Condylar Guidance Research Articles

Comparative evaulation of condylar guidance obtained by digital panoramic radiographic images with that of obtained during jaw relation and try-in using two different interocclusal record material in completely edentulous patients: an in vivo study

Background In completely edentulous patients, maintaining the patient’s temporomandibular joint (TMJ) health and intraoral components is very essential, which can be achieved by an accurate interocclusal record, which can be taken by various materials and also at various stages. Simulation of the temporomandibular joint anatomy and mandibular movements is possible on a semi-adjustable articulator, which is widely used in prosthodontics. Transferring the record on articulator is a critical step in the fabrication of complete dentures, so it should be done precisely to reduce chair side time and also to avoid complications for patients. This study examines which material is more accurate and records which stage gives more precision by comparing the Condylar guidance on radiographs. This is because it is a relatively consistent bony landmark and can be used to correlate with clinical methods in terms of verification. The objective is to determine the inter occlusal records created during the Jaw Relation stage and Try-in using reinforced wax and Polyvinyl siloxane and compare these values to the condylar guidance obtained by orthopantomogram (OPG). Methods Recording the Condylar Guidance value on OPG by tracing the Glenoid fossa, Articular eminence, and the Frankfurt Horizontal Plane. Followed by conventional steps in making complete dentures at jaw relation and try-in stage. We will record values of condylar guidance with the two different Interocclusal record materials. Expected result It will help the clinicians to gain knowledge about obtaining precise condylar inclination angle by using suitable interocclusal record materials. Conclusions This study will help us to obtain condylar inclination, which in turn helps the patient’s satisfaction as it preserves the intraoral components and health of TMJ.

Comparative Evaluation of Condylar Guidance Obtained by Digital Panoramic Radiographic Images Using Two Different Interocclusal Recording Material During Jaw Relation in Completely Edentulous Patients: An In Vivo Study.

Objective To compare the condylar guidance value obtained during jaw relation by two different interocclusal recording materials to that obtained from OPG (Orthopantomogram). Materials and methods Two different interocclusal recording materials were used, namely bite registration wax (reinforced wax, by MAARC Dental Company) and bite registration paste (jet bite, coltene) for interocclusal records during jaw relations. An OPG is shot prior to the treatment, and horizontal condylar guidance (HCG) is traced joining the bony landmarks in a completely edentulous patient seeking complete denture treatment. All the conventional steps for complete denture fabrication up to jaw relation are performed. A facebow transfer is done on a Hanau H2 articulator, and height tracers (extra oral tracing devices) are attached. After satisfactory training, the tracing is performed by the patient, and the interocclusal records are obtained. The articulator is programmed to obtain the value of HCG using protrusive records, which are then compared to the value obtained from OPG. Statistics were carried out to determine angles. Followed by statistical analysis with Pearson correlation to analyze the results (α = 0.01). Results A substantial relationship was discovered between the horizontal condylar inclination between two interocclusal recording materials and the corresponding OPG for both the right (p = 0.0015) and left (p = 0.0007) sides. Conclusion The condylar guidance obtained with jet bite was closer than the condylar guidance value obtained with reinforced wax when compared with the horizontal condylar inclination obtained in OPG by tracing with a mean difference of 10° for polyvinyl siloxane and 20° for reinforced wax in seven subjects evaluated.

TMJ Changes Before and After Implant of Posterior Partial Edentulous Patients Free of TMD Signs Under the Scope of Cadiax Compact II Device

