National Identity Consciousness Research Articles

Patriarhul Iustin Moisescu (1910-1986), un ierarh care și-a pus „toată osârdia, priceperea și râvna“ în slujba Bisericii Ortodoxe Române

The present work is intended to be a retrieval of the history of the contribution of personalities that have marked the history of the Romanian Orthodox Church and, implicitly, the history of Romania. Thus, In the “Commemorative Year of the Patriarchs Nicodim Munteanu and Iustin Moisescu and of the translators of church books” in the Romanian Patriarchate, addressed to the Romanian Orthodox hierarchies and eparchies in the country and abroad, we set out to talk about the Patriarch Iustin Moisescu for understand the role it played in promoting living theology as a model, based on prayer, experience and life, even if the historical times were very difficult for the Church, the communists wanting to destroy it, because it maintained the consciousness of national identity and a hierarchy of authentic values, that opposed the atheist ideology promoted by them. Thus, starting from a brief biography of the one who was the fourth Romanian Patriarch, we were interested in the perception of contemporaries, as well as those who succeeded him, as I have not neglected his quality as a theologian, teacher university and publisher. Iustin Moisescu was an intellectual, theologian, who devoted all his energy to maintaining the right faith, to support the monastery life, to relieve the people and to give cultural brilliance to the Church, as he alone confessed.

IDEAS OF NATIONAL REVIVAL IN CREATIVE ACTIVITY OF IVAN STESHENKO

The article is devoted to the outstanding Ukrainian writer, teacher, literary critic, translator, public figure and public figure I. Steshenko. The life and work of I. Stešenko are explored, his significant contribution to the development of Ukrainian literature, national education and culture has been revealed, the importance of his creative heritage in the context of the formation of Ukrainian national education, literature and art has been actualized. The authors of the article, due to the analysis of numerous publications in the periodicals, the widespread publication of a large number of documentary evidence and scientific discoveries made by historians and archivists, represent an interesting figure of Ivan Steshenko, an outstanding writer, literary critic, educator, public figure and public figure. The life and creative way of I.Stešenko was explored, the significance of his creative heritage in the context of the formation of Ukrainian national education, literature and art was revealed. On the basis of historical-biographical, cultural-historical methods of research, it was proved that the writer was a man of a wide scientific range, conducted active social, educational and cultural activities. The emphasis is on social activity of I.Stešenko, which is characterized by a wide range and many-sidedness: the development of Ukrainian schooling, the education of young people, the struggle for the Ukrainian university, the development of Ukrainian political life, the development of cultural institutions and the Ukrainian popular press to form the national outlook of the Ukrainian people. The authors focus on the pedagogical activity of I. Steshenko, which was carried out on the basis of the principles of humanism inherent in the most prominent representatives of philosophical, historical, cultural science and national ethnopedagogy; on the basis of social value traditions of native pedagogy, considering them as a leading factor in the formation of national identity consciousness. An outstanding teacher has determined the methodological principles and theoretical sources of modern national ethnopedagogy, the tasks aimed at ensuring the interconnection between school, family and society in the formation of the national identity of children and young people. The main principles of the educational and educational work of the school are analyzed: the unity of the formation of ideas about social reality as a part of the environment in children, reflecting the activities and relationships of people, and the education of a conscious desire to participate in the lives of the people around them; emotionogenicity as a necessary condition for children to learn social experience; complex application of different kinds of activity of children; formation of an active attitude towards the world; using an example of an adult as a carrier of knowledge, norms, values; showing personal qualities of people due to their attitude towards themselves and the attitude of adults to other people and to the child, etc. In his writings, I. Stetshenko asserted national ideas of patriotism, national consciousness, education and culture. These concepts are peculiar codes for reading his works of art, the key to understanding literary criticism and the Ukrainian literary process in general.

민족 상징물의 기원 : 스코틀랜드의 민족 아이콘, ‘운명의 돌’의 경우

In 1996, the Stone of destiny returned to Scotland from Westminster Abbey in England. The stone, which was originally placed at Scone, Scotland, had been involved in the inaugural tradition in some way since well before 1296, which made the Scots consider the stone a national icon. However, the stone was taken to Westminster Abbey in London by the English King Edward I in 1296, when he invaded the kingdom of Scotland. Then the stone began to be used for English coronation ceremonies beginning with that of Henry IV in 1399. Breaking a long silence on the stone, from the mid-twentieth century the Scots drew their attention to the stone. Most contemporary Scottish historians argue that the stone began to be seen as a national symbol during the war of Scottish Independence against Edward I from 1296 to 1328, as a part of the emerging notion of Scottish sovereignty and the consciousness of national identity. However, this article aims to rethink of the origin of the Stone of Destiny as a national icon and to give its significance new consideration.