Consortium Of Microorganisms Research Articles

Pseudomonas aeruginosa-mediated cr(VI) bioremediation: mechanistic insights and future directions

Contamination of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a major environmental issue since it has the ability to cause cancer and genetic mutations. Bioremediation techniques using Pseudomonas aeruginosa have emerged as potential methods to tackle this problem. This study offers a thorough examination of the underlying mechanisms and potential future paths in the process of P. aeruginosa-mediated Cr(VI) remediation. Herein, the strategies used by P. aeruginosa were examined for the removal of Cr(VI) via processes such as biosorption, intracellular reduction, and extracellular metabolism. In addition, the function of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in capturing and isolating Cr(VI) was studied and the possibility of using genetic engineering techniques to improve P. aeruginosa’s ability to remove Cr(VI) from the environment was explored. In addition, we investigate the difficulties related to the use of P. aeruginosa for Cr(VI) bioremediation, such as environmental conditions and the presence of other microorganisms, and suggest potential areas for further study. These include the development of bioremediation strategies using consortia of microorganisms and the incorporation of nanomaterials to improve the removal of Cr(VI). This study seeks to enhance the development of sustainable solutions for remediating Cr(VI) by integrating existing information and identifying future research directions, with a focus on employing P. aeruginosa.

Impact of Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganism (PGPM) Consortium on Biochemical Properties and Yields of Tomato Under Drought Stress.

Drought is the most important abiotic stress that restricts the genetically predetermined yield potential of the crops. In the present study, four tomato varieties: Kashi Vishesh, Kashi Aman, Kashi Abhiman, and Kashi Amrit, were used to study the effect of PGPMs (plant growth-promoting microorganisms). PGPM strains, Bacillus megaterium BHUPSB14, Pseudomonas fluorescens BHUPSB06, Pseudomonas aeruginosa BHUPSB01, Pseudomonas putida BHUPSB0, Paenibacillus polymixa BHUPSB17, and Trichoderma horzianum, were used as the consortium. The control group was irrigated up to 80% of field capacity, while 7-, 14-, and 21-day water-deficit-exposed (DWD) plants' pot soil moisture was maintained to 40, 25, and 15% of the field capacity, both with and without the PGPM inoculation condition. The physiological parameters, such as electrolyte leakage, relative water content, photosynthetic efficiency, and chlorophyll color index, were significantly improved by PGPM application under progressive drought stress, compared to the control. PGPM application enhanced the proline accumulation and reduced the formation of hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation under drought stress. The plant growth attributes were significantly increased by PGPM application. The Kashi Amrit variety showed the highest fruit yield among the four varieties under all the treatments. The PGPM consortium application also improved the soil physico-biological properties and nutrient availability in the soil. The PGPM consortium used in this study can potentially mitigate drought stress on tomato in drought-prone regions and act as a biofertilizer. The present study will open a new avenue of drought stress management in tomato.

Fermentation of Biomass and Residues from Brazilian Agriculture for 2G Bioethanol Production.

Brazil is one of the world's leading producers of staple foods and bioethanol. Lignocellulosic residual sources have been proposed as a promising feedstock for 2G bioethanol and to reduce competition between food and fuels. This work aims to discuss residual biomass from Brazilian agriculture as lignocellulosic feedstock for 2G bioethanol production as bagasse, stalk, stem, and peels, using biorefining concepts to increase ethanol yields. Herein, we focused on biomass chemical characteristics, pretreatment, microorganisms, and optimization of process parameters that define ethanol yields for bench-scale fermentation. Although several techniques, such as carbon capture, linking enzymes to supports, and a consortium of microorganisms, emerge as future alternatives in bioethanol synthesis, these technologies entail necessary optimization efforts before commercial availability. Overcoming these challenges is essential to linking technological innovation to synthesizing environmentally friendly fuels and searching other biomass wastes for 2G bioethanol to increase the biofuel industry's potential. Thus, this work is the first to discuss underutilized lignocellulosic feedstock from other agrifoods beyond sugar cane or corn, such as babassu, tobacco, cassava, orange, cotton, soybean, potatoes, and rice. Residual biomasses combined with optimized pretreatment and mixed fermentation increase hydrolysis efficiency, fermentation, and purification. Therefore, more than a product with a high added value, bioethanol synthesis from Brazilian residual biomass prevents waste production.

