Conditions Of Military Service Research Articles

Legal features of the military justice system of Ukraine: theoretical and applied aspect

In the context of repelling Russian armed aggression against Ukraine, the issues of legal support of Ukraine's national security in general and military security in particular have become significantly more relevant. Among such questions, the question of the formation and organization of the military justice system of Ukraine is of great importance. The concept of the military justice system of Ukraine provides for the use of the historical experience of Ukraine, which is not limited to the Soviet period of the national legal system, but is based on the entire complex historical path of the development of the military organization of the state from the Cossack period, the period of the Ukrainian People's Republic, from the time of independence from 1991, takes into account the Constitution of Ukraine European and Euro-Atlantic vector of development of modern Ukraine enshrined in its Constitution. The concept of the military justice system of Ukraine should correspond to world experience, existing international standards of justice in the military sphere (defense sphere) and be based on the peculiarities of the national legal system, its regulatory, institutional and organizational components in combination with the peculiarities of the formation and implementation of the military policy of the state. A special characteristic of the military justice system of Ukraine should be a competent legal culture, which has signs of a strategic legal culture and requires appropriate training of specialists in the conditions of military service. A feature of the military justice system is the subject area of activity and legal regulation, which is the area of state defense, and if more broadly, taking into account the provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On National Security of Ukraine” – the security and defense sector of Ukraine. The analysis of recognized international standards and national features allows us to define the system of military justice as a legal system that has special regulatory, specialized institutional components and operates using legal means and relevant legal procedures in the security and defense sector of the state to ensure justice and military security. The issue of the formation and organization of the military justice system of Ukraine is subject to urgent decision in the way of introducing legislative changes and transformation of the Military Service of Law and Order in the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the Military Police, formation of the Specialized Military Prosecutor's Office in the Prosecutor's Office system, military courts in the judicial system, specialized institute of providing legal assistance to servicemen, reservists, conscripts during military service.

Reasonable Risk and the Exercise of Professional Functions as Circumstances Precluding the Criminality of an Act: Characteristics of Similarities and Differences, Features of Interaction

The article presents a comparative characteristic of the circumstance fixed in Article 41 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, excluding the criminality of the act: “reasonable risk”, and the circumstance existing in the theory of criminal law, excluding the criminality of the act: “causing harm in the exercise of professional functions”. The specifics of their interaction in the conditions of military service are also considered. The conclusion is made about the close relationship of these circumstances, which can be characterized as intersecting Euler circles.

Analysis of indicators of psychological qualities of military officers under the influence of factors of military and professional activities

The constant involvement of military personnel in the performance of duties in extreme conditions can contribute to maladaptation, a decrease in the body's adaptability to various environmental conditions, neuropsychological overstrain, and the emergence of persistent negative mental states in them. Therefore, the problem of forming the psychological readiness of servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine to perform the tasks of military and professional activity in today's conditions is urgent, because not only the effectiveness of the professional activity of servicemen, but also their personal safety depends on such readiness.
 The system of military-professional training of personnel is dynamic and constantly improving. A number of scientists claim that the most important direction of development and improvement of the system of military activity of soldiers is the development of certain methods and means that meet the requirements of the modern concept of the development of methods of military struggle, which are based on the formation of the necessary professional skills and abilities for successful adverse conditions of combat activity and military service.
 The question of forming the psychological preparedness of military personnel for actions in extreme situations, which are not only combat operations, but also certain tactical exercises, shooting with various types of weapons, changing the deployment and location of units, etc., remains relevant. It is physical training and means of hand-to-hand combat that can, to a certain extent, ensure the high-quality formation of the readiness of servicemen to act effectively in this or that extreme situation arising in the conditions of military service.

