Confidence In Healthcare Providers Research Articles

Exploring young adults’ fears related to healthcare and dental procedures

ABSTRACT Background and Purpose: Fear and anxiety related to dental and healthcare procedures are common among young adults and can negatively impact dental and healthcare consumership, resulting in poor health outcomes. Purpose: This cross-sectional study aimed to examine young adults’ experiences of fear related to dental and healthcare procedures and the potential relationships between the two forms of fear experiences and demographic factors. Methods: Young adults (252) were recruited from a large public university and completed a survey about their dental and healthcare fear/anxiety as well as their confidence in healthcare professionals. Descriptive and correlational analyses were completed to describe the experiences of young adults and the relationships between variables. Results: Ten types of fear/anxiety were identified related to healthcare procedures, with the most common being needles and pain. Nine fears/anxieties were identified for dental visits, of which pain and sensory experiences other than pain were most common. Female participants were significantly more likely to report fear/anxiety related to dental procedures, and there was a statistically significant relationship between fear/anxiety related to healthcare procedures and that related to dental procedures. There was also a significant negative relationship found between confidence in healthcare providers and fear/anxiety related to healthcare procedures. Conclusions: Young adults experience fear/anxiety related to healthcare and dentist visits, and this fear/anxiety can impact their confidence in healthcare providers, such as primary physicians. The findings of the current study suggest primary care providers should be aware of potential fears/anxieties and offer patients appropriate supports.

1140. Impact of an Implementation Science Initiative to Improve Vaccine Confidence for Invasive Meningococcal Disease (IMD) Prevention within American Indian (AI) Communities

Abstract Background Meningococcal vaccine uptake among adolescents remains suboptimal. This project aimed to identify barriers and motivators for vaccination in AI communities. Methods Between 12/2022 and 2/2023, 3 live family education sessions were held within AI communities in WI and ND. Healthcare provider (HCP) participants also attended a workshop to review current vaccine recommendations. Surveys were administered before/after the workshop and family education sessions. Results Surveys were completed by 56 family members. Baseline confidence in vaccine safety, efficacy and benefit was low, which increased after the sessions (Fig. 1). Parent understanding that the vaccine cannot cause disease improved from 51% to 82% (p =.001). Top reported barriers to vaccination were concern for immediate side effects and long-term side effects, and low perceived risk for IMD (34%, 26%, 25%, respectively). Parents identified learning more about IMD (40%), friends/family getting vaccinated (19%), and a local outbreak (12%) as top motivators to seek vaccination. When asked what they thought would motivate families to seek vaccination, HCPs leading the sessions (n=11) identified learning more about IMD (82%) and friends/family getting vaccinated (27%) only. HCP confidence in counseling families was low and improved after the sessions (Fig. 2). HCPs attending the workshop (n=28) reported discomfort contradicting patients/families as the top challenge in addressing vaccine hesitancy, and more HCPs felt confident having conversations to reduce vaccine hesitancy after the workshop (80%) than before (28%). HCP knowledge improved after the workshop, and more HCPs understood that MenACWY booster doses are not needed when initial vaccination occurs at age ≥16 (50%), and correctly identified “provider recommendation” as the top literature-reported factor influencing parental vaccine decisions (50%) compared to baseline (32% and 14%, respectively). HCP action plans for after the sessions prioritized routinely discussing vaccines at well visits (80%), providing written materials (50%) and staying current on new vaccines (50%). Conclusion Parent and provider knowledge and confidence improved after the program and offered insights into community-level motivators and barriers to vaccination. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

"It's complicated…": Exploring second stage caesarean sections and reasons for non-performance of assisted vaginal births in Kenya: A mixed methods study.