Introduction: Assessing occlusion and TMJ discrepancies presents a persistent challenge for health professionals due to the complexity of the conditions that include accurate: diagnostic methods, treatment, associated comorbidities. Researches are being delved in this field. Cadiax Compact II is one of the technological innovations that can analyze and provide a simple and minimally invasive way, enabling early preventive action and treatment with a long-term impact on the good functioning of the masticatory system. Objectives: The objective of this research is to evaluate TMJ changes among dental implant patients. A comparison of the implant impact on posterior partial edentulous patient is taken place by the aid of Cadiax Compact II. Cadiax Compact II investigates in parameters such as Immediate Side-Shift (ISS), Sagittal Condylar Guidance (SCG), and Transverse Condylar Guidance (TCG) that are derived from mandible movements (opening, closing, protrusion, retrusion, and lateral excursion). The objective is to evaluate the changes in TMJ before and after implants in partial edentulous (posterior teeth) patients. Methods: Condylography using Cadiax Compatct II device (Gamma Dental, Klosterneuburg, Austria) was conducted on 40 patients. R statistical software was used to perform statistical analysis to perform a cephalometric analysis. Results: Age groups covered are (<40), (40-49), (50-59), and (≥ 60). Alpha value, level of uncertainty, was chosen to be 0.05. There is no statistical evidence in the change of ISS, SCG, and TCG before and after implant in the age groups (<40) and (40-49); however, there is a significant statistical change in age groups (50-59) and (≥ 60) with p-value <0.05. Conclusions: This research extended from December 2022 to March 2024 to cover time changes on mandible bone structure. The research outcomes revealed that implant has pronounced impact on TMJ articulation during opening, protrusion, retrusion, and lateral movements through (ISS, SCG, and TCG or so-called Bennet Angle) variables. Evidence-based statical tests with p-value < 0.05 showed that (ISS, SCG, TCG, and Bennet Angle) variables changed in age groups (50-59) and (≥ 60) from abnormal ranges to the normal ranges after implant. However, no statistical evidence was approved of the implant impact on age groups (<40) and (40-49). Though these age groups have normal ranges before and after implants.

The Effect of Average Value Mounting and Facebow Transfer on Condylar Guidance Settings in a Semi-Adjustable Articulator - A Comparative Study using Digital Lateral Cephalographs in Edentulous Patients.

While we attempt to restore occlusion in completely edentulous patients there is a consensus among clinicians to articulate the cast using average value and avoid performing facebow transfer. Various studies question the application of facebow transfer in the fabrication of removable complete denture fabrication. This study was therefore aimed to study the effect on condylar guidance with casts mounted by the facebow method, Bonwill's method, and radiographic method. A cross-sectional study was performed using casts of edentulous patients attending the Department of Prosthodontics. After establishing a tentative jaw relationship using wax occlusal rims in the edentulous participants, the casts were mounted by Bonwill's method and the facebow transfer method to a semi-adjustable articulator. Protrusive records of the subjects were used to program the articulator to obtain the condylar guidance values. Digital lateral cephalographs were made both in centric and protrusive jaw relationships. The mandibular condyles were then traced and overlapped to obtain radiographic values. The condylar guidance values obtained by Bonwill's method, facebow method and radiographic method were compared using Wilcoxon's signed rank test and Mann-Whitney U test. The SPSS Statistics for Windows (Version 21.0. Armonk, NY, USA:IBM Corp.), and, at a probability value of 0.05, the significance of every statistical test was predetermined. Ten edentulous 45-70 year olds participated in the study. The mean discrepancy between radiography and facebow methods was 12.8° for the right side and 12.7° for the left (P < 0.005). The difference between radiography and Bonwill's methods was significant (P < 0.005), with a mean difference of 34.3° for the right side and 34.7° for the left side. The difference between Bonwill's method and the facebow method was significant (P < 0.005), with a mean difference of 21.5° for the right side and 22° for the left side. The condylar guidance values obtained by clinical methods (Bonwill's and Facebow) were significantly lesser (P < 0.005) compared to the values obtained by radiographic method.

A comparative assessment of condylar inclination in completely edentulous patients using cone beam computed tomography and Arcus digma II

Statement of problemCondylar inclination affects denture fabrication and placement, especially when bilateral balanced occlusion is provided. However, comparisons between radiographic techniques and clinical procedures are lacking. PurposeThe purpose of this clinical study was to investigate the effects of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and Arcus digma II on horizontal condylar inclination and bilateral balanced occlusion. Material and methodsTwelve completely edentulous individuals were provided with complete dentures with teeth in bilateral balanced occlusion. The horizontal condylar angle was measured using CBCT and the Arcus digma II with a 6-mm mandibular protrusion. The CBCT had a real-time 3D image, and the Arcus digma II method recorded mandibular movement using electronic sensors. To evaluate the clinical performance, the horizontal condylar angle was measured using the 2 methods and applied to the semi-adjustable articulator to evaluate the balanced occlusion. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to assess normality, and a paired t test was used to assess the normally distributed data (α=.05). ResultsThe horizontal condylar guidance angle values for both sides of Arcus digma II were significantly higher than from CBCT (P<.05). No difference was found in the clinical performance of balanced occlusion of complete dentures in the 2 methods. ConclusionsThe Arcus digma II method yielded higher horizontal condylar angle measurements than from CBCT. However, no significant difference was found between Arcus digma II and CBCT in terms of the effect on balanced occlusion. Arcus digma II appears to be a reliable technique for measuring the horizontal condylar angle, similar to CBCT, and can be used as an alternative method.