РЕФОРМЫ РККА И ИХ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА РАЗВИТИЕ СОВЕТСКОГО ВОЕННОГО ПРАВА В ПЕРИОД 1920–1930-Х ГГ.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the reform of the Armed forces of the USSR during the 1920s-1930s on the development of the military-legal branch of the Soviet state. Both historical and comparative methods are used to study the development of military legislation at the stages of the "new economic policy" and industrialization. The main directions of the transformation of the military organization are determined, which are interpreted as a source of transformation of the military law of the Soviet Union in the period between the two world wars. Attention is drawn to the predetermination of the legislative process by ideological and political principles and the general political discourse of the development of socio-political relations in the USSR in the conditions of intense intra-party struggle at the turn of the 1920s-1930s. The study is based of the texts of a number of normative acts, primarily the Laws on Compulsory Military Service of 1925, 1928 and 1930. As result, the author comes to the conclusion that there is a close relationship between the change in the doctrinal attitudes of the Soviet leadership and the adjustment of legal norms defining the order and conditions of military service in the Work-ers' and Peasants' Red Army. It is summarized that under the conditions of the monopoly on power of the Bolshevik Party, military law not only acted as an instrument for maintaining military discipline and combat readiness of the armed forces, but also performed broader functions, providing ideological control over the military organization of the state and being a regulator of social relations in Soviet society. The transformation of the mili-tary-legal branch is emphasized as the ruling elite abandons the radical course of initiating a world revolution and moves to build-ing a socialist statehood.

Recommendations to officers regarding the organization and methods of individual physical improvement

The peculiarities of the present, the significant workload of military personnel, the inability to methodically and correctly organize physical exercises contribute to the need to search for relevant directions, methods and ways of conducting individual exercises in various conditions of military service. For the effective performance of the human body, the physiologically determined interval between training classes is 24- 48 hours. It has been proven that in modern conditions physical training of the officers of the Armed Forces of Ukraine has developed peculiarities, namely: it is carried out mainly by a complex method with general training, special and preventive orientation; the subordination of physical training to the stages of professional combat activity; inclusion of cyclic alternations of content during a certain stage of professional combat activity. Reasonable formation of physical training of officers ensures further improvement or support at the required level of development of basic physical and special qualities, motor skills and functional capabilities. We believe that a comprehensive method of conducting classes, the subordination of physical training to the stages of professional combat activity, the inclusion of all physical exercises in a cyclic extracurricular program will allow to more effectively influence the formation of the physical and combat readiness of the officer corps as a whole.

Analysis of the incidence of COVID-19 in organized military collectives of various types

Against the background of the global spread of the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, the prevention of infections with airborne mechanisms of transmission has become a priority in the Armed Forces. The development of effective COVID-19 prevention measures requires consideration of the peculiarities of military service and everyday life due to the inability of organized military collectives to comply with the requirements of the lockdown regime introduced at the peak of morbidity by the civilian health system. The patterns of incidence of COVID-19 in military personnel of the Western Military District in organized military collectives were studied in relation to the conditions of training and combat activities and the characteristics of military service. It was found that the dynamics of the incidence of COVID-19 among military personnel of the Western Military District in 20202021 exhibited a wave-like character and included four epidemic rises that coincided with epidemic waves among the civilian population. At the same time, from April to December 2020, the morbidity rate in military personnel was significantly higher than that in the general population, and from January to December 2021 against the background of mass vaccination of military personnel against COVID-19, the incidence rate in military personnel decreased by 50% relative to that in the general population. The effectiveness of anti-epidemic measures has increased significantly in recent months. The average number of patients in the epidemic outbreak decreased by 46.3%, the average duration of the outbreak decreased by 12.4%, and the proportion of group morbidity in the structure of the overall incidence of COVID-19 decreased by 19.8%. It is shown that the incidence of COVID-19 in various types of military collectives depends on the conditions of military service and the specifics of daily activities. The highest epidemiological significance of COVID-19 was detected in military units of constant readiness, as well as in medical and military educational organizations.