The Role of EM4 (Effective Microorganisms) in Solid Waste-Powered Microbial Fuel Cells: Investigating Voltage Output and Electrical Conductivity For Bioelectricity Generation

The increasing global demand for renewable energy and sustainable waste management solutions has inspired interest in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) as a dual-purpose technology for bioelectricity generation and waste treatment. This study explores the role of EM4, a consortium of effective microorganisms, in enhancing the voltage output and electrical conductivity of solid waste-powered MFCs. A batch system bioreactor assessed the impact of varying organic waste-to-zeolite ratios on MFC performance. The results demonstrated that a 1:1 ratio of organic waste to zeolite produced the highest electrical conductivity (3160 µS/cm) and the most substantial voltage output (777.5 mV) by day three of the experiment. Statistical analysis, including ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests, revealed significant differences in voltage output across treatments, with a positive correlation between electrical conductivity and voltage production. These findings highlight the potential of integrating EM4 and conductive materials like zeolite to optimize bioelectricity generation in MFCs, contributing to the advancement of sustainable energy technologies.

Alzheimer's Disease Has Its Origins in Early Life via a Perturbed Microbiome.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with limited therapeutic options. Accordingly, new approaches for prevention and treatment are needed. One focus is the human microbiome, the consortium of microorganisms that live in and on us, which contributes to human immune, metabolic, and cognitive development and that may have mechanistic roles in neurodegeneration. AD and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRD) are recognized as spectrum disorders with complex pathobiology. AD/ADRD onset begins before overt clinical signs, but initiation triggers remain undefined. We posit that disruption of the normal gut microbiome in early life leads to a pathological cascade within septohippocampal and cortical brain circuits. We propose investigation to understand how early-life microbiota changes may lead to hallmark AD pathology in established AD/ADRD models. Specifically, we hypothesize that antibiotic exposure in early life leads to exacerbated AD-like disease endophenotypes that may be amenable to specific microbiological interventions. We propose suitable models for testing these hypotheses.

Critical areas for <i>Brettanomyces bruxellensis</i> contamination and biofilm formation in the cellar: on the origin of wine spoilage

The cellar environment harbours a consortium of microorganisms on the material surfaces and in the air. Among these microorganisms, the spoilage yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis can colonise surfaces due to its specific bioadhesive properties. In this study, air and surface samples were collected in several wineries during the winter period. B. bruxellensis was detected in the cellar environment either in the air or on the surfaces of various materials, including in tartaric acid precipitates. Difficult-to-clean tank equipment (taps, wall angles, valves) were identified as critical areas where B. bruxellensis was frequently detected. To confirm that surfaces contaminated by B. bruxellensis could be involved in wine contamination, yeast growth and volatile phenol production were monitored in wine in contact with stainless steel harbouring biofilms. The presence of bioadherent cells and biofilms in contact with the wine resulted in significant cell release into the wine, leading to population growth and the production of volatile phenols at concentrations above the olfactory detection threshold. This study demonstrates the possibility of wine spoilage by resident and adherent populations of B. bruxellensis and confirms the need to pay special attention to the hygiene of hard-to-reach areas such as valves.

Stability of influenza A virus in droplets and aerosols is heightened by the presence of commensal respiratory bacteria.

Aerosol transmission remains a major challenge for control of respiratory viruses, particularly those causing recurrent epidemics, like influenza A virus (IAV). These viruses are rarely expelled alone, but instead are embedded in a consortium of microorganisms that populate the respiratory tract. The impact of microbial communities and inter-pathogen interactions upon stability of transmitted viruses is well-characterized for enteric pathogens, but is under-studied in the respiratory niche. Here, we assessed whether the presence of five different species of commensal respiratory bacteria could influence the persistence of IAV within phosphate-buffered saline and artificial saliva droplets deposited on surfaces at typical indoor air humidity, and within airborne aerosol particles. In droplets, presence of individual species or a mixed bacterial community resulted in 10- to 100-fold more infectious IAV remaining after 1 h, due to bacterial-mediated flattening of drying droplets and early efflorescence. Even when no efflorescence occurred at high humidity or the bacteria-induced changes in droplet morphology were abolished by aerosolization instead of deposition on a well plate, the bacteria remained protective. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the most stabilizing compared to other commensals at equivalent density, indicating the composition of an individual's respiratory microbiota is a previously unconsidered factor influencing expelled virus persistence.IMPORTANCEIt is known that respiratory infections such as coronavirus disease 2019 and influenza are transmitted by release of virus-containing aerosols and larger droplets by an infected host. The survival time of viruses expelled into the environment can vary depending on temperature, room air humidity, UV exposure, air composition, and suspending fluid. However, few studies consider the fact that respiratory viruses are not alone in the respiratory tract-we are constantly colonized by a plethora of bacteria in our noses, mouth, and lower respiratory system. In the gut, enteric viruses are known to be stabilized against inactivation and environmental decay by gut bacteria. Despite the presence of a similarly complex bacterial microbiota in the respiratory tract, few studies have investigated whether viral stabilization could occur in this niche. Here, we address this question by investigating influenza A virus stabilization by a range of commensal bacteria in systems representing respiratory aerosols and droplets.

Emerging importance of stool preservation methods in OMICS studies with special focus on cancer biology.

The intricate consortium of microorganisms in the human gut plays a crucial role in different physiological functions. The complex known-unknown elements of the gut microbiome are perplexing and the absence of standardized procedures for collecting and preserving samples has hindered continuous research in comprehending it. The technological bias produced because of lack of standard protocols has affected the reproducibility of results. The complex nature of diseases like colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer require a thorough understanding of its etiology for an efficient and timely diagnosis. The designated protocols for collection and preservation of stool specimens have great variance, hence generate inconsistencies in OMICS studies. Due to the complications associated to the nature of sample, it is important to preserve the sample to be studied later in a laboratory or to be used in the future research purpose. Stool preservation is gaining importance due to the increased use of treatment options like fecal microbiota transplantation to cure conditions like recurrent Clostridium difficile infections and for OMICS studies including metagenomics, metabolomics and culturomics. This review provides an insight into the importance of omics studies for the identification and development of novel biomarkers for quick and noninvasive diagnosis of various diseases.

Biodegradation of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate after soil inoculation with microbial consortium: Soil microbiome and plant responses to the changed environment

Biodegradable plastics play a vital role in addressing global plastics disposal challenges. Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB) is a biodegradable bacterial intracellular storage polymer with substantial usage potential in agriculture. Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate and its degradation products are non-toxic; however, previous studies suggest that P3HB biodegradation negatively affects plant growth because the microorganisms compete with plants for nutrients. One possible solution to this issue could be inoculating soil with a consortium of plant growth-promoting and N-fixing microorganisms. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a pot experiment using lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. capitata L.) grown in soil amended with two doses (1 % and 5 % w/w) of P3HB and microbial inoculant (MI). We tested five experimental variations: P3HB 1 %, P3HB 1 % + MI, P3HB 5 %, P3HB 5 % + MI, and MI, to assess the impact of added microorganisms on plant growth and P3HB biodegradation. The efficient P3HB degradation, which was directly dependent on the amount of bioplastics added, was coupled with the preferential utilization of P3HB as a carbon (C) source. Due to the increased demand for nutrients in P3HB-amended soil by microbial degraders, respiration and enzyme activities were enhanced. This indicated an increased mineralisation of C as well as nitrogen (N), sulphur (S), and phosphorus (P). Microbial inoculation introduced specific bacterial taxa that further improved degradation efficiency and nutrient turnover (N, S, and P) in P3HB-amended soil. Notably, soil acidification related to P3HB was not the primary factor affecting plant growth inhibition. However, despite plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and N2-fixing microorganisms originating from MI, plant biomass yield remained limited, suggesting that these microorganisms were not entirely successful in mitigating the growth inhibition caused by P3HB.

