Construction Documentation Research Articles

공공기관 발주 대형건축공사 실시설계 기간에 대한 분석 및 개선방안 -2009년부터 2014년까지 공공발주 맞춤형 서비스 프로젝트를 중심으로 -

실시설계도서의 품질은 시공, 그리고 운영 및 관리단계에도 큰 영향을 미친다. 그리고 적절한 실시설계기간의 확보는 실시설계도서의 품질을 위해 중요한 요소이다. 따라서 이 연구는 2009년부터 2014년까지 조달청 맞춤형 서비스를 통해 발주된 총 42개의 건설프로젝트의 실시설계단계의 기간을 분석하였다. 분석에 의하면, 실제 실시설계기간은 계획 실시설계기간보다 1.33배에서 1.79배가 소요되었다. 계획 실시설계기간은 건설교통부 제2000-235호에서 고시하고 있는 방식대로 공사금액에 의해 산정하고 있었지만, 실제 실시설계기간은 공사금액과 아주 낮은 상관관계를 보였다. 이 결과를 토대로 실무자들과 인터뷰를 진행하였고, 공사금액이 실시설계기간과 낮은 상관관계를 보인 것은 이들에게 아주 잘 알려진 사실이었다. 그들은 공사의 복잡도, 설계변경의 정도, 그리고 발주처의 성향에 따라서 실시설계기간이 크게 좌우된다는 점을 언급하였다. 따라서, 실시설계도서의 품질을 향상시키기 위해서는 다양한 요소들을 실시설계기간 산정에 적용하여 적절한 기간을 산정해야하며, 고품질의 실시설계도서는 건설산업에 긍정적 효과를 불러일으킬 것으로 보인다. This paper analyzes the duration of the construction document (CD) phase of 42 large public building projects delivered by the total solution service of Public Procurement Services in Korea from 2009 to 2014. The quality of construction documents significantly affects the quality of construction and facility management. Thus, securing appropriate time for the CD phase during project planning is important for the quality of a project. Currently, the duration of the CD phase is planned based on the construction costs of a project following a notice of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport. However, our analysis results showed that the correlation between the actual duration of the CD phase and construction costs is very weak. The actual CD phase takes 1.33-1.79 times longer than the planned duration. The practitioners who were interviewed, were already aware that the correlation between the duration of the CD phase and the construction costs is weak. They identified the complexity of the project, the extent of the design changes, project type, client characteristics, and others as more influential factors on the CD phase than the construction costs. To improve the quality of CDs, a new guideline for determining an adequate CD phase duration should be studied and developed.

Constructing a modern cytology laboratory: A toolkit for planning and design

Introduction:Constructing or renovating a laboratory can be both challenging and rewarding. UAB Cytology (UAB CY) recently undertook a project to relocate from a building constructed in 1928 to new space. UAB CY is part of an academic center that provides service to a large set of patients, support training of one cytotechnology program and one cytopathology fellowship training program and involve actively in research and scholarly activity. Our objectives were to provide a safe, aesthetically pleasing space and gain efficiencies through lean processes.Methods:The phases of any laboratory design project are Planning, Schematic Design (SD), Design Development (DD), Construction Documents (CD) and Construction. Lab personnel are most critical in the Planning phase. During this time stakeholders, relationships, budget, square footage and equipment were identified. Equipment lists, including what would be relocated, purchased new and projected for future growth ensure that utilities were matched to expected need. A chemical inventory was prepared and adequate storage space was planned. Regulatory and safety requirements were discussed. Tours and high level process flow diagrams helped architects and engineers understand the laboratory daily work. Future needs were addressed through a questionnaire which identified potential areas of growth and technological change. Throughout the project, decisions were driven by data from the planning phase. During the SD phase, objective information from the first phase was used by architects and planners to create a general floor plan. This was the basis of a series of meetings to brainstorm and suggest modifications. DD brings more detail to the plans with engineering, casework, equipment specifics, finishes. Design changes should be completed at this phase. The next phase, CD took the project from the lab purview into purely technical mode. Construction documents were used by the contractor for the bidding process and ultimately the Construction phase.Results:The project fitted out a total of 9,000 square feet; 4,000 laboratory and 5,000 office/support. Lab space includes areas for Prep, CT screening, sign out and Imaging. Adjacent space houses faculty offices and conferencing facilities. Transportation time was reduced (waste removal) by a Pneumatic Tube System, specimen drop window to Prep Lab and a pass thru window to the screening area. Open screening and prep areas allow visual management control. Efficiencies were gained by ergonomically placing CT Manual and Imaging microscopes and computers in close proximity, also facilitating a paperless workflow for additional savings. Logistically, closer proximity to Surgical Pathology maximized the natural synergies between the areas.Conclusions:Lab construction should be a systematic process based on sound principles for safety, high quality testing, and finance. Our detailed planning and design process can be a model for others undertaking similar projects