THE INFLUENCE OF THE EXPERIMENTAL PROGRAM OF PHYSICAL TRAINING OF STUDENTS ON ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICATORS AND FUNCTIONAL DATA OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

The problem of quality training of officers of artillery units of the Land Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine at the present stage of development of military equipment, tactics and operational art requires future officers not only a high level of professional training, but also the most effective development of physical and psychological qualities. Ensuring compliance with the appropriate level of professional readiness in conditions of high motor activity in combat situations and in stressful situations. Steady increase in the role and expansion of the range of tasks to be solved during enemy fire destruction, significant increase in firepower of means of destruction (range and accuracy, rapid fire, ammunition power) increases the requirements for professional training of artillery commanders. In peacetime and wartime, the military-professional activity of officers of JI ground artillery units is to develop standards for combat operations and conduct combat shootings, which requires constant maintenance of comprehensive training. Today’s educational process in the walls of higher military educational institutions urgently needs to be reformatted and practical professional and applied orientation of all its components to the new mode of study, conditions of military service, recreation, psychological and physical stress of cadets. This is accompanied by the adaptation of the youth organism to innovations, will affect the level of physical development and physical condition of future military professionals, which was a generating factor in the detailed study of this aspect. The purpose of our study is to determine the effectiveness of the targeted impact of experimental technology for the acquisition of military-applied motor skills on anthropometric indicators and functional data of the cardiovascular system of cadets. Material. Within the framework of functioning of the system of physical training of higher military educational institutions a four-year educational pedagogical experiment with the application of directed technology for acquiring applied motor skills has been carried out. According to the results of approbation of the author’s technology, the representatives of the experimental group (n=23) showed a positive (p<0,05 and p<0,001) positive dynamics of the parameters of the cardiovascular system, a more favorable reaction of their organism to the conditions of study at the higher military school and higher functional readiness to further professional activity. Results. According to the results of experimental studies with the directed application of experimental methodological influence in the form of targeted technology for the acquisition of military-applied motor skills revealed positive dynamics of functional indicators of the cardiovascular system in EG: heart rate at rest - 8.69 beats / min (11.76 % at t=4.73); systolic blood pressure – 2.61 mm Hg (2.21% at t=1.72); diastolic blood pressure - 3.26 mm Hg (4.17% at t=2.23).

ФАКТОРИ ВПЛИВУ НА ГРОШОВЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ

Based on the analysis of theoretical sources and the legislative framework, the factors influencing the financial support of military personnel are proposed. Four groups of factors affecting the financial support of military personnel are identified, namely: a) military, b) political, c) economic and d) social. These groups of factors are interconnected and based on them, the system of monetary support for military personnel is formed. However, at different times and under different conditions, a certain factor is dominant. Motives for military service in the Armed Forces of Ukraine were analyzed, and three groups of motives were identified, namely: a) professional, b) emotional, and c) material. These groups of motives are not mutually exclusive. Financial support for military personnel is state-guaranteed funds that stimulate qualified military personnel. It is determined depending on the position, military rank, duration, intensity, conditions of military service, qualifications and other factors. The influence of the financial support of military personnel on the effectiveness of their performance of official duties is substantiated. In modern conditions, the financial support of military personnel is one of the factors of ensuring the state sovereignty of Ukraine, as it has a positive effect on the number of military personnel, the effectiveness of the service of military personnel who directly or indirectly participate in the protection and defense of the country. Further research will be aimed at the further study of the financial support of military personnel, the study of the effectiveness of the existing system of financial support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, the development of recommendations regarding the new system of remuneration of military personnel in order to achieve the goals of the financial support of the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

Female military personnel in the navy - a paradox or a reality?

The reorganization of the Armed Forces, which has been realized for the last decade, touched over the sexual structure of defenders of our Motherland: one can witness an increasing tendency of employing women on military service.Legal equality of sexes doesnt allow to avoid the differences between the man and the woman, which are genetically conditioned. One of the actual problems of the Army today is the task of providing optimal conditions of military service for women. The realization of this task depends first of all on principal position of the commanders of all levels. This implies the necessity of hygienic education of the commanders under the management of hygienists with the aim of radical change of their attitude to military women.

