Condoms In Sexual Intercourse Research Articles

Balance decisional sobre el uso del condón asociado a la conducta sexual de riesgo en universitarios

The acquisition of a Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) and unplanned pregnancies are risks that young people deal when deciding not to use a condom when having sexual intercourse. During the decision-making process, individuals value the benefits (gains) and losses (costs) associated with a behavior. Cost-benefit analysis has been investigated to examine the differential impact of gains and losses on risky behaviours. The decisional balance approach emphasizes that costs and benefits are associated with risky sexual behavior. Decisions about condom use are a precursor to behavior, and this process may be influenced by perceived benefits. In the present study, it is proposed that the balance between the benefit and the loss of condom use contributes to consistent condom use. These factors as determinants of behaviour must be considered under the cultural context in which they are carried out. The objective of this research is to identify the relationship of gains and losses from condom use with risky sexual behaviour. It was hypothesized that: 1) Young people will evaluate the benefits (gains) with higher scores compared to the losses (costs) in deciding to use a condom in sexual intercourse. 2) The gains will be greater in those college students who use a condom more frequently and the losses will not be the same among those who use a condom. To evaluate risky sexual behavior and the use of the male condom in their sexual relations were considered. Condom gains and losses were measured with a measurement scale in a sample of 257 university students, aged between 18 and 39 years ( M = 22.34; SD = 3.6) from Querétaro, México. With reference to sexual behavior, it was found that 89.1 % have started their sexual activity. The average age of initiation of sexual life is 15.41 years. The frequency of sexual activity is once or twice each month. The mean of sexual partners is 4.2, with a median of 3. The 68.5 % reported using some contraceptive method and regarding the use of condoms, 27.8 % always use it and 5.7 % never use it. To evaluate the decisional balance, subtracting the gain and loss factors created a net difference score. The gain factor was subtracted from its counterpart of the loss factor to indicate the preference for having sex with a condom. The decisional balance assessment indicates that the gains are greater than the losses (costs) of consistent condom use in sexual intercourse. Associations were found between gains and losses with indicators of risky sexual behavior. It is observed that university students who do not use a condom show greater losses from using it. In gains, there is an increase in scores when using a condom. Additionally, it is observed that university students, who sometimes use a condom, show greater losses for using it, unlike those who always use it, which show low scores in the losses of using it. In gains factor, there is an increase in the scores when using a condom, that is, those who never or almost never use a condom have the lowest scores and as the scores increase, the frequency of using a condom in their sexual relations also increases. In conclusion, gains and losses from male condom use are associated with risky sexual behavior (age of sexual activity, number of partners and condom use) in the university context. The findings provide support for the development of interventions that promote gains or benefits to increase consistent condom use. It is important to consider in specific interventions those young people who decide to continue having sex without using a condom despite the costs and possible consequences of not using it. https://doi.org/10.16888/interd.2023.40.2.13

Studi Eksplorasi Penggunaan Kondom pada Pekerja Seks Komersil (PSK) Langsung di Daerah Sanur

Previous research on Commercial Sex Workers (CSWs) found that 250 CSWs in Denpasar and surrounding areas, around 14% were infected with HIV/AIDS. South Denpasar District is the sub-district with the most STI cases, namely in the Sanur area. According to data from the Denpasar City Health Office in 2017, there were 450 direct sex workers in the Sanur area. It appears that problem of STIs among sex workers directly in the Sanur area is quite high. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an exploratory study to dig deeper into the use of condoms in direct sex workers in the Sanur area. This study uses a qualitative method with purposive sampling technique on 15 informants consisting of direct sex workers, pimps and customers by conducting in-depth interviews. The results showed that although the use of condoms had been encouraged, there were also participants who did not use condoms when dealing with customers. The mostly reasoned that their partners did not like the use of condoms in sexual intercourse. The low use of condoms is related to economic factors. If you use a condom in sexual intercourse, it will reduce the income of the prostitutes directly.