Unnecessary Caesarean Section (CS) can have adverse effects on women and their newborns. Assisted vaginal birth/delivery (AVB/AVD) using a suction device or obstetric forceps is a potential alternative when delays or complications occur in the second stage of labour. Unlike CS, AVB using a suction device does not require regional or general anaesthesia, can often be performed by midwives, and does not scar the uterus, lowering the risk of maternal mortality and morbidity, in this and subsequent pregnancies. This study examined the appropriateness and outcomes of second stage CS (SSCS), and reasons for low levels of AVB use, in Kenya. Using a mixed methods study design, we reviewed case notes from women having SSCS births and AVB, and conducted key informant interviews with healthcare providers, from 8 purposively selected hospitals in Kenya. Randomly selected SSCS and all AVB case notes were reviewed by a panel of four experienced obstetricians, and appropriateness of the procedure assessed. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with obstetricians, medical officers and midwives, and analysed using a thematic approach. Review of 67 SSCS case notes showed 10% might have been conducted as AVBs, with a further 58% unable to be classified due to inadequate/inconsistent record keeping or excessive delay following initial CS decision. Outcomes following SSCS showed perinatal mortality rate of 89.6/1,000 births, with 11% of infants and 9% of mothers experiencing complications. Non-referred cases of AVB showed good outcomes. The findings of the 20 interviews explored the experience and confidence of healthcare providers in performing AVBs, and adequacy of the training they received. Key reasons for non-performance included lack of functioning equipment, lack of trained staff or their rotation to other departments. Reasons for non-performance of AVB were complex and often multiple. Any solutions to these problems will need to address various local, regional and national issues.

Enhancing Pediatric Mental Health Care in an Outpatient Primary Care Setting Using the Keep Your Children/Yourself Safe and Secure (KySS) Program: A Multidisciplinary Quality Improvement Project

This project aimed to enhance access to pediatric mental primary health care. The Keep Your Children/Yourself Safe and Secure (KySS) training was offered to a multidisciplinary team at a Federally Qualified Health Clinic in the Midwest United States. Confidence was measured using the Healthcare Provider Confidence Scale (HPCS). Frequencies of visits and mental health referrals were compared preintervention/postintervention. HPCS scores were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum and Cohen's d. Referrals in 2022 were greater than in 2020 but less than in 2021 (p=.25). The total number of visits declined from 431 in 2021 to 385 in 2022. HPCS (n=9) scores trended higher following the KySS Program in prescribing and general positive beliefs. Referrals to mental health providers increased, although not significantly. The number of mental health visits varied between 2020-2022. Provider confidence was not significantly affected, whereas beliefs in prescribing did increase significantly. More work is necessary to understand the impact of delivery to a multidisciplinary team.

Healthcare Provider Confidence and Perceived Barriers to Diagnosing Illness Associated with Harmful Algal Blooms

Healthcare Provider Confidence and Perceived Barriers to Diagnosing Illness Associated with Harmful Algal Blooms

Quality management of the newborn screening network: the Chinese experience.

Quality management of the newborn screening network: the Chinese experience.

Quality of Life and Real-time Patient Experience During Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Prospective Cohort Study.

To use a customized smartphone application to prospectively measure QOL and the real-time patient experience during neoadjuvant therapy (NT). NT is increasingly used for patients with localized gastrointestinal (GI) cancers. There is little data assessing patient experience and quality of life (QOL) during NT for GI cancers. Patients with GI cancers receiving NT were instructed on using a customized smartphone application through which the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G) questionnaire, a validated measure of health-related QOL, was administered at baseline, every 30 days, and at the completion of NT. Participants also tracked their moods and symptoms and used free-text journaling functionalities in the application. Mean overall and subsection health-related QOL scores were calculated during NT. Among 104 enrolled patients, the mean age was 60.5 ± 11.5 years and 55% were males. Common cancer diagnoses were colorectal (40%), pancreatic (37%), and esophageal (15%). Mean overall FACT-G scores did not change during NT ( P = 0.987). While functional well-being scores were consistently the lowest and social well-being scores the highest, FACT subscores similarly did not change during NT (all P > 0.01). The most common symptoms reported during NT were fatigue, insomnia, and anxiety (39.3%, 34.5%, and 28.3% of patient entries, respectively). Qualitative analysis of free-text journaling entries identified anxiety, fear, and frustration as the most common themes, but also the importance of social support systems and confidence in health care providers. While patient symptom burden remains high, results of this prospective cohort study suggest QOL is maintained during NT for localized GI cancers.

A Novel Provider Education Module to Enhance Detection of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency.

Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is the most common genetic risk factor for early-onset emphysema. However, AATD continues to be underrecognized and underdiagnosed. Provider awareness about AATD, concerns with testing costs, and limited understanding about therapeutic options contribute to its underdiagnosis. We hypothesized that provider education would improve awareness of AATD and improve screening. To evaluate the impact of a targeted provider education module on AATD screening. We developed a web-based education module to address barriers to screening for AATD, deployed the education module using the Medscape Education platform, assessed perceived healthcare provider confidence in AATD screening, and conducted a prospective pre and postintervention study of AATD testing practices at a high-volume academic outpatient subspecialty pulmonary clinic. A total of 11,385 healthcare providers, including eight pulmonologists at our institution, completed the web-based education module. Confidence in identifying patients at high risk for AATD improved after completing the module ("not confident" in AATD screening was 7.7% postintervention compared with 19.4% preintervention). The rate of screening patients at high risk for AATD improved more than twofold (AATD screening rate 9.7% preintervention vs. 20.4% postintervention; P = 0.004). Among patients screened for AATD in our cohort, 27.2% had a genotype/phenotype or low alpha-1 antitrypsin concentration consistent with AATD. Targeted healthcare provider education can improve the confidence in testing for AATD. Improvements in provider confidence corresponded to improvements in AATD screening in a subspecialty pulmonary clinic. More than one-fourth of screening tests suggested AATD, underpinning the value of testing in high-risk individuals.

Accelerating digital health literacy for the treatment of growth disorders: The impact of a massive open online course.

Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a rare disorder characterized by inadequate secretion of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary gland. One of the challenges in optimizing GH therapy is improving adherence. Using digital interventions may overcome barriers to optimum treatment delivery. Massive open online courses (MOOCs), first introduced in 2008, are courses made available over the internet without charge to a large number of people. Here, we describe a MOOC aiming to improve digital health literacy among healthcare professionals managing patients with GHD. Based on pre- and post-course assessments, we evaluate the improvement in participants' knowledge upon completion of the MOOC. The MOOC entitled 'Telemedicine: Tools to Support Growth Disorders in a Post-COVID Era' was launched in 2021. It was designed to cover 4 weeks of online learning with an expected commitment of 2 h per week, and with two courses running per year. Learners' knowledge was assessed using pre- and post-course surveys via the FutureLearn platform. Out of 219 learners enrolled in the MOOC, 31 completed both the pre- and post-course assessments. Of the evaluated learners, 74% showed improved scores in the post-course assessment, resulting in a mean score increase of 21.3%. No learner achieved 100% in the pre-course assessment, compared with 12 learners (40%) who achieved 100% in the post-course assessment. The highest score increase comparing the pre- and the post-course assessments was 40%, observed in 16% of learners. There was a statistically significant improvement in post-course assessment scores from 58.1 ± 18.9% to 72.6 ± 22.4% reflecting an improvement of 14.5% (p < 0.0005) compared to the pre-course assessment. This "first-of-its-kind" MOOC can improve digital health literacy in the management of growth disorders. This is a crucial step toward improving the digital capability and confidence of healthcare providers and users, and to prepare them for the technological innovations in the field of growth disorders and growth hormone therapy, with the aim of improving patient care and experience. MOOCs provide an innovative, scalable and ubiquitous solution to train large numbers of healthcare professionals in limited resource settings.

Counseling women of reproductive age about emergency preparedness – Provider attitudes and practices

We report healthcare provider attitudes and practices on emergency preparedness counseling for women of reproductive age (WRA), including pregnant, postpartum, and lactating women (PPLW), for disasters and weather emergencies. DocStyles is a web-based panel survey of primary healthcare providers in the United States. During March 17–May 17, 2021, obstetricians-gynecologists, family practitioners, internists, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants were asked about the importance of emergency preparedness counseling, level of confidence, frequency, barriers to providing counseling, and preferred resources to support counseling among WRA and PPLW. We calculated frequencies of provider attitudes and practices, and prevalence ratios with 95% CIs for questions with binary responses. Among 1503 respondents (family practitioners (33%), internists (34%), obstetrician-gynecologists (17%), nurse practitioners (8%), and physician assistants (8%)), 77% thought emergency preparedness was important, and 88% thought counseling was necessary for patient health and safety. However, 45% of respondents did not feel confident providing emergency preparedness counseling, and most (70%) had never talked to PPLW about this topic. Respondents cited not having time during clinical visits (48%) and lack of knowledge (34%) as barriers to providing counseling. Most respondents (79%) stated they would use emergency preparedness educational materials for WRA, and 60% said they were willing to take an emergency preparedness training. Healthcare providers have opportunities to provide emergency preparedness counseling; however, many have not, noting lack of time and knowledge as barriers. Emergency preparedness resources combined with training may improve healthcare provider confidence and increase delivery of emergency preparedness counseling.

