Concrete Mixer Truck Research Articles

Construction 4.0: Industry 4.0 enabling technologies applied to improve workplace safety in construction

Industry 4.0, the new production paradigm, has been arousing the interest of researchers around the world, due to its potential for improvements for companies, however little has been studied of its potential in the construction industry. This paper aims to identify which enabling technologies of Industry 4.0 can be applied to improve job security in civil construction. The methodology adopted was literature review, followed by field study / research with interviews with specialists, to identify the possibility of improving work safety in civil construction, through the technologies of Industry 4.0. The results of this research showed that the main technologies listed were: (1st) 3D printing and drone, (2nd) Augmented Reality and Wearable sensors, (3rd) safety vest, (4th) Virtual Reality, (5th) Bionic exoskeleton, (6th) Building Information Modeling (BIM), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), helmet with sensors and smart helmets, (7th) Internet of Things (IoT) and finally, (8th) concrete mixer truck. The theoretical and practical contribution of this work is given by the presentation of technologies from Industry 4.0 that can maximize work safety in the construction industry, mitigating accidents at work, thus collaborating for the management of technology and innovation.

A Mechanical Treatment Method for Recycled Aggregates and Its Effect on Recycled Aggregate-Based Concrete.

Recycle concrete aggregates (RCA) consist of natural aggregates and remnant mortar adhered to their surface. The amount, size, and morphology of the adherent remainder paste influences quality aspects of RCA, such as their bonding potential with new cement matrix in an RCA-based concrete, as well as the concrete’s overall rheological and performance characteristics. The objective of this research was to study the effect of reducing the adhered mortar in RCA, by means of a mechanical treatment method, on the performance of concrete containing RCA at different percentages. The treatment process was conducted within a concrete mixer truck drum at specific time intervals, the effect of which was determined by means of image analysis, mass loss recordings, and circularity determinations. The effect of size of treated and field RCA, as well as replacement percentages on mechanical performance and durability of high and normal strength concrete mixes, were also investigated. It was concluded that the optimal treatment duration where no further significant removal of adhered paste occurred thereon was 3 h, and concrete mixes containing 3 h treated RCA exhibited comparable performance characteristics to those of the reference concrete mix.

Structural design of spiral blade of concrete mixer truck

This article takes a concrete mixer truck actually produced by an enterprise as an example. According to the functions of the three-part spiral blades of the front cone, cylinder, and tail of the mixing drum, combined with theoretical knowledge, the Pro/E software is used to realize the re-realization of the blade spiral. design. A spiral line that is more in line with actual working conditions is derived, which provides a theoretical basis for the design and modeling of spiral blades of concrete mixer trucks.

The Connecting Method for the Spiral Blades of Concrete Mixer Truck

The Connecting Method for the Spiral Blades of Concrete Mixer Truck

Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Coverage and Industrial Accidents among Concrete Mixer Truck Drivers

Industrial Accident Compensation Insurance Coverage and Industrial Accidents among Concrete Mