Quality Of Service Configuration Research Articles

Performance Improvement of Multi-Robot Data Transmission in Aggregated Robot Processing Architecture with Caches and QoS Balancing Optimization

Robot Operating System 2 (ROS 2) is a robotic software that uses a set of Quality of Service (QoS) policies to manage the quality of robot data transmissions in a network, such as the RELIABLE and KEEP_LAST options. In ROS 2 node communication, the RELIABLE connection guarantees that all message data can be properly sent from the publisher to the subscriber. However, strict reliability is not guaranteed if the RELIABLE connection uses the KEEP_LAST option to transmit the robot data in the publish–subscribe communication. This study aims to analyze the efficiency of local cache, cache control, and QoS balancing optimization to improve ROS 2 node communication when using the RELIABLE and KEEP_LAST options to transmit multi-robot data in Aggregated Robot Processing (ARP) architecture. Our idea in local cache and cache control is to streamline the sensor data output before processing it when the sensor device produces the data with the same value in a row. Furthermore, QoS balancing optimization aims to balance the DEPTH and DEADLINE QoS configuration to determine the rates and buffer size in ROS 2 node communication. This study shows that combining local cache and QoS balancing optimization improves multi-robot data transmission and cooperation in ARP architecture.

NetDDS: A Real-time Interactive Platform Based on the Publish-subscribe Mechanism

Background: With the continuous development of big data, artificial intelligence, the Internet of things, and blockchain technology, distributed interactive systems have gradually become the mainstream of computing technologies and applications with the help of real-time interaction platforms. The real-time interaction platforms provide a data communication bridge for distributed applications, not only meeting the timeliness and correctness of data interaction but also providing a unified interface for application development. It realizes the plug and play of different functional modules in the distributed system and improves development efficiency for system developers. Objective: According to the characteristics of the large scale, wide range, and complex running environment of distributed interaction systems, this paper analyzes the function and performance requirements of the distributed interactive platform and designs and implements a real-time interactive platform named NetDDS based on a publish-subscribe mechanism. Methods: Concerning the idea of a layered design, the real-time interactive platform is constructed from three aspects: distribution service layer, QoS guarantee layer, and data transmission layer. The platform provides a data synchronization function based on publish/ subscribe mechanism, a configurable QoS guarantee mechanism, and a multi-protocol data transmission mechanism based on Ethernet, ensuring the real-time correctness and reliability of data transmission. Results: Experimental results show that the interactive platform exhibits less delay in message update. Conclusion: This paper proposes a hierarchical architecture, designs and implements a real-time interaction platform based on publish/subscribe mechanism, and provides a topic- based publish/subscribe model to the application layer. The publisher and subscriber directly publish and subscribe with data as the center to meet the real-time requirements of distributed real-time applications.

A distributed communication framework for smart Grid control applications based on data distribution service

The successful implementation of multi-agent control strategies (MAS) within smart grid applications is heavily reliant on communication frameworks that enable robust inter-agent messaging. In this regard, a promising communication framework is Data Distribution Service (DDS), which is fully distributed, enables low-latency messaging, and provides configurable Quality of Service (QoS) profiles that customize messaging parameters. As such, this paper proposes a DDS-based, fully distributed communication framework (DCF) for smart grid applications. The proposed DCF is configured with QoS profiles that discard outdated messages when agents experience intermittent connection issues, thereby preventing the misaligned execution of distributed control strategies. The performance of the proposed DCF is validated by developing a Software-In-The-Loop platform, where agents utilize the DCF to execute the Asynchronous Weak Commitment (AWC) control strategy within the application of distributed voltage regulation. Experimental results show that the proposed DCF delivers messages at latencies between 4-36 milliseconds, which is sufficient for smart grid applications. The proposed DCF also enhances the efficacy of the AWC strategy when performing voltage regulation by discarding outdated messages and preventing unnecessary control actions in resolving voltage violations. The proposed DCF is validated at a real-world Canadian microgrid, where overvoltage violations are resolved in a timely manner.

