Effect Of Low Back Pain Research Articles

Beliefs regarding the use of imaging among patients with low back pain: A cross-sectional study in the context of a middle-income country.

Patients with low back pain may play an active role in the prescription of excessive spine imaging. To determine the proportion of patients with low back pain who have beliefs not aligned with current evidence regarding the use of imaging and to identify factors associated with these beliefs. Secondary analysis of baseline data of a previously published randomized clinical trial. Outpatient physical therapy clinic in a middle-income country. Individuals with non-specific low back pain. Outcome variables were two statements assessing the extent of patient agreement on the need for imaging in the management of low back pain. The predictor variables were age, educational level, duration of symptoms, disability level, pain intensity in the last 24 hours, beliefs about inevitable consequences of low back pain (assessed using the Back Belief Questionnaire), and having received imaging previously. Multivariable logistic models were used for data analysis. Level of agreement with Statement 1: X-rays or scans are necessary to get the best medical care for low back pain and Statement 2: Everyone with low back pain should have spine imaging. A total of 159 patients were included. Of these, 88.1% believed that imaging was necessary for the best medical care for low back pain and 62.9% believed that everyone with low back pain should obtain imaging. Lower scores on the Back Belief Questionnaire were associated with beliefs that imaging was necessary (odds ratio [OR] = 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81, 0.99) and low education level was associated with the belief that everyone with low back pain should obtain imaging (OR = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.38, 6.61), after controlling for potential confounders. Nearly 90% of patients believe that spine imaging is necessary for the management of low back pain. Beliefs about the inevitable consequences of low back pain and low education level may be factors that need to be considered when developing new interventions.

The positive effect of pulse electromagnetic field therapy on pain and disability in chronic low back pain: a comparative study

BackgroundLow back pain that lasts longer than three months is called chronic low back pain. Chronic low back pain is among the most common problems in the world, causing severe disability and loss of employment in patients.ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of pulse electromagnetic field therapy (PEMFT) added to routine physical therapy on pain and functional status in patients with chronic low back pain.MethodsThis retrospective comparative study included 69 patients with chronic low back pain. The patients were divided into two groups: those who received lumbar transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, infrared, and ultrasound treatments, and those who additionally received PEMFT. The files of patients with chronic low back pain were reviewed, and those who had been evaluated using the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale (QBPDS) in terms of functional capacity and effects of low back pain and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain both before and after treatment were included in the study.ResultsNo significant difference was detected between the two groups’ pretreatment VAS and QBPDS scores (p > 0.05). The second-and-third measurement scores of both groups were significantly lower than their first-measurement VAS and QBPDS scores (p ˂ 0.001), but there was no significant difference between their second- and third-measurement scores (p > 0.05). According to the inter-group comparison of the VAS and QBPDS scores, the second and third-measurement scores of the PEMFT group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p ˂ 0.001).ConclusionsPEMFT seems to be able to alleviate pain intensity and ameliorate disability in patients with chronic low back pain. PEMFT can be considered an effective and safe option that can be added to routine physical therapy modalities for relieving chronic low back pain frequently encountered in clinical practice. Further studies validating the effectiveness of PEMFT could strengthen its position in the management of chronic low back pain.

Comparison of short-wave diathermy, Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation of electrotherapy methods and exercise therapy in chronic low back conditions

Background: Low back pain is a significant contributor to global disability, impacting individuals across different age groups. Research suggests that around 80% of people will encounter low back pain at some stage in their lives. This condition is more prevalent among middle-aged and elderly individuals, with a higher occurrence among females. The socioeconomic consequences of low back pain are substantial, including increased healthcare expenses, absenteeism from work, and a diminished quality of life. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of short-wave diathermy with exercise, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with exercise, and exercise alone among patients with chronic low back pain. Patients and Methods: 75 patients who were diagnosed with chronic low back pain, ages 20–50, participated. They were divided into three groups: group A received shortwave with exercise, group B received TENS with exercise, and group C received just exercise. Treatment was given for 12 sessions over a period of 4 weeks. All patients were evaluated before and after treatment using a visual analog scale and the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire. Results: The results showed that all three interventions were effective in reducing pain and improving physical activities, with varying degrees of success. But also, the result showed that the mean difference for the short wave with exercise is much higher than both the TENS with exercise and the exercise alone types of interventions in each of the different categories, respectively. Conclusion: This study has shown that shortwave exercise is more effective in the treatment of chronic low back pain than TENS with exercise and exercise alone.

