Split Tensile Strength Of Concrete Research Articles

Splitting behavior of polyvinyl alcohol fiber reinforced iron ore tailings concrete

To promote solid waste reutilization and reduce natural river sand consumption, iron ore tailings (IOT) are expected to be used in concrete production as a potential substitute for river sand under the premise of comparable material properties with ordinary concrete. In this study an IOT concrete reinforced by Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) fiber has been proposed and the slump and splitting behavior under various IOT substitution rates and PVA fiber contents has been experimentally investigated. Slump tests reveal that the optimal PVA fiber content is 0.1 % and IOT substitution rate is 60 % from the view of workability. Splitting tensile tests show a monotonous strength growth with PVA fiber content increase. The incorporation of IOT has increased concrete splitting tensile strength but the strength is smaller than that of normal concrete as soon as IOT substitution rates exceed 50 %. A regression model and Back Propagation (BP) neural network model have been adopted to establish splitting tensile strength prediction model. Compared to regression model, the BP model has exhibited better accuracy which is suitable to predict the splitting tensile strength of PVA-IOT concrete with PVA content less than 0.3 %.

Comparison of split tensile strength of concrete using basalt and granite as coarse aggregates

Comparison of split tensile strength of concrete using basalt and granite as coarse aggregates

Exploring the Impact of Alccofine and Quarry Dust on Compressive and Split Tensile Strength of Concrete

Exploring the Impact of Alccofine and Quarry Dust on Compressive and Split Tensile Strength of Concrete

Study on the use of CO2 to strengthen recycled aggregates and pervious concrete

Recycled aggregates (RA) are crushed materials derived from waste concrete or construction debris that play a crucial role in the recycling of construction waste resources. However, RA's irregular particle shape and surface cement paste adhesions limit its potential in pervious concrete applications. To overcome this limitation, the use of carbonation treatment methods to process RA and produce recycled aggregate pervious concrete (RAPC) was investigated. RA was subjected to a pre-carbonation treatment, followed by the production of RAPC mixtures using three slurry-to-aggregate ratios, carbonation curing, and two-step carbonation strengthening, which enhanced the physical and mechanical properties of the specimens. Then, the measurements including permeability coefficient, connected pore fraction, splitting tensile strength, and CT microstructure analysis were performed. A carbon footprint accounting system from "cradle to gate" was conducted to assess the specimens. Our results highlight that an increase in the slurry-to-aggregate ratio in RAPC mixtures results in enhanced mechanical properties but negatively affects permeability performance. By pre-carbonating RA, we significantly increase the pervious concrete's splitting tensile strength, up to 100%, and maintain the compactability while ensuring permeability performance (maximum 3.91% reduction for specimens with slurry-to-aggregate ratio of 0.3). The carbonation treatment method used in our study has ideal environmental effects, as it theoretically sequesters up to 58.12% of the total carbon emissions produced during the production process.

Characterizing the behavior of blended concrete incorporating metakaolin and quarry dust: an experimental investigation

Purpose This study aims to characterize the behavior of blended concrete, including metakaolin (MK) and quarry dust (QD), as supplementary cementing materials. The study focuses on evaluating the effects of these materials on the fresh and hardened properties of concrete. Design/methodology/approach MK, a pozzolanic material, and QD, a fine aggregate by-product, are potentially sustainable alternatives for enhancing concrete performance and reducing environmental impact. The addition of different percentages of MK enhances the pozzolanic reaction, resulting in improved strength development. Furthermore, the optimum dosage of MK, mixed with QD, and mechanical properties like compressive, flexural and split tensile strength of concrete were evaluated to investigate the synergetic effect of MK and quarry dust for M20-grade concrete. Findings The results reveal the influence of metakaolin and QD on the overall performance of blended concrete. Cost analysis showed that the optimum mix can reduce the 7%–8% overall cost of the materials for M20-grade concrete. Energy analysis showed that the optimum mix can reduce 7%–8% energy consumption. Originality/value The effective utilization is determined with the help of the analytical hierarchy process method to find an optimal solution among the selected criteria. According to the AHP analysis, the optimum content of MK and quarry dust is 12% and 16%, respectively, performing best among all other trial mixes.