Comparison of Sagittal Condylar Guidance Angle Obtained by Radiographic Methods and Manual Programming of Articulators in Dentate Patients – A Clinico-radiographic Study

Background: The ultimate goal of advanced procedures in prosthetic dentistry is to construct a prosthesis based on the accurate reproduction of condylar guidance. Aim: To compare the sagittal condylar inclination obtained using the cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), panoramic image, and two articulator systems. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 20 dentate patients in the age group of 20–40 years. Materials and Methods: Sagittal condylar guidance angles (SCGAs) were measured on two semi-adjustable articulators (Hanau Wide Vue and Denar Mark 320) using protrusive interocclusal record. SCGAs were also measured on the CBCT scans (CBCT reconstructed panoramic image and CBCT sagittal cross section) and the panoramic images obtained from the patients. The angles were determined on the radiographs by joining two lines: Frankfort’s horizontal plane and the other plane were drawn by connecting the superior-most point on the glenoid fossa and the inferior-most point on the articular eminence. All the measurements were done twice by two operators independently. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed using the paired t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient with a P ≤ 0.05. Results: There was no significant difference between the right and the left side in any of the groups (P ≥ 0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference between the clinical methods (P ≥ 0.05). However, there was a significant difference between the clinical and the radiographic methods (P ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, there was a strong correlation between the clinical and radiographic methods with Pearson’s Correlation coefficient above 0.67. Conclusion: There is a strong correlation between the clinical and radiographic methods. Thus, CBCT and OPG can be used an adjunct to clinical methods to record sagittal condylar guidance.

Comparative evaulation of condylar guidance obtained by digital panoramic radiographic images with that of obtained during jaw relation and try-in using two different interocclusal record material in completely edentulous patients: an in vivo study

Background In completely edentulous patients, maintaining the patient's temporomandibular joint (TMJ) health and intraoral components is very important, which can be achieved by an accurate interocclusal record, which can we taken by various materials and also at various stages. Simulation of the temporomandibular joint anatomy and mandibular movements is possible on a semi-adjustable articulator, which is widely used in prosthodontics. Transferring the record on articulator is a critical step in the fabrication of complete dentures so it should be done precisely to reduce chair side time and also to avoid complications for patients. This study examines which material is more accurate and records which stage gives more precision, by comparing the Condylar guidance on radiographs. This is because it is a fairly consistent bony landmark and can be used for correlating with the clinical methods in terms of verification. The objective is to determine the inter occlusal records created during the Jaw Relation stage and Try-in using reinforced wax and Polyvinyl siloxane and compare these values to the condylar guidance obtained by oethopantomogram (OPG). Methods Recording the Condylar Guidance value on OPG by tracing the Glenoid fossa, Articular eminence and the Frankfurt Horizontal Plane. Followed by conventional steps in making complete dentures, at jaw relation and try-in stage. We will record values of condylar guidance with the two different Interocclusal record materials. Expected result It will help the clinicians to gain knowledge about obtaining precise condylar inclination angle by using suitable interocclusal record materials. Conclusions This study will help us to obtain condylar inclination which inturn helps the patients satisfaction as it preserves the intraoral components and health of TMJ.

Evaluation and Comparison of Conventional Techniques with the Advanced Axiographic Technique in Recording Condylar Guidance

Evaluation and Comparison of Conventional Techniques with the Advanced Axiographic Technique in Recording Condylar Guidance

A systematic review and meta-analysis of accuracy between protrusive interocclusal record and horizontal condylar guidance angle recording methods in dentulous patients.