Comparison of short-wave diathermy, Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation of electrotherapy methods and exercise therapy in chronic low back conditions

Background: Low back pain is a significant contributor to global disability, impacting individuals across different age groups. Research suggests that around 80% of people will encounter low back pain at some stage in their lives. This condition is more prevalent among middle-aged and elderly individuals, with a higher occurrence among females. The socioeconomic consequences of low back pain are substantial, including increased healthcare expenses, absenteeism from work, and a diminished quality of life. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of short-wave diathermy with exercise, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation with exercise, and exercise alone among patients with chronic low back pain. Patients and Methods: 75 patients who were diagnosed with chronic low back pain, ages 20–50, participated. They were divided into three groups: group A received shortwave with exercise, group B received TENS with exercise, and group C received just exercise. Treatment was given for 12 sessions over a period of 4 weeks. All patients were evaluated before and after treatment using a visual analog scale and the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire. Results: The results showed that all three interventions were effective in reducing pain and improving physical activities, with varying degrees of success. But also, the result showed that the mean difference for the short wave with exercise is much higher than both the TENS with exercise and the exercise alone types of interventions in each of the different categories, respectively. Conclusion: This study has shown that shortwave exercise is more effective in the treatment of chronic low back pain than TENS with exercise and exercise alone. Keywords: Shortwave, TENS, Exercise, Chronic low back pain.

Length Of Time Return To Work In Workers With Low Back Pain And Associated Factors

Low back pain is one of the musculoskeletal disorders often associated to work. Based on previous research, 70.3% low back pain was found in manual handling workers and 22.98% in female nurses in hospital wards. The effects of low back pain are disability, decreased productivity and attendance rate, and loss of working hours. Returning to work as soon as possible after illness in a certain capacity is a highly recommended action. Until now in Indonesia there is no data on the length of time return to work on workers with low back pain and related factors. This study used cross-sectional design to determine the length of time return to work and its relation to individual factors, work, and work environment. It used the Oswestry questionnaire and the population is workers who have low back pain and treated in a hospital, given sick leave, by the doctor as outpatient or inpatient. Workers with low back pain treated at the hospital (November 2016-April 2017), obtained a doctor's rest and or hospitalization letter amounting to 40 people (total sampling). The average value of the duration of return to work is 3 days (1-15 days) although clinical complaints have not fully disappeared. Factors relating to the length of the return to work were age (OR 9,71, 95% CI 1.08-87.31) and disability level before treatment (OR 2.50, 95% CI1.25-4.99). Length of time return to work due to low back pain is 3 days and has association to age and disability level.

Can a generic patient reported outcome measure substitute a condition specific measure at assessing care effectiveness in low back pain?

Quality of care assessments beside the provider level should also include the patient perspective, however, there aren't widespread solutions for this approach. One possibility is to apply a generic, thus, widely applicable Patient Reported Outcomes Measure (PROM) to assess care outcomes. Taking this notion into consideration, this study aimed to investigate if a generic questionnaire can reliably substitute a disease-specific questionnaire when measuring care effectiveness with patient-reported outcome measures among patients with low back pain. Between January and December 2019, we conducted a before and after survey in three Hungarian hospitals. Adults with confirmed low back pain expecting spinal surgery were eligible to enter the study. SF-36 Health Survey (SF-36) and Roland‐Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) were used. Multivariate linear regression analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between the results of the two questionnaires and how service provider, sex, and education level could explain the differences in the calculated PROM-based performance measures. During the pre-intervention survey, 11 individuals decided to either not sign the consent form or complete the questionnaire. As a result, 116 individuals participated in the first – baseline – survey and 86 in the second – follow-up – survey. The drop-out rate varied by providers: the lowest rate was 15%, and the highest 39%. Of the SF-36 subscale-based performance measures, role limitations due to physical health and physical functioning significantly correlated with the RMDQ performance measure. Considering the necessary minimum clinically important difference, the explanatory analysis showed that the SF-36 physical functioning subscale-based and the RMDQ-based performance measures established the same performance rank-order among the participating hospitals. The physical functioning subscale of the SF-36 provided similar results to the RMDQ regarding care effectiveness. Thus, the SF-36 may be able to measure and compare care effectiveness among providers in low-back pain. If future studies investigating other health conditions come to the same conclusion, then the SF-36 could be used by itself to incorporate the patient perspective into health care quality assessments, thereby increasing comparability and lowering administrative costs.