Flexural and split tensile strength of concrete with basalt fiber: An experimental and computational analysis

The objective of this study is to create comprehensive multiscale models for predicting the split tensile strength (STS) and flexural strength (FS) of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete, with the intention of its use in the construction industry. To meet this objective, STS and FS data were collected from various academic research investigations. The collected data was further expanded by experimentally analyzing the FS and STS of basalt fiber (0.1 %, 0.2 %, 0.3 %, and 0.4 % by volume)-loaded concrete. The experimental investigation shows FS and STS increased with basalt fiber loading. The highest FS was 5.11 MPa (0.4 % basalt fiber), and the highest STS was 2.24 MPa (0.3 % basalt fiber). The collected STS (114 data) and FS (103 data) datasets were statistically examined and modelled using soft computing techniques. Seven soft computing techniques, namely Random Forest (RF), Stochastic Random Forest (Stochastic-RF), Random Tree (RT), Stochastic Random Tree (Stochastic-RT), Bagging Random Forest (Bagging-RF), Bagging Random Tree (Bagging-RT) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were used to predict the FS and STS of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete using nine inputs and two outputs. The accuracy of the models was evaluated using comprehensive measure (COM), correlation coefficient (CC), mean absolute error (MAE), root relative squared error (RRSE), relative absolute error (RAE), Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), and root mean square error (RMSE). The Stochastic-RT model had better predictive ability for FS, as seen by its lowest COM value of 0.121, and optimal values for CC, MAE, RRSE, NSE, RAE, and RMSE. Conversely, with a minimal COM value of 0.0279, the Bagging-RT model showed better accuracy in predicting the STS of concrete. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis revealed that basalt fiber length has the most significant effect on FS prediction, whereas curing time is the most crucial element influencing the STS of the concrete.

Performance Analysis of Self-Compacting Concrete with Use of Artificial Aggregate and Partial Replacement of Cement by Fly Ash

Artificial aggregate (AF), i.e., silico manganese (SiMn) slag aggregate, is a byproduct of ferromanganese and silico manganese alloy production. The utilization of industrial waste and industrial byproducts in construction has increased the aim of conserving natural resources to nurture a pollution-free environment. The current study examines the performance of the use of artificial aggregate (AF) and partial replacement of cement with fly ash (FA). The properties of fresh concrete, as well as the compressive and flexural strength and split tensile strength of concrete were evaluated. Seven mix proportions were prepared for M30-grade concrete. The first was a control mix (with 0% AF and FA), three other mixes contained varying amounts of AF (20%, 40%, and 60%) as a partial replacement of CA with AF. The average compressive strength of the control SCC was found to be 32.87 MPa (megapascals) at the age of 28 days, and after replacing 20% natural aggregate with artificial aggregate, the compressive strength increased by 8.27%, whereas for 40% and 60% replacement, it decreased by 4.46% and 12.55%, respectively. Further investigation was performed on the optimum value obtained by replacing 20% of CA with AF. At this percentage, cement was replaced by FA at (15%, 25%, and 35%) where at 15%, the average compressive strength increased by 7.41%, whereas for 25% and 35% replacement, it decreased by 7.47% and 17.19%, respectively. For SCAF20 and SCF15, all strengths were at maximum due to the increase in its density. The findings show that the development of advanced construction materials is environmentally sustainable.

