Confirmatory Factor Analysis Indices Research Articles

The Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Relaxation, Meditation, and Mindfulness Experiences Questionnaire Utilized Among Patients with Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iran.

Mindfulness is increasingly recognized as an effective strategy for managing chronic illnesses and improving mental well-being in cancer patients. This study sought to adapt and validate a Persian version of Relaxation, Meditation, and Mindfulness Experiences Tracker Questionnaire trait month 3.1″ (P-RMMtm 3.1) for use with Iranian cancer patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted in several hospitals affiliated with Kerman University of Medical Sciences in southeastern Iran. Validity and reliability tests were administered between March and December 2023. Results showed strong psychometric properties, with a six-factor solution explaining 72.387% of the variance. The identified factors were mindful transcendence, mindful relaxation, mindful emotion, mindful focus/awareness, mindful quiet, and mindful action. Confirmatory factor analysis indices were generally satisfactory (χ2/d.f. = 2.253, RMSEA = 0.079, GFI = 0.833, CFI = 0.923, and IFI = 0.924). Cronbach's alpha values for the RMMtm 3.1 factors ranged from 0.802 to 0.89. In conclusion, the Persian version of RMMtm 3.1 is a reliable instrument for assessing relaxation, meditation, and mindfulness experiences in Iranian cancer patients. Its concise format makes it suitable for future research with this population.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of Spiritual Self-Care Practice Scale in Iranian Patients with Cancer.

Spiritual self-care is defined as a set of patient-centered or family-centered spiritual activities aimed at promoting health and well-being. In chronic diseases such as cancer, the responsibility for care typically falls on the patient or their family, necessitating an accurate assessment of the patient's self-care practices to achieve this goal. The objective of this study was to translate, culturally adapt, and examine the psychometrics of the Persian version of the spiritual self-care practice scale (SSCPS) in cancer patients. This scale is designed to be administered directly to patients to assess their spiritual self-care practices. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the oncology ward in Afzalipoor Hospital, Javad Al-Aemeh Clinic, and Physicians Clinics affiliated with Kerman University of Medical Sciences in Kerman, southeast Iran. The study included qualitative and quantitative assessments of face validity, content validity, item analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (construct validity), and reliability. Data collection took place between March 20, 2023, and December 30, 2023. The scale's content validity index was calculated to be 0.948, with mostly minor revision comments for most items. The item-content validity indices ranged from 0.7 to 1. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a five-factor solution with 23 items, explaining 61.251% of the total variance. The identified factors were labeled as 'personal and interpersonal spiritual practices,' 'shaping and strengthening relationship practices,' 'religious practices,' 'physical spiritual practices,' and 'reshaping relationship practices.' Most of the confirmatory factor analysis indices were satisfactory (χ2/df = 1.665, CFI = 0.934, IFI = 0.935, RMSEA = 0.058). The Cronbach's α coefficient for the total scale was 0.89, while it ranged from 0.596 to 0.882 for the subscales. The Persian version of SSCPS with 23 items demonstrates reliability and effectiveness in assessing the spiritual practice performance of Iranian cancer patients. Compared to the original version, the Persian adaptation of SSCPS is concise, making it a suitable instrument for future research and practice on spiritual self-care among Iranian cancer patients.

Beyond Role Conflict and Ambiguity: A Global Measure of Role Stress among South African School Teachers

Background. Role stress is linked to reduced work performance, diminished organizational commitment, increased intention to leave a job, and negative physical and mental health effects. Given the significant implications of role stress, researchers have sought to understand and quantify the concept. The Role Conflict and Ambiguity (RCA) scales are widely utilized in job stress research as the predominant measurement tools. They were originally conceptualized as consisting of two independent dimensions: role conflict and role ambiguity. Objective. This study advances the validation research of the RCA scales by exploring its dimensionality through Mokken Scale Analysis (MSA) and Classical Test Theory (CTT). Method. South African school teachers responded to the RCA scales, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Teaching Satisfaction Scale. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and MSA were employed for data analysis. Results. The research determined that a second-order model provided the optimal fit, indicating that role ambiguity and role conflict are subordinate dimensions within the overarching construct of role stress. Conclusion. The findings from the CFA and supplementary bifactor indices reinforce the view that the instrument comprises 13 items, which assess a general dimension of role stress along with two sub-dimensions: role conflict and role ambiguity. Such specificity may lead to more effective strategies to mitigate role-related stress, thereby enhancing overall employee well-being, job satisfaction, and organizational productivity.

