Implementation Constraints Research Articles

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRACTICES: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW OF INDIA AND GCC NATIONS

This systematic literature review aims to review the effect of corporate governance on the firm’s financial performance and relationship between corporate governance mechanisms, government regulation and firm financial performance across different regions. The review therefore integrates conclusions from several related papers to establish how good governance practices improve sustainability, profitability, and investor satisfaction of firms. Applying the analytic approach studying the reaction of the corporate boards indicating that their diverse and actively participating in the strategic decision making has a positive impact to the increase of the financial performance and the betterment of their corporate health. In the similar vein, this study defines how strong regulatory measures that align them to the hubs and local fiscal and culture settings influences transparency and accountability to fuel financial performance. This study also reveals the new implementation problems and constraints of the governance practice including differential application of the laws and rules, and dynamic requirements for the local and global business environments for the models of the governance. The results accentuate the importance and continuous need for governance changes and serve as a platform for further research, especially focusing on digital governance and ESG factors. This research will therefore fit into this existing body of knowledge by showing how corporate governance is an imperative prerequisite for sustainable business success and stakeholder trust.

Implementation Execution Decision Court Industrial Relations Bandung Dispute over Termination of Employment Through Bankruptcy

Study This discusses the implementation execution decision of the Court Industrial Relations (PHI) Bandung-related dispute Termination Connection Work (PHK) through mechanism bankruptcy. PHI decisions often face​ constraints in implementation, especially in unsolved layoff disputes that can quickly be executed. Bankruptcy is one of the instruments used​ to ensure workers' rights are fulfilled when the Company has financial trouble. Research This is to study how the bankruptcy process can be used as a road alternative for finishing layoff disputes and challenging the law's implementation. The research uses a legal normative approach supported by case PHI Bandung decision studies. Research results show that although Bankruptcy can become a practical solution, it requires synergy between the court and curator so execution can run optimally.

Comparative analysis of data protection regulations in East African countries

Purpose Protection of personal data is integral to the digital economy, ensuring trust and privacy as its foundational elements. The purpose of this study is to analyze data protection laws in Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda and Rwanda to understand their legal frameworks and identify challenges hindering their effective implementation. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a comparative exploratory case study approach, analyzing legal frameworks of four East African (EA) countries through examination of legal documents, official reports and academic articles. The dimensions of analysis include registration, supervisory authority, data subject rights and cross-border data transfer regulations. Findings While all four EA countries are in the process of enacting data protection acts, they differ in scope, provisions and enforcement; more needs to be done to ensure mature data protection in these countries. The commonalities and distinctions in the legal frameworks are underscored, providing a mapping of data protection regulations in the EA region. Moreover, this study reports implementation constraints and areas for improvement. Practical implications The findings of this study provide valuable insights for policymakers, highlighting areas where data protection regulations can be improved. The results of this study can guide harmonizing regional data protection laws, ensuring consistent and effective enforcement. This study offers a foundation for future policy development and regional cooperation on data protection issues. Social implications The social implications of this research lie in its potential to shape public attitudes on data protection and privacy rights. By highlighting these concerns, this study may influence societal norms and values, encouraging a more informed and conscientious public discourse on inclusive policies that consider the diverse needs of different regional populations. Originality/value This study provides a pioneering comparative analysis of data protection regulations across four EA countries, offering unique insights into the regional variations and commonalities in legal frameworks. Its value lies in informing future policy development, enhancing regional cooperation and contributing to the harmonization of data protection practices in the selected EA countries, which remains an under-explored area in existing literature.

Da_Tracker: Automated workflow for high throughput single cell and single phagosome tracking in infected cells.

Time-lapse microscopy has emerged as a crucial tool in cell biology, facilitating a deeper understanding of dynamic cellular processes. While existing tracking tools have proven effective in detecting and monitoring objects over time, the quantification of signals within these tracked objects often faces implementation constraints. In the context of infectious diseases, the quantification of signals at localized compartments within the cell and around intracellular pathogens can provide even deeper insight into the interactions between the pathogen and host cell organelles. Existing quantitative analysis at a single-phagosome level remains limited and dependent on manual tracking methods. We developed a near-fully automated workflow that performs with limited bias, high-throughput cell segmentation and quantitative tracking of both single cell and single bacterium/phagosome within multi-channel, z-stack, time-lapse confocal microscopy videos. We took advantage of the PyImageJ library to bring Fiji functionality into a Python environment and combined deep-learning-based segmentation from Cellpose with tracking algorithms from Trackmate. The 'da_tracker' workflow provides a versatile toolkit of functions for measuring relevant signal parameters at the single-cell level (such as velocity or bacterial burden) and at the single-phagosome level (i.e. assessment of phagosome maturation over time). Its capabilities in both single-cell and single-phagosome quantification, its flexibility and open-source nature should assist studies that aim to decipher for example the pathogenicity of bacteria and the mechanism of virulence factors that could pave the way for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches.

