Consistent Model Research Articles

A Real-Time Associative Feature-Based Customer Relationship Management and Enterprise Resource Planning Integration Model for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises

Abstract Customer relationship management (CRM) and enterprise resource planning (ERP) have been extensively discussed in the research literature respectively. However, existing studies do not reach a complete agreement on the CRM/ERP integration method, especially for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Generally, this work proposed a novel method for CRM/ERP integration approach via associative feature technology. A new feature type, Real-time Data Link Board (RDLB), is developed and detailed as a generic information carrier solution for multisystem integration between CRM and ERP packages. Valuable data elements are mapped into such data boards dynamically and synchronized across different data sources, structures, and databases. The contribution of this work is to present a well-defined and generically reusable data carrier definition, alongside related methods for ensuring consistent data modeling during the system integration phase across various digitalization engineering implementation projects. With this approach, the consistent management of data integration across intricate systems is achievable throughout application lifecycles, supported by the object-oriented software engineering foundation.

Strategic nature of corporate social responsibility, competitive performance, innovation capability and environmental uncertainty

PurposeThe goal of this work is to evaluate how corporate social responsibility (CSR) affects competitive performance in Nigeria's banking industry, with innovation capability acting as a mediator and environmental uncertainty as a moderating factor.Design/methodology/approachThe banking industry in Nigeria served as the site for the empirical investigation. Employees at deposit money institutions received a questionnaire. Direct and mediating effects and the moderating role were thus examined utilizing a final sample of 267 cases using consistent partial least squares structural equation modeling with ADANCO 2.2.1.FindingsThe data shows that CSR has both a significant strategic impact on innovation capability and a competitive innovation capability. In contrast, the outcome shows a strong effect of CSR's strategic character on performance in the marketplace. Furthermore, evidence for mediating and moderating effects was provided.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was restricted to Nigerian banking institutions. Additionally, data on competitive performance were acquired from employees' perspectives, while considering the competitive performance of their rivals.Originality/valueThe primary contribution of this paper is the empirical investigation of the mediating impact of innovation capability and the moderating function of environmental uncertainty in banking organizations that use a CSR strategy to attain competitive performance.

A Study on Functional Requirements and Inspection Items for AI System Change Management and Model Improvement on the Web Platform

The rapid adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) on the web platform across multiple sectors has highlighted not only its inherent technical hurdles, such as unpredictability and lack of transparency, but also significant societal concerns. These include the misuse of AI technology, invasions of privacy, discrimination fueled by biased data, and infringements of copyright. Such challenges jeopardize the sustainable growth of AI and risk the erosion of societal trust, industry adoption and financial investment. This analysis explores the AI system’s lifecycle, emphasizing the essential continuous monitoring and the need for creating trustworthy AI technologies. It advocates for an ethically oriented development process to mitigate adverse effects and support sustainable progress. The dynamic and unpredictable nature of AI, compounded by variable data inputs and evolving distributions, requires consistent model updates and retraining to preserve the integrity of services. Addressing the ethical aspects, this paper outlines specific guidelines and evaluation criteria for AI development, proposing an adaptable feedback loop for model improvement. This method aims to detect and rectify performance declines through prompt retraining, thereby cultivating robust, ethically sound AI systems. Such systems are expected to maintain performance while ensuring user trust and adhering to data science and web technology standards. Ultimately, the study seeks to balance AI’s technological advancements with societal ethics and values, ensuring its role as a positive, reliable force across different industries. This balance is crucial for harmonizing innovation with the ethical use of data and science, thereby facilitating a future where AI contributes significantly and responsibly to societal well-being.