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the accuracy of different methods used for measuring horizontal condylar guidance (HCG) angle in comparison with protrusive interocclusal record (IOR) for dentulous patients. The design involves systematic review and meta-analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis guidelines. An electronic search was carried out by two reviewers in the Google Scholar search engine and the EBSCO host, Cochrane Library, and PubMed/MEDLINE databases for quasi-experimental studies, in vivo studies, and cross-sectional studies published from January 2005 to February 2023 determining the HCG angle in dentulous patients. Meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the quantitative data. A total of 577 articles were identified, 29 analytical cross-sectional studies that fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included for qualitative synthesis and 26 studies were included for meta-analysis. A statistically significant difference was observed for the right and left HCG angles obtained by the panoramic radiograph method and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) method and for the right side HCG angle obtained by cephalogram method showing higher values than the protrusive IOR method. No statistically significant difference was observed for the left side HCG angle obtained by the cephalogram method and both the right and left side HCG angles obtained by the intraoral tracer method. The panoramic radiograph, cephalogram, and CBCT obtained higher HCG angles in dentulous patients than the protrusive IOR method.

Clinical evaluation of three different anterior reference points on protrusive condylar guidance angle using a semi adjustable articulator and lateral cephalogram

Background: Studies had shown that different anterior reference points can mount the maxillary cast in variable position in the articulator which may affect the protrusive condylar guidance angle on setting the semi adjustable articulator. So there is a need for search of reliable anterior reference point in orienting the maxillary cast on the articulation for accurate prosthesis fabrication. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of 3 different anterior reference points Orbitale, Orbitale minus 7mm, 36mm from the incisal edge of maxillary central or lateral incisor on the protrusive condylar guidance values registered on Hanau wide vue articulator and compare it to the protrusive condylar guidance angle obtained from lateral Cephalometric tracings. Materials and methods: A total of 30 healthy human subjects were randomly selected for this study from volunteer dental students. Orbitale, Orbitale minus 7mm, 36mm from the maxillary incisal edge of the subjects were the three anterior reference points used for facebow transfer using Hanau springbow. With the help of protrusive records, articulation was done in Hanau wide vue articulator using this record and condylar inclination values were noted on right side and left side.Three sets of lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken in maximum intercuspation and protrusive position, traced manually and values tabulated for all 30 subjects. Results: Mean value of orbitale is highest and mean value of 36mm from the maxillary incisal edge is lowest. Conclusion: Orbitale can be used as a reliable anterior reference point in facebow transfer using hanau wide vue articulator.

Comparative evaulation of condylar guidance obtained by digital panoramic radiographic images with that of obtained during jaw relation and try-in using two different interocclusal record material in completely edentulous patients: an in vivo study

Background: In completely edentulous patients, maintaining the patient's TMJ health and intraoral components is very important. This can be achieved by an accurate interocclusal record, which can we taken by various materials and also at various stages. Simulation of the temparomandibular joint anatomy and mandibular movements is possible on a semi adjustable articulator which is use widely in prosthodontics. Transferring the record on articulator is a critical step in fabrication of complete dentures so it should be done precisely to reduce chair side time and also to avoid complications for patients. This study examines which material is more accurate and also records which stage gives more precision, by comparing the Condylar guidance on radiographs. This is because it has consistent bony landmarks and is comparable to clinical methods in terms of standardisation. The objective will be to determine the inter occlusal records created during Jaw Relation stage and Try-in using reinforced wax and Polyvinyl siloxane and compare these values to the condylar guidance obtained by OPG. Methods: Recording the Condylar Guidance value on OPG, obtained with tracing Glenoid fossa, Articular eminence and the Frankfurt Horizontal Plane. Followed with conventional steps in making complete dentures, at jaw relation and try-in stage. we will record values of condylar guidance with the two different Interocclusal record materials. Expected result: It will help the clinicians to get knowledge about obtaining precise condylar inclination angle by using right interocclusal record materials. Conclusions: This study will help us to obtain condylar inclination which inturn helps the patients satisfaction as it maintains the patient's TMJ health and intraoral components.