Psychometric evaluation of nursing interns’ consciousness of rights scale in clinical practice

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to translate the Awareness of Rights Scale into Chinese and test its psychometric properties among nursing students in clinical practice.MethodsThe original English scale was translated, synthesized, and back-translated according to the Brislin translation model: the translated scale was cross-culturally adapted through expert correspondence and pretesting to form the Chinese version of the scale; a convenience sampling method was used to survey 486 nursing interns in Liaoning, Guangdong, and Anhui regions to assess the reliability and validity of the scale.ResultsThe Chinese version of the scale consists of 14 items in three dimensions. The Cronbach’s alpha value of the scale was 0.916 and the range of Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of subscale was 0.768 to 0.894. The discounted half reliability was 0.867 and the retest reliability was 0.901. The scale content validity index (S-CVI) was 0.963. A total of three common factors were extracted for the exploratory factor analysis. The confirmatory factor analysis indices fit well (χ2/df = 1.092, RMSEA = 0.014, CFI = 0.998, IFI = 0.998. TLI = 0.997), and the model fit was good.ConclusionThe Chinese version of the scale has good reliability and validity in the nursing intern population and can be used to assess nursing interns’ awareness of their rights in clinical practice in mainland China.

The occupational burnout among medical staff with high workloads after the COVID-19 and its association with anxiety and depression

ObjectiveAfter the end of COVID-19, medical staff were immediately faced with a high workload, leading to widespread occupational burnout. This study aims to explore the level and influencing factors of burnout among medical staff during this period, as well as its relationship with anxiety and depression.MethodsThe participants’ levels of burnout were assessed using Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS), and the reliability and validity of the questionnaire were evaluated through Cronbach’s α and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Independent sample t-test, chi-square test, and Pearson analysis were employed to determine the correlation between two sets of variables. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify significant factors influencing burnout. Finally, nomograms were used to predict the probability of burnout occurrence.ResultsThis study collected a total of 1,550 questionnaires, and after excluding 45 questionnaires that were duplicates or incomplete, a sample of 1,505 (97.1%) participants were included in the final statistical analysis. Both Cronbach’s α and the fit indices of CFA demonstrated excellent adaptability of the Chinese version of MBI-HSS in this study. The overall prevalence rates for emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and diminished personal accomplishment (PA) were 52.4, 55.3, and 30.6%, respectively. Obtaining psychological support, health condition, relationship with family members, and insufficient sleep were identified as common contributing factors to burnout among medical staff. Additionally, age and promotion pressure were also associated with burnout among doctors, and exceeding legal working hours was an important factor for nurse burnout. The C-index for the nomograms predicting burnout among doctors and nurses was 0.832 and 0.843, respectively. Furthermore, burnout exhibited a significant linear correlation with anxiety and depression.ConclusionAfter the end of COVID-19, medical staff in high workload environments were facing severe burnout, which might lead to anxiety and depression. The occupational burnout of medical staff needed to be taken seriously and actively intervened.

