Condensation Of Primary Amines Research Articles

Para-phenylenediamine Schiff base: highly fluorescent photostable solid-state organic dye

Schiff bases derived from the condensation of primary amines with aldehydes, such as para-phenylenediamine with salicylaldehyde, exhibit unique optical and structural properties ideal for photonic applications. This study synthesizes such a Schiff base, revealing its properties through detailed HNMR1, FTIR, and XRD characterizations. The compound forms a robust π-conjugated structure, showing a fluorescence emission peak at 560 nm and significant absorbance at 380 nm. A spin-coated laser cavity displayed a critical lasing threshold at 1 MW·cm−2, which could be optimized down to 0.6 kW·cm−2. Moreover, the compounds’ acceptor-donor-acceptor configuration raised outstanding nonlinear optical properties, including a substantial two-photon absorption cross-section of 2×10−11 cm ⋅ W−1·GM, enhancing its utility in high-resolution two-photon imaging and advanced photonic applications. Other nonlinear optical characteristics determined during these studies are the saturable absorption-induced nonlinear absorption coefficient (−2×10−11 cm ⋅ W−1), saturation intensity (2.5×1011 W·cm−2), and Kerr-induced nonlinear refractive index (5×10−16 cm2 ⋅ W−1). The combined linear and nonlinear optical properties, supported by sustained emission and minimal photobleaching under intense re-excitation, establish the para-phenylenediamine Schiff base and derivatives as promising materials for high-brightness, photostable organic light emitters, and solid-state lasers.

Recent Advances on the Antimicrobial Activities of Schiff Bases and their Metal Complexes: An Updated Overview.

Schiff bases represent a valuable class of organic compounds, synthesized via condensation of primary amines with ketones or aldehydes. They are renowned for possessing innumerable applications in agricultural chemistry, organic synthesis, chemical and biological sensing, coating, polymer and resin industries, catalysis, coordination chemistry, and drug designing. Schiff bases contain imine or azomethine (-C=N-) functional groups which are important pharmacophores for the design and synthesis of lead bioactive compounds. In medicinal chemistry, Schiff bases have attracted immense attention due to their diverse biological activities. This review aims to encompass the recent developments on the antimicrobial activities of Schiff bases. The article summarizes the antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antimalarial, and antileishmanial activities of Schiff bases reported since 2011.

Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activities of Schiff Bases and Their Transition Metal Complexes

Schiff bases are aldehyde or ketone derivatives that are made by condensation of primary amines and carbonyl compounds and have their carbonyl organization (C = O) replaced by an imine or azomethine organization (>C = N-). Schiff bases are a key ligand elegance in coordination chemistry and are widely used in a variety of fields. Metallic buildings have extra organic action than the relating ligands. Schiff base complexes in particular are particularly intriguing due to their stability, electron-donating potential, photochromic, optical nonlinearity properties, and biological interest. The coordination of Schiff bases with steel ions serves as the foundation for each one. With -NH2 and -COOH coordination sites, amino acids are functionally important in many biological processes and form Schiff bases that easily coordinate with metallic ions when combined with aldehydes or ketones. The majority of Schiff bases derived from amino acids and their metallic complexes exhibit specific pharmacological properties. This assess centers around research related with Schiff base buildings of amino corrosive subordinates throughout the course of recent years. We spotlight the antimicrobial, anticancer and cell reinforcement amino acids of a couple of Schiff base mixtures with nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur contributors and different metallic particles.

Facile imine synthesis under green conditions using Amberlyst® 15

Imines and their derivatives are of great interest to organic synthetic chemists due to their involvement as key intermediates which facilitate the construction of nitrogen heterocycles, particularly the formation of alkaloids. Imine formation by condensation of primary amines with aromatic aldehydes and cyclohexanone has been investigated under environmentally-friendly solventless heterogeneous catalysis. An array of different imines was obtained in excellent yields in appreciably short reaction times using Amberlyst® 15 as a heterogeneous catalyst. The latter was used owing to its high commercial availability, recyclability, ease of separation from the reaction mixture, and versatility.

Annellated 1,3,4,2-Triazaphospholenes-Simple Modular Synthesis and a First Exploration of Ligand Properties.

The successful use of 1,3,4,2-triazaphospholenes (TAPs) as organo-catalysts stresses the need for efficient synthetic routes to these molecules. In this study, we establish the [1 + 4]-cycloaddition of PBr3 to azo-pyridines as a new approach to preparing pyrido-annellated TAPs in a single step from easily available precursors. The modular assembly of the azo-component via condensation of primary amines and nitroso compounds along with the feasibility of post-functionalization at the P–Br bond under conservation of the heterocyclic structure allows, in principle, to address a wide range of target molecules, which is illustrated by prototypical examples. The successful synthesis of a transition metal complex confirms for the first time the ability of a TAP to act as a P-donor ligand. Crystallographic studies suggest that hyperconjugation effects and intermolecular interactions induce a qualitatively similar ionic polarization of the P–Br bonds in TAPs as in better known isoelectronic diazaphospholenes.