Role Identity of a Serviceman

The problem end purpose. The article deals with the problem of the role identity of military personnel through the prism of the meta-system approach. Purpose: to propose a theoretical model for the formation of the role identity of a soldier. Background. Military role identity is a significant factor that affects the self-esteem of military personnel, as well as the willingness to perform their professional duties both within Russia and abroad. Currently, there are still many gaps in the understanding of the role identity of military personnel and its connection with the specifics of military professional activities. Most scientific research on the role identity of military personnel is related to psychological health or well-being, rather than professional role behavior or the effectiveness of role acquisition. Method. The metasystem approach allows to integrate various multifunctional systems and to consider the systems in interaction with the metasystem, which is a more general system in relation to the primary one. Results. Within the framework of the meta-system approach, it is possible to constructively explain the structure of the role identity of military personnel as a system complex of a distributed type, consisting of five hierarchical levels and formed in the process of interaction of a number of heterogeneous systems (culture, society and personality). Conclusion. These results show that a number of psychosocial and cultural factors influence the formation of the role identity of the subject in the conditions of military service. The constructed model makes a theoretical contribution by suggesting how these psychosocial effects can arise, interact with each other, and evolve.

Уголовно-правовое воздействие на военнослужащих в механизме обеспечения военной безопасности

The article is devoted to the analysis of special norms and provisions of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, reflecting the specifics of criminal law impact in relation to military personnel as a special subject. The article analyzes the military criminal legislation as a special criminal legal institution that allows differentiating criminal responsibility and punishment of servicemen, taking into account the specifics of their legal status and the tasks they perform in the conditions of military service. On the basis of the analysis undertaken, conclusions and proposals are formulated for introducing amendments and additions to the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in terms of the criminal law protection of military security and criminal law impact on servicemen.

О ФОРМАЛЬНОМ АСПЕКТЕ РЕГЛАМЕНТАЦИИ УГОЛОВНО-ПРАВОВОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ В ОТНОШЕНИИ ВОЕННОСЛУЖАЩИХ В УК РФ

The paper analyzes special norms and provisions of the RF Criminal Code reflecting the specifics of criminal law impact towards such a particular subject as military personnel. The author studies the nature, meaning, and varieties of special criminal law norms. The paper highlights the diversity of such norms and their presence in General and Special parts of the criminal law. In this respect, the author explains that these norms have a dual purpose: they are applied both instead of general norms and along with them, supplementing and specifying them. The author emphasizes the certainty, necessity, and reasonability of special norms and provisions in criminal law. The study pays special attention to military criminal legislation as a special criminal legal institution and a set of special rules and provisions that allows differentiating and individualizing criminal responsibility and criminal punishment of servicemen, taking into account the specifics of their legal status and the tasks they perform in the conditions of military service. The author considers special norms and provisions of the General Part of the RF Criminal Code regulating particular military types of criminal punishment and the procedure for their imposition (Articles 44, 48, 51, 54, 55), as well as the norms and provisions of the Special Part of the RF Criminal Code on crimes against military service (Articles 331–352). Besides, the study identifies close interrelation and interdependence of special norms and provisions of the criminal law with the criminal procedure and criminal executive legislation because they are the elements of a single mechanism of criminal law impact on military personnel, and only their combination ensures the effectiveness of such impact. Based on the analysis, the author formulates the conclusions and proposals to introduce amendments and additions to the RF Criminal Code concerning military criminal legislation. First of all, the author proposes highlighting the section “Criminal liability of military personnel” and the chapter “Features of criminal liability and punishment of military personnel” in the General part of the RF Criminal Code and abandoning the provision of part 3 of Art. 331 in the Special part.