Application of a Consistent Nonlinear Mild-Slope Equation Model to Random Wave Propagation and Dissipation

Application of a Consistent Nonlinear Mild-Slope Equation Model to Random Wave Propagation and Dissipation

Formation of Civil Identity in the Educational Policy System in the Context of Transformation of the Political Space

The relevance lies in the institutionalization of education in the new subjects of the Russian Federation (DPR, LPR, Zaporizhia, Kherson regions, the Republic of Crimea, the federal city of Sevastopol), as well as the processes of re-socialization, adaptation to the socio-cultural, political, value-ideological realities of Russian society, which affects the construction of the civic identity of school youth. Understanding the processes of formation of civic identity in the educational policy system in the context of the transformation of the political space allows identifying the mechanisms of actualization and transformation of identity. Тhe experience of the post-Soviet states, as well as the processes taking place in Russia today, enables making interesting theoretical generalizations and practical recommendations.Aim and Tasks. Identification and systematization of practices, mechanisms and technologies for the formation of civil identity of schoolchildren in new subjects in the educational policy system of the Russian Federation, determination of existing problems and barriers, identification of models of civil identity formation in the context of comparing the experience of Russia and the EAEU countries.Methods. The study uses a focus group interview with senior and middle school students living in the new territories of the Russian Federation, an expert interview with representatives of institutional structures involved in the processes of political socialization and implementation of identity policy, as well as the analysis of secondary data reflecting the processes of formation of civil identity in the EAEU countries.Results. As a result, the key practices of forming the civil identity of schoolchildren in the new subjects of the Russian Federation are revealed and systematized, barriers and problems of implementing educational policy in the system of forming civil identity are identified. The authors propose recommendations for improving the model of formation of the identity of schoolchildren in the new subjects of the Russian Federation. The article shows the difference between the model of formation of Russian civil identity in the new regions and the models of formation of civil identity used in the EAEU countries.Conclusions. The study revealed the existing contradictions that arise in the process of adaptation to a new educational and value-ideological model, manifested in the assimilation of new social norms and educational standards; the difference in the level of political education and the degree of involvement in civic activity of young people was noted. It is necessary to search for effective practices and technologies that contribute to building a consistent model of civic identity formation in the basic education system of new subjects of the Russian Federation. The EAEU member states can use the practical experience of civil identity formation in the education system of new subjects of the Russian Federation to improve their own models of civil identity formation.

Implementation of Measurement-Based Care in Mental Health Service Settings for Youth: A Systematic Review.

Measurement-Based Care (MBC) is the systematic use of patient-reported data to inform care decisions and monitor treatment progress. MBC has been shown to improve patient outcomes across medical and mental health treatment settings for adults and youth. While many studies have examined the use of MBC in specific care settings, few have focused on the implementation of MBC among youth populations or across care settings. While a review has shown that use of MBC benefits youth, no published reviews exist that summarize the successful strategies and barriers to implementation models across studies in youth service settings. To address these gaps, the present systematic review (N = 25 studies) focuses on the implementation of MBC across four youth service settings, including outpatient mental health centers, medical centers/pediatric clinics, schools, and clinical psychology training clinics. Results suggest that few studies employ consistent implementation models or strategies to guide efforts. Further, there is significant overlap in the successful strategies employed as well as the barriers to implementation of MBC across youth service settings, at the client, clinician, and organizational levels. Broadly, the authors recommend on the basis of findings that future implementation work in youth service settings: incorporate comprehensive training in the use of MBC for clinicians; incorporate stakeholder feedback into the implementation process for initial and sustained use; employ digital measurement feedback systems to deliver MBC that allow for real-time feedback and continuous technical support; and employ a health equity lens in implementation efforts to help address disparities in access to and use of MBC so that all youth and families may benefit from this evidence-based practice.

Construction of consistent SysML models applied to the CPS

With the increasing complexity of cyber-physical systems (CPS), it is interesting to decompose a CPS into sub-systems. This provides greater modularity and flexibility so that each system can be developed independently, making it easier to maintain. Also, it can improve its fault tolerance. However, this decomposition of the system can lead to inconsistency. This paper proposes an approach for early verification of cyber-physical systems decomposition using SysML. We address the limitations of SysML as a semi-formal language by introducing syntax and static semantics for its structural diagrams. The aim is to verify structural consistency before defining behavioral aspects. For that, the proposed approach verifies a set of structural consistency rules within a refinement relation to ensure that sub-components offer at least the same services as the abstract block and require the same services. Furthermore, the sub-blocks must satisfy all the requirements that the abstract block is supposed to verify. We used the CyCab as a case study to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.