Evaluation of pulmonary function in patients of non-specific low back pain

INTRODUCTION: Diaphragm is the primary inspiratory muscle and it plays an essential role in controlling the spine during postural control. In nonspecific low back pain, the diaphragm muscle becomes weak, due to which the pulmonary functions may decrease. To the best of our knowledge there is a scarcity of literature in regard to the effect of low back pain on pulmonary parameters. Thus, the study is aimed to evaluate the pulmonary function in patients with non-specific low back pain. METHODS: One hundred and thirteen patients with non-specific low back pain and 113 BMI matched normal individuals as a comparison group aged 18-40 years of male and female genders were recruited by purposive sampling method for this prospective cross-sectional study. The non-specific back pain group included participants diagnosed with non-specific low back pain with pain intensity > 3 on VAS scale and duration > 3 months. After initial screening and assessment, anthropometric characteristics were recorded. Then, the pulmonary function test (FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, PEFR, SVC, MVV) were recorded in both groups. RESULT: Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used for normality assessment and data was found to be not normally distributed. Non parametric data was represented as median and IQR (Inter Quartile Range). Between groups data analysis was performed by using Mann-Whitney U test and the effect size was computed for the study variables. P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. There was a significant difference in pulmonary function values of FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEFR, SVC, MVV. There was no significant difference in age and BMI of the participants of both groups. CONCLUSION: There exist significant differences in pulmonary function in patients with non-specific low back pain.

Prevalence, Risk Factors and Effects of Low Back Pain on Quality of Life among Healthcare Professionals of Lahore, Pakistan

Low back pain being a prevalent disease is affecting the quality of life. The health care professionals also experience low back pain due to their nature of work. Objective: To determine the prevalence of low back pain with its contributing factors and its impact on life’s quality of healthcare professionals. Methods: The cross-sectional study design was applied to conduct this study. In this study, a total of 384 health care professionals from different hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan were randomly surveyed. Descriptive statistics and Chi square test used to analyze the data (p-value < 0.05). Results: The frequency of pain in lower back was 63% among health care professionals. A total of 56% female healthcare professionals had low back pain. Risk factors i.e. smoking behavior, poor posture at work, standing time, working hour per day, sleeping disorder and general stress had significant association with pain intensity rating scale (p-value < 0.005). The quality of life of healthcare professionals measured with Oswestry disability index (ODI) had also significant relation with low back pain (p-value < 0.0). Conclusions: In conclusion, the pain in lower back was more prevalent in female healthcare professionals. Occupational risk factors, Smoking behavior, sleeping disorder and general stress were considered as major risk factors. The most useful coping strategy was rest. The quality of life of healthcare professionals were highly effected by low back pain.

Negative back beliefs are associated with increased odds of low back pain and disability: a 10-year cohort study in men

Abstract Objective Although negative back beliefs are associated with high-intensity low back pain (LBP)/disability, whether they influence incident high-intensity LBP/high disability over the long-term is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether negative back beliefs were associated with developing high-intensity LBP and/or high disability over 10 years in men. Methods Men with no or low-intensity LBP and/or disability attending the Geelong Osteoporosis Study between 2006 and 2010 were included. Data on age, body mass index, mobility, education, back beliefs (Back Beliefs Questionnaire), LBP and disability (Graded Chronic Pain Scale) were collected between 2006 and 2010. Beliefs, LBP and disability were re-assessed in 2016–2021. Binary logistic regression was used to examine the association between negative back beliefs and incident high-intensity pain and/or high disability, adjusting for age, body mass index, mobility and education. Results At baseline, 705 participants (mean age 53.8 years) had no or low LBP and no or low disability; 441 (62.6%) participants completed a 10-year follow-up. Of these, 37 (8.4%) developed high-intensity pain and/or high disability. In multivariate analyses, participants with more negative back beliefs at baseline were more likely to develop high-intensity pain and/or high disability (odds ratio 1.05; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.11). Developing more negative back beliefs was also associated with incident high-intensity pain and/or high disability (odds ratio 1.20; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.30). Conclusion In a male community-based population, negative beliefs regarding the consequences of LBP were associated with an increased likelihood of developing high-intensity pain and/or high disability. Addressing negative back beliefs in the community may reduce the incidence of high-intensity pain and/or high disability over 10 years in men.