Practical recommendations for prevention of development and progression of hypertension among the flight personnel of the Russian Aerospace forces

The article substantiates the relevance of studying the problem of early development and progression of hypertension among the flight personnel of the Russian Aerospace forces. The article analyzes the incidence of hypertension among aircrew in comparison with the incidence in the Armed forces and the population of the country. The article considers the most significant signs of early development and course of hypertension, which lead to early disqualification from flight work for medical reasons. The total risk of developing cardiovascular complications is assessed on the scale for assessing the risk of fatal cardiovascular disease over 10 years in the examined individuals with previously established and newly detected arterial hypertension and high levels of stress. Attention is drawn to the high prevalence of modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular pathology among the examined individuals against the background of occupational stress. It was found that people with diagnosed hypertension under the influence of a high level of professional stress are characterized by irrational changes in eating behavior, high prevalence of Smoking, increased alcohol consumption and low physical activity. In addition, stress-induced hypertension indicates a high risk of developing cardiovascular complications in the next 10 years and necessitates additional expansion of the range of measures for its prevention and correction. Practical recommendations for preventing the development and progression of hypertension among the flight personnel of the Russian Aerospace forces are presented. These recommendations are based on the analysis of the incidence of hypertension in flight personnel at the present stage, as well as the identified risk factors for developing hypertension, taking into account the specifics of flight work and conditions of military service of these specialists.

Polskie nazwy pojazdów lotniczych na podstawie Wojskowego słowniczka lotniczego polsko-francusko-niemiecko-rosyjskiego [1922

The paper is based on an analysis of names of aviation vehicles included in the Wojskowy słowniczek lotniczy polsko-francusko-niemiecko-rosyjski (Military Polish–French–German–Russian aviation glossary), published in 1922. The lexemes are examined in terms of the origin (whether they are loan-words or of Polish origin) and their structure in order to determine the rules underlying this linguistic process. Extralinguistic factors and events are also taken into consideration in the analysis, e.g. the development of Polish aviation, the social tendencies in the 1920s, conditions of military service.

Coping strategies and perceived stress in Russian army conscripts

The article is devoted to the search for effective patterns of coping with stress in conscripts in different branches of Russian armed forces. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the relationship between coping strategies and the perceived traumatic stress of conscripts (N = 118) serving in the Aerospace, Railway and Air Defense units of the ground forces. Significant differences in indicators of perceived stress and coping among conscripts serving in different types of troops, associated with differences in the conditions of their professional activity, are shown. Multivariate regression analysis revealed the existence of specific coping patterns that involve the rejection of ineffective strategies and the use of effective ones. It is shown that these patterns are not universal, i.e. the effectiveness of the chosen coping strategies differs among ordinary soldiers serving in different branches of the armed forces. Conclusions are drawn about the need to take into account the peculiarities of military service in specific types of units when training and psychological support of conscripts in ways of effective adaptation to the conditions of military service.