A clinical comparison of sagittal condylar inclination and Bennett angle derived from a conventional electronic tracking device and an optical jaw tracking device

The challenges of conventional methods to measure the sagittal condylar inclination and the Bennett angle include patient discomfort and an output of averaged values calculated on the arc of mandibular movement. Programming these average values into a mechanical or mathematically simulated articulator may introduce occlusal errors. The purpose of this clinical study was to compare the sagittal condylar inclination and Bennett angle measurements derived from a conventional electronic tracking device and an optical tracking device. Fifteen dentate participants with at least 12 occluding units, 25 years old and above, participated in the study. Each participant's mandibular movements were recorded by the 2 systems for different condylar guidance values. A conventional tracking device, the Cadiax Compact 2, and an optical tracking device, the MODJAW, were used for this study. Sagittal condylar inclination was measured at 3mm and 5mm using protrusive records and the values of the Bennett angle at 3mm were measured using excursive records along the path traced by mandibular condyles. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze the paired data from the 2 methods. A significant difference was found between right (P=.007) and left sagittal condylar inclinations (P=.010) measured at 3mm with the conventional and optical tracking devices. A significant difference was found between right (P=.015) and left sagittal condylar inclinations (P=.004) measured at 5mm with the conventional and optical tracking devices. The right and left Bennett angles measured at 3mm with the conventional and optical tracking devices were statistically different (P=.043 and P=.035 respectively). The sagittal condylar inclination and Bennett angle measured at different positions along the path of movement exhibited significant differences. The sagittal condylar inclination and Bennett angle values obtained from the conventional tracking device were generally significantly less than those derived from the optical tracking device.

A Comparison of Occlusal Schemes with Condylar Inclination and Anterior Guidance in Dentate Individuals.

To compare occlusal schemes with condylar inclination and anterior guidance in dentate individuals. A total of 26 dentate patients of Indian origin between the ages of 18 and 30 with canine-guided occlusion and 26 patients with group function occlusion were included in the study. The School of Articulator Munich (SAM) Axioquick system was used to assess the condylar guidance and eccentric tracings of the patients. For analyses, Student t test was used. For quantitative data, the means and SDs were calculated. For statistical analyses, the probability of type-I error of .05 was considered statistically significant. The mean condylar guidance for canine-guided and group function occlusion was 38.4 ± 12.7 degrees and 30.5 ± 12.5 degrees on the right side, respectively. On the left side it was 36.5 ± 13.0 degrees and 27.5 ± 12.0 degrees for canine-guided and group function occlusion, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P &#61; .01). The condylar guidance, incisal guidance, Bennett angle, protrusion, left lateral and right lateral movement, and left and right lateral angles were analyzed statistically between the two types of occlusions. The results showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups for all parameters except right condylar guidance. Furthermore, all parameters were higher in the canine-guided occlusion group over group function occlusion. Within the study limitations, it was concluded that the condylar guidance was steeper in canine-guided occlusion than in group function occlusion. The eccentric parameters were steeper in canine-guided occlusion than in group function occlusion. This study showcases that the condylar guidance might not play a major role in determining the occlusal scheme but that the incisal guidance determines the occlusal scheme predominantly in Class 1 occlusion patients.

Comparative Evaluation of the Horizontal Condylar Guidance Using Protrusive Interocclusal Records, OPG, and CBCT in Edentulous Patients: An In Vivo Study.

A clinical study to compare the horizontal condylar guidance using protrusive interocclusal records, orthopantomography (OPG), and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in edentulous patients. Thirty-six edentulous subjects were selected as per predetermined criteria. Horizontal condylar guidance was recorded using protrusive interocclusal records (PIR), OPG, and CBCT for each patient. The PIR were obtained using extraoral Gothic arch tracers to program the Hanau articulator. The horizontal condylar guidance angles (HCGAs) were digitally constructed using appropriate software along the posterior slope of articular eminence for all radiographs. The collected data were recorded, tabulated, and statistically analyzed. The condylar guidance angle values were tested for significance to compare the different angles. The correlation of HCGA measurements on both sides between the three groups was analyzed. The PIR and OPG methods (p = 0.001), as well as the OPG and CBCT methods (p = 0.001), show substantial differences on both sides. On the contrary, the PIR and CBCT methods did not differ significantly (p = 0.11). Cone-beam computed tomography is as reliable and accurate as the clinical method. A significant correlation exists between the clinical method and CBCT. It can be used as a dependable adjunct to the clinical method of HCGA measurement. Cone-beam computed tomography can overcome the shortcomings of the conventional clinical methods to determine the accurate horizontal condylar guidance angulation measurement. It is safer with minimum discomfort and wastage of time for the patients.