Power system planning in the energy transition era: the case of Vietnam's power development plan 8

ABSTRACT This review examines Vietnam's eighth Power Development Plan (PDP8), analyzing how it reveals tensions between traditional energy planning concepts and emerging realities. PDP8 aimed to balance renewable energy and natural gas priorities amidst Vietnam's rapidly changing energy landscape. The planning process struggled to incorporate uncertainties like technology cost declines and global energy crises. Although following a conventional optimization approach, PDP8 underwent repeated delays and pivots, pointing to misalignment between rational planning ideals and implementation constraints. The case study highlights the limitations of ‘plan to build’ methods focused on rigid engineering blueprints. Instead, Vietnam's energy transition requires strategic approaches that embrace flexibility and scenario analysis. Based on years of participative observation, two interview surveys, and extensive corpus analysis, the review traces PDP8's evolution towards more open-ended strategies. While still detailing infrastructure projects, PDP8 defines adaptive implementation mechanisms and conditional goals dependent on external finance. This shift from project lists to navigational thinking illustrates the need for energy planning to incorporate uncertainty and maintain the capacity to adjust. PDP8 represents a transitional compromise between traditional ten-year planning and emerging ‘plan to drive’ concepts focused on navigating change with annual updates to the Plan.

Novel additive lamination manufacturing system for rapid fabrication of large-scale reinforced structural members

PurposeAdditive lamination manufacturing (ALM), as a novel additive manufacturing technology, builds up the geometry via the lamination of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) fabric laterally, rendering it suitable for fabricating large-scale Stay-in-Place concrete formwork. This paper aims to investigate the control parameters and structure performance of ALM and assess its application for the fabrication of large-scale concrete formwork.Design/methodology/approachBased on previous feasibility studies, this research systematically investigates the control and material parameters that influence horizontal and vertical extrusion speeds, as well as the overall quality of ALM. Once the system parameters are established, a series of prototypes are fabricated and tested to validate the tensile strength of the formwork and its reinforcement capabilities. In addition, this study assesses the potential geometric freedom and implementation constraints of ALM.FindingsThis research identifies the essential control parameters for path planning in ALM and examines their impact on fabrication. In addition, this paper evaluates ALM’s strengths and limitations in producing concrete formwork for large-scale concrete structures, comparing these to industry benchmarks.Originality/valueA critical challenge in additive manufacturing lies in its scalability and compatibility with existing construction processes. In comparison to concrete, FRP offers advantages such as being lighter, easier to handle and providing surface protection and reinforcement. These qualities make FRP superior for formwork and compatible with existing building standards. Despite its advantages and potential, the current path planning and control model in 3D printing do not apply to ALM due to its novel build-up process. Also, the performance of fabricated parts as part of integrated large-scale structures is yet to be studied.

Prerequisites and barriers to telerehabilitation in patients with neurological conditions: A narrative review.

A field of study that uses telerehabilitation (TR) is neurorehabilitation; however, standards for medical and technological applications, medicolegal and ethical regulations, and other aspects of neuro-TR are still being developed. To address the prerequisites and barriers for implementing TR in neurorehabilitation in the light of present findings. A narrative review was conducted based on specific questions about the prerequisites for neuro-TR and barriers to its implication. According to a foreground search strategy in the context of neurorehabilitation using TR in neurological patient population, PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were searched and reviewed. Barriers and prerequisites for neuro-TR were mostly grouped under the categories of administrative/organizational, human (beneficiaries/providers), technical, and ethical. Apart from the technical framework, knowledge and the presence of an administrative leader responsible for overseeing TR are crucial prerequisites. The internet and technological constraints rank highest among the barriers. Since neuro-TR is relatively new with minimal guidelines and regulations, highly technologic, and lack of established practices, it is imperative to determine and fully comprehend the criteria for its uses. After the prerequisites are established, it is imperative to recognize and address implementation constraints, which may differ depending on the community's infrastructure and neurologic condition.

Keniscayaan Merintis Program Kreatif Produktif Di Usia Tua Desa Tegalsari Kecamatan Plered Kabupaten Cirebon

This paper was prepared as a contribution from KPM students of Bunga Bangsa Islamic University Cirebon who are concerned about the welfare of elderly. The paradigm that the elderly population is not economically productive and often suffers from various diseases has become a special concern for students in community service programs. Various activities are carried out to stimulate the fine and gross motor skills of the elderly, which at the same time proves that they need attention and appreciation from society, family, and the state. The implications of this community service program are very positive for the elderly in Tegalsari Village, Plered District, Cirebon Regency. Although there are time constraints in program implementation, this can be overcome by creating successor cadres. overcome by creating successor cadres who are able to continue the program. Thus, the benefits can be felt sustainably by the elderly community in the village. Students hope that this effort will not only improve the welfare of the elderly but also build community awareness of the importance of their role and support. Through this service, it is hoped that a society that cares more and appreciates the existence of the elderly as an important part of the community will be realized

Peran Standar Pengelolaan PAUD dalam Meningkatkan Perkembangan Sosial Anak Usia Dini

This research discusses the role of preschool management standards in improving early childhood social development in Indonesia. preschool plays a crucial role in children's development, with curriculum, teaching methods, infrastructure, and parental and community involvement being key elements in ensuring quality education. Good preschool management standards can create a conducive learning environment, encourage healthy social interactions, and support the development of children's social skills. The research uses the literature study method by collecting data from various relevant sources such as books, scientific journals, articles and official documents. The analysis shows that Total Quality Management (TQM) indicators, such as leadership, commitment, customer focus, data measurement and analysis, and continuous improvement, can be applied in preschool management to improve service quality. Although there are implementation constraints, such as uneven quality of preschool and lack of a comprehensive assessment system, this study provides recommendations to improve access to educational resources, develop an objective assessment system, and increase parental and community involvement. With collaborative efforts from various parties, the quality of early childhood education in Indonesia can be improved, ultimately supporting children's optimal social development.

Implementation of Community Development and Empowerment Programs in Samarinda City: An Analysis of Online News Articles

This paper seeks to explore how online news media frame the achievement of the implementation of the community development and empowerment program (Pro Bebaya) in Samarinda City. This research investigates the success factors, obstacles, and challenges in implementing Pro Bebaya. This research aims to evaluate the implementation of the Pro Bebaya policy and assist the government, local parliament (DPRD), and the community in planning future policy programs. This research uses an inductive methodology to conduct content and qualitative narrative analysis of news stories published between January 2022 and February 2023. The dataset consists of articles from eleven leading online news sites in Indonesia. Qualitative content analysis shows that the news media Antaranews, Infosatu, Kaltimminutes, and Timeskaltim do much reporting on the achievement of the implementation of Pro Bebaya. Other success factors' findings include involvement and coordination with stakeholders, a control system, socialization by the government to the community, information sharing, tangible changes in infrastructure, and increasingly developed apparatus knowledge. Then, these factors led to the smooth implementation of program activities. Further but insignificant are the barriers and challenges, such as the lack of community involvement and knowledge in program implementation and budget constraints. Our findings support the argument that implementing government decisions or policies is based on actual action practices.

Enhancing interpretability in data-driven modeling of photovoltaic inverter systems through digital twin approach

The utilization of data-driven modeling techniques has been extensively employed in the simulation analysis, power prediction, and condition monitoring of photovoltaic power generation systems. However, the absence of interpretability regarding the intrinsic mechanisms in the modeling process has resulted in numerous constraints in practical implementation and subsequent promotion. To this end, we propose a novel digital twin modeling approach that eliminates the need for injecting additional signals or sensors, estimating unknown parameters in the mechanism model solely by using operational data from physical systems. A time synchronization filter was added to address the frequency mismatch between the actual sampling frequency and the solution step size. The results of numerical research indicate that the proposed digital twin model has the ability to accurately simulate the dynamic characteristics of photovoltaic grid connected inverters. The digital twin model of photovoltaic inverters has achieved good results in the cross experiment of device degradation trend monitoring, indicating that the proposed method is expected to make significant contributions to the simulation, power prediction, and degradation monitoring of grid connected photovoltaic systems.

Human Aspects of IFRS: A Review of IFRS Implementation Constraints and HR based Solutions to Them

Human Aspects of IFRS: A Review of IFRS Implementation Constraints and HR based Solutions to Them

From Boardrooms to Classrooms: How Interorganizational Networks Influence Education Policy Adoption

This paper examines how relationships among government and “outside” organizations influenced policy implementation of new dropout prediction data systems. Using comparative historical and network analyses of three cities, I suggest the concept of interorganizational coupling—highlighting how the dependence and (in)formal collaborations among local school improvement organizations affected implementation speed, variation, and constraint. In Chicago, the loosely coupled system influenced slow and varied implementation, sustained by interpersonal relations and challenged by unclear division of labor. In Philadelphia, the tightly coupled system shaped swift and uniform changes, constrained by questions of sustainability. In New York, the tightening system led to fast yet variable transformations, limited by competition among organizations. Broadly, the article contributes to studies of education policies, interorganizational networks, and school improvement.