PROFESSIONALIZATION OF A MILITARY PILOT: A SOCIO-PEDAGOGICAL DISCOURSE

BERA Sebastian – Postgraduate student of the Institute of Pedagogical Science, Maria Grzegorzewska University, Szcześliwicka Str., 40, Warszawa, 02-353, Poland E-mail address: s.bera@wp.pl ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3698-2643 To cite this article: Bera, S. (2019). Professionalizacia pilota wojskowego: dyskurs spoleczno-pedagogiczny [Professionalization of a military pilot: a socio-pedagogical discourse]. Liudynoznavchi studii. Seriia «Pedahohika» – Human Studies. Series of «Pedagogy», 8/40, 229–238. doi: 10.24919/2413-2039.8/40.164466 [in Polish]. Article history Received: January 14, 2019Received in revised form: February 17, 2019 Accepted: February 18, 2019Available online: April 22, 2019 Journal homepage:http://lssp.dspu.edu.ua/p-ISSN 2313-2094e-ISSN 2413-2039 © 2019 The Author. Human studies. Series of «Pedagogy» published by Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University & Open Journal Systems. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).Abstract. On the one hand, the military pilot is a professional soldier, that forms a separate professional category, and on the other - the aircraft operator. This profession includes specific tasks such as defence of the fatherland and serving the community, readiness to devote the highest values to the country. On the other hand, he is an important specialist who needs to have psychophysical inclinations, knowledge and skills in piloting complex aviation equipment. The conditions of his service in the air are unusual for the functioning of a human. He performs his tasks in conditions in which a person is naturally not adapted. He is subjected to a strong negative impact of environmental factors: overload, vibration, noise, limited visibility, the execution of tasks at different times of the day and night, and the like. Moreover, the use of expensive equipment and the implementation of dangerous air missions often in an unknown area cause tension and pressure. The conditions of this service mean that the profession of a pilot is rather elitist, and the service is extremely prestigious. This uniqueness also leads to the formation of strong social connections and examples of behavioural patterns characteristic of pilots. The functioning of the pilot in difficult situations is included in the professiogram of the pilot. The pilot may feel in his service a situation of deprivation arising from the inability to meet important physiological, psychological or social needs. Performing tasks of different degrees of complexity and in different conditions can be a source of physical and mental overload. In order to carry out air missions reliably, he must often overcome the inconveniences caused by independent reasons. In turn, performing missions over an enemy area under conditions of service in foreign missions may suffer the loss of important values, especially health and life. The fulfilment of these tasks requires constant attention and concentration, accuracy of actions and the adoption of various important decisions with limited time. Sometimes conflicts and misunderstandings arise in the pilot՚s team; there is a disorganizing factor in his professional activities. A special burden for the military pilot is stress, which is the body՚s response to the destructive effects of stimuli and reactions imposed on psychological or physical requirements, conditions for performing air tasks, and the threat of attack on the enemy on his territory. In the case of foreign missions this will lead to a burden arising from remoteness from relatives and constant functioning in conditions of danger not only during the flight, but also in the conditions of military service on the land, where there is a threat of possible terrorist attack. Acknowledgements. Sincere thanks to the Board of Maria Grzegorzewska University, in the person of Prof. Stefan Kwiatkowski, Rector.Funding. The author received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Pobór, wcielenie, „pruska dyscyplina”, dezercje. Wstęp do badań nad historią społeczną służby wojskowej w stalinowskiej Polsce (1950–1955)

Artykul zawiera probe wstepnej analizy wybranych zagadnien sluzby wojskowej w Polsce w latach 1950–1955. Autorzy probują to uczynic przy zastosowaniu metodologii historii spolecznej. Przedmiotem ich zainteresowania są: pobor i wcielenie do wojska, szykany, represje i nieregulaminowe kary stosowane wobec zolnierzy w jednostkach wojskowych (nazywane wowczas „pruską dyscypliną”) oraz zjawisko dezercji (definicje, legislacja, skala, przyczyny). Podstawe ustalen stanowią przede wszystkim wojskowe dokumenty archiwalne. Conscription, incorporation, “Prussian drill”, desertions: an introduction to the research into the social history of military service in Stalinist Poland (1950–1955) An analysis of military files reveals that in the Stalinist period the mandatory military service was a mass social experience which abounded with conflicts and tensions. The conscription itself, and then the enlistment were conducive to the use of various social strategies that were to preserve young men from serving in the army. These efforts were often supported by their workplaces which appealed for a deferment for their employees necessary for the realization of their production plans. One of the main problems of everyday operations of military troops in Stalinist Poland was the prevalence of socially pathological phenomena. Both the regular officers and senior privateers subjected the young soldiers to harsh and even cruel treatment. This behaviour, involving harassment and persecution unrelated to the service, was termed the “Prussian drill”, and was officially condemned, although it was applied. Military sources contain descriptions of some cases, but it is impossible to establish their actual number. Conditions of military service in the Stalinist period, including cases of Prussian drill, were one of many reasons of some “extraordinary cases”, including desertions. Desertions were among three most frequent extraordinary cases (besides accidents of mechanical vehicles and unfortunate accidents) in the Polish People’s Army in the first half of the 1950s. Usually, they were caused by soldiers most freshly conscripted, who most badly tolerated not only persecutions but also separation from their home and family. Their relatively large number resulted also from a broad definition of desertion adopted in the contemporary law regulations that included acts by which a soldier did not seek to permanently abandon and forsake his duty of military service.