A New Architecture for Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention

This paper presents an investigation, involving experiments, which shows that current network intrusion, detection, and prevention systems (NIDPSs) have several shortcomings in detecting or preventing rising unwanted traffic and have several threats in high-speed environments. It shows that the NIDPS performance can be weak in the face of high-speed and high-load malicious traffic in terms of packet drops, outstanding packets without analysis, and failing to detect/prevent unwanted traffic. A novel quality of service (QoS) architecture has been designed to increase the intrusion detection and prevention performance. Our research has proposed and evaluated a solution using a novel QoS configuration in a multi-layer switch to organize packets/traffic and parallel techniques to increase the packet processing speed. The new architecture was tested under different traffic speeds, types, and tasks. The experimental results show that the architecture improves the network and security performance which is can cover up to 8 Gb/s with 0 packets dropped. This paper also shows that this number (8Gb/s) can be improved, but it depends on the system capacity which is always limited.

Active Learning for Crowdsourced QoE Modeling

Quality of experience (QoE) models predict the subjective quality of multimedia based on the relevant quality of service (QoS) factors. Due to the large space of QoS factors and the high costs of conducting subjective tests, efficient sampling strategies are required to determine which QoS configurations are to be queried, that is, evaluated by subjects. In this study, we extend the IQX model proposed by [M. Fiedler, T. Hosfeld, and P. Tran-Gia, “A generic quantitative relationship between quality of experience and quality of service,” IEEE Netw. , vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 36–41, Mar./Apr.2010.] toward a multidimensional QoS–QoE model (MIQX). To explore the complicated interaction between QoS factors more efficiently, we develop active learning algorithms for the multidimensional QoE model. Then, we conduct comprehensive experiments to compare the effectiveness of applying different sampling methods to crowdsourced video quality assessment tasks. In offline experiments that assume annotators give the same scores after changing the querying order, we demonstrate that active learning performs best and that a space-filling algorithm performs significantly better than random sampling. However, when we analyze the performance of the active sampling approaches more deeply using a novel field experiment, we observe that the active learning algorithms, which have been shown to be effective in the offline setting, can fail due to the habituation effect and individual differences of annotators. The active learning methods can also succeed when these issues are mitigated. These findings suggest that simply simulating the sample acquisition order, which is widely adopted in previous active learning literature [2] – [5] , is not sufficient for multimedia quality assessment tasks.

The hardware and software co-design of a configurable QoS for video streaming based on OpenFlow protocol and NetFPGA platform

In order to guarantee the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of multimedia network, based on the concept of Software Defined Networking (SDN) and OpenFlow protocol, this paper presents the hardware and software co-design of a configurable QoS scheme for video streaming. Specifically, we present the architecture of an OpenFlow switch where the allocated network bandwidth for each multimedia traffic can be dynamically configured by the SDN controller. The detailed structures of software and hardware components are illustrated in this paper. For proof of concept, we realize the proposed switch based on a System on Chip (SoC) platform. We first implement a basic OpenFlow switch based on the state-of-the-art NetFPGA-CML platform. This design occupies 40% of total resources, and is promising for further researches and developments of multimedia networks. We realize the proposed OpenFlow switch with configurable QoS on this platform and carry practical experiments and measurements. The experimental results show that the proposed configurable QoS scheme enhances the QoS and received PSNR of the video streaming.

A QoS-configurable failure detection service for internet applications

Unreliable failure detectors are a basic building block of reliable distributed systems. Failure detectors are used to monitor processes of any application and provide process state information. This work presents an Internet Failure Detector Service (IFDS) for processes running in the Internet on multiple autonomous systems. The failure detection service is adaptive, and can be easily integrated into applications that require configurable QoS guarantees. The service is based on monitors which are capable of providing global process state information through a SNMP MIB. Monitors at different networks communicate across the Internet using Web Services. The system was implemented and evaluated for monitored processes running both on single LAN and on PlanetLab. Experimental results are presented, showing the performance of the detector, in particular the advantages of using the self-tuning strategies to address the requirements of multiple concurrent applications running on a dynamic environment.