Providing care for children with tracheostomies: a qualitative interview study with parents and health professionals

ObjectivesTo explore the experience of caring for children with tracheostomies from the perspectives of parents and health professional caregivers.DesignQualitative semistructured interview study.SettingOne region in England covered by a tertiary care...

Impact of COVID-19 on HIV services and anticipated benefits of vaccination in restoring HIV services in Ethiopia: A qualitative assessment.

HIV services were inevitably disrupted and affected due to COVID-19. There are many challenges in implementing appropriate HIV services, particularly in the provision of health care and the link between people living with HIV/AIDS and retention in care. The study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on HIV services and the anticipated benefit of the COVID-19 vaccination on HIV service restoration in North Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia. A qualitative descriptive study approach was used to explore how healthcare delivery evolved during the outbreak of COVID-19 in Ethiopia. Sixteen antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics were selected from 13 districts and one administrative town in Ethiopia. From them, 32 ART providers were purposively selected based on their experience in ART provision. Data were collected from June to July 2021 using in-depth interviews. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the data, based on themes and subthemes emerging from the data. ATLAS.ti software was used for coding. Healthcare for people living with HIV was interrupted due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Medical appointments, HIV testing and counseling services, opportunistic infection treatment, medicine supply, and routine viral load and CD4 T-cell count tests were interrupted. Due to a shortage of healthcare staff, outreach testing services and home index testing were discontinued and HIV testing was limited only to hospitals and health centers. This has substantially affected accessibility to HIV testing and reduced the quality of HIV service delivery. Telehealth and less frequent visits to health facilities were used as alternative ways of delivering HIV services. The COVID-19 vaccination campaign is expected to restore healthcare services. Vaccination may also increase the confidence of healthcare providers by changing their attitudes toward COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially impacted HIV services and reduced the quality of HIV care in Ethiopia. Health facilities could not provide routine HIV services as they prioritize the fight against COVID-19, leading to an increase in service discontinuation and poor adherence.

905 Improving Confidence in Plastering Across Specialties: A Hands-on Approach

Abstract Aim Plaster of Paris casts form one the most basic yet effective treatment for acute orthopaedic fractures and often form a permanent treatment methodology. Patients with fractures present at all times of the day to acute services and require prompt stabilisation. Casts however do present some risks including compartment syndrome and skin ulcerations. Our quality improvement aimed to improve confidence in healthcare providers across different specialities in managing plasters. Method Focussed workshops conducted by expert plaster technicians under the supervision of an experienced orthopaedic consultant were conducted for upper and lower limb injuries. Additional workshops encompassing plaster safety and other trauma splints were delivered. Candidates ranged across different grades and included nurse practitioners and qualified doctors. Confidence scores (out of five) measured on a Likert scale were obtained from 25 participants. Results Knowledge about plasters including type of plaster matched to injury improved from a mean score of 3 to 4.5. Confidence in applying upper limb plasters improved from a mean score 3 to 4.7 and applying lower limb plasters improved from a mean score of 3.25 to 4.8. Confidence in plaster safety including acute conditions and safe removal improved from a mean score of 2 to 4.6. Confidence in applying acute splints improved from a mean score of 1.5 to 4.3. Conclusions Our quality improvement project improve the confidence in practitioners managing acute orthopaedic patients with an emphasis on plaster safety and acute splints. It has been formally adopted on a regular basis as a teaching program.

Characteristics of Living Systematic Review for COVID-19.

PurposeThe systematic review aims to analyze and summarize the characteristics of living systematic review (LSR) for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsSix databases including Medline, Excerpta Medica (Embase), Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Database and China Science, and Technology Journal Database (VIP), were searched as the source of basic information and methodology of LSR. Descriptive analytical methods were used to analyze the included COVID-19 LSRs, and the study characteristics of COVID-19 LSRs were further assessed.ResultsSixty-four COVID-19 LSRs were included. Eighty-nine point one percent of LSRs were published on Science Citation Index (SCI) journals, and 64.1% publication with an impact factor (IF) >5 and 17.2% with an IF >15 among SCI journals. The first unit of the published LSRs for COVID-19 came from 19 countries, with the largest contribution from the UK (17.2%, 11/64). Forty point six percent of LSRs for COVID-19 were related to therapeutics topic which was considered the most concerned perspective for LSRs for COVID-19. Seventy-six point six percent of LSRs focused on the general population, with less attention to children, pregnant women and the elderly. However, the LSR for COVID-19 was reported incomplete on “living” process, including 40.6% of studies without search frequency, 79.7% of studies without screening frequency, 20.3% of studies without update frequency, and 65.6% of studies without the timing or criteria of transitioning LSR out of living mode.ConclusionAlthough researchers in many countries have applied LSRs to COVID-19, most of the LSRs for COVID-19 were incomplete in reporting on the “living” process and less focused on special populations. This could reduce the confidence of health-care providers and policy makers in the results of COVID-19 LSR, thereby hindering the translation of evidence on COVID-19 LSR into clinical practice. It was necessary to explicitly enact preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) to improve the reporting quality of LSR and support ongoing efforts of therapeutics research for special patients with COVID-19.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards malaria diagnostics among healthcare providers and healthcare-seekers in Kondoa district, Tanzania: a multi-methodological situation analysis

BackgroundDespite the large-scale rollout of malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) in Tanzania, many healthcare providers (HCPs) continue using blood film microscopy (BFM) and clinical examination to diagnose malaria, which can increase the risk of mal-diagnosis and over-prescribing of anti-malarials. Patients disregarding negative test results and self-treating exacerbate the problem. This study explored the knowledge, attitudes and practices of HCPs and healthcare-seekers regarding RDTs in comparison to BFM testing.MethodsA situational analysis was, therefore, conducted in Kondoa District, Dodoma Region, Tanzania. A multi-methodological approach was adopted including (i) a health facility inventory and screening of logbooks from May 2013 to April 2014 with 77,126 patient entries from 33 health facilities; (ii) a survey of 40 HCPs offering malaria services; and iii) a survey of 309 randomly selected household members from the facilities’ catchment area. Surveys took place in April and May 2014.ResultsHealth facility records revealed that out of 77,126 patient entries, 22% (n = 17,235) obtained a malaria diagnosis. Of those, 45% were made with BFM, 33% with RDT and 22% with clinical diagnosis. A higher rate of positive diagnoses was observed with BFM compared with RDT (71% vs 14%). In the HCP survey, 48% preferred using BFM for malaria testing, while 52% preferred RDT. Faced with a negative RDT result for a patient presenting with symptoms typical for malaria, 25% of HCPs stated they would confirm the result with a microscopy test, 70% would advise or perform a clinical diagnosis and 18% would prescribe anti-malarials. Interviews with household members revealed a preference for microscopy testing (58%) over RDT (23%), if presented with malaria symptoms. For participants familiar with both tests, a second opinion was desired in 45% after a negative microscopy result and in 90% after an RDT.ConclusionsNon-adherence to negative diagnostics by HCPs and patients continues to be a concern. Frequent training and supportive supervision for HCPs diagnosing and treating malaria and non-malaria febrile illnesses is essential to offer quality services that can instil confidence in HCPs and patients alike. The introduction of new diagnostic devices should be paired with context-specific behaviour change interventions targeting healthcare-seekers and healthcare providers.

Working With Burmese Patients: Understanding Historical and Cultural Contexts to Improve Health Care Access and Health Status.

IntroductionBurmese patients resettled in the United States as refugees constitute one of the country's largest refugee populations. As health inequities within the wider Asian and Asian American population have garnered more attention, medical professionals have worked to better understand how to provide care to Burmese and Burmese American patients. This workshop addresses the pressing need to provide culturally responsive care to this growing population.MethodsOur interactive 60-minute workshop was developed to increase the knowledge and confidence of health care providers and trainees regarding the specific needs of Burmese communities in the United States. It was implemented once in person and twice virtually. The workshop included a PowerPoint presentation and case studies. Pre- and postworkshop evaluation forms assessed the effectiveness of the module.ResultsThe workshop's 70 attendees included an interdisciplinary group of medical students, academic faculty, graduate students, and health care staff. Following module completion, all learning objectives were met. Paired-samples t tests revealed significant increases in average number of correct responses for all learning objectives.DiscussionThis module is part of a larger initiative to provide current and future health care providers with information to empower them to supply culturally responsive care to Burmese and Burmese American patients and their families. We offer recommendations for improving care for this patient population on individual, provider, and systemic levels. We hope that this module will inspire opportunities to advocate for change in policy and health care/research funding for Burmese and Burmese American patients.