Utilization of Rice Field Conch Shells as a partial substitution of Cement and Fine Aggregate for Split Tensile Strength of Concrete

Aceh is one of the provinces in Indonesia which has a very large area of rice field production. However, there are many pests that hinder agriculture in Indonesia. One of them is the rice field conch shells which has the potential to cause very high losses to the rice crop harvest. The aim of this research was to determine the ratio of the split tensile strength of concrete using rice field conch shells as a partial replacement for cement and fine sand against normal concrete by 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%. In addition, it was also seen the effect of immersing concrete specimens using rice field conch shells substitution in tap water and water collected from paddy's farm. This study used the ACI (American Concrete Institute) 211.1-91 and ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) methods. The specimens consisted of cylinders with dimensions of 15 cm x 30 cm, totaling 40 specimens with a design concrete compressive strength of 17.00 MPa. The curing of the specimens was carried out using tap water and water collected from paddy's farm for 28 days in the soaking tub. The results showed that 5% substitution of rice field conch shells in cement and fine sand using the tap water immersion method showed a 3% increase in the tensile strength of concrete in comparison with normal concrete. Meanwhile, immersion using the water collected from paddy’s farm method showed a decrease in the value of the split tensile strength of the concrete.

Plastic Coarse Aggregates with Low- and High-Density Polyethylene with Improved Shore Durometer Hardness as Partial Replacement to Natural Coarse Aggregates

One of the issues in engineering field is the massive demand of natural aggregates in building, which in some areas causes shortages in supplies. While globally, increasing production and consumption of plastic, which takes decades to decompose, is among the main issues that humanity is now experiencing as the world progresses. In this study, plastics with improved Shore Durometer hardness was looked into as a partial substitution for natural coarse aggregates (NCA) in solving these problems. The LDPE/HDPE plastic coarse aggregates were developed using the best ratio of LDPE and HDPE plastics by melting, molding, and forming into 5mm, 10mm, and 15mm cubes. The gravel substitution volumetric were 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, and 10.0% of the concrete mixture, respectively. When the density of concrete, compression, flexure, and split tensile strength of concrete were examined, a 5% replacement with 10mm size produced the best results. A lighter-weight concrete is evident between the controlled sample and the experimental sample when the best size configuration and percentage replacement leading to a 2.97% difference. In general, the compressive strength and flexural strength of (plastic coarse aggregate) PCA-based specimen is 20.23% and 3.78% higher than that of the controlled specimen, respectively. However, it was found that the split-tensile was lower than the controlled specimen by 2.72%.

Preparation of carbon fiber conductive concrete and study on its mechanical and heating properties

Carbon fiber conductive concrete demonstrates great potential for effectively removing ice and snow from road surfaces. This study investigates the electrical conductivity and electromagnetic heating effects of carbon fiber conductive concrete, considering different carbon fiber dosages and temperatures. Experimental and numerical simulation methods were employed to assess the material's performance. The results show that as the carbon fiber content increases to 0.38 % and 1.5 %, the compressive strength decreases by 19 % and 55 %, respectively, which is related to the introduction of more bubbles and the agglomeration of carbon fiber when the carbon fiber is added, making it easier to produce stress concentration when the concrete is compressed. However, when the content of carbon fiber is small, the tensile properties of carbon fiber itself can improve the overall splitting tensile strength of concrete. With the increase of carbon fiber content, carbon fiber gradually forms a conductive network in the concrete, and the overall resistivity of the concrete decreases, but there is a certain threshold. Overall, 0.75 % fiber is the best solution. In addition, the heating process is accurately simulated by numerical simulation method. The simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results, showing that the heating rate decreases with the increase of energizing time until reaching the heat equilibrium state. And the precise temperature distribution and change process that can be obtained through simulation provides valuable insights for engineering design.

Analisis Penggunaan Agregat Buntu Barana’ Sebagai Agregat Kasar dengan Penambahan Zat Tambah Betonmix Terhadap Kuat Tekan dan Kuat Tarik Belah Beton