Prediction Model of Triple play services for QoS Assessment in IP Based Networks

This paper brings a QoS (Quality of Service) assessment model which can estimate voice and video quality. Based on the proposed model, speech or video quality is computed with regard to congestion management QoS configuration in the network and its level of total utilization. The contribution of this paper lies in designing a new mathematical model capable of predicting the quality of multimedia services respecting network behavior and performance.

Improving network intrusion detection system performance through quality of service configuration and parallel technology

This paper outlines an innovative software development that utilises Quality of Service (QoS) and parallel technologies in Cisco Catalyst Switches to increase the analytical performance of a Network Intrusion Detection and Protection System (NIDPS) when deployed in high-speed networks. We have designed a real network to present experiments that use a Snort NIDPS. Our experiments demonstrate the weaknesses of NIDPSs, such as inability to process multiple packets and propensity to drop packets in heavy traffic and high-speed networks without analysing them. We tested Snort's analysis performance, gauging the number of packets sent, analysed, dropped, filtered, injected, and outstanding. We suggest using QoS configuration technologies in a Cisco Catalyst 3560 Series Switch and parallel Snorts to improve NIDPS performance and to reduce the number of dropped packets. Our results show that our novel configuration improves performance.

Model-driven generative framework for automated OMG DDS performance testing in the cloud

The Object Management Group's (OMG) Data Distribution Service (DDS) provides many configurable policies which determine end-to-end quality of service (QoS) of applications. It is challenging to predict the system's performance in terms of latencies, throughput, and resource usage because diverse combinations of QoS configurations influence QoS of applications in different ways. To overcome this problem, design-time formal methods have been applied with mixed success, but lack of sufficient accuracy in prediction, tool support, and understanding of formalism has prevented wider adoption of the formal techniques. A promising approach to address this challenge is to emulate system behavior and gather data on the QoS parameters of interest by experimentation. To realize this approach, which is preferred over formal methods due to their limitations in accurately predicting QoS, we have developed a model-based automatic performance testing framework with generative capabilities to reduce manual efforts in generating a large number of relevant QoS configurations that can be deployed and tested on a cloud platform. This paper describes our initial efforts in developing and using this technology.

Towards greener data centers with storage class memory

Studies have shown that much of today’s data centers are over-provisioned and underutilized. Over-provisioning cannot be avoided as these centers must anticipate peak load with bursty behavior. Under-utilization, to date, has also been unavoidable as systems always had to be ready for that sudden burst of requests that loom just around the corner. Previous research has pointed to turning off systems as one solution, albeit, an infeasible one due to its irresponsiveness. In this paper, we present the feasibility of using new Storage Class Memory (SCM, which encompasses specific developments such as PCM, MRAM, or FeRAM) technology to turn systems on and off with minimum overhead. This feature is used to control systems on the whole (in comparison to the previous fine-grained component-wise control) in finer time scale for high responsiveness with minimized power lost to idleness. Our empirical study is done by executing real trace-like workloads on a prototype data center of embedded systems deploying FeRAM. We quantify the energy savings and performance trade-off by turning idle systems off. We show that our energy savings approach consumes energy in proportion to user requests with configurable quality of service. Finally, based on observations made on this data center, we discuss the requirements for real deployment.

Performance Evaluation of Real Time Traffic over MPLS Networks under Different QoS Conditions

One of the most crucial problems in the Internet has been the quality of service (QoS) provisioning. Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) technology guarantees real time and multimedia applications QoS using different resource allocation techniques. Also MPLS contributes high scalability in data network. This paper aims to evaluate MPLS performance based on multimedia service average throughput, total number of packets received, end to end delay, jitter, and packet loss ratio using OPNET simulator. It also compares MPLS network performance to that provided by IP networks. This study shows the scalability of MPLS by simulating small and large networks under different loading conditions. The simulation alsoshows the performance of different MPLS QoS configurations.