Implementation of Honesty Canteen Program as Character Education Strategy in Elementary Schools

Integrity character, particularly the value of honesty, among elementary school students often faces significant challenges. Studies on cheating in exams and reports from teachers and school supervisors provide concrete evidence that this issue remains relevant and requires serious attention. The aim of this research is to describe the implementation of the honesty canteen program as a character education strategy at State Elementary School 10 Regol Garut. A qualitative approach using a case study method was employed in this research. Data collection techniques included observation and in-depth interviews. Data analysis followed the Miles and Huberman model, utilizing data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification techniques. The findings indicate that integrity character education in elementary schools is carried out through four activities: routine activities, spontaneous activities, exemplary activities, and conditioning, with the implementation of two systems, namely self-service and active student involvement. However, several challenges persist, such as some students' difficulty in practicing honesty, income disparities, and implementation constraints. Efforts to address these challenges include issuing warnings, providing guidance, and enhancing service quality and management. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the implementation of the honesty canteen program as part of efforts to enhance the integrity character of elementary school students.

A framework for climate change adaptation of port infrastructures

Adaptation of port infrastructures to climate change and sea level rise effects is highlighted as a key field among transportation systems’ lines of action for adaptation, given their highly exposed location in coastal areas and position as critical nodes in logistic chains and local, regional and national economies. The present work proposes an adaptation assessment framework that, based on a high-resolution compound climate risk assessment, identifies the main threats that climate change may pose to port performance, defines a set of optimized adaptation measures and characterizes constraints for implementation, and finally evaluates the applicability and effectiveness of these measures under diverse climate scenarios and different time frames. The framework is applied in a study case located in the northern coast of Spain. It is shown that the proposed methodology enables port managers and planners to develop tailor-fitted adaptation plans, providing tools to make them coherent with actual and future uncertain climate conditions.

An assessment of agroforestry as a climate‐smart practice: Evidences from farmers of northwestern region of Bangladesh

AbstractAgroforestry systems have grown significantly in popularity in Bangladesh during recent years due to their favorable effects on the environment and human health. These systems are essential for supporting sustainable agriculture because they increase diversity, improve food security, and provide revenue. This study's main objective is to show how agroforestry is a widely used ecological and climate‐resilient practice in Bangladesh. The research explores investment analysis, adoption‐influencing factors, and a strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis of agroforestry practices. A total of 340 respondents were chosen for this extensive study using a multistage random selection technique. The results showed a discrepancy in practice, with farmers exhibiting a high degree of awareness but limited application. Financial analysis employing metrics such as benefit‐cost ratio, net present value, and internal rate of return favored agroforestry, indicating its economic viability and potential benefits for adopters. Additionally, the adoption of agroforestry was found to be significantly influenced by a binary logistic regression model that highlighted several important features, including larger farm sizes, younger age groups, greater education levels, training experiences, frequent extension visits, and enhanced market access. The study also identified barriers to adoption, such as a lack of trained labor, poor technical assistance, and education. This thorough analysis clarifies the opportunities and constraints for agroforestry implementation in Bangladesh. It suggests broad adoption by means of focused training initiatives that empower farmers, provide observable advantages, and promote nationwide acceptance.

A new model for selecting valued components in environmental assessment: Lessons from an Indigenous-led cumulative effects management program

Valued components (VCs) are at the core of impact assessment (IA), cumulative effects management (CEM), and other environmental planning and management processes. However, the research that exists on VC selection identifies major conceptual and methodological flaws in the conventional approaches used in most project-based IAs, including poor understanding, inadequate guidance, insufficient engagement with local stakeholders and Indigenous communities, and failure to incorporate local and Indigenous perspectives, knowledge, and values in decision-making. To address these flaws, this paper proposes a new community-based method for selecting VCs, which was developed in the Indigenous-led CEM program of the Metlakatla First Nation (located on the northwest coast of Canada). The new VC selection method is grounded in Indigenous values and informed by Indigenous and local knowledge as well as scientific research. It uses a six-step approach to identify VCs and prioritize them, based on clear decision-making criteria, deliberative community dialogue, and explicit consideration of implementation constraints. The Metlakatla First Nation used this method to identify high-priority VCs for their CEM program, but the method could also be adapted for use in project-based IA and other planning and management processes to improve VC selection. A comparison of the results of the application of the new method in the Metlakatla CEM Program with the results of a recent conventional proponent-led IA of a large industrial project in Metlakatla territory shows that the new method addresses many of the deficiencies in the conventional model and generates a substantially different set of high-priority VCs that better reflect Indigenous values and knowledge.