Reliability and validity of the Turkish voice handicap index-partner (VHI-P-TR)

ObjectiveThis study examines the Turkish validity, reliability and diagnostic performance of the Voice Handicap Index-Partner (VHI-P-TR), which is used to obtain the perceptions of communication partners of individuals with dysphonia about the functional, physical and emotional handicap resulting from the patient experiencing dysphonia. MethodThe study included 160 individuals with dysphonia and their communication partners. First, translation, back translation, expert validity and pilot study were performed in the scale adaptation process. Then, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to assess the construct validity of the VHI-P-TR. Correlations between the VHI-P-TR and Voice Handicap Index (VHI-TR) scores of dysphonic individuals were examined to evaluate the concurrent validity of the VHI-P-TR. To assess the reliability of the VHI-P-TR, a test-retest analysis was performed, and internal consistency coefficients (α) were calculated. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to determine the cut-off point for the VHI-P scores. ResultsA high positive correlation was found between the participants’ VHI-P-TR and VHI-TR total and subscales mean scores (r's > 0.782; p < 0.01). The VHI-P-TR had high internal consistency regarding for its subscales and total score (α's > 0.94; p < 0.01). Factor loadings of all VHI-P-TR items were higher than 0.30 and their error variances were lower than 0.90. In addition, factor loadings were statistically significant for all the items (p < 0.05). The data fit the model well according to all CFA indices except for GFI (scale = 0.69). An adequate sensitivity and specificity were achieved for the VHI-P-TR, and the cut-off point was found as 11.50 for the total score and ranged from 2.50 to 5.50 for the subscales. ConclusionThe VHI-P-TR is a valid and reliable measurement tool with high diagnostic performance in all subscales and total score, and has high levels of agreement with the VHI-TR.

A new scale to assess technostress levels in an Italian banking context: the Work-Related Technostress Questionnaire.

Technostress (TS) represents a multidimensional phenomenon closely related to the pervasive use of information and communication technologies. This study aimed to validate a new psychometric tool for assessing TS in an Italian banking context, the Work-Related Technostress - Questionnaire (WRT-Q). Secondly, we analyzed the role of gender and age in modulating TS manifestations. A sample of 2,586 bank employees (51% females; age: 47.26 ± 8.6) underwent an online survey. Reliability, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), ANCOVA, independent sample t-test, and correlation analyses were performed. The WRT-Q consisted of 17 items and a four-factor structure, supported by the following CFA indices: Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.985; Incremental Fit Index (IFI) = 0.985; Goodness of Fit (GFI) = 0.988; Root Mean Squared Error of Approximation (RMSEA) = 0.071; and SRMR = 0.062. A significant difference in TS levels between age classes emerged (p < 0.001) with higher levels in the over 55-year-old subgroup, while no statistically significant difference emerged for gender. Moreover, the whole sample found a significant positive association between age and TS (p < 0.001). The WRT-Q is a new instrument to measure TS in the workplace, it can contribute to highlighting adverse outcomes in individuals due to a dysfunctional interaction with ICT.

The effectiveness of item parceling to increase the model fit: A case study of PAPs

The impact of item parceling to improve model fit indexes in confirmatory factor analysis has been on debate amongst psychometricians. In this study, the effectiveness of item parceling was examined using Tes Potensi Akademik Pascasarjana (PAPS) or Postgraduate Academic Potential Test in Universitas Gadjah Mada. Item parceling approach, second-order approach, and item-based approach of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used for examination. Data were collected from a sample of 1374 postgraduate candidates in 2017. The result found that model fit indices such as the chi-squared test, comparative fit index, Tucker-Lewis index, and standardized root mean square residual were improved in the item parceling approach when compared to item based approach. Interestingly, the root mean square error of approximation were deteriorating in the item parceling approach. The finding of this study suggested that model dimensionality and sample size should be carefully considered when using the item parceling approach.

Turkish Adaptation of Nursing Students Competence Instrument

Objective: The study was conducted to examine the validity and reliability of the Nursing Students Competence Instrument, which was developed in order to evaluate the competences of nursing students, for the Turkish society.&#x0D; Methods: This methodological study was conducted with the participation of 224 third and fourth-year nursing students studying at a state university in Turkey. Identifying Information Form and Nursing Students Competence Instrument were used for data collection. In order to determine the validity of the scale, linguistic content validity analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. In order to identify the reliability of the scale, test-retest and Cronbach’s alpha analysis were used.&#x0D; Results: In line with the validity and reliability analyses of the scale, it was determined that the model was compatible according to fit indices of confirmatory factor analysis (X2/sd= 2.42, RMSEA= 0.08, SRMR= 0.07). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the scale was determined to be 0.96, and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the subscales varied between 0.92 and 0.94.&#x0D; Conclusion: It was determined that the Turkish adaptation of the “Nursing Students Competence Instrument” was a valid and reliable scale for measuring the competence levels of nursing students. It is recommended to administer the scale to larger samples and to plan interorganizational comparative studies in order to identify nursing students’ competences.