Deep Learning Ensemble for Flood Probability Analysis

Predicting flood events is complex due to uncertainties from limited gauge data, high data and computational demands of traditional physical models, and challenges in spatial and temporal scaling. This research innovatively uses only three remotely sensed and computed factors: rainfall, runoff and temperature. We also employ three deep learning models—Feedforward Neural Network (FNN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)—along with a deep neural network ensemble (DNNE) using synthetic data to predict future flood probabilities, utilizing the Savitzky–Golay filter for smoothing. Using a hydrometeorological dataset from 1993–2022 for the Nile River basin, six flood predictors were derived. The FNN and LSTM models exhibited high accuracy and stable loss, indicating minimal overfitting, while the CNN showed slight overfitting. Performance metrics revealed that FNN achieved 99.63% accuracy and 0.999886 ROC AUC, CNN had 95.42% accuracy and 0.893218 ROC AUC, and LSTM excelled with 99.82% accuracy and 0.999967 ROC AUC. The DNNE outperformed individual models in reliability and consistency. Runoff and rainfall were the most influential predictors, while temperature had minimal impact.

Variability of pre-test probability for obstructive coronary artery disease between referring primary care physicians and estimations from the referral letters

Abstract Background Estimation of Pre-Test Probability (PTP) for obstructive Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), derived from sex, age and characterization of chest pain or dyspnea, is recommended by European guidelines to guide further investigation. When Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) was introduced as first line investigation in patients with PTP <15%, in the primary care of a catchment area of ~470 000 inhabitants in Sweden, attachment of PTP was made compulsory to the referral. The interrater variability, or consistency of agreement, of PTP estimation is not known. The validity of PTP to guide healthcare decisions depends to some extent on the reliability of estimations. Appropriate prioritization of invesigations is reliant on the information included in referral letters. Purpose The purpose was to study the interrater variability of estimations of PTP. We hypothesized: 1) the interrater variability of PTP estimations to be less than excellent (ICC < 0.9), and 2) not statistically different among PTP classes; 3) a significant difference between clinical estimations and estimations made from the referral letters. Methods We studied the 545 patients referred for CCTA from primary care, 1st of June 2021 to 7th of Dec. 2022, with available PTP estimations. The interrater variability, expressed as Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), was determined for estimations of PTP by the referring physicians (RP) and three external raters (ER). The latter were physicians practising in primary care who rated PTP based on the referral letters to CCTA, independently and blinded. Each rater assessed multiple patients and each patient was assessed by all raters. ICC with a two-way random consistency model for single raters was calculated and evaluated according to a proposed standard(1). Results The ICC for PTP estimations between the RP and the median of three ER was 0.75 (CI 95 % 0.71-0.83, p<0.001). ICC was higher for PTP class > 15% compared to the lower classes: <5% (n = 65, ICC ≈ 0); 5-15% (n = 343, ICC 0.48, CI 95 % [0.39-0.56]); >15% (n = 137, ICC 0.71, CI 95 % [0.62-0.78]) (Figure 1). The ICC for PTP estimations was significantly higher between the three ER (0.88, SE 0.009, CI 95% [0.86-0.89]) than when the RP was added as a rater (ICC 0.80, SE 0.012, CI 95 % [0.77-0.82]). Adding a fixed effect of the difference in ratings between RP and ERs to the ICC model did not change model output (R = 0.80 (SE 0.012, CI 95 % [0.77-0.82]). Conclusions There is a good repeatability, in estimation of PTP based on medical history as described in referral letters, between blinded independent reviewers of CCTA referrals. The repeatability between the external raters and the referring physicians’ compulsory entered PTPs is lower, yet good. The variability of PTP estimations, speculatively from disagreement on main symptom and inconsistency in characterization of chest pain, may impact patient selection and outcomes and is understudied.