Preventive Behavior of Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV/AIDS Among Female Sex Workers in Gianyar Regency

Research conducted in 2018 regarding the use of condoms among female sex workers (FSW) in Sanur, Denpasar City, found that condom use had beed promoted, but there were still FSW who did not use condoms when dealing with customers. Gianyar Regency is an area with the second highest direct FSW after Denpasar City. Gianyar Regency has many locations and points of sexual transactions. One of the wellknown locaizations in Gianyar Regency is the one along the Baypass Ida Bagus Mantra. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct an exploratory study of STIs and HIV/AIDS prevention behavior in female sex workers in Gianyar Regency. This study used a qualitative method with purposive sampling technique on 15 informants consisting of female sex workers, pimps and friends/customers by conducting indepth interviews. The results showed that even though the use of condoms had been encouraged, there were also participants who did not use condoms when dealing with custumors. They mostly argued that their partners did not like the use of condoms in sexual intercourse. The low use of condoms is related to economic factors. If they use a condoms for sexual intercourse, it will reduce the income of FSW. In the prevention of STIs and HIV/AIDS, most FSW never did an HIV test

Sexual Behavior and HIV / AIDS Prevention in Male Sexual Men (MSM) in Denpasar City

HIV / AIDS cases among MSM (male sex men) in Indonesia from year to year have increased significantly. Meanwhile, Bali is a province with many HIV / AIDS cases, where Denpasar is the city with the highest number of MSM. There has never been a report on sexual behavior and HIV / AIDS prevention among MSM in Denpasar. Therefore, the researchers wanted to explore the problems of sexual behavior and its prevention in MSM in Denpasar. Purpose: This study aims to obtain a vision of sexual behavior and HIV / AIDS prevention among MSM groups in Denpasar City. This study used a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach to digging deeper into sexual behavior and HIV / AIDS prevention among MSM in Denpasar City. The selection of informants in this study was taken using convenience sampling technique and conducted in-depth interviews with 10 MSM who were productive and communicative in Denpasar. After collecting data in the field, the data will be analyzed thematically. In sexual intercourse behavior, most of the MSM prioritized variations and sensations during sexual intercourse to get sexual satisfaction, such as having group sex, using arousal-enhancing drugs, and violence engaging during sexual intercourse. Some of the informants only had one permanent sexual partner. However, there are still MSM who have more than one sexual partner and receive payment for sexual intercourse. Informants use condoms in sexual intercourse and with the PrEP method to avoid HIV / AIDS. It is necessary to conduct education and counseling on sexual orientation for the community, especially for adolescents looking for identity, educating MSM to reduce high-risk behavior during sexual intercourse.
 Keywords: Sexual behavior, MSM, prevention, HIV / AIDS, Denpasar

Adesão de adolescentes à vacinação contra o Papilomavírus Humano em um município da Região Sul do Brasil

Justificativa e objetivo: O Papilomavírus Humano causa uma das infecções sexualmente transmissível mais frequentes no mundo, sendo o principal fator de risco para o desenvolvimento do câncer do colo do útero. A prevenção primária é realizada com a vacinação contra o HPV e o uso de preservativo nas relações sexuais. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o índice de adesão à vacinação contra o Papilomavírus humano disponibilizada pelo SUS, em Santo Ângelo, Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: estudo descritivo quantitativo de dados secundários coletados do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde, período de 2014-2017. Resultados: em 2014 e 2015, adesão das meninas à primeira dose foi 87,55% e 71,97%, e segunda dose 47,95% e 47,91%, respectivamente. Em 2016 e 2017 foi 13,67% e 16,64% (primeira dose) e 7,92% e 12,77% (segunda dose), respectivamente. Para 2017, os meninos tiveram adesão de 25,75% na primeira dose e 5,24% na segunda dose. Conclusão: concluímos que a meta do Ministério da Saúde foi atingida nos anos de 2014 e 2015, quando disponibilizou nas escolas. Isto indica que a melhor estratégia adotada para uma maior adesão seria em parceria com os serviços de saúde com as escolas.

Bacterial Vaginosis in Pregnant Women Receiving Care at Maxixe Health Centre

Bacterial Vaginosis is a vaginal infection that occurs when there is a change in the balance of the vaginal flora with vaginal discharge, which may or may not have a characteristic smell, a decrease in vaginal pH, and it is one of the most common public health problems in Sub-Saharan African countries in women in reproductive age. Premature birth, underweight newborns and increased risk of HIV infection are some of its consequences. In Sub-Saharan countries like Mozambique, the real prevalence of this infection is almost unknown. Thus, this study was developed with the aim of analyzing the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women receiving care in the Maxixe City Health Centre (CSM) and identifying the risk factors associated with it. 253 samples of pregnant women attending prenatal external consultations at CSM were used in this study. Samples of vaginal exudate were obtained, stained by the Gram method and observed microscopically using the Nugent method to identify the bacterial vaginosis. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was 12, 3%, and the highest prevalence was recorded in the age group of 15-24. In this population, the inconsistent use of condom in sexual intercourse and multiple partners may be the risk factors in acquiring this infection. Therefore, it is concluded that the knowledge of etiology, correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment of bacterial vaginosis may contribute to a more comprehensive prenatal examination, aiming to reduce the rates of bacterial vaginosis and its consequences in pregnancy.

