Characteristics Of Constituents Research Articles

Strategi Komunikasi Caleg Petahana DPRD Kota Padang

This research aims to understand the communication strategies of incumbent candidates of the Regional House of Representatives in Padang City who were successfully re-elected in the 2024 elections. A qualitative method was used, with three candidate informants and five constituents. The data was analyzed using James E. Grunig's dialogue theory. The main findings reveal three strategies: adjustment of communication language, strengthening emotional relationships, and maintenance of good relations and empathy. This research has important implications for political communication practitioners and researchers. It highlights the significance of two-way communication and public engagement in building relationships between politicians and constituents. It also emphasizes the importance of building emotional relationships and empathy, as they contribute to increased constituent trust and support. Additionally, the research suggests adjusting communication strategies according to constituent characteristics.

Temporal variation in quality characteristics of nutritional constituents and bacterial community during dry salt-fermentation of hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha)

Nutritional constituents and bacterial community of hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) at different stages of dry salt-fermentation; namely, F1 (after 2 days of salting), F2 (after 5 days of salting) and F3 (ripe product after 15 days of salting) was studied. Dry salt-fermentation did not negatively affect proximate biochemical composition. Total protein content in F1, F2 and F3 was 10.14, 22.30 and 16.21 mg/ml, respectively. With progression of ripening process, protein solubility gradually decreased. In all stages, about 98% protein digestibility was found. TBARS (Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) values at F1, F2 and F3 stages was 0.30, 0.41 and 0.95 mg MDA/kg, respectively and within acceptable limit. A total of 3,248 OTUs were found. Of the identified 48 phyla, Proteobacteria (66%), Firmicutes (18%) and Bacteroidota (11%) were abundant at F1 stage but Firmicutes (82%) and Proteobacteria (9%) were dominant at F3 stage. Significant differences in the microbial β-diversity among initial, interim and ripe product were observed. There was no significant α-diversity difference at individual stages of dry salt-fermentation of hilsa. Functional gene profile revealed that, in the final product microbial genes related to organismal systems replaced human disease related genes found in initial and interim product. These findings provide new clues for in-depth characterization of salt-fermented foods from viewpoint of food chemistry and microbiology.Graphical

The geography of educational voting: Understanding where individuals with similar qualifications vote differently across Britain

This study offers a novel account of the geographical variation in the association of educational attainment with electoral behaviour. It estimates multilevel random-coefficient models using survey data from the British Election Study Internet Panel and data on constituency characteristics to explore the extent to which, and reasons why, the voting behaviours of individuals with identical qualifications varied across different types of parliamentary constituencies in British general elections from 2015 to 2019. We find the geography of this educational cleavage has not been evenly distributed in recent years. While the individual-level association of educational attainment and vote choice indeed varied geographically at the 2015, 2017 and 2019 general elections, there is only limited evidence to suggest that similarly educated individuals voted differently in constituencies with low and high densities of persons with high levels of education. Rather, our findings suggest that constituency left behind-ness (broadly defined) is the most important factor in explaining the spatial heterogeneity of education-based voting in recent British general elections.

Evaluation of Lippia scaberrima Sond. and Aspalathus linearis (Burm.f.) R. Dahlgren extracts on human CYP enzymes and gold nanoparticle synthesis: implications for drug metabolism and cytotoxicity

BackgroundMetabolism is an important component of the kinetic characteristics of herbal constituents, and it often determines the internal dose and concentration of these effective constituents at the target site. The metabolic profile of plant extracts and pure compounds need to be determined for any possible herb-drug metabolic interactions that might occur.MethodsVarious concentrations of the essential oil of Lippia scaberrima, the ethanolic extract of Lippia scaberrima alone and their combinations with fermented and unfermented Aspalathus linearis extract were used to determine the inhibitory potential on placental, microsomal and recombinant human hepatic Cytochrome P450 enzymes. Furthermore, the study investigated the synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles from the ethanolic extract of Lippia scaberrima as a lead sample. Confirmation and characterization of the synthesized gold nanoparticles were conducted through various methods. Additionally, the cytotoxic properties of the ethanolic extract of Lippia scaberrima were compared with the gold nanoparticles synthesized from Lippia scaberrima using gum arabic as a capping agent.ResultsAll the samples showed varying levels of CYP inhibition. The most potent inhibition took place for CYP2C19 and CYP1B1 with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of less than 0.05 µg/L for the essential oil tested and IC50-values between 0.05 µg/L-1 µg/L for all the other combinations and extracts tested, respectively. For both CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 the IC50-values for the essential oil, the extracts and combinations were found in the range of 1 – 10 µg/L. The majority of the IC50 values found were higher than 10 µg/L and, therefore, were found to have no inhibition against the CYP enzymes tested.ConclusionTherefore, the essential oil of Lippia scaberrima, the ethanolic extract of Lippia scaberrima alone and their combinations with Aspalathus linearis do not possess any clinically significant CYP interaction potential and may be further investigated for their adjuvant potential for use in the tuberculosis treatment regimen. Furthermore, it was shown that the cytotoxic potential of the Lippia scaberrima gold nanoparticles was reduced by twofold when compared to the ethanolic extract of Lippia scaberrima.