Increased velocity feedback gains in the presence of sensory noise can explain paradoxical changes in trunk motor control related to back pain

Literature reports paradoxical findings regarding effects of low-back pain (LBP) on trunk motor control. Compared to healthy individuals, patients with LBP, especially those with high pain-related anxiety, showed stronger trunk extensor reflexes and more resistance against perturbations. On the other hand, LBP patients and especially those with high pain-related anxiety showed decreased precision in unperturbed trunk movement and posture. These paradoxical effects might be explained by arousal potentially increasing average and variance of muscle spindle firing rates. Increased average firing rates could increase resistance against perturbations, but increased variance could decrease precision. We performed a simulation study to test this hypothesis.We modeled the trunk as a 2D inverted pendulum, stabilized by two antagonistic Hill-type muscles, based on their open-loop muscle activation dependent intrinsic stiffness and damping and through 25 ms-delayed, noisy contractile element length and velocity feedback. Reference feedback gains and sensory noise levels were tuned based on previously reported experimental data. We assessed the effect of increasing feedback gains on precision of trunk orientation at different perturbation magnitudes and assessed sensitivity of the effects to open-loop muscle stimulation and noise levels.At low perturbation magnitudes, increasing reflex gains consistently caused an increase in the variance of trunk orientation. At larger perturbation magnitudes, increasing reflex gains consistently caused a decrease in the variance of trunk orientation.Our results support the notion that LBP and related anxiety may increase reflex gains, resulting in an increase in the average and variance of spindle afference, which in turn increase resistance against perturbations and decrease movement precision.

The Association between Low Back Pain and Quality of Life among Health Sciences Students

Introduction: Low back pain (LBP) is a growing public health problem that can affect anybody. However, little is known regarding the quality of life (QOL) of university students in Malaysia as consequences of LBP, especially among Health Sciences students. The goal of this study was to determine the association between QOL and LBP among Health Sciences students. Methods: Through convenience sampling, 96 Health Sciences students from a Malaysian university were included in this cross-sectional survey. The Oswestry Disability Index (OSW) Questionnaire and the Short-form 36 Questionnaire (SF-36) were used to collect the data. Results: According to the findings of this study, 93.8 percent (n=90) of the students had mild LBP, whereas 6.2 percent (n=6) had moderate LBP. There were no significant mean variations in LBP by gender, age, or course type (p>0.05). This study, however, discovered a significant negative relationship between all dimensions of QOL (general health, physical, and social function) and LBP disability (r=–0.24 to –0.40), p<0.05. This indicated that the students with a higher QOL score experienced less LBP. Conclusion: Finally, this research found a significant negative correlation between QOL and LBP in terms of general health physical function, and social function.

Prevalence of low back pain among nurses and the effects on job performance in tertiary health institutions in Ondo State, Nigeria

The study aims to determine the prevalence of low back pain (LBP) among nurses in two tertiary health facilities in Ondo State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used for the study. A total of 269 respondents were selected using quota sampling technique. Validated, pretested questionnaires were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The result of the study has shown the lifetime prevalence, current prevalence and 12 months prevalence of low back pain among nurses to be 79%, 30% and 59% respectively. Out of the proportion with low back pain in the past 12 months, majority (69.5%) had acute pain while 30.5% had chronic pain. Moreover, more than half (55.9%) of the proportion with low back pain in the last 12 months described the pain to be moderate. The notable self-reported factors associated with low back pain among the nurses include standing for a long time in the course of working, heavy workloads in the place of work, lifting of patients frequently, bending or twisting frequently in the course of working and working in awkward position. Effect of low back pain on duty performance include inability to care for patients as appropriate, absenteeism at work, intention to change work place and intention to quit nursing profession. Conclusively, this study has shown high rate of low back pain prevalence. Heavy workloads and lifting of patients were among the notable factors. The study recommended that more staffs should be employed, while health policies should be made towards improving the working conditions of nurses in tertiary health care settings in Nigeria.