Regional Government Policy in the Implementation of Child-Friendly City: An Analysis of Way Kanan District

The child-friendly city concept implementation in Way Kanan City is intended to fulfill the needs of children's rights there. This paper aims to contribute to policymakers’ implementation of child-friendly cities, especially in developing countries, by analyzing how child-friendly cities are implemented and the challenges faced. This article was created using socio-legal research methods. The results of this study show that the implementation is carried out by the Office of Women's Empowerment and Child Protection through several stages, namely, KLA development planning in the form of preparing Regional Action Plans, then implementing KLA development in the form of KLA programs’ implementation by involving all resources and implementing child-friendly school programs as well as monitoring and evaluating KLA development regularly. Implementation constraints come from internal factors. Challenges include limited human resources and an inability to understand women's empowerment and child protection issues, which affect socialization. Public facilities also need improvement to meet child-friendly standards. Meanwhile, technical coordination issues and misunderstandings about the KLA program's purpose arise due to external factors. Societal attitudes towards violence as education hinder program implementation. The suggestion for this research is to improve coordination between stakeholders or increase cooperation with partners to overcome problems regarding the lack of human resources, increase the budget and optimize the implementation of child-friendly city efforts.

Port Access Fluidity Management during a Major Extension Project: A Simulation-Based Case Study

The increasing demand for freight services and the use of larger vessels to meet this demand has led to challenges related to storage space and logistics activities, highlighting the need for improvements in port infrastructure for better logistics management. At a crucial phase in its growth, the Port of Trois-Rivières in Canada is planning a major expansion, including the construction of a new terminal to enhance its hosting capacities and freight services. This expansion faces potential access congestion problems during the planned construction, exacerbated by the port’s urban setting. In response to the needs identified by the port authorities for this event, the study’s objective is to assess the implications of increased construction and freight truck flows on access gate fluidity and the impact of additional access infrastructure investment to mitigate potential congestion. These evaluations aim to define effective access management strategies throughout the construction period of the new terminal. To address these complexities, our approach is based on scenario analysis in variants co-constructed with the partner. These scenarios are evaluated using simulation models, configured according to parameters calibrated with a granularity that allows congestion detection. The results enabled an evaluation of the capability of existing and potential gates to manage access. Subsequently, recommendations were shaped in accordance with the expected objectives to manage access traffic effectively. These recommendations concern the optimization of construction activity planning, the layout and planning of access, and the importance of enhanced collaboration between municipal and port authorities for more controlled road traffic management. Recognizing the importance of synchromodality, road network centrality management, and the outsourcing of capacity through inter-port cooperation and with dry ports to manage congestion, these tools will be discussed in this work. The study proposes an approach that reconciles scientific rigor with the implementation constraints of the proposed solutions, allowing this study wider applicability in various port contexts facing challenges in this field of study.

Analysis of Implementation Factors and Constraints of Occupational Health and Safety in Multi-Story Building Construction Projects

The implementation of occupational safety and health is one of the key factors in construction project execution, and fundamentally, construction projects involve many hazardous elements. This research aims to analyze the implementation factors and challenges that occur in the application of occupational safety and health (OSH) in high-rise building construction projects by distributing questionnaires to contractors and consultants to obtain data for subsequent analysis. Based on data analysis, nine implementation factors and obstacles in OSH application in building projects were identified, namely workplace safety in the project (X1), equipment and work attire (X2), fire safety (X3), protection of the public (X4), worker health (X5), worker communication (X6), general factors (X7), obstacles from the company's perspective (X8), and obstacles from the worker's perspective (X9). These results were then tested for validity and reliability to determine their validity and reliability, and they were analyzed using descriptive analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. The results of the descriptive analysis indicate that the highest or most frequently implemented OSH factor is the protection of the public (X4) with a mean value of 3.725 and a standard deviation of 0.459. Among the obstacles to OSH implementation, the highest or most frequently occurring factor is the obstacles from the company's perspective (X8) with a mean value of 3.620 and a standard deviation of 0.500. The results of the Pearson correlation analysis show that equipment and work attire (X2) and protection of the public (X4) have the highest correlation value, which is 0.825, indicating a very strong relationship.