Optimization of the Co-Production between the Rice Husk and the Pulp of the Cashew Apple Produced in the Natural Region of Casamance

Anaerobic digestion or anaerobic digestion is a biological process of degradation of organic matter in an anaerobic environment. It involves the degradation and stabilization of complex organic matter by a consortium of micro-organisms leading to methane-rich biogas that can be used as an alternative energy to fossil fuels. In addition, the use of biogas allows for the preservation of the environment and the sustainable development of rural areas and landlocked regions, as well as the diversification of energy resources, but also contributes to the development of agriculture through the production of organic fertilizer. In 2018, Senegal was ranked as the 15th world exporter of cashew nuts with a production of around 18,000 tons per year according to a study by PADEC (Support Program for the Development of Casamance). Four regions mainly invest in it: Kolda, Ziguinchor, Sédhiou, and Fatick. However, in the natural region of Casamance ( Kolda, Ziguinchor, and Sédhiou), each year, after the cashew nut campaign, more than 342,000 tons of cashew apples, pressed or not, are rejected without any recovery, thus degrading in the environment. In addition, rice is traditionally grown in Casamance and in some Diola circles, it had become one of the criteria of wealth, which explains why it occupied most of the cultivated areas and each year thousands of tons of rice husk are burned for elimination/reduction without any recovery. These immense annual productions of waste, without any recovery, in a context dominated by a deficit in cooking and lighting energy constitutes a form of energy resilience and motivates us to study the co-digestion of the rice husk (with a report of C/N equal to 101.317) on cashew apple pulp (having a C/N ratio of 23.201 ). The study of the co-digestion of rice husk and apple pulp at the laboratory scale with the inoculum reveals, that the co-digestion with pH correction contains 39.40% methane and 51.50% carbon dioxide after 49 days of production and 64.04% methane (CH4) and 25.86% carbon dioxide (CO2) on the 96th day. For co-digestion without adjustment, production stopped on the 49th day with a production of 23.68% methane and 45.65% carbon dioxide.

Efficient Removal of Water Soluble Fraction of Diesel Oil by Biochar Sorption Supported by Microbiological Degradation

The contamination of the water bodies by diesel oil (DO) and its water-soluble fraction (WSF) represents one of the most challenging tasks in the management of polluted water streams. This paper contains data related to the synthesis and characteristics of the plum stone biochar material (PmS-B), which was made from waste plum stones (PmS), along with its possible application in the sorption of the WSF of DO from contaminated water. Techniques applied in sample characterisation and comparisons were: Elemental Organic Analysis (EOA), Scanning Electron Microscopy−Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), pH (pHsus) and point of zero charge (pHpzc). In order to increase the overall efficiency of the removal process, sorption and bioremediation were subsequently combined. Firstly, PmS-B was used as a sorbent of WSF, and then the remaining solution was additionally treated with a specific consortium of microorganisms. After the first treatment phase, the initial concentration of diesel WSF was reduced by more than 90%, where most of the aromatic components of DO were removed by sorption. The sorption equilibrium results were best fitted by the Sips isotherm model, where the maximum sorption capacity was found to be 40.72 mg/g. The rest of the hydrocarbon components that remained in the solution were further subjected to the biodegradation process by a consortium of microorganisms. Microbial degradation lasted 19 days and reduced the total diesel WSF concentration to 0.46 mg/L. In order to confirm the non-toxicity of the water sample after this two-stage treatment, eco-toxicity tests based on a microbial biosensor (Aliivibrio fischeri) were applied, confirming the high efficiency of the proposed method.