Validity and reliability of the Persian version of MISSCARE survey

Background: The MISSCARE survey is a useful instrument measuring the amount and type of missed nursing care and its important reasons, developed by Kalisch and Williams in 2009 and revised in 2019. Objective: The present paper aimed to report the psychometric properties of part A (missed nursing care) and part B (reasons for missed nursing care) of the MISSCARE tool translated into Persian. Materials &amp; Methods: A Persian version of the MISSCARE tool were evaluated by a panel of experts, and the psychometric properties were determined with 326 nurses randomly selected from non-emergency wards of seven educational and medical centers in Rasht, North of Iran. Nurses completed the instruments from January to March 2021. Content validity was evaluated by calculating content validity index (CVI). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to assess construct validity. Internal consistency (reliability) was measured using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Results: CVI was measured 0.82 and 0.79 for parts A and B of the survey. The fit indices of CFA indicated the acceptable fit for the measurement model of part B (missed nursing care reasons). Also, factor loadings of items on three factors of labor, material and communication confirmed the structural validity of part B of the survey. Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for parts A and B were 0.991 and 0.994 in whole, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for three factors of part B ranged from 0.831 to 0.936 confirmed their reliability. Conclusions: The Persian version of the MISSCARE tool is valid and reliable for measuring missed nursing care and its reasons. It can be used by nursing authorities for evaluation purpose in Iranian hospitals.

The psychometric properties of the Persian version of the moral injury symptoms scale-health care professionals version.

BackgroundHealth care professionals face a number of problems during crises, such as the COVID-19. Studies addressed the prevalence of moral injury among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lack of a valid standard of moral injury among health care professionals is one of the factors that has made it difficult to identify and treat this complication. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Moral Injury Symptoms Scale-Health Care Professionals (MISS-HP) among health care professionals in Iran.MethodsThis study was conducted to evaluate the validity and reliability of the MISS-HP. The sample included 455 healthcare professionals working in four teaching hospitals in Kerman, who were in direct contact with patients. In this study, face validity, content validity, construct validity (structural and convergent), and internal reliability of the MISS-HP were evaluated. Demographic information questionnaire, the Moral Injury Symptoms Scale-HealthCare Professionals (MISS-HP), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and Impact of Event Scale (IES) were administered to study participants.ResultsThe MISS-HP was evaluated using translation-back translation technique. The content validity index of the items (I-CVI) and the scale (S-CVI) were 0.9 and 0.99, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis showed a three-factor structure in the MISS-HP that explained 57.49% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indices were acceptable. The cut-off point of the questionnaire was 36.5. There was a positive and moderate correlation between the Persian version of MISS-HP, GHQ (r = 0.34), and IES-R (r = 0.40). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the Persian version of MISS-HP was 0.70.ConclusionThis study found that the MISS-HP is a concise, comprehensive, valid and reliable scale for assessing moral injury among health care professionals in clinical or research settings. This scale will be helpful for managers and researchers to identify and plan health policies and improve the psychological state of health care professionals.

TPACK-21 Ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye Adaptasyonu: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

This study aims to adapt the TPACK-21 (Valtonen et al., 2017) scale to Turkish. Based on the 21st century skills, this scale consists of 6-point Likert type items. Measuring the technological pedagogical content knowledge that teachers should have in order to integrate 21st century skills into their classroom settings will give an idea about whether they have the competencies recommended by the Ministry of National Education (2017). For the adaptation process, necessary steps were followed carefully by the researchers; permission, translation, pilot study, validity and reliability processes. The data were collected from 309 science and mathematics teachers in Turkey. For psychometric analysis of the scale, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), item-total correlations for upper and lower groups according to 27% segment, and Cronbach's alpha reliability analysis were performed. According to the results, the adapted version of the scale was found as 6-factors and 37 items. Since the fit indices of CFA were found as acceptable values and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was found as .97, the scale is valid and reliable. In addition, descriptive analysis was conducted according to demographic information.

Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Children's Depression Inventory in Iranian Adolescents.

Objectives: Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) is a self-report tool for measuring depression in children and adolescents. In this study, the psychometric properties of the Persian version of CDI were investigated in an Iranian adolescent population. Methods: This study was conducted on a sample of 480 adolescent boys and girls in the age range of 12-18 years. The results showed that 23.6% of the study population were 11-13 years old, 62.1% were 14-16 years old, and 14.3% were 17-18 years old. Also, 48.5% of the sample were girls, and 51.5% were boys. To investigate the convergent and divergent validity, Beck's Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) and Teenage Inventory of Social Skills were used, respectively. Results: The reliability coefficient of CDI, based on Cronbach's alpha, indicated the relatively high internal consistency of the items (0.907). The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed that CDI has a saturated factor, explaining 50.11% of the variance in the data. Also, goodness-of-fit indices of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model is well suited for explaining depression. The present results also showed a negative correlation between children's depression and the social skills subscale and a positive correlation between children's depression and BDI-II score. Conclusions: The construct validity of the questionnaire was confirmed. It can be concluded that the Persian version of CDI has adequate reliability and validity. Therefore, it can be used as a useful tool for early screening of depression in adolescents due to its easy use and specific design for children and adolescents.

Determining the validation of emotional leadership questionnaire (case study: university managers)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and confirm the components of the Chris Triand Petri No Kleinen Emotional Leadership Questionnaire. The method of this research was descriptive-survey and its statistical population was all university administrators in Mazandaran province. The sample size was 214 people who were selected by random sampling method based on Morgan table. To evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire, a model was provided to 30 management specialists. The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the fit of the model and the structure of the internal relations of the items. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the questionnaire was 88%. The results of confirmatory factor analysis indices showed that model 5 is a suitable factor. Fitness can be used as a valid tool in emotional leadership studies. The questionnaire also has good validity and reliability.

Development and Preliminary Validation of the Physical Education-Study Process Questionnaire : Insights for Physical Education University Students.

BackgroundThe Revised Two Factor Study Process Questionnaire (R-SPQ-2F) is used to examine students' study approaches in higher education. The questionnaire is designed to measure two factors: deep and surface approaches. In order to measure these approaches for students in physical education and sport, a new measurement instrument should take into consideration the practical context of this field of education that makes it specific to other fields.ObjectiveThe present study aims (a) to develop and empirical test of a new instrument for measuring the study process in physical education and sports students, and (b) to test psychometric properties of the tool.MethodsTwo exploratory and confirmatory samples of physical education students enrolled in a bachelor's degree program in physical education at the High Institute of Physical Education and Sports of Kef-Tunisia, aged 19–26 years, were recruited online among female students (n = 414) and male students (n = 393). The participants filled in Google Form survey including Physical Education-Study Process Questionnaire (PE-SPQ) and the Arabic version of the Revised Study Process Questionnaire-2 Factors (R-SPQ-2F).ResultsExploratory factor analysis showed a suitable four factors solution, which is approved by confirmatory factor analysis indices [χ2 = 466.47, TLI = 0.94, CFI = 0.95; RMSEA = 0.56 IC 90% (0.050–0.062)]. Internal consistency of the PE-SPQ simultaneously checked by McDonald's ω, Cronbach's α and Gutmann's λ6 showed good reliability of the PE-SPQ. Convergent validity examined by Average variance extracted (AVE) was good. The comparison between the AVE root mean square and Pearson correlation coefficients of each factor with his indicators reveals the discriminant validity of the PE-SPQ. Furthermore, Pearson's correlation between the PE-SPQ factors and the R-SPQ-2F establishes the concurrent validity of the new scale.ConclusionThe PE-SPQ scale is valid and reliable and can be used to assess study process factors in physical education students.