Analysis of HIV Transmission of Commercial Sex Wokers and Their Clients with Condom Use Treatment

A model of the HIV/AIDS epidemic among sex workers and their clients is discussed to study the effects of condom use in the prevention of HIV transmission. The model is addressed to determine the existence of equilibrium states, and then analyze the global stability of disease free and endemic equilibrium states. The global stability of equilibria depends on the vales of the basic reproduction ratio derived from the next generation matrix of the model. The endemic equilibrium state is globally stable when the ratio exceeds unity. The simulation results are presented to discuss the effect of condom use treatment in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS among sex workers and their clients. The results show that the effectiveness level in using condoms in sexual intercourse corresponds to the decreasing level of the spread of HIV/AIDS. We use Maple and Matlab software to simulate the impact of condom use.

Información, motivación y habilidades conductuales asociadas al uso del condón en la última relación sexual en hombres privados de la libertad

This study aimed to analyze the differences in condom use with respect to the level of information about HIV, and the motivation and behavioral skills to use condoms in males deprived of freedom from three age strata. A total of 1,104 males belonging to long-term pretrial detention facilities for adolescents (comunidades de diagnostico) and a social rehabilitation center in Mexico City were evaluated. They were divided into three groups using as criteria the distribution assigned by age quartiles, as well as the comparison between those who used and those who did not use a condom in their last sexual intercourse. A 3x2 factorial analysis was carried out and differences were found regarding the level of information and behavioral skills in relation to the age groups and condom use; however, there were no significant differences in the motivation. The results are discussed in terms of the importance of designing intervention programs for males deprived of freedom considering how the experience is related to the use of condoms in sexual intercourse.

Safe sexual practice in people living with HIV/AIDS

Introduction:The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in Brazil was modified with access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and prevention actions, reducing morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV / AIDS (PLHA). The promotion of safe sex practices is an effective method of controlling HIV transmission and superinfection. Objective: To evaluate the use of condoms in sexual practices in PLWHA. Objective: To evaluate the use of condoms in sexual practices in PLWHA. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach developed in the city of Recife, Brazil, in 2016, with 184 users of a Specialized Assistance Service (SAE). The study obeyed Resolution No. 466/2012 of the National Health Council, approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital Complex of the University of Pernambuco under CAEE: 17510113.8.0000.5192. Results / Discussion: There was a predominance of males (58.2%, n = 107). The age range ranged from 18 to 70 years, with a prevalence of 40 to 60 years expressed by 53.3% (n = 98) of the participants. The low level of schooling represented by the incomplete elementary school (44%, n = 81) and the unmarried (45.9%, n = 84) had a predominance of marital status. Regarding the knowledge about the path of HIV infection, 70.1% (n = 129) reported knowing the route by which they contracted HIV, with sexual intercourse being the most prevalent (95.3% – n = 123) . Regarding the use of condoms in sexual intercourse, an irregular use was observed for 17.4% (n = 32) of the interviewees. It is noteworthy that 17.9% (n = 33) stated that they did not maintain active sexual practice after diagnosis. In this sense, it is imperative to reinforce that unprotected sexual activity is a preponderant factor for the maintenance of the HIV transmission chain. Conclusion: The nurse stands out in the elaboration of strategies that allow the patient’s understanding of the importance of maintaining an active sexual practice with safety, contributing to the control of the HIV epidemic.

Determinants of Consistent Condom Use Among Iranians Living with HIV/AIDS: Implication for Prevention

Background: Individuals that are HIV positive can transmit the infection through unprotected sex. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of consistent condom use among Iranian people living with HIV/AIDS as one of the most stigmatized and hard-to-access groups in this country. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tehran, Iran. A total of 400 heterosexuals living with HIV/AIDS were sampled from 5 behavioral consulting centers through a purposive sampling method. Data were collected through an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Bivariate logistic regression, chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression model were used as the statistical models in this study. Results: Of all 400 participants, 240 (60%) were men. The mean age was 34.7 for both sexes. During the past year, 335 (83.7%) were sexually active and 269 (67.9%) reported never having used a condom. Consistent condom use (always using condom in sexual intercourse) was reported by 67 (16.7%) of the participants. Consistent condom use was significantly associated with participation in HIV prevention courses (P = 0.003), knowledge of unsafe sex consequences (P = 0.017), condom use as a dual protection method (P = 0.0001), having a HIV-positive sexual partner (P = 0.0001), as well as being in a regular sexual relationship (P = 0.005). Conclusions: Development and improvement of the HIV prevention programs seems necessary to control the transmission of HIV in each community. However, results of the present study emphasize the importance of more attention to some specific programs such as prevention of mother-to-child transmission as a result of the willingness of Iranian people living with HIV/AIDS to child bearing. In addition, more attention should be paid to women as the more vulnerable part of the community to better prevent and control HIV in Iran.