Textile waste subjected to acid hydrolysis as raw materials for biogas production

Textile waste is a high-volume group of municipal waste that is difficult to dispose of due to synthetic additives and chemicals that give natural fibers the properties preferred by consumers. The paper presents a method of treating textile waste based on natural fibers (cotton and wool) with mineral acids and further biological conversion of obtained hydrolysates into biogas. It was found that the hydrolysates of cotton contain a pool of sugars (≥8 g/L of glucose), which are necessary for the growth of microorganism's consortium. The hydrolysates of the mixture of natural and synthetic fibers do not contain fermentation inhibitors (even when cotton was dotted with polyesters and polyamides), and the addition of an appropriate number of wool hydrolysates (up to 5 % v/v) favours the production of biogas. The results indicate that a moderate methane production from waste textiles composed of both cotton and synthetic materials can be achieved with no need of separation, which would significantly increase the cost of their processing.

Modelling the dynamics of microbial populations and Salmonella spp. in milk kefir

Kefir is a fermented dairy product based on the fermentation of milk by bacteria and yeasts. It is produced by adding kefir grains, consisting of a consortium of microorganisms, to milk in order to start a natural fermentation (Garofalo et al., 2020). Kefir is well recognized for its potential health value as a source of probiotics, however, there have been concerns about the potential growth of pathogenic microorganisms in kefir and the potential health hazards associated (Leite et al., 2013) A mathematical model was developed to describe the evolution of microbes present during kefir fermentation and the potential growth of Salmonella spp. as one example of a potential food safety hazard. For this, equations previously described in the scientific literature were combined and adapted to the milk kefir matrix. To assess the safety of the product, the growth of Salmonella was predicted considering its interaction with the medium and the other species. The drop in pH; generation of yeasts metabolites such as ethanol; and buffer capacity was described and considered when modelling Salmonellas’ kinetics. Interaction between the pathogenic species and the background microflora was included in the model. Parameters of some well-described systems were taken from literature. Alongside, some other parameters describing specific assets from the system were estimated using experimental data of microbial population kinetics during kefir fermentation. The growth of yeasts, lactic acid bacteria, Salmonella together with the pH were experimentally collected at critical processing times and fitted to the mathematical model by minimizing the residual sum of squares (RSS). Confidence intervals of 95 % were calculated. For further validation, the output of the model was contrasted with an independent data set. It was concluded that Salmonella is able to increase its population during the first hours of the kefir fermentation process. Inactivation can be apportioned to the drop of pH as a consequence of the LAB metabolism, once the pH reaches values below 4. After this no growth of Salmonella seems to be found in milk kefir as confirmed by the model. No residual population of the pathogen is observed. This suggests that by controlling the growth and metabolism of the background microflora, safety can be assured in milk kefir. This process was successfully described by a novel mathematical model and the estimation of its´parameters.

A Enhancing the Composting Process and Quality of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) Using Indigenous Cellulolytic Microbes: A Review

Palm oil production in Indonesia is projected to reach approximately 54.84 million tons by 2023, maintaining a consistent trend. This production volume is closely linked to the amount of Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) generated as a by-product. If EFB is not managed effectively, it could have adverse effects on the environment. To address this issue, composting EFB is essential. However, the high cellulose content in EFB poses challenges for decomposition. The application of cellulolytic microorganisms presents a promising solution to enhance the composting process. This study aims to explore the benefits of incorporating cellulolytic microorganisms in accelerating EFB compost quality. The research methodology follows the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The review focuses on scientific literature from 2014 to 2024 available on the ScienceDirect and Google Scholar databases. Findings indicate that using a consortium of cellulolytic microorganisms can reduce cellulose content, decrease the C/N ratio, expedite composting, enhance compost quality by regulating temperature, reducing volume, increasing pH, macronutrients, and biological activity during EFB composting.