MEDICAL AND STATISTICAL INDICATORS OF MORBIDITY AMONG CONSCRIPTS IN ARMED FORCES OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS AND RUSSIAN FEDERATION (2003–2016)

Relevance.The conditions of military service, which significantly differ from civilian life, can cause health disorders in army conscripts that reduce the combat readiness and fighting efficiency of troops.Intention.Identify the medical and statistical indicators of the morbidity of army conscripts in the Armed Forces (AF) of the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation.Methodology.We conducted a random statistical analysis of medical reports on the health status of military personnel and on activities of the medical services (form 3/MED) from military units located in different military districts, branches and types of troops in which more than 60% of the total number of conscripts served in the AF of Belarus and Russia from 2003 to 2016. Counting and analysis unification of morbidity of conscripts was achieved using the International Classification of Diseases, Trauma and Causes of Death, the 10th review (ICD-10).Results and their analysis.The average annual level of the general morbidity of conscripts in the AF of Belarus was (2860.7 ± 98.6) ‰, primary disease incidence (1638.2 ± 79.1) ‰, the need for dispensary observation - (93.5 ± 9.5) ‰, hospitalization – (931.6 ± 44.2) ‰, days of disability – (8406 ± 327) ‰, dismissing for health reasons – (15.80 ± 0.64) ‰. The duration of 1 case of disability was (9.3 ± 0.2) days, death rate per 100,000 people per year – (35.06 ± 5.01). The average annual level of these indicators among conscripts in the AF of Russia was (1849.3 ± 55.7) ‰, (1026.5 ± 56.3), (125.9 ± 7.8), (916.2 ± 54.3), (10 173 ± 376), (18.32 ± 1.23) ‰, (11.3 ± 0.3) days and (45.41 ± 6.37) deaths, respectively. Data relatively independent from the human factor (hospitalization, dismissing, mortality) were practically similar. It should be noted that the curves of these indicators had statistically significant congruencies, which indicated the influence of similar factors on their formation. A quite similar structure of the military and epidemiological significance of health disorders is established for conscripts in the AF of Belarus and Russia. Traumas, poisoning and some other consequences of external causes (ICD-10 Chapter XIX) ranked first, diseases of respiratory system (Chapter X) ranked second, and diseases of digestive system (XI), diseases of the circulatory system (IX), diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, mental and behavioral disorders (V) occupied places from 3 to 7. Some outstanding features were also revealed during generalized evaluation: skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases (Chapter XII) prevailed in Belorussian conscripts and some infectious and parasitic diseases (ICD-10 Chapter I) – in Russian conscripts.Conclusion.Preventive measures against leading diseases will contribute to improving the health status of conscripts. Based on the established medical and statistical indicators, probabilities of specific health disorders in military can be calculated.

ПСИХОЛОГІЧНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ, ЩО ЗУМОВЛЮЮТЬ УСПІШНІСТЬ ЇХНЬОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В ЕКСТРЕМАЛЬНИХ УМОВАХ

The factors that determine the extreme conditions of military service are outlined; as well as the psychological characteristics of military personnel, determining their professional aptitude, the effectiveness of performing the professional tasks.

ROLE AND MEANING OF THE COMMANDER OF THE DIVISION OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CUTTING OF THE OFFENSES OF THE SEXUAL VIOLENT CHARACTER

The article is devoted to the problematic issues that arise in connection with the offenses of a sexually violent nature in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The social danger, which is represented by acts of this kind in the conditions of military service, is disclosed. Particular attention is paid to the role and place of the unit commander in carrying out preventive measures to prevent these violations. A brief description of the main activities of commanders of units for the prevention of sexually violent offenses among the personnel of the unit is given. The author of the article convincingly demonstrates that the commander of the unit plays a pivotal role in the prevention and suppression of offenses of a sexually violent nature. He should use the full power of the administrative authorities to prevent circumstances contributing to the offenses analyzed, to show a pattern of correct attitude to female servicemen and to strictly suppress cases of sexual harassment, hooliganism and debauchery against women.