The open network laboratory

The Open Network Laboratory (ONL) is a remotely accessible network testbed of high performance routers which has been designed with an eye towards ease of use for users from the naïve to the expert. The system is built around a set of high-performance routers that are extendible and easily configurable through the Remote Laboratory Interface (RLI), an intuitive graphical interface. The RLI also makes it easy to configure packet filters in the routers, assign flows or flow aggregates to separate queues with configurable QoS and attach hardware monitoring points to real-time charts. The RLI's real-time charts and user data facility make it easy to directly view the effects of traffic as it moves through a router, allowing the user to gain better insight into system behavior and create compelling demonstrations. Each port of the router is equipped with an embedded processor that supports software plugins which allow users to extend the system's functionality. This paper describes the ONL and how it can be used in networking education. Our web site onl.arl.wustl.edu includes a short video and a tutorial.

The open network laboratory

The Open Network Laboratory (ONL) is a remotely accessible network testbed designed to enable networking faculty, students and researchers to conduct experiments using high performance routers and applications. The system is built around a set of extensible, high-performance routers and has a graphical interface that enables users to easily configure and run experiments remotely. ONL's Remote Laboratory Interface (RLI) allows users to easily configure a network topology, configure routes and packet filters in the routers, assign flows or flow aggregates to separate queues with configurable QoS and attach hardware monitoring points to real-time charts. The remote visualization features of the RLI make it easy to directly view the effects of traffic as it moves through a router, allowing the user to gain better insight into system behavior and create compelling demonstrations. Each port of the router is equipped with an embedded processor that provides a simple environment for software plugins allowing users to extend the system's functionality. This paper describes the general facilties and some networking experiments that can be carried out. We hope that you and your collegues and students will check out the facility and register for an account at our web site <u>onl.arl.wustl.edu</u>

A survey of internet QoS signaling

The need for real-time services support over the Internet drives research efforts toward the provisioning of quality of service (QoS) guarantees in IP networks. Among the various aspects of QoS provisioning, QoS state establishment and maintenance in intermediate routers is a major factor, responsible for dynamic resource allocation. The dynamic manipulation of QoS state is possible through the utilization of appropriate QoS signaling that triggers the respective resource allocation in QoS-capable network elements. At first, protocol design assumed a homogeneous underlying network and resulted in end-to-end QoS protocols that applied a specific QoS configuration in all routers along the path. However, the need for accommodating network heterogeneity and flexibility led to a two-tier resource management model that utilizes separate signaling for intra- and inter-domain reservations and requires different signaling processing in domain interior and border routers. This article gives an overview of the QoS signaling protocols designed for the Internet and describes their characteristics. Moreover, the identified protocols are classified depending on their applicability for intra- or inter-domain usage. A comparison of the various protocols based on some common signaling elements is also provided, and future trends in the Internet QoS signaling area are identified.

Towards efficient resource on-demand in Grid Computing

The essence of Grid Computing is to provide efficient Resource on Demand (RoD). This paper addresses this challenge from the perspective of network, the living platform of Grid, by providing effective Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms (both IntServ and DiffServ) inside the Grid networking environment. Specifically, the efficiency of this QoS mechanism is maximized by policy-based management taking care of the flexible control of QoS parameters/components and active networks technology looking after the fast delivery of various QoS configurations. The first experiment exemplified the current implementation status.

QoS customization in distributed object systems

AbstractApplications built on networked collections of computers are increasingly using distributed object platforms such as CORBA,Java Remote Method Invocation (RMI), and DCOM to standardize object interactions. With this increased use comes the increased need for enhanced quality of service (QoS) attributes related to fault tolerance, security, and timeliness. This paper describes an architecture called CQoS (configurable QoS) for implementing such enhancements in a transparent, highly customizable, and portable manner. CQoS consists of two parts: application‐ and platform‐dependent interceptors and generic QoS components. The generic QoS components are implemented using Cactus, a system for building highly configurable protocols and services in distributed systems. The CQoS architecture and the interfaces between the different components are described, together with implementations of QoS attributes using Cactus and interceptors for CORBA and Java RMI. Experimental results are given for a test application executing on a Linux cluster using Cactus/J, the Java implementation of Cactus. Compared with other approaches, CQoS emphasizes portability across different distributed object platforms, while the use of Cactus allows custom combinations of fault‐tolerance, security, and timeliness attributes to be realized on a per‐object basis in a straightforward way. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.