Conceptualizing community scientific literacy: Results from a systematic literature review and a Delphi method survey of experts

AbstractThe predominant conceptualization of scientific literacy occurs on the micro scale of an individual person. However, scientific literacy can also be exhibited at the meso scale by groups of people in communities of place, practice, or interest. What comprises this community level scientific literacy (CSL) is both understudied and undertheorized. In this paper, we utilized a systematic literature review to describe how CSL is characterized in the extant literature and a Delphi survey of experts to elicit more current thought. Guided by cultural‐historical activity theory, inductive and deductive analyses produced seven elements of CSL and their constituent characteristics: (1) resources, (2) attributes of those resources, (3) actors, (4) interactions between actors, (5) contexts, (6) topics, and (7) purposes. The typology created through this process is meant to be generative, serving as a starting point for continuing refinement within science education and other fields related to science learning and knowing.

Conversion Characteristics of Chemical Constituents in Liriodendron tulipifera and Their Influences on Biomass Recalcitrance during Acid-Catalyzed Organosolv Pretreatment

Conversion Characteristics of Chemical Constituents in Liriodendron tulipifera and Their Influences on Biomass Recalcitrance during Acid-Catalyzed Organosolv Pretreatment

УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ЛИДЕРСТВОМ И СОВРЕМЕННыЙ ПРОФИЛь КЛЮЧЕВых КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ РУКОВОДИТЕЛЯ

This article examines trends in reorientation in the management system from the position of managing the company’s development strategy to shorter-term, operational management, the characteristic feature of which is survival in the market and stabilization of the company’s existing position. The scale of geopolitical influence and economic changes, the situation with the demographic crisis, social infrastructure, constant technological innovations, and the latest forms of interaction between organizations and employees force a significant change in the composition of the competencies that the top management of organizations and their management teams should have. The profile of modern key competencies of the top management of the organization can be characterized as anti-crisis with the use of tactics in which the dominant position is occupied by orientation to the final result. To form a profile of competencies and find their necessary balance in the future, with a perspective for the coming years, the following clusters are considered: tasks, strategy, personality, leadership. The article describes in detail the constituent characteristics of each cluster.

Pharmacognostical and Pharmaceutical Analysis of Haritakyadi Vataka- An Ayurvedic Herbo-mineral formulation for Amajirna

Background: Haritakyadi Vataka is mentioned by Acharya Bhavprakash as a drug for the management of Amajirna. So, for initialization of standardization and assurance of the quality of herbal compounds pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical analysis should be done. Methods: Haritaki and Sunthi Churna were subjected to microscopic evaluation for pharmacognostical and physicochemical analysis like Loss on drying, Specific gravity, Saponification, Refractive index, Acid value and High-performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). Results: Pharmacognostical study showed the presence of certain identifying characters of the ingredients of Haritakyadi Vataka like Haritaki, Sunthi. In pharmaceutical study, preliminary physiochemical analysis showed that loss on drying in Haritaki and Sunthi Churna was 3.25 and 4.07%w/w, ash value 3.07%w/w and 5.76%w/w, water soluble extract 24.1% and 10.44%, alcohol soluble extract 19.7% and 7.6% and Ph value 5 and 6.5 respectively. Conclusions: Pharmacognostical and physico-chemical observations revealed the specific characteristics of all active constituents of Haritakyadi Vataka and confirmed the purity and genuinity of the drug.