On the importance and methodological aspects of historiographical research of political and legal doctrines

The article examines the issues of the development of historiographical studies of political and legal doctrines from the point of view of clarifying the role and significance of the relevant results in modern legal science, as well as the problems of improving the methodological foundations of the formation of the Russian historiographical model of political and legal knowledge. The study shows that the lack of developed and consistent models of historiography of political and legal doctrines in foreign and domestic legal literature is associated with certain interpretations of historical knowledge and cognitive principles, the rejection of historicism in the social sciences, which was established and spread especially in the twentieth century in Western European literature, the undeveloped types of development of national literatures covering the issues of origin and development of political and legal knowledge. In terms of improving approaches to historiographical research of political and legal knowledge, the possibilities of a deeper study of the influence of socio-religious consciousness, genre features, plots and means of expression, linguistic characteristics of the works of scientists and other studied texts are indicated. In the methodological direction, an important role can be played by referring to the constructs formed in the Russian philosophical literature, in particular the works of P. A. Florensky.

Instrumentation of students’ experience through the active content of science: from epistemic contact to idealizations and back again in school classrooms

ABSTRACT The paper presents an in-depth exploration of the process of the instrumentation of experience within the context of teaching and learning in schools. We focus on the role of cultural instruments, such as scientific tools and practices, in mediating human cognition and transforming students´ experience into active scientific content. The study draws on the concepts of dual mediation and the interplay between denotative and expressive aspects of cognition. We aim to (1) characterise the process of instrumentalizing students’ experience into active scientific content within the classroom and (2) propose a theoretically consistent model of instrumentation of experience for micro-level analysis of teaching and learning based on the construct of content transformation. We propose a micro-level model for analyzing the instrumentation of experience in educational settings, highlighting the interaction between the subjective, intersubjective, and objective content modalities, Kvasz's typology of cultural genesis in science and its operationalisation through five epistemic categories (e.g. cognitive penetrability of imagination). The operational grounding of these categories is illustrated through case study examples. This model serves for micro-analysis of content transformations during teaching and learning and thus to contribute to the enhancement of teaching and learning quality through classroom observations and analytical reflection.

Modelling of planetary accretion and core-mantle structure formation

Abstract We advance a thermodynamically consistent model of self-gravitational accretion and differentiation in planets. The system is modeled in actual variables as a compressible thermoviscoelastic fluid in a fixed, sufficiently large domain. The supply of material to the accreting and differentiating system is described as a bulk source of mass, volume, impulse, and energy localized in some border region of the domain. Mass, momentum, and energy conservation, along with constitutive relations, result in an extended compressible Navier–Stokes-Fourier-Poisson system. The centrifugal and Coriolis forces are also considered. After studying some single-component setting, we consider a two-component situation, where metals and silicates mix and differentiate under gravity, eventually forming a core-mantle structure. The energetics of the models are elucidated. Moreover, we prove that the models are stable, in that self-gravitational collapse is excluded. Eventually, we comment on the prospects of devising a rigorous mathematical approximation and existence theory.

Planar or Spatial: Exploring Design Aspects and Challenges for Presentations in Virtual Reality with No-coding Interface

The proliferation of virtual reality (VR) has led to its increasing adoption as an immersive medium for delivering presentations, distinct from other VR experiences like games and 360-degree videos by sharing information in richly interactive environments. However, creating engaging VR presentations remains a challenging and time-consuming task for users, hindering the full realization of VR presentation's capabilities. This research aims to explore the potential of VR presentation, analyze users' opinions, and investigate these via providing a user-friendly no-coding authoring tool. Through an examination of popular presentation software and interviews with seven professionals, we identified five design aspects and four design challenges for VR presentations. Based on the findings, we developed VRStory, a prototype for presentation authoring without coding to explore the design aspects and strategies for addressing the challenges. VRStory offers a variety of predefined and customizable VR elements, as well as modules for layout design, navigation control, and asset generation. A user study was then conducted with 12 participants to investigate their opinions and authoring experience with VRStory. Our results demonstrated that, while acknowledging the advantages of immersive and spatial features in VR, users often have a consistent mental model for traditional 2D presentations and may still prefer planar and static formats in VR for better accessibility and efficient communication. We finally shared our learned design considerations for future development of VR presentation tools, emphasizing the importance of balancing of promoting immersive features and ensuring accessibility.