DOR LOMBAR E ALTERAÇÕES DO POSICIONAMENTO ARTICULAR EM CICLISTAS: UM ESTUDO TRANSVERSAL

ABSTRACT Introduction: Low back pain is one of the most common complaints among cyclists. The disharmony of the cyclist-bike combination may be a predisposing factor. Bike Fit is a technique that aims to adjust the bike to the individual characteristics of the cyclist. Objectives: To investigate the relationship between the cyclist’s position on the bicycle and the occurrence of complaints of low back pain. Methods: Data obtained during Bike Fit from 62 amateur cyclists were used in the study. Cyclists were filmed during the act of pedaling on a stationary roller and image analysis was performed using Kinovea® software. Data related to complaints of low back pain and positioning on the bicycle were used in the Chi-Square test and binary logistic regression. Results: The mean age was 38.06 ± 8.82 years, 87.7% of the sample was composed of men and low back pain was found in 40.3% (25/62) of the participants. Univariate analysis showed a positive correlation between low back pain and the following variables: ankle dorsiflexion angle (X2=6.947, p=0.014) and upper limb reach (X2=5.247; p=0.032). Binary logistic regression showed a positive association between reaching with the upper limbs and low back pain (r=2.728; p=0.002) and a negative association between knee advancement and low back pain (r= -2.281; p=0.007). Conclusion: Cyclists with low back pain present changes in their position on the bicycle, which reinforces the importance of evaluating the cyclist/bike combination. However, it is not possible to state whether the positional changes observed in the study sample are causes or consequences of low back pain. Level of evidence: Level III; Cross-sectional observational study.

Investigation of the effect of low back pain on the musculoskeletal system in individuals with COVID-19 infection

Investigation of the effect of low back pain on the musculoskeletal system in individuals with COVID-19 infection

The effects of lower back pain due to herniated disc on sleep, quality of life and depression symptoms

Introduction: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between herniated disc-related low back pain and depression, sleep, and quality of life.Methods: A control group consisting of 28 patients with herniated disc-related pain and 28 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Quality of Life Index (SF-36) are applied to all groups. Pain severity was evaluated with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Sleep parameters were analyzed with an actigraphy device.Results: Depression and quality of life scores differed between the two groups, and they were observed as significantly higher in the group with herniated disc. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between pain severity and depression. On the other hand, there was a negative correlation between pain intensity and sleep efficiency. Subjects with low back pain had worse sleep quality and lower sleep efficiency (mean 71.7%) than the control group. The logistic regression analysis found a significant relationship between depression and VAS pain variables (p=0.030; 95% CI: 0.021-0.823).Conclusions: Our study's results reveal a relationship between pain and depression in herniated disc patients. Moreover, it was concluded that the deteriorated sleep quality due to low back pain also increased the severity of depression. This relationship related to the unpleasant consequences of chronic pain should be taken into account when planning the medical treatment and follow-up of patients with herniated disc, and also when explaining their expectations from surgical treatment.Keywords: Herniated disc, pain, sleep, depression, actigraphy.

Telerehabilitation for Exercise Training in Pregnancy

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of exercise training on the severity of low back pain, disability, and quality of life in pregnant women followed by telerehabilitation. STUDY DESIGN: This prospective cohort study consisted of 11 pregnant women. Low back pain severity and the effect of low back pain on functionality, quality of life, and aerobic capacity were determined by the Visual Analogue Scale, Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire, Short Form-36 (SF-36) and 6-minute walking test, respectively. The home-based exercise regimen was designed, and telerehabilitation support was provided two days a week for a total of eight weeks. The evaluations were repeated after the exercise program and the Wilcoxon test was used to compare the pre- vs. post-treatment results. RESULTS: Physical function, physical and emotional role difficulty, pain subscale of SF-36, low back pain severity, walking distance in the 6-minute walking test, Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire scores seemed to have improved after the exercise program. CONCLUSION: Telerehabilitation can be an effective method of increasing the functionality and quality of life by maintaining exercise programs during pregnancy.