Variation in State Response to Open Access: Constituent Characteristics

Variation in State Response to Open Access: Constituent Characteristics

Migration Museums as Spaces for Intercultural Dialogue: The Museu da Imigração de São Paulo as a Facilitator of Participatory Practices

ABSTRACT Migration museums and, in particular, the Museu da Imigração do Estado de São Paulo, represent a variant of the museum of society. By constituting a local heritage dedicated to immigration, the museum develops a participatory approach with communities of immigrant origin, highlighting its memorial character and facilitating the institution’s more inclusive identity. These museums often favour an interdisciplinary approach to the subject These new perspectives challenge museum experts’ and visitors’ own paradigms about the represented group or society. This article puts into perspective the constituent characteristics of immigration museums with those of society museums. The problematization presented in this article was done based on my doctoral thesis with a focus on museum history, archive analysis and interviews.

Trends in the development of digital subscription services in international markets

Companies are trying to harness the potential of the current stage of development of the digital industry and make it cost-effective, which requires not only technological innovation but also the transformation of many existing business models. Based on an analysis of examples of digital subscription companies, this article provides additional explanations, including definitions and constituent characteristics of digital subscription business models. The aim of the article was to identify trends in the development of digital subscription services by analysing the number of active subscribers and the impact of COVID-19 on this indicator. Autoregression and analysis methods were used in the study, and the implementation of the selected models was carried out using the Python-3 programming language. The article describes a theoretical basis that determine the feasibility of using the subscription model for the company under non-deterministic critical conditions. The main approaches to forecasting the company’s performance indicators are identified. The type of data to be forecasted is determined, and the necessity of using autoregressive models for further analysis is declared. Factors associated with the COVID-2019 incidence that should be considered as exogenous variables were identified. The multicriteria selection problem was constructed by restricting the family of autoregressive models and determining the criteria for forecasting and data preparation time, forecast accuracy, and the possibility of considering external factors in determining the algorithm efficiency. It is found that moving average autoregression is the most effective. Given the further application of this algorithm to predict the number of subscribers, the expediency of implementing a subscription strategy for the company under non-deterministic critical conditions is declared. It is possible to effectively apply the selected mathematical model to predict the performance of a subscription company. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of creating certain benchmarks for the development of the market and a business strategy for product promotion, which will be based on an understanding of the potential benefits and threats of the market for digital subscription products and services

Quantitative ABCD Analysis of Ayurvedic Products and Their Impact on Trust

Purpose: The main goal of the paper is to pinpoint the variables affecting consumer trust in the use of Ayurvedic products. It seeks to assess the elements that influence the model's advantages, benefits, constraints and disadvantages. The goal is to use the ABCD model to give each aspect the appropriate scores or weights. To further shed light on the intricacies of the subject, the paper also intends to use factor analysis and elementary analysis. Design: This study conducted a thorough evaluation of the literature on the ABCD analytical framework. The study was successful in identifying key influencing factors and critical constituent characteristics that contribute to customer trust in consuming Ayurvedic products by quantitative analysis involving focus group interactions and suitable weightage assignment to essential attributes. Findings: The survey found that many companies and people are adopting a fresh strategy based on sustainability or survival in order to deal with their pressing problems and find quick relief. Focus group talks were used to analyse customer trust in the use of Ayurvedic products, and the ABCD analytic framework application was heavily endorsed for its beneficial elements. The results of this model thus support the effectiveness of using Ayurvedic products. Originality/value: The survey found that many companies and people are adopting a fresh strategy based on sustainability or survival in order to deal with their pressing problems and find quick relief. Focus group talks were used to analyse customer trust in the use of Ayurvedic products, and the ABCD analytic framework application was heavily endorsed for its beneficial elements. The results of this model thus support the effectiveness of using Ayurvedic products. Paper Type: Empirical Paper.

Discounting constituent attitudes: motivated reasoning, ambiguity, and policymaker perceptions of constituent characteristics

Abstract In experimental work, researchers have found that policymakers discount the opinions of constituents with whom they disagree. We build on these results with a national sample of local policymakers in the United States, exploring whether communicators can prevent policymakers from discounting their opinions by providing evidence of their own knowledge about a topic. We find that policymakers discount the opinions of hypothetical constituents with whom they disagree, but there is evidence that providing unambiguous evidence about a letter-writer’s positive traits can reduce this discounting. We conclude with a discussion of implications for theory as well as practical implications for communicating with policymakers.