Along with the very high demand for concrete, therefore the use of dead-end aggregate as coarse aggregate and with the addition of additives for mixed concrete can be used like concrete in general, The aim of the research is to obtain normal concrete with a compressive strength F'c of 25 Mpa, determine the effect of varying Buntu Barana' aggregates (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) and with the addition of I-3 Betonmix additives on compressive strength, splitting tensile strength of concrete and determining the relationship between compressive and splitting tensile strength of concrete using Buntu Barana' aggregate with the addition of concrete mix. From the results of the study, it was obtained an analysis of the use of Buntu Barana' aggregate as coarse aggregate with the addition of mixed concrete additives to the compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete. In this study, the compressive strength with 25% of Buntu Barana' aggregate is 27.46 MPa; 50% yielded a compressive strength of 27.08 MPa; 75% yielded a compressive strength of 26.61 MPa; and 100% produces a compressive strength of 25.95 MPa. In the split tensile strength with 25% dead-end aggregate, it is 3.28 MPa; 50% of 3.21 Mpa; 75% of 3.18 MPa and 100% of 2.59 MPa. the equation of the relationship between the compressive strength and split tensile strength of concrete with a value of R2 = 0.95375 and y = 0.9979 x0.34.

Review on effect of graphene oxide reinforcement on properties of cement concrete

The main drawback of producing concrete by traditional methods is the rise in carbon emission. Graphene has many remarkable features such as an eco-friendly concrete material, high elasticity; Elastic modulus (E) around 425GPa, tensile strength is around 1.3TPa so designated as 21st century material. This study investigates the effect of graphene oxide (GO) reinforcement to improve compressive and split tensile strength of concrete. The structure, TEM and AFM images of GO are studied. The GO was mixed at 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04%, 0.06%, 0.08% and 0.1% by weight of cement in concrete for various studies. The effect of GO to improve the compressive strength and split tensile strength for M20, M25, M40, M60,M80 concrete grades is worked out. The average maximum rise in compressive strength and split tensile strength was found to be 24.3 % and 51.9% respectively. The highest rise in compressive strength of 34.08%, 46.3% was found to be for M25 grade similar proportion concrete and M25 fly ash concrete at 0.08%, 0.03% GO. The highest rise in split tensile strength of 45.6%, 189.2% was found to be for M40 fly ash, M80 fly ash GGBS concrete at 0.03% and 0.1% GO. From the study it can be concluded that use of GO in various grades of concrete is effective to enhance both compressive and split tensile strength of concrete. GO dosages like 0.03%, 0.08% and 0.1% proved to be optimum dosages in higher strength achievement.

Interpretable Predictive Modelling of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete Splitting Tensile Strength Using Ensemble Machine Learning Methods and SHAP Approach

Basalt fibers are a type of reinforcing fiber that can be added to concrete to improve its strength, durability, resistance to cracking, and overall performance. The addition of basalt fibers with high tensile strength has a particularly favorable impact on the splitting tensile strength of concrete. The current study presents a data set of experimental results of splitting tests curated from the literature. Some of the best-performing ensemble learning techniques such as Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), Random Forest, and Categorical Boosting (CatBoost) have been applied to the prediction of the splitting tensile strength of concrete reinforced with basalt fibers. State-of-the-art performance metrics such as the root mean squared error, mean absolute error and the coefficient of determination have been used for measuring the accuracy of the prediction. The impact of each input feature on the model prediction has been visualized using the Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) algorithm and individual conditional expectation (ICE) plots. A coefficient of determination greater than 0.9 could be achieved by the XGBoost algorithm in the prediction of the splitting tensile strength.

Analisis Penggunaan Limbah Karbit Sebagai Agregat Halus Dan Silicafume Sebagai Subtitusi Semen Terhadap Kuat Tekan Dan Kuat Tarik Belah Beton

Waste carbide that is not utilized as well as other pozzolanic materials can be utilized in the contruction sector. Silicfume is part of the mineral admixture in the form of fine pozzolanic material, where the composition of silice is more.. waste carbide which is substituted for sand in the amount of 5% by weight of sand and silicafume which is substituted for cement in the amount of 10%, 20%, and 30% of the weight of cement. The test object used a concrete cylinder with a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 30 cm. The tests carried out were the compressive strength and split tensile strength of the concrete at the age of 28 days. From the results of testing the compressive strength and split tensile strength in normal concrete have 25.89 Mpa and 2.34 Mpa, then the variation of 5% carbide waste is only 26.04 Mpa and 2.87 Mpa, the variation of silicafume 10% is only 26.62 Mpa and 3.05 Mpa, and variations of silicafume 10%, 20% and 30% containing 5% carbide waste had a compressive strength of 26.72 Mpa, 23.78 Mpa, and 19.72 Mpa, as well as the split tensile strength of the concrete. respectively 3.05 Mpa, 2.97 Mpa, and 2.77 Mpa respectively. The relationship between compressive strength and split tensile strength of silicafume concrete and waste carbide is obtained from the equation R2 = 1 where Y = 0,99971x0,34 MPa