Effect of low back pain on clinical-functional factors and its associated potential risk of chronicity in adolescent dancers of classical ballet: cross-sectional study

BackgroundLow back pain (LBP) is a common symptom in classical ballet dancers, which can limit their daily activities and dance training routines. The purpose of the study was to verify the association and comparison of clinical-functional outcomes (spine flexibility and foot posture) between different levels of intensity low back pain in adolescents of classical ballet and the potential risk of chronicity using the STarT back tool.MethodsCross-sectional study. Participants: 78 adolescent girls who practice classical ballet were evaluated and divided into groups according to level of low back pain: mild (n = 21), moderate (n = 17), and high (n = 20), and a control group (n = 20). Main outcome measures: Pain, flexibility of the spine (thoracic and lumbosacral), risk of chronicity for low back pain, and foot posture were assessed using the visual analogue scale, clinical tests, STarT back screening tool (SBST) questionnaire, and foot posture index (FPI), respectively.ResultsDancers with high-intensity low back pain showed a potential risk of chronicity by the SBST. The spine pain intensity was not different considering thoracic and lumbosacral flexibility in the sagittal plane, but was different with greater supine FPI when compared to control dancers. Mild low back pain was associated with greater supine FPI. The SBST score was associated with higher exposure time–frequency and time of dancing.ConclusionAdolescents of classical ballet with high-intensity low back pain showed a potential risk of chronicity by the SBST. The level of intensity low back pain did not influence the clinical-functional aspects of spine flexibility in the sagittal plane, but the level of intensity moderate pain promoted changes in foot posture (more supinated). The potential risk of chronicity using the SBST was also associated with higher exposure time–frequency and time of dancing, in adolescents of classical ballet.

The effect of low back pain on neuromuscular control in cyclists

ABSTRACT This study was designed to identify neuromuscular adaptations of low back pain (LBP) cyclists , and the impact of a cycling effort on spinal shrinkage. Forty-eight trained cyclists rode their road bike on a smart trainer for 1-hour. Surface electromyography (EMG) recorded muscle activity of the lumbar erector spinae (LES), 3D motion analysis system recorded kinematic of the trunk, and stadiometry measured spinal height. Statistical comparisons were made using repeated measure ANOVAs. The LBP group presented increase in pain levels throughout the effort (p < 0.001). A significant group difference was only observed for the thoracic angle (p = 0.03), which was less flexed for LBP. The one-hour cycling effort (time effect) significantly increased the trunk flexion (p < 0.001) and thoracic flexion (p < 0.001) for both groups. Significant lower LES activation (35% less) was observed at the end of the effort as well as a decrease in spinal height (p = 0.01) for both groups. Neuromuscular adaptations to cycling effort is identified by a decrease in LES EMG amplitude and an increase flexion of the trunk. Adaptation to pain is seen by an increase in thoracic flexion. Despite these adaptations, LBP cyclists could not ride their bike pain-free.

Effects of Low Back Pain During The First Stage of Labor on Maternal Birth Satisfaction: A Cross Sectional Study

Objectives: Low back pain during labor may occur independently of uterine contractions and may continue without interruption during the labour process. In this study, the characteristics of this pain and its effects on birth satisfaction were evaluated. Material and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study with recurrent measurements and consisted of women in the first stage of labor. Low-risk pregnant women in labor (n=300) were included in the study. Low back pain was repeatedly measured at the different phases of the first stage of the labor. The frequency and severity of low back pain, factors related to low back pain, and the effects of pain on maternal satisfaction were evaluated. Descriptive statistics, One-way ANOVA, Cochran's Q test, Logistic regression were used to evaluate the data. Results: The prevalence of low back pain in latent, active, and transitional phases were 38.6%, 60%, and 56.6% respectively. Mean pain score statistically, significantly increased from latent phase to active phase. Weight gain in pregnancy heightened body mass index, occiput posterior presentation, and dysmenorrhea was found to be related factors in low back pain. Maternal satisfaction scores were significantly higher in women without low back pain. Conclusion: Low back pain during labor is often overlooked. This study demonstrated the high frequency of low back pain during labor and its negative effects on birth satisfaction. Especially women with occiput posterior presentation, women with high body mass index and dysmenorrhea are at increased risk.

The Effect of Low Back Pain on Paraspinal Muscle Volumes in Adolescents

The Effect of Low Back Pain on Paraspinal Muscle Volumes in Adolescents