Green synthesis of Schiff bases: a review study

Objectives: Green chemistry is the field that implies instruments and procedures, by which it offers significant environmental and financial benefits above traditional synthetic methods. The modern attention in green chemistry has pretended an additional need for organic synthesis in which different reaction environments must locate, which decreases the use of toxic organic solvents or toxic chemicals.These green methods must enhance the selectivity, shorten reaction time, and make the products isolation simpler than the ordinary routes. In the 19th century, Hugo Schiff recorded the first synthesis of Schiff bases (imines). A Schiff base is considered as an aldehyde with a C=N group (azomethine group) in steed of the C=O group, It is normally produced by condensation of primary amines with aldehydes. Schiff bases entertain many important biologically and pharmaceutical activities and they are distinguished for their pharmacological action and wide-range applications in the food industry.This study tries to focus on the green synthetic methods used for Schiff bases synthesis, in order to find the best technique that offers higher yields in shorter time within eco-friendly environment.Conclusions: The review considered many green synthetics techniques, from which the microwaves irradiation method is considered to be the best followed by the ultrasonic, natural acids utilizing and grinding methods.

A review on synthesis and biological activity of Schiff Bases

Schiff bases are versatile organic compounds, gaining importance day by day due to their wide applications. Schiff bases, containing imines or azomethine functional groups, are prepared by condensation of primary amines with carbonyl compounds or they may occur naturally in plants. They have lots of importance in industry and show numerous biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, etc . The wide range of biological studies of the Schiff bases are now attracting the attention of researchers which can lead to the identification of promising lead compounds. This review consists of the recent developments and various methodologies to synthesize Schiff base as well as their biological activities covering the last 20 years.

SYNTHESIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF NOVEL SCHIFF’S BASES DERIVED FROM 2, 6-DICHLORO-4-TRIFLUORO METHYL ANILINE

Schiff bases are the extremely useful class of organic compounds that are widely synthesized by condensation of primary amines with carbonyl compounds. Schiff bases are the appropriate compounds having unrivalled application in organic and inorganic chemistry. Schiff bases and their metal complexes are classified for their broad range of biological importance including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, anti-HIV and antipyretic properties. Considering the numerous applications of Schiff’s bases in various fields of chemistry, there has been tremendous interest in developing efficient methods for their preparation. In the present investigation, we have designed a modish series of Schiff’s bases via reaction between various substituted aromatic vinyl aldehydes and 2,6- dichloro 4-trifluromethyl aniline in presence of acetic acid. These newly synthesized Schiff’s bases were characterized by spectral analysis and all compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities.

Synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial activity of 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone and its Pt(II) and Pd(II) complexes

Schiff bases are versatile ligands, synthesized via condensation of primary amines with carbonyl compounds. In this study, equimolar amounts of 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde and thiosemicarbazide were combined and the Schiff base 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde thiosemicarbazone was prepared as a new bidentate complexing agent. The synthesized ligand was reacted with palladium (II) and platinum (II) ions yielding air-stable complexes. For characterization purpose, infrared spectra, mass spectra, electronic spectra, thermal analysis, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and 13-carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectra studies were carried out on the obtained complexes and ligand. The characterization data showed that the ligand acts as a bidentate coordinate to the metal ions through azomethine nitrogen and sulfur atoms. An in vitro antimicrobial investigation was also carried out for the free ligand and its metal complexes against four bacteria; Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive), Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium (Gram-negative) and one Fungi; Candida albicans, to assess their antimicrobial properties by disc diffusion technique. Antimicrobial activity of the prepared complexes showed higher activity than the free ligand.

Convenient Synthesis and Anticancer Activity of Bis(aryl)alkanes and Bis(indolyl)methane Alkaloid Analogs

An efficient metal free high yield method of synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes (BIMs) and bis(aryl)alkanes analogs in the presence of B(C6F5)3 by condensation of primary amines with pyruvates has been successfully developed. Some analogs of BIMs display good in vitro antitumor activity, screened by MTT assay. Compound 3b demonstrates the best anti-cancer activity against lung carcinoma cell A549 cells with IC50 of 4.52 µM.

An efficient one-pot strategy for the synthesis of 4- methylene-2-thiazolidinethiones in water

A simple and efficient, one-pot strategy for the preparation of 4-methylene-2-thiazolidinethiones has been developed. This protocol involved condensation of primary amines with carbon disulfide in water to generate the dithiocarbamate salts in situ, which coupled with 2,3-dibromopropene, followed by intramolecular cyclization to the corresponding heterocycles in moderate to good yields.

One-pot synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine-4,5-diones based on the reaction of N-(1-(4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-pyran-3-yl)-2-oxo-2-arylethyl)acetamide with amines.

The condensation of primary amines with N-(1-(4-hydroxy-6-methyl-2-oxo-2H-pyran-3-yl)-2-oxo-2-arylethyl)acetamides was explored. Thus, a previously unknown recyclization of the starting material was observed in acidic ethanol in the presence of an amine, which provided the corresponding dihydropyrrolone derivative as the major reaction product. Based on this transformation, a practical and convenient one-pot synthetic method for substituted pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-5-ones could be devised.