Mitigation strategies for heavy metal toxicity and its negative effects on soil and plants

Heavy metal pollution threatens food security by accumulating in crops and soils, posing a significant challenge to modern agriculture due to its high toxicity. Urgent action is needed to restore affected agricultural fields. An efficient way to remove toxins is by bioremediation, which uses microorganisms. With the purpose of restoring soil in agriculture, this research attempts to assemble a consortium of microorganisms isolated from techno-genic soil. A number of promising strains, including Pseudomonas putida, Pantoea sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens were chosen based on their capacity to eliminate heavy metals from tests. Heavy metal removal (Cd, Hg, As, Pb, and Ni) and phytohormone production have been shown to be effective using consortiums (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella oxytoca, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens in a 1:1:2). In instances with mixed heavy-metal contamination, aeruginosa demonstrated efficacy because of its notable ability to absorb substantial quantities of heavy metals. The capacity of the cooperation to improve phytoremediation was investigated, with an emphasis on soil cleanup in agricultural areas. When combined with Sorghum bicolor L., it was able to remove roughly 16% As, 14% Hg, 32% Ni, 26% Cd, and 33% Pb from the soil.

Effect of ragi tape fermentation on physicochemical properties, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant capacity of turmeric spent

Turmeric spent availability is high due to the increasing production of turmeric herb drinks. However, turmeric spent utilization is low, although it still contains phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. This study aims to investigate the effect of fermentation on the physicochemical characteristics of turmeric spent. Ragi tape is used as a starter since it contains various microorganisms. The community of microorganisms in the ragi could inhibit the growth of unwanted microorganisms, thus preventing contamination. Physicochemical characteristics, namely water-holding capacity, swelling capacity, oil-holding capacity, glucose content, crude fiber content, total phenol content, and antioxidant capacity, were observed from non-fermented and fermented turmeric spent. The results show that the duration of fermentation does not affect the physicochemical properties, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and reducing sugars content. Ragi tape contains low concentrations of A. oryzae. Moreover, ragi tape is a consortium of microorganisms consisting of fungi, yeast, and lactic acid bacteria, so further study is needed to investigate the interaction between microorganisms and metabolite production

Polyethylene Terephthalate Hydrolases in Human Gut Microbiota and Their Implications for Human Health.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), primarily utilized for food and beverage packaging, consistently finds its way into the human gut, thereby exerting adverse effects on human health. PET hydrolases, critical for the degradation of PET, have been predominantly sourced from environmental microbial communities. Given the fact that the human gut harbors a vast and intricate consortium of microorganisms, inquiry into the presence of potential PET hydrolases within the human gut microbiota becomes imperative. In this investigation, we meticulously screened 22,156 homologous sequences that could potentially encode PET hydrolases using the hidden Markov model (HMM) paradigm, drawing from 4984 cultivated genomes of healthy human gut bacteria. Subsequently, we methodically validated the hydrolytic efficacy of five selected candidate PET hydrolases on both PET films and powders composed of micro-plastics (MPs). Notably, our study also unveiled the influence of both diverse PET MP powders and their resultant hydrolysates on the modulation of cytokine expression in macrophages. In summary, our research underscores the ubiquitous prevalence and considerable potential of the human gut microbiota in PET hydrolysis. Furthermore, our study significantly contributes to the holistic evaluation of the potential health hazards posed by PET MPs to human well-being.