Treated Waste Tire Using Cement Coating as Coarse Aggregate in the Production of Sustainable Green Concrete

Waste tire rubber is one of the most concerning environmental pollution issues. With the increasing demand for automobile production, the rate of waste tire generation has also increased. However, these tires often end up stockpiled and not properly disposed of. This non-biodegradable waste poses severe fire, environmental, and health risks. Due to the progressively severe environmental problems caused by the disposal of waste tires, the feasibility of using such elastic waste materials as an alternative to natural aggregates has become a research topic. The main objective of this research is to investigate the changes in the mechanical and durability properties of concrete with the inclusion of waste tire rubber at specific contents. A total of 80 cylinders measuring 100 mm × 200 mm were cast with waste tire aggregate as a partial replacement for natural coarse aggregate (5% and 10% by weight of natural coarse aggregate). A surface treatment of tire aggregate using a cement coating was performed to study its effect on concrete properties. This research indicates a noticeable reduction in the compressive and split tensile strength of concrete containing untreated waste tire rubber compared to normal concrete made with natural aggregates. However, an improvement was observed when the surface of tire aggregates was coated with cement grout. Additionally, it was noted that the slump value, water absorption, and porosity increased as the percentage of rubber increased. Nevertheless, unlike normal concrete, the failure pattern in tire-mixed concrete occurs gently and uniformly, indicating ductile behavior.

The effect of variation in the length of water hyacinth fiber twisted on split tensile strength high performance fiber concrete

One of the weaknesses of concrete is that it has a very small tensile strength, which makes it brittle. Normal concrete has a tensile strength of 9-15% of its compressive strength. To increase the tensile strength of concrete, it is necessary to add fiber. The types of fibers that can be used in concrete can be either natural fibers or non-natural fibers. Various alternatives can be made as an effort to improve the quality of concrete. One of them is by utilizing weeds or weeds into useful materials. One of these disturbing plants is the water hyacinth plant, which is quite abundant and grows very fast. Water hyacinth plants consist of stems, leaf petals, which are rich in fiber, which allows it to be used as an alternative additive in concrete mixtures for construction. The purpose of this research is to try to apply water hyacinth fiber (SEG) 0,75% in high performance concrete (HPC) to determine the effect of the ratio of water hyacinth fiber twisted length on the compressive strength and split tensile strength of high performance concrete with several variants fiber lengths of 2 cm, 1,5 cm and 1 cm. The results showed that the decrease in the compressive strength of water hyacinth fiber-rolled concrete for variations of 2 cm, 1,5 cm and 1 cm were respectively 10,76%, 14,16%, and 18,76% of the reference concrete compressive strength of 45,42 MPa and the highest splitting tensile strength of concrete is in the 1 cm fiber length variation of 3,65 MPa which is 9.89% of the concrete compressive strength of 36,90 MPa. The modulus value decreases with the variation in the length of the fiber strand.

Experimental Study on Partial Replacement of Cement with Nano Silica

Cement is a building material made by grinding calcined limestone and clay to a fine powder, which can be mixed with water and poured to set as a solid mass. However it is expected that the use of Nano-silica in concrete improve the strength properties of concrete. Nano silica is used in concrete to enhance its properties such as compressive strength and tensile strength. When added to concrete, nano silica particles react with the calcium hydroxide to form additional calcium silicate hydrate, which helps to improve the concrete's strength. This can result in concrete with improved resistance to cracking and corrosion, and with a longer service life.An experimental objective has been carried out by replacing the cement with Nano silica by 0%, 0.5%,1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5% for M30 grade of concrete. The test conducted on it shows a considerable increase in early-age compressive strength and a Split Tensile strength of concrete on 7th day, 14th day and 28th day of curing. The final outcome of the project will have an overall beneficial effect on the utility of Nano-silica concrete in the field of civil engineering construction work.