Sexual behavior of migrant workers in Shanghai, China.

BackgroundRapid urbanization of China has resulted in significant domestic migration. The purpose of the present study was to survey the sexual behavior of migrant workers in Shanghai and determine the risk factors for unprotected sex.MethodsA cross-sectional study of the sexual behavior of 5996 migrant workers was conducted in 7 administrative regions of Shanghai in 2012 from August to October. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data.ResultsFive thousand seven hundred seventy two out of the 5996 migrants enrolled into the present study were primarily young adults aged 34.3 ± 10.6 years. Of them, 73.5 % were married, 51.1 % graduated from junior high school, 46.0 % earned 1500–2500 yuan (RMB) monthly. The majority (82.3 %) of the migrants engaged in sexual behavior, and 58.0 % did not use condoms in sexual intercourse. Some of the participants (15.2 %) had casual extramarital partners within the previous 12 months; among them, 76.2 % never or only occasionally used condoms. The results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that condom use was associated with age, occupation, monthly income, education, and housing conditions. Having temporary sexual partners was significantly associated with several factors such as unmarried (OR: 0.47, 95 % CI: 0.38–0.57), working at domestic (OR: 1.65,95 % CI: 1.17–2.34), working at wholesale/retail(OR: 1.65, 95 % CI: 1.13–2.13), and male migrants (OR: 2.37, 95 % CI: 1.96–2.85), but not with other factors such as age, monthly income, or education. Having casual extramarital partners was significantly associated with female migrants working at domestic (OR: 1.89, 95 % CI: 1.09–3.28), unmarried male migrants (OR: 0.51, 95 % CI: 0.36–0.74).ConclusionCloser attention should be paid to sexual health education among migrant workers, especially women and those working in domestic and wholesale/retail occupations. The use of condoms should be promoted for older (>35 y), low-income, and less-educated individuals.

Estudo Observacional sobre HIV/AIDS em Indivíduos entre 13 e 19 Anos do Município de Maringá

Com o início cada vez mais precoce da vida sexual, os adolescentes são considerados um grupo com alto risco de exposição às doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, sendo crescente o número de casos notificados anualmente na faixa etária entre 13 e 19 anos. Assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi analisar o nível de conhecimento e prevenção de HIV em jovens entre 13 a 19 anos da região metropolitana de Maringá – Paraná. Os dados foram obtidos a partir da aplicação de um questionário contendo nove questões com dados sociodemográficos, características comportamentais e sexuais, características e fatores de risco para aquisição de DSTs. A pesquisa foi realizada com 200 participantes, sendo 44% do sexo masculino e 56% do sexo feminino. Dos entrevistados, 57% relataram ter vida sexual ativa e, destes, 50% declararam fazer uso de preservativo regularmente. Constatou-se que apenas 13,5% dos entrevistados responderam corretamente sobre as diferentes formas de transmissão do HIV, sendo maior o conhecimento em relação à transmissão por sexo e sangue. Observational Study on HIV/AIDS in 13-19-Year-Old Patients in Maringá, Brazil ABSTRACT: Owing to increasingly early sexual activities, adolescents are a high risk group exposed to sexually transmitted diseases. In fact, there is an annual increase in notified cases for 13 – 19-year olds. Current analysis investigates information and prevention levels of HIV in 13 – 19-year-old young people in the metropolitan region of Maringá PR Brazil. Data were retrieved from a nine-question questionnaire comprising sociodemographic data, behavioral and sexual characteristics, characteristics and risk factors for STDs. Further, 57% of the 200 interviewed, 44% males and 56% females, reported an active sexual behavior, whereas 50% admitted the regular use of the condom in sexual intercourse. Only 13.5% of the interviewed people replied correctly to questions on the different HIV transmission forms, with a better knowledge on its transmission by intercourse and blood.