Comparative evaulation of condylar guidance obtained by digital panoramic radiographic images with that of obtained during jaw relation and try-in using two different interocclusal record material in completely edentulous patients: an in vivo study

Background: In completely edentulous patients, maintaining the patient's TMJ health and intraoral components is very important. This can be achieved by an accurate interocclusal record, which can we taken by various materials and also at various stages. Simulation of the temparomandibular joint anatomy and mandibular movements is possible on a semi adjustable articulator which is use widely in prosthodontics. Transferring the record on articulator is a critical step in fabrication of complete dentures so it should be done precisely to reduce chair side time and also to avoid complications for patients. This study examines which material is more accurate and also records which stage gives more precision, by comparing the Condylar guidance on radiographs. This is because it has consistent bony landmarks and is comparable to clinical methods in terms of standardisation. The objective will be to determine the inter occlusal records created during Jaw Relation stage and Try-in using reinforced wax and Polyvinyl siloxane and compare these values to the condylar guidance obtained by OPG. Methods: Recording the Condylar Guidance value on OPG, obtained with tracing Glenoid fossa, Articular eminence and the Frankfurt Horizontal Plane. Followed with conventional steps in making complete dentures, at jaw relation and try-in stage. we will record values of condylar guidance with the two different Interocclusal record materials. Expected result: It will help the clinicians to get knowledge about obtaining precise condylar inclination angle by using right interocclusal record materials. Conclusions: This study will help us to obtain condylar inclination which inturn helps the patients satisfaction as it maintains the patient's TMJ health and intraoral components.

Comparative Evaluation of Condylar Guidance Angles Measured Using Arcon and Non-Arcon Articulators and Panoramic Radiographs-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The condylar guidance value (CGV) measurement constitutes an important part of a holistic prosthodontic treatment plan, with horizontal CGVs (HCGVs) and lateral CGVs (LCGVs) being two of the most prominently recognized. This systematic review aimed at evaluating the efficacy of two different types of CGV measurement protocols-articulators (both arcon and non-arcon) and panoramic radiographs. Additionally, it attempts to determine which of the mentioned methods performs better across several parameters. Several important web databases were searched using search terms derived from medical subject headings (MeSH), using keywords linked to "Arcon articulator", "Condylar guidance angle", "non-arcon articulator", "Panoramic x-ray" and "Radiographic examination", which constituted the first step in the study selection strategy. After completion, the search strategy which initially turned up to 831 papers, eventually ended up with 13 studies. The review and subsequent meta-analysis revealed that panoramic radiographs had noticeably greater efficacy in terms of the CGVs as compared to the articulators in the majority of the studies. Within the articulators, the arcon types recorded slightly higher CGVs than the non-arcon variety owing to the precision of jaw movement simulation in the former. However, further studies are required to validate these findings and establish more precise guidelines for the use of CGV measurement protocols in prosthodontic practice.

Neuroendocrine Influencers and Associated Factors That Shape Jaw Movement and Growth in Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Management: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Radiographic Evidence.

To investigate the influence of endogenous and exogenous neuroendocrine analogues on the range and motion of jaw movement, mandibular growth, and factors affecting condylar guidance in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders using clinical assessment and radiographic imaging. Eligible articles were extracted from eleven databases in early 2023 and screened following PRISMA protocols. Certainty of evidence and potential biases were assessed using the GRADE approach. Nineteen articles were screened, with four deemed to be of high quality, eight of moderate quality, and the remaining seven of low to very low quality. Corticosteroids improve maximal incisal opening but not TMJ disorder symptoms. Higher doses worsen jaw movement and cause osseous deformity. Growth hormone affects occlusal development, and delayed treatment affects arch width. Sex hormone correlation with TMJ disorder is complex, with some studies showing a correlation between menstrual cycle phases and pain/limited mobility. The evaluation of neuroendocrine influencers in relation to jaw movement in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders involves the complex interplay of potentially confounding factors that each require careful consideration to ensure accurate diagnoses and evaluations.

