Congenital Malignant Tumor Research Articles

Solid Cancers in the Premature and the Newborn: Report of Three National Referral Centers

Advances in multidisciplinary care for pediatric cancer have resulted in significant improvement in cure rates over the last decades; however, these advances have not been uniform across all age groups. Cancer is an important cause of perinatal mortality, yet the full spectrum of malignant neoplasms in newborns is not well defined. The authors have reviewed the clinical features and outcomes of 37 newborns with congenital malignant tumors treated at three referral centers in North, Central, and South Poland between 1980 and 2014. Event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were estimated by Kaplan-Meier methods and compared using long-rank test and Cox models. Twenty-two patients were diagnosed prenatally. The most common diagnoses were neuroblastoma (48.7%), followed by malignant germ-cell tumor (16.2%), and Wilms' tumor (8.1%). Neuroblastoma was the most common malignancy among full-term infants, and malignant sacrococcygeal teratoma was the most common malignancy in premature infants. Thirty patients (81%) are alive with a median follow-up of 4.8years from diagnosis. Patients with Wilms' tumor and malignant germ-cell tumors had the best outcomes (5-year OS 100% for both), whereas the worst prognosis was observed for sarcoma patients (5-year OS 72.92%). Premature infants had better outcome than full-term infants (5-year OS 92.8% vs. 72.58%, respectively). Although rare, neonatal cancers can present with an aggressive clinical behavior, but they have a generally good outcome. Early diagnosis and management by expert multidisciplinary teams that integrate perinatal medicine experts with pediatric and surgical oncologists are critical. Centralized care with clear referral pathways that facilitate early initiation of specialized treatment should be prioritized.

Extremity salvage with a free musculocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap and free tendon transfer after resection of a large congenital fibro sarcoma in a 15-week-old infant. A case report

A case of complex microsurgical reconstruction of the dorsum of the foot, including tendon transfer following tumor resection, in a 15-week-old male infant is presented. After birth, a 5.5 x 4 cm large tumor was observed on the dorsum of the right foot. Biopsy showed a congenital malignant fibro sarcoma. After initial chemotherapy a radical excision of the tumor at the age of 14 weeks was followed. To cover the defect a musculocutaneous latissimus dorsi flap was taken, the cutaneous part being large enough to cover the defect. Extensor tendons were reconstructed with free tendon transplants. Amputation is usually indicated in these cases. To the best of our knowledge, microsurgical reconstruction in infants at this age with congenital malignant tumors has not yet been reported. The case shows that Plastic surgery can play an important role in pediatric oncology and should routinely be integrated into the multi-modal treatment concepts.

Congenital malignant tumors in children

Congenital malignant tumors in children

Congenital malignant tumor of the skin in the newborn: Report of case

1. 1. Congenital malignant tumor of the skin in the newborn is very rare. 2. 2. A case of congenital malignant tumor of the skin in the newborn is reported in which excision of the tumor, followed by radium therapy, gave a good result.

Multiple Primary Cancer as Observed at the State Institute for the Study of Malignant Disease

Experience over a period of twenty years has taught us that the occurrence of multiple primary cancer is much more frequent than we have been inclined to believe. Most pathologists are agreed that the initial lesion of cancer is generally solitary. During the past fifty years, however, they have become more cognizant of the fact that more than one primary germ center may occur in a given system or organ. Such occurrences are now recognized as primary multiplicity of malignant lesions. Many writers on the subject have called attention to the rarity of this condition, but as more data are accumulated in hospitals, especially those devoted to the study of cancer, many more instances of multiple malignancy are encountered. The occurrence of primary multiple malignant lesions is most common in the skin. These tumors of the skin often supervene on dermatitis, such as chronic seborrhea or psoriasis, or follow prolonged exposure to inclement weather conditions, injuries, thermal and chemical irritation, or the well known roentgen dermatitis. Mulsow (1) reports a case of spindle-cell fibrosarcoma on the index finger of a physician, followed one year later by a typical roentgen-ray carcinoma of the middle finger of the same hand. Malignant tumors of the skin concomitant with mucous membrane malignancies involving the lips, mouth, pharynx, esophagus, vulva, vagina, or cervix, are not rare. Primary multiple malignant neoplasms of the internal viscera are probably less frequent, Congenital malignant tumors are known to occur bilaterally in the kidney, testicle, and ovary. Bilateral primary cancer of the breast is not infrequent. Almost all combinations in different systems, as well as different types of malignant disease, have been encountered in our study of 307 cases in which primary multiple malignancy existed during the period of observation. Other interesting phenomena were observed in this study, such as combinations of different types of malignancy in the same specimen. These combinations will be mentioned in more detail later in the course of this paper.