Perception of health professionals about the prevention of the AIDS epidemic in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil (1986-2006)

Socio-historical research whose aim was to know the perception of health professionals about AIDS epidemic prevention from 1986 to 2006. They worked in a reference hospital for infectious and contagious diseases. The data was collected from March to October 2011, using the oral story technique, and the subjects were twenty-three health professionals who looked after people suffering from Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome during the above mentioned period. The content analysis described by Bardin was used and two categories came up: the need for preventive strategies and the lack of using condoms. The results showed that the health professionals' perception about AIDS prevention was bad due to: the media fragility, the health professionals' actions regarding preventive strategies and the trivialization of the preventive measures by the society, by not using condoms in sexual intercourse. We concluded that ignoring the disease led to slowing down the process of clarifying and preventing HIV/AIDS.

Young people's conception of HIV/AIDS and the use of condoms in sexual intercourse

The aim of this study was to gather knowledge regarding the conception of young people as for HIV/AIDS and the use of condoms in sexual intercourse. Survey conducted in May, 2012, at a public school in the city of João Pessoa, Paraíba, with eleven young people of both sexes. The chosen technique of investigation was a semi-structured interview. Empirical data were organized according to categorical content analysis, the following categories emerging: "AIDS: what young people think", "AIDS prevention methods" and one subcategory "Trust in the partner as a method for HIV/AIDS prevention". As observed, there is knowledge of condom use as a preventive method against HIV/AIDS; trust in the partner and faithfulness were also cited as preventive methods in both sexes. It is suggested that, when investing in national and regional proposals, not only social inequalities are to be considered but especially the local realities of different young people in different national scenarios.

Description of socioeconomic and demographic profile of young women vulnerable to infection by human papillomavirus and risk behavior in a school in Rio de Janeiro

Background: HPV is one of the main sexually transmitted diseases, especially among the female population. This is an important etiologic agent for the development of cervical intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer. It is considered a public health problem, since young women are the most vulnerable group to this virus. Therefore, it is important that the socioeconomic and demographic profile of these women and their risk behaviors are known, so that it is possible to contribute in reducing infection occurrences in the studied population. Objectives: To describe the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and investigate the behavioral sexual-affective aspects of risk of adolescents and young students from Rio de Janeiro/Brazil when tackling HPV infection. Methods: A group composed by 128 individuals susceptible to HPV—classified as adolescent women and young women who are students at a high school in one unity of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. The studied period was from May to November. A quantitative descriptive approach was used, in which data were highlighted in variables, divided into economic, demographic and behavioral characteristics. Data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and organized by descriptive statistics performed by simple frequency (%). Results: The age range of the young women who have the possibility of being infected with HPV was from 15 to 25. The focused family income among these young women was up to 2 minimum wages. The risk behavior detected in 37.5% of adolescent women and in 43.8% of young women is that these women never used condoms in sexual intercourse. Conclusion: The research showed that the studied women are vulnerable due to risk behavior practices that may lead to the virus acquisition. More focuses on educational actions of preventive measures regarding HPV infection should be emphasized, favoring a lower incidence of human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer.

HIV em mulheres de meia-idade: fatores associados

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has increased considerably among middle-aged women. In this work we reviewed recent studies aimed at identifying possible factors related to HIV infection in climacteric women. Several associated factors are considered, such as: climacteric symptoms, partner's change in sexual behavior in face of new drugs, negotiation for use of condoms in sexual intercourse, risk behavior for HIV, global self-esteem and sexual self-esteem, history of sexual abuse, use of drugs, stereotypes of sex life in maturity, use of antiretroviral therapy and approach to sexual function.

HIV risk of transmission behaviour amongst HIV-infected prisoners and its correlates.

Thirty-eight from a total of 42 known HIV-positive prisoners in the Irish prison system voluntarily cooperated in a survey of psychological attitudes, knowledge of risk behaviour, intentions with respect to future risk behaviour, and actual past risk behaviour. Of this group, 65% reported that they had put others at risk of HIV, since they became aware of their own HIV+ status. Only 16% stated that they would definitely not share their drug-taking equipment in the future and 32% that they would always use a condom in sexual intercourse. In general, psychological and biographical variables were not strongly related to whether or not the respondents had put others at risk of HIV. Nor were there any significant differences in knowledge of at risk behaviour between those who had and those who had not put others at risk. However, there was some evidence for considerable independence between risk-taking behaviour in the sexual and in the drug-taking domains, in that risk-taking in one area was not highly predictive of risk-taking in the other.