Study of regime parameters of the process of cultivation of a consortium of probiotic microorganisms providing increased synthesis of exopolysaccharides

The paper conducted experimental studies of the activity of exopolysaccharide synthesis by a consortium of probiotic microorganisms based on Streptococcus thermophiles, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium breve, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus fermentum. Temperature conditions of cultivation were studied on the basis of combination of stages of optimal and non-optimal conditions for development of microorganisms corresponding to temperature variation in the range of higher or lower values, in order to intensify synthesis of moisture-binding metabolites of polysaccharide nature. The results of studies of optical density and concentration of biomass exopolysaccharides are given, which indicate a positive effect on the synthesis of exopolysaccharides of the used combined temperature modes of cultivation. Based on thermal analysis data, endothermic effects were identified, indicating an additional increase in the degree of moisture binding by polysaccharides of probiotic origin. It was found that the maximum activity of the synthesis of moisture-binding metabolites corresponds to the combined cultivation mode with a sequential transition from the area of low temperature effects to the optimal area.

Sustainable approach for the degradation of Contrast dye Evans blue by Enterobacter cloacae strain SD4-1

BackgroundDischarge of dye complexes through industrial effluents continues to be a never-ending problem for the environment. Several degradation techniques have been experimented with, of which utilizing biological entities for the effective degradation of these dye molecules is extensively studied and still being explored. The present study focuses on (i) isolation of bacterial strains from the contaminated agricultural lands (ii) screening the isolates for their decolourization efficiency of Evans blue dye (iii) optimization of culture parameters such as temperature, pH, concentration of dye and nitrogen source for effective decolourization (iv) analysing the effect of degradation of diazo dye Evan's blue by the selected strain using GCMS analysis. MethodsThe bacterial strains were isolated from contaminated agricultural lands in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. The collected samples were aseptically transferred to the laboratory and stored for further studies. The collected samples were serially diluted, and the colonies with distinct morphology were pure-cultured. The isolated strains were studied for their efficiency to decolourize the dye Evans blue dye. The strain with higher decolourization efficiency was selected and optimized for parameters such as temperature, pH, nitrogen source and concentration of dye. The degradation of dye by the isolate was analysed by GCMS. Significant FindingsThe investigation unveiled that the strain SD4-1 of Enterobacter cloacae effectively decolorizes Evans blue dye at 37°C and pH 6.0, utilizing Sodium nitrate as the nitrogen source. SD4-1 exhibited an impressive dye decolourization efficiency of approximately 75%. The comprehensive GCMS analysis verified the bacterium's capability to fully degrade the azo dye Evans blue. Consequently, this study concludes that the SD4-1 Enterobacter cloacae strain holds promising potential for the efficient biodegradation of Evan's blue dye. Its application as a highly effective biological agent in the practical removal of dyes from textile industries is envisaged. Notably, this organism demonstrates superior performance in comparison to other studies where a mixture of dyes or consortia of microorganisms were employed for dye decolourization.

The biopotential of extremophilic microorganisms isolated from Kuzbass for protection and growth stimulation of oat (Avena sativa L.)

Biological plant protection products are extensively utilized in agriculture owing to their safety, efficacy, and environmental friendliness. The utilization of these funds in locales with challenging weather patterns is constrained. In order to ensure the successful use of biological plant protection products, it is rational to search for microorganisms adapted to the specific soil and climatic conditions of the territory. The objective of the investigation is to evaluate the antagonistic and growth-stimulating properties of the consortium of extremophilic microorganisms of Kuzbass, and to conduct laboratory testing on oats (Avena sativa L.). The work used microorganisms isolated at the initial stages of the research, such as Leclercia sp., Sphingomonas paucimobilis, and Lactobacillus plantarum. The findings revealed that these microorganisms are capable of producing gibberellic acid, dissolving phosphates, and retaining atmospheric nitrogen. Furthermore, the co-cultivation of microorganisms facilitates the enhancement of these indicators. The negative impact of phytopathogens (Alternaria alternata (F-525), Fusarium graminearum (F-877) PH-1, Fusarium graminearum (F-892) and Fusarium sporotrichioides (F-902)) on oats in laboratory conditions was reduced by a consortium based on these microorganisms. Therefore, the consortium has the potential to develop commercial drugs. Field experiments are planned in the future.