SYNTHESIS OF SCHIFF BASE METAL COMPLEXES: A CONCISE REVIEW

Schiff bases are a group of compounds prepared by the condensation of primary amines and active carbonyl compounds. The Schiff bases have a general structure RRʹC=N-Rʹʹ (where R, R’ and Rʹʹ are alkyl, cyclohexyl, hydroxyalky1, hydroxyary1, etc). Herein the different synthetic routes of Schiff Base complexes like, direct synthesis, in situ method, oxidation of coordinated secondary amine, amine exchange approach, metal exchange and ligand exchange reaction are reviewed. A concise survey of literature on the coordination modes of complexes of Schiff base ligands is also presented in this article. The coordination complexes have been successfully screened against different strains of bacteria where they depicted the potential antimicrobial behaviour.

Synthesis of 2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one derivatives

Three-component condensation of primary amines with carbon disulfide and dialkyl maleates afforded the corresponding alkyl (3-R-4-oxo-2-sulfanylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-5-yl)acetates whose structure was confirmed by independent synthesis and IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy.

APPLICATION OF METAL COMPLEXES OF SCHIFF BASES AS AN ANTIMICROBIAL DRUG: A REVIEW OF RECENT WORKS

Schiff bases are versatile ligands which are synthesized from the condensation of primary amines with carbonyl groups. Synthesis of Schiff base transition metal complexes by using Schiff base as ligands appears to be fascinating in view of the possibility of obtaining coordination compounds of unusual structure and stability. These transition metal complexes have received exceptional consideration because of their active part in metalloenzymes and as biomimetic model compounds due to their closeness to natural proteins and enzymes. These compounds are very important in pharmaceutical fields because of their wide spectrum of biological activities. Most of them show biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, antidiabetic, antitumor, antiproliferative, anticancer, herbicidal, and anti-inflammatory activities. The biological activity of the transition metal complexes derived from the Schiff base ligands has been widely studied. This review summarizes the importance, Scope and antimicrobial activities of Schiff base metal complexes.

An overview on synthesis and medicinal chemistry potentials of biologically active antimicrobial Schiff’s bases and its complexes: a review

Schiff bases are versatile ligands which are synthesized from the condensation of primary amines with carbonyl groups. These compounds are very important in medicinal and pharmaceutical fields because of their wide spectrum of biological activities. Most of them show biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal as well as antitumor activity. Metal complexes of Schiff base have also been studied for their biological activities. This review provide a summary of medicinal chemistry features of Schiff base and summarizes the synthesis and biological activities of Schiff bases and its metal complexes.

Review on Preparation and Description of Some First Series Divalent Transition Metal Complexes with Novel Schiff’s Base Ligands

Schiff’s bases are flexible ligands which are synthesized from the condensation of primary amines with carbonyl groups such as aldehydes and ketones. These compounds are very important in medicinal and pharmaceutical fields because of their wide spectrum of biological activities. Most of them exhibit biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal as well as antitumor activity. Metal complexes of the Schiff’s base ligands are generally prepared by treating metal salts with Schiff’s base ligands under appropriate experimental circumstances. Transition metal complexes derived from the Schiff’s base ligands with biological activity have been widely studied. This review summarizes the synthesis, biological activities and catalytic activities of Schiff base ligands and their transition metal complexes.

Synthesis and characterization of Schiff's bases of sulfamethoxazole

BackgroundSchiff's bases are excellent ligands which are synthesized from the condensation of primary amines with carbonyl groups.FindingsThe classical reaction for the synthesis of Schiff's bases in an ethanolic solution and glacial acetic acid as a catalyst was followed in the synthesis of substituted sulfamethoxazole compounds.ConclusionsSome Schiff's bases containing sulfamethoxazole nucleus have been synthesized and characterized. The present compounds are hoped to be applied in the photostability of PVC.

Synthesis of thioureas in ionic liquid medium

A highly efficient procedure for the synthesis of symmetrical thioureas by means of simple condensation of primary amines and carbon disulfide in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [BMIM][Cl] as a cheap and commercially available ionic liquid is presented. This procedure works for aromatic and aliphatic primary amines and give high to excellent yields of symmetrical thioureas without need for any catalyst or tedious work-up.

Synthesis of Bis(phosphonatomethyl)-, Bis(phosphinatomethyl)-, and Bis(phosphinoxidomethyl)amines, as Well as Related Ring Bis(phosphine) Platinum Complexes

The double Kabachnik–Fields condensation of primary amines with 2 equivalents of the other reagents (formaldehyde and a >P(O)H species, such as dialkyl phosphites, diphenylphosphine oxide, as well as the related dioxaphosphorine and oxaphosphorine derivatives) carried out under microwave conditions afforded the title products in 79–94% yields. The bis(phosphinoxidomethyl)amines were converted, after double deoxygenation, to the corresponding ring platinum complexes.