Effectiveness of Polycarboxylate on dispersion of Nano TiO2 in concrete

The properties of Nano TiO2 (NT) have brought interest in concrete research because of the use of Nano material. The dispersion of the Nano material in concrete is one of the most traditional problems associated, the NT is one of them. The dispersion of NT significantly affects the compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength of concrete. Many researchers have adopted various techniques to enhance the dispersion of NT, this paper focuses on the study of the dispersion of NT in concrete with the use of the chemical process using a dispersing agent as polycarboxylate. In this study, the mechanical properties of concrete containing different percentages of NT have been considered. NT powder was used in ordinary Portland cement at 1, 2, and 3%, the constant water to cement (w/c) 0.38 kept same for the all mixes. The compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength increases with increase in the percentage of NT and with the use of polycarboxylate. The use of polycarboxylate (PCE) shows the improvement in the mechanical properties of concrete due to the improvement in the dispersion of NT.

Influence of Groundnut Shell Powder on Normal Concrete's Split Tensile Strength

Groundnut shell powder contains significant amounts of the chemical silica (SiO) to be utilized as construction materials. Through the use of groundnut shell powder, this study seeks to determine the split tensile strength of concrete (GSP). With a compressive strength design of f'c =21.7 MPa, the concrete mixture adheres to ACI 2I1.1-91. The aggregate of crushed stone with a maximum diameter of 19.1 mm. Portland cement type I is the type of cement utilized. With a variation of 0%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%, and 12.5%, additional material (GSP) substitutes cement in part. At 14 and 28 days old, concrete is tested for its tensile strength. For each modification, there are three cylindrical test objects, each measuring 30 cm in length and 15 cm in diameter. The split tensile strength of concrete was tested using 14-day-old peanut shell powder, and the results were 1,699 MPa, 1,840 MPa, 1,581 MPa, and 1,510 MPa, respectively. The findings demonstrated that concrete's split tensile strength (f'ct) was 28 days with a fluctuation of 0%; 5%; 7,5%; 10%; and the sequential 12.5% was 1,934; 2,170; 2.265; 1,958; and 1,887 Mpa. Following the findings, the ideal tensile strength value was at a variation of 7.5%, or 2,265 MPa, greater than 0% (1,934 MPa) of 17.11%. The age of 28 days was 7.5% higher than the age of 14 days (1,840 MPa) of 23.10% for the variation's maximum tensile strength. Compared to standard compressive strength test findings, the Split tensile strength value of concrete utilizing GSP is 6.83%

Using Random Forest and Random Tree model to Predict the splitting tensile strength for the concrete with basalt fiber reinforced concrete

The best model for predicting concrete splitting tensile strength using Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete (BFRC) was found utilising Random Forest (RF) and Random Tree (RT) implemented in this study. A total of 74 datasets were collected for this investigation from various academic papers. The entire data set is split into 51 training data sets and 23 testing data sets. The software which used for analysis in WEKA software. Cement, fine aggregate/crushed sand, coarse aggregate, water, superplasticizer, fly ash, Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete BFRC, diameter, length, and curing time are the input factors, while the compressive strength of the concrete containing BFRC is the output variable. Three performance assessment indices are used to assess the performance of the created models: Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Correlation Coefficient (CC). Containing CC (0.9889, 0.9579) and lower MAE (0.0886, 0.1842), RMSE (0.1430, 0.2406) for the training and testing data sets, the Random Forest was shown to be the best model for predicting the splitting tensile strength of concrete with BFRC. And by analysing the sensitivity it shows that the curing time is the most sensitive input among all the inputs.