Application of the Rietveld Method to Quantify Mineral Phases in a Kaolin Mineral

The applications of the mineral kaolin are varied, such as the ceramic industry, and the pharmaceutical industry, among others; although it is generally found in mining deposits accompanied by other mineral species considered contaminants. The above makes it necessary to apply qualitative and quantitative analysis techniques that determine the purity of the mineral, from its extraction, during its mechanical processing and kaolin recovery. In this work, a procedure for quantification of the majority species in the Kaolin mineral is proposed, according to the procedure proposed by Rietveld, from the diffractogram obtained by the x-ray diffraction technique, as well as the knowledge of the crystallographic characteristics of the mineral constituents. Three models are proposed based on the structural parameters of the phases present in the system: tridymite, cristobalite, and kaolinite. The experimental results show the total adjustment of the diffraction pattern in which it is observed that the weight percentage corresponds to 40.0% for tridymite, 39.5% for cristobalite, and 20.5% for kaolinite. These results were corroborated by specific semi-quantitative chemical analyses using scanning electron microscopy.

Inhibitory characteristics of flavonoids from soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) leaf against pancreatic lipase

Several reports on obesity have targeted to determine inhibitors of pancreatic lipase (EC 3.1.1.3, PL), which plays a major role in the digestion of dietary lipids, from natural sources. This study aimed to suggest soybean leaf, a soybean by-product, as a novel source of PL inhibitors and investigate PL inhibitory characteristics of the active constituents. Fluorometric lipase assay revealed that the soybean leaf extract has inhibitory activity against PL. UPLC-MS/MS analysis identified flavonoids (genistein, daidzein, formononetin, taxifolin, diosmetin, and glycitein) as active constituents. Among them, diosmetin and glycitein were novel PL inhibitors with half-maximal inhibitory concentrations of 131.9 ± 8.4 and 127.5 ± 7.4 μM, respectively. The inhibition mode of diosmetin and glycitein were deteremined as competitive type from the enzyme kinetic study, supported by molecular docking simulation. Their bindings to PL were confirmed to follow the static quenching process in fluorescence analysis. Collectively, the results of present study indicates soybean leaf and its flavonoids as a promising natural source for antiobesity functional food.

Adaptive image watermarking using bidimensional empirical mode decomposition

Digital watermarking is considered one of the technological means used to guarantee the security and authenticity of data transmitted over communication systems. A new method of image watermarking using the bidimensional empirical mode decomposition (BEMD) will be presented in this article, where the new idea is to use the BEMD of both the cover image and the watermark image. The embedding process consists of adding to each intrinsic modal function (IMF) of the cover image the corresponding IMF of the watermark image. The watermarked image contains three different watermarks and appropriate frequencies, which makes it more robust. We use this method for two reasons: first, to conserve the constituent characteristics of each IMF and second, to ensure the invisibility of the watermark. The results obtained showed a good response against different kinds of attacks. This technique has been compared with other methods of image watermarking based on decomposition BEMD, which showed good results.

Pairing combustion experiments and thermogravimetric analysis to uncover timescales controlling cellulose ignition and burnout in a Hencken burner

Solid biomass fuels are potential components of several industrial and power-generation decarbonization pathways. Despite considerable literature that documents the fuel properties of lignocellulosic biomass, the fundamental combustion characteristics of biomass constituents are not well understood. We tackle this knowledge gap by analyzing the combustion properties of cellulose (a key biomass component) in a Hencken burner across various temperature and oxygen mole fractions of the oxidizer gases. Combustion data are compared with results from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scaling analyses to reveal two rate-controlling timescales in the ignition of cellulose: devolatilization time and volatile ignition delay time. TGA shows that the devolatilization time is only a function of temperature and occurs on a considerably shorter timescale than oxidation. Hencken burner experiments show that ignition delay time is highly sensitive to temperature; at very low levels of oxygen in the oxidizer gas (mole fractions of 0.01–0.04), the ignition delay time is sensitive to oxygen mole fraction, but this sensitivity disappears at higher oxygen levels. Burnout time is the least sensitive parameter investigated. The combination of experiments and chemical kinetic simulations begins to explain the ignition behavior of the volatiles from cellulose decomposition and lays groundwork for future research to address uncertainties in quantifying the kinetics of cellulose ignition. Finally, this combined combustion-fuel science study raises serious doubts about the use of combustion indices and TGA-calculated properties to predict the true combustion behavior of biomass.