Assessment of the Psychometric Properties of the Holland Sleep Disorders Questionnaire in the Iranian Population.

Background Assessing sleep disorders and understanding their causes are essential for the proper treatment and management of the disorders. The Holland Sleep Disorders Questionnaire (HSDQ) is a self-assessment questionnaire that measures sleep problems and symptoms based on the six categories of sleep disorders described in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-2 (ICSD-2). The aim of this study was at validating and assessing the psychometric properties of the HSDQ in Iranian adults. Method The study was carried out as a methodological and validation work. The guidelines for translation and cultural adaptation of patient-reported outcome measures were followed for the translation and the cultural validation of the tool. To examine construct validity, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with 216 participants and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) with 355 participants were used. As to the reliability, the test-retest method and, as to internal consistency, Cronbach's alpha were employed. Data analyses were done in SPSS-25 and LISREL-8. Results The CFA and EFA results confirmed the tool with six factors and 31 items. The R2 index of the model was 0.99, which indicated that 99% of changes in the dependent variable (adults' sleep problem) were attributed to the independent variable (the 31 items). In other words, 0.99 of the changes in the dependent variable were due to the independent variables. The main indices of CFA (χ2/DF = 2.65, CFI = 0.91NNFI/TLI = 0.92GFI = 0.81, REMSEA = 0.043, R2 = 0.99) were acceptable. In addition, a correlation coefficient below 0.05 was considered as significant. Reliability of the tool based on internal correlation (Cronbach's alpha) was in the 0.701–0.924 range for the subscales and equal to 0.789 for the whole tool. Conclusion In general, the results showed that the Farsi version of HSDQ (six factors and 31 items) had acceptable and applicable indices and it can be used as a valid tool in the Iranian society. The tool can be used as a reliable tool in different fields of medical sciences.

Development and initial validation of the Chinese Version of the Noise Exposure Questionnaire (C-NEQ)

BackgroundWith a high prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), the noise survey tools for identifying individuals with high risk of NIHL are still limited. This study was aimed to translate and develop a Chinese version of noise exposure questionnaire (C-NEQ), and validate its reliability and reproducibility.MethodsThis study was conducted from May 2020 to March 2021 in China. The questionnaire was translated from the original NEQ and adapted into Chinese culture using the method according to the International Test Committee. Content validity was evaluated by our expert group. Construct validity and reliability of the C-NEQ was determined through estimating the confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha in a cross-sectional analysis among 641 Chinese speaking adults, respectively. The retest reproducibility of the C-NEQ was analyzed by using the intra-group correlation coefficient (ICC) in a follow-up analysis among 151 participants.ResultsThe C-NEQ comprises ten items covering four domains: occupational, housework, transport and recreational noise exposure. The annual noise exposure (ANE) was calculated as the protocol of original NEQ. A total of 641 adult participants (aged 26.9 ± 10.1 years, 53.4% males) completed the C-NEQ. The average time for completing the C-NEQ was 4.4 ± 3.0 min. Content validity indicated high relevance of the C-NEQ. The confirmatory factor analysis indices illustrated that the items of the C-NEQ were suitable with the data in the study. For the internal reliability, the Cronbach’s α coefficients of the total items and four domains (occupational, housework, transport, and recreational noise exposure) were 0.799, 0.959, 0.837, 0.825, and 0.803, respectively. Among them, 151 participants (aged 36.1 ± 11.1 years, 65.6% males) completed the retest of the C-NEQ 1 month after the first test. The ICC value of total ANEs between the first test and the second test was 0.911 (P < 0.001).ConclusionsIn this study, we have validated the C-NEQ with adequate reliability and reproducibility for quantifying an individual’s annual daily noise exposure, which provides an effective fast-screen tool for researches and clinics to identify those individuals with high risks of NIHL within the short time duration (no more than five minutes) among Chinese population.

Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Personal Meaning Profile in Iran

The Personal Meaning Profile (PMP) is a widely used instrument to measure people's perceptions of personal meaning in their lives. Thisstudy aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the PMP. First, the researchers developed the Persian version of this scale using the forward-backward procedure. Then, they examined the face and content validities by both qualitative and quantitative approaches. To evaluate the construct validity, researchers administered the instrument to a sample of 482 medical sciences students and performed exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The reliability was assessed using loading factors, Cronbach's alpha coefficients, and composite reliability. An average scale-level of content validity index of the PMP with 57 items was 0.80. The findings revealed that the Persian version of the PMP comprises five factors explaining 50.57% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis indices showed a moderate fit for the data. Reliability of the Iranian version of PMP was demonstrated with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.893. Consistency was established with test-retest reliability with an interval of 2weeks (Intracluster Correlation Coefficient = 0.983, p < 0.001). Moreover, the criterion validity demonstrated a significant inverse relationship between the PMP and General Health Questionnaire (r = - 0.34, p < 0.001). This study indicated that the Persian version of the PMP is an acceptable, reliable, and valid measurement to evaluate the meaning in life in Iranian medical sciences students.

Designing the Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (ROCI) Based on Iranian Culture and Evaluation of Its Psychometric Properties.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the factor structure, validity, and reliability of the revised Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (ROCI), with emphasis on Iranian culture. Method : The statistical sample consisted of 341 married students studying in Tehran universities in the academic year 2018-2019, who were selected by available sampling method. The New ROCI, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R), Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire (OBQ), Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), and Relationship beliefs inventory (RBI) were the tools of the present study. Resul t s: The Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) of the new ROCI were good. Also, there was a significant and negative correlation between all subscales and the total score of the new ROCI with all subscales and the total score of the DAS, and there was also a significant positive correlation between the subscales and the total score of the new ROCI with the subscales and the total score of OBQ, OCI-R, RBI, and DASS. Also, the two factor model explained 54.50% of the variance in the new ROCI. Furthermore, all of the confirmatory factor analysis indices of the new ROCI were better than the original ROCI. The results of test-retest correlation of the factor one and two of ROCI were 0.85 and 0.78, respectively. Also, the Cronbach's alpha of the factor one and two of ROCI were 0.60 and 0.74, respectively. Conclusion: In general, it can be said that the new ROCI was different from the original ROCI, and the new ROCI had better indicators than the original ROCI.

Developing and Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of Post-traumatic Growth Inventory in Patients With Cancer

Background: Traumatic events could be accompanied by positive personal and psychological changes. However, no scale is available to measure these aspects in patients with cancer. Accordingly, this study aimed at designing and evaluating the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory (P-TGI) in patients with cancer. Methods: According to the quantitative findings of our previous study, 9 items were added to the 21 items of P-TGI. After calculating the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR) coefficients, P-PTGI was finalized with 24 items. A total of 272 eligible patients with cancer who were referred to Shahid Ghazi Hospital in East Azerbaijan Province, Iran for follow-up treatment completed the P-PTGI. The instrument was assessed to determine its construct validity using various indices of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and standardized lambda (λ) coefficient, followed by further assessment of the discriminant and convergent validities using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). LISREL and SPSS were used for data analysis. Results: According to the results of goodness-of-fit indicators, the 5-dimensional, 24-item P-PTGI model was acceptable. Considering that the values of average variance extracted (AVE=0.53-0.75) were greater than the square of correlation coefficients between the 5 dimensions of P-PTGI, discriminant validity was approved. The convergent validity of the tool was confirmed according to the high lambda standard coefficients (0.50-0.93) between items and their related factors. Additionally, alpha coefficients for 5 dimensions of P-PTGI ranged from 0.84 to 0.93 which confirmed the consistency of the tool. Conclusion: This study revealed that P-PTGI, with 24 items and 5 dimensions, is a valid and reliable tool for assessing PTG in Iranian patients with cancer.