Effect of Different Lateral Condylar Guidance Registration Methods and Articulators on Bilateral Balanced Occlusion of Complete Denture

Purpose: This study was conducted to accomplish the most balanced occlusion of the complete denture through comparing between lateral condylar guidance angle records of Hanau Equation, Gothic arch tracing and Computed tomography (CBCT) using arcon and non arcon articulators. Materials and methods: Twelve completely edentulous patients were selected for this study, with age ranging from 50-60 years. Selected patients were free from any temporomandibular disorders or dental diseases. Each patient received a complete denture and then duplicated another one for work. With bilateral balanced occlusion concept. The lateral condylar guidance measured using Hanau equation calculated from protrusive interocclusal records, Gothic arch tracer and Cone beam computed tomography. All records transferred to two types of semi-adjustable articulators Hanau non arcon articulator and Bio-art arcon articulator. Denture adjusted on the both articulator system to measure and achieve the bilateral balanced occlusion. Results: In present study comparison between the three methods of right and left lateral condylar guidance registrations Hanau Equation, Cone Beam CT and Gothic arch tracing on both types of articulators shows insignificant difference between right side (p=0.443) and left side (p=0.094) of lateral condylar guidance and also the balanced occlusion values of right and left side on arcon and non arcon semi-adjustable articulator were statically non-significant. Conclusions: Within the outcomes of this study, it could be concluded that to achieve balanced occlusion of complete denture Hanau equation obtained from inter occlusal records with using of Hanau arcon semi-adjustable articulator will be recommended.

Effect of Different Lateral Condylar Guidance Registration Methods and Articulators on Bilateral Balanced Occlusion of Complete Denture

Purpose: This study was conducted to accomplish the most balanced occlusion of the complete denture through comparing between lateral condylar guidance angle records of Hanau Equation, Gothic arch tracing and Computed tomography (CBCT) using arcon and non arcon articulators. Materials and methods: Twelve completely edentulous patients were selected for this study, with age ranging from 50-60 years. Selected patients were free from any temporomandibular disorders or dental diseases. Each patient received a complete denture and then duplicated another one for work. With bilateral balanced occlusion concept. The lateral condylar guidance measured using Hanau equation calculated from protrusive interocclusal records, Gothic arch tracer and Cone beam computed tomography. All records transferred to two types of semi-adjustable articulators Hanau non arcon articulator and Bio-art arcon articulator. Denture adjusted on the both articulator system to measure and achieve the bilateral balanced occlusion. Results: In present study comparison between the three methods of right and left lateral condylar guidance registrations Hanau Equation, Cone Beam CT and Gothic arch tracing on both types of articulators shows insignificant difference between right side (p=0.443) and left side (p=0.094) of lateral condylar guidance and also the balanced occlusion values of right and left side on arcon and non arcon semi-adjustable articulator were statically non-significant. Conclusions: Within the outcomes of this study, it could be concluded that to achieve balanced occlusion of complete denture Hanau equation obtained from inter occlusal records with using of Hanau arcon semi-adjustable articulator will be recommended.

Complicated Relationships between Anterior and Condylar Guidance and Their Clinical Implications-Comparison by Cone Beam Computed Tomography and Electronic Axiography-An Observational Cohort Cross-Sectional Study.

A complex prosthodontic treatment is believed to be more successful when the condylar path is replicated using the articulator. However, there is an ongoing major disagreement between the researchers as the exact relationship between the posterior and anterior determinants has not been clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the protrusive movement of the mandible does correlate with the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) anatomy or with incised features. Subjects (15 males and 15 females) were qualified for this study based on an initial interview including the following criteria: age 21-23 (+/-1), no history of trauma, orthodontic treatment, or temporomandibular disorders (TMD). For each patient, the angle of the condylar path, incisal guidance angle (IGA), interincisal angle, as well as overbite and overjet were measured on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). This was followed by the examination with the Modjaw® electronic axiograph recording and calculating the functional sagittal condylar guidance angle (SCGA) for the right and left TMJ during the protrusion. The results show that the mean functional axiographic measurement of SCGA in protrusion significantly correlates with the TMJ anatomy presented on CBCT. Moreover, a significant correlation was found between the values of SCGA in the functional and anatomical measurements in all its variants. It turned out that, statistically, the AB measurement was the most accurate. Finally, results showed that incisal relationships of permanent teeth such as overbite, overjet, incisal guidance angle and interincisal angle do not correlate with TMJ anatomy, and therefore, regarding an analyzed study group, do not affect the TMJ formation in young adults.