Pharmacognostical and Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Rasnadi Basti in the Management of Vandhyatvo w.s.r to Anovulation

Rasnadi basti is mainly indicated for the Vataj disorders i.e., Vibandha, Anaha, Aruchi, Shoola, Vandhyatva, Pradara, Prameha, Yonidosha, Pandu, etc. It is having properties like Sarvaroganivarana, Shukrajanana, Vrushya, and Pumsavana Parama. Acharya Siddhinandan Mishra has mentioned the effectiveness of Rasnadi basti in the treatment of Vandhyatva. Vandhyatva (infertility) has got many etiological factors; one among them is anovulation. Vata is governing factor of the whole reproductive physiology & any vitiation in Vata may lead to anovulation. Basti Karma is the best choice for the treatment of Vata Dosha. In the study, Rasnadi Basti was given to one of the trial group having infertility due to anovulation. So, for the assurance of the quality of herbal compounds used to prepare Rasnadi basti, its pharmacognostic and pharmaceutical analysis was necessary. Methods: Freshly prepared Rasnadi Basti was subjected to microscopic evaluation for pharmacognostic & physiochemical analysis like specific gravity & solid content. Results: Pharmacognostical study showed the presence of certain identifying characteristics of the ingredients of Rasnadi basti i.e., Rasna, Eranda, Patala, Musta, Vacha, Pippli, Agnimantha, Kustha, Yastimadhu, etc. In pharmaceutical study, the preliminary physiochemical analysis showed solid content of 52.53% w/v & specific gravity of 1.0242. Conclusions: Pharmacognostical and physico-chemical observations revealed the specific characteristics of all active constituents of Rasnadi basti and confirmed the purity and genuinity of the formulation.

Fine study of hierarchical interphase constructed by Ti3SiC2 and carbon nanotubes in SiCf/SiC composites

The interphase in silicon carbide fiber-reinforced silicon carbide ceramic matrix composites (SiCf/SiC) assumes a significant role in the mechanical properties exhibited at elevated temperatures. The strength, toughness, and chemical stability of a composite is frequently influenced by the optimization of its interphase. In this work, the MAX phase (Ti3SiC2) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were successively deposited on the SiCf using the molten salt method and chemical vapor deposition technique, respectively, to create a hierarchical structure. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to undertake a comprehensive investigation of the interfacial component in SiCf/SiC composites. The detailed study of interphases in SiCf/SiC composites has been conducted through the analysis of crystallization, the bonding natures, and the micromorphology, encompassing geometry and constituent characteristics. A bilayer consisting of TiC–Ti3SiC2/Ti5Si3 and a vertical array of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with a length of 7 μm is fabricated on the surface of SiCf/Ti3SiC2-CNTs. The SiCf/Ti3SiC2/SiC and SiCf/Ti3SiC2-CNTs/SiC composites exhibit lamellar structures of Ti3SiC2, which indicates a further crystallization of Ti3SiC2 resulting from the formation of SiC matrix by PIP procedure. The interphase of SiCf/Ti3SiC2-CNTs/SiC composite may be categorized into four distinct layers: a TiC phase, a TiSi2 phase, a transition phase of TiSi2/TiC, and a Ti3SiC2 phase. This interphase structure is more intricate compared to the interphase structure observed in the SiCf/Ti3SiC2/SiC composite. This research indicates significant value for the future design and optimization of interfaces.

Emission Characterization of Petrol, Ethanol and Spent Engine Oil Blends for Two-Stroke Spark Ignition Engine

Exhaust emission has remained a big global concern in atmospheric change, and has thus, lead to stiffer polices on emission. To achieve the set emission targets different fuel mix and combustion process are continuously been investigated. This work is used to practically model the condition of a two-stroke engine that has run over time whose used lubricating oil finds its way from the sump to the combustion chamber and thus resulting to greater rate of incomplete combustion and higher emission. An exhaust analyser with a deep probe was deployed to access the out-going burnt gasses from a two-stroke spark ignition engine that is fed with multi blends of petrol, ethanol and spent engine oil. The characteristics of the emission constituents were investigated and compared to the global limits set by different organizations such as California Air Resources Board, Environmental Protection Agency in USA, International Council on Clean Transportation, Road Transport Bureau- in Japan, and European Emission Standard Agency, among others. The result shows an increase in , and emissions with samples that contain spent oil as against those with new engine oil which is also more effective. It was also found that samples with higher quantity of ethanol show lower emission of , and gases. This is likely due to interstation of ethanol molecules with that of the spent oil, thus making it more potent for further combustion. This was also supported with the fact that emission was higher in blends with higher quantity of ethanol. Thus, the presence of ethanol in fuel blend used in two-stroke spark ignition engine may be considered to be a source of improvement in combustion and hence a means of reducing emission in two-stroke port operated spark ignition engines.