better the entry and exit of power plants. Although both types of delays can be used for representing material delays, each one offers different results with pros and cons that need to be well considered. Therefore, this paper seeks to implement FODs and PLDs in a generic electricity market model in order to assess their effectiveness and adequacy in the closest representation of the reality. As a result, SD modelers shall see through this investigation the importance and implications of material delays in their models, but also they will be able to choose the appropriate material delays for their applications. In fact, the simulation results comparing both models markedly show that PLDs are a better approximation to model the delays of construction of new plants as well as the retirement of old plants. Accordingly, if FODs are solely used, the electricity market models not only always provide less electricity in one or various years, they also produce inaccurate values that can lead to a dangerous energy planning, mainly because they modify the dynamics of the entire system.