The Miocene to Quaternary evolution of the Vienna Basin (northeastern part): geodynamics, eustasy, stratigraphy and depositional systems

Long-term research of the Vienna Basin (Central Europe) has resulted in multiple stratigraphic concepts, although these are at least in part mutually exclusive. This contribution aims to reconsider the available information on the northeastern Vienna Basin, located in Slovakia, to create a consistent stratigraphic model. Lithostratigraphic correlations based on benthic taxa – widely used elsewhere – are omitted, since these include inherently diachronous palaeoecological zones. This presumption of diachroneity is further supported by the evidence of shelf-slope scale clinoforms. The following sequences were identified: (1) the Early Miocene wedge-top basin, genetically unrelated to the subsequently formed Vienna Basin – Eggenburgian–Ottnangian cycles are still obscured, and the Karpatian includes two transgressive–regressive cycles; (2) Middle Miocene early Badenian rifting including the Kúty Fm lowstand and Lanžhot Fm, together with the Devínska Nová Ves Fm, comprising transgression and a highstand; (3) Middle Miocene late Badenian rifting including lowstand offshore Jakubov Mbr and transgressive littoral Stupava Fm, followed by the highstand offshore Studienka Mbr passing to normal regressive Matzen delta; (4) Middle Miocene Sarmatian rifting including the basal Kopčany and Radimov Mbrs, the offshore transgressive to regressive Holíč Fm and the highstand normal regressive deltaic Skalica Fm; and (5) supposed Late Miocene rifting with Lake Pannon transgression resulting in the lacustrine Bzenec Fm, followed by the highstand normal regressive deltaic Čáry and alluvial Gbely Fms.

The Role of Servant Leadership, School Culture and Supervision System on Teacher Performance Mediated by Teacher Competence and Moderated by Good Scholl Governance

The research is an observational study aiming to test a model in which the effect of servant leadership as exogenous constructs; school culture and supervision system will affect teacher performance by mediating factor: competency, with oversight moderation variable. If anything, the need for leadership consistency and governance models which described by Inceoglu et al launched differs greatly according to institution of higher education executing research (Indonesian educational context) because how various cultural norms operate in relation to one another impacts teacher efficacy. This study uses a sample that involves different types of schools within Indonesia and applies Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) for the data analysis with focus on measurement properties as well correlations among variables. Results indicate that while effective supervision and governance, servant leadership as well as organizational culture contributes significantly to teaching performance at school; the combination of these elements are needed in nurturing a high-performing education system. Importantly, provision of effective leadership and governance at all levels of the system for ensuring optimum teacher effectiveness is strongly accorded here by this research. Further research is encouraged to investigate these trends and their influence on teacher performance over time using longitudinal methods.

Do gravity data justify a rifted “Liguro-Provençal Basin”?

The geodynamic evolution of the Liguro-Provençal Basin and its crust and upper mantle structure remain debated, especially regarding the role of rifting in continental break-up and seafloor spreading. Our study incorporates updated datasets, including new gravity maps from the AlpArray Gravity Working Group (complete Bouguer, free air, and isostatic anomalies) for 3D modeling and gravity field analysis, seismic data from Lobster offshore campaigns for direct comparison, and geodynamic models, supplemented by seismic profiles from previous French and Italian campaigns to constrain the interpretation. We used GFZ’s IGMAS + software for interactive 3D modeling, creating a density model extending to 300 km depth that includes crustal and upper mantle inhomogeneities based on prior geodynamic models. This hybrid approach, with polygonal structures for the crust and voxels for the upper mantle, clarifies individual contributions to the gravity field. Extending initial gravity modeling from the SPP MB4D project INTEGRATE, our work provides a consistent 3D density model for the Alps and Ligurian Basin. The constrained 3D modeling and numerical analyses (terracing, clustering, filtering, curvature), along with vertical stress and gravitational potential energy calculations, suggest that rifting has significantly influenced the basin’s geological evolution.