Causes and Consequences of Not Having a Personal Healthcare Provider Among American Indian Elders: A Mixed-Method Study.

Having a regular relationship with a healthcare provider contributes to better health outcomes and greater satisfaction with care for older adults. Although members of federally recognized American Indian tribes have a legal right to healthcare, American Indian Elders experience inequities in healthcare access that may compromise their ability to establish a relationship with a healthcare provider. This multi-year, community-driven, mixed-method study examines the potential causes and consequences of not having a personal healthcare provider among American Indian Elders. Quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews were conducted with 96 American Indian Elders (age 55 and over) in two states in the Southwestern United States. Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed separately and then triangulated to identify convergences and divergences in data. Findings confirmed that having a consistent healthcare provider correlated significantly with self-rated measures of health, confidence in getting needed care, access to overall healthcare, and satisfaction with care. Lack of a regular healthcare provider was related to interconnected experiences of self-reliance, bureaucratic and contextual barriers to care, and sentiments of fear and mistrust based in previous interactions with medical care. Increasing health equity for American Indian Elders will thus require tailored outreach and system change efforts to increase continuity of care and provider longevity within health systems and build Elders' trust and confidence in healthcare providers.

Patients' experiences across the trajectory of atrial fibrillation: A qualitative systematic review.

AimThis study aimed to synthesize qualitative evidence on experiences of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) during the course of diagnosis and treatment. We addressed three main questions: (a) What were the experiences of patients with AF during the course of diagnosis and treatment? (b) How did they respond to and cope with the disease? (c) What were the requirements during disease management?DesignIn this study, qualitative evidence synthesis was performed using the Thomas and Harden method.Data SourcesElectronic databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, the China Biomedical Database, the WanFang Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and VIP, were searched. The databases were searched from inception to August 2021.Review MethodsTwo researchers independently selected studies using qualitative assessment and review instruments for quality evaluation and thematic synthesis for the data analysis.ResultsA total of 2627 studies were identified in the initial search and 15 studies were included. Five analytical themes were generated: ‘Diagnosing AF’; ‘The impact of AF on the patients’; ‘Self‐reorientation in the therapeutic process’; ‘Living with AF and QoL’; and ‘External support to facilitate coping strategies.’ConclusionsOur findings point out unique experiences of patients across the trajectory of AF related to delayed diagnosis, feelings of nonsupport, disappointment of repeated treatment failure and multiple distress associated with unpredictable symptoms. Future research and clinical practice are expected to improve the quality of medical diagnosis and treatment, optimize administrative strategy and provide diverse health support for patients with AF.ImpactUnderstanding the experiences and needs of patients with AF in the entire disease process will inform future clinical practice in AF integrated management, which would be helpful in improving the professionalism and confidence of healthcare providers. In addition, our findings have implications for improving the effectiveness of AF diagnostic and treatment services.Patient or Public ContributionThis paper presents a review of previous studies and did not involve patients or the public.

Trauma education and training for healthcare providers: a scoping review

Background: Every six seconds, someone in the world dies because of injury. Trauma is a major public health problem and leads to significant mortality and morbidity worldwide. Healthcare provider training can affect patient outcomes; therefore, it is useful to examine the efficacy of trauma training programmes. This scoping review aimed to determine the impact of trauma training or education on healthcare providers' confidence. Method: Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Ovid Emcare, CINAHL, Scopus, Google Scholar and Trove were systematically searched on 7 August 2021, and a methodology adopted to ensure the scoping review was comprehensive. Results: A total of 749 articles were retrieved, of which 15 were eligible for the scoping review. After the articles were analysed, two themes—knowledge and experience—were identified. Knowledge improved from attending courses. However, knowledge retention fell over time. Participants reported that their confidence improved after attending courses, but an inverted correlation was observed between experience and knowledge. Conclusion: Trauma training courses improve the confidence of healthcare providers. However, these courses should be conducted regularly and trainees observed to assess their confidence. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate the effect of these courses on practitioner confidence.

Child Sexual Exploitation: A Survey of Knowledge and Confidence of Healthcare Providers in Saskatchewan, Canada

Key Practitioner Messages Many human trafficking victims access healthcare, but most are not identified. Healthcare providers' overall knowledge in identifying commercially sexually exploited children was strong. Healthcare providers lack confidence in identifying and managing sexually exploited children.