Divine foreknowledge, evidence and epistemic responsibility

AbstractIn several recent publications, John Martin Fischer proposed a new solution to the problem of divine foreknowledge, which he dubbed the bootstrapping view. On this view, God can have limited knowledge of contingent future based on a combination of (a) God's knowledge of inconclusive evidence about the contingent world available to humans and (b) divine self‐knowledge and more specifically God's knowledge of His essential infallibility. On the basis of the former, God obtains knowledge about contingent future, and by virtue of the latter, God bootstraps this knowledge to certainty. Fischer acknowledges that the mechanism of bootstrapping remains opaque to us, but maintains that his view offers a consistent model of God's limited foreknowledge of contingent future in an indeterministic world. The essay examines the bootstrapping view and some problems it gives rise to, as well as presents a related model of divine foreknowledge that is consistent and simpler and gives God comprehensive foreknowledge.

A Multi-Decadal Hourly Coincident Wind and Solar Power Production Dataset for the Contiguous United States

As renewable energy continues its rapid expansion in the Unites States, multi-decadal hourly datasets of electricity production are needed to asses reliability and resource adequacy of power grids. Recent years have seen the release of grid-cell-level simulated meteorological variables, however these are not extended to the power domain, are not developed from a dynamically consistent numerical weather model, and only cover a historical baseline of less than a decade. To fill this gap, this work provides a dataset of 43 years of coincident plant-level wind and solar power production data. The dataset is designed to be aggregated to appropriate scales of interest for bulk system studies such as Balancing Authorities (BAs), states, and nodes of a production cost model. The dataset covers every plant in the contiguous U.S. that is reported in the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA) Form 860 as of 2020. When compared with the EIA-923 monthly generation, we find minimal bias (less than 5%). When compared with BA-reported hourly generation, we find low bias in solar (less than 7%), and slight underdispersion in wind. This coincident multi-decadal historical dataset provides a documented and evaluated multi-resource baseline for studies on reliability, resource adequacy, climate change impacts, and characterization of emergent climate threats on renewable resources.

Exploring the decision-making process in model development: focus on the Arctic snowpack

Abstract. The Arctic poses many challenges for Earth system and snow physics models, which are commonly unable to simulate crucial Arctic snowpack processes,such as vapour gradients and rain-on-snow-induced ice layers. These limitations raise concerns about the current understanding of Arctic warming and its impact on biodiversity, livelihoods, permafrost, and the global carbon budget. Recognizing that models are shaped by human choices, 18 Arctic researchers were interviewed to delve into the decision-making process behind model construction. Although data availability, issues of scale, internal model consistency, and historical and numerical model legacies were cited as obstacles to developing an Arctic snowpack model, no opinion was unanimous. Divergences were not merely scientific disagreements about the Arctic snowpack but reflected the broader research context. Inadequate and insufficient resources, partly driven by short-term priorities dominating research landscapes, impeded progress. Nevertheless, modellers were found to be both adaptable to shifting strategic research priorities – an adaptability demonstrated by the fact that interdisciplinary collaborations were the key motivation for model development – and anchored in the past. This anchoring and non-epistemic values led to diverging opinions about whether existing models were “good enough” and whether investing time and effort to build a new model was a useful strategy when addressing pressing research challenges. Moving forward, we recommend that both stakeholders and modellers be involved in future snow model intercomparison projects in order to drive developments that address snow model limitations currently impeding progress in various disciplines. We also argue for more transparency about the contextual factors that shape research decisions. Otherwise, the reality of our scientific process will remain hidden, limiting the changes necessary to our research practice.

Multi-physics modeling of phase change memory operations in Ge-rich Ge2Sb2Te5 alloys

One of the most widely used active materials for phase-change memories (PCM), the ternary stoichiometric compound Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST), has a low crystallization temperature of around 150°C. One solution to achieve higher operating temperatures is to enrich GST with additional germanium. This alloy crystallizes into a polycrystalline mixture of two phases, GST and almost pure germanium. In a previous work [R. Bayle et al., J. Appl. Phys. 128, 185 101 (2020)], this crystallization process was studied using a multi-phase field model (MPFM) with a simplified thermal field calculated by a separate solver. Here, we combine the MPFM and a phase-aware electrothermal solver to achieve a consistent multi-physics model for device operations in PCM. Simulations of memory operations are performed to demonstrate its ability to reproduce experimental observations and the most important calibration curves that are used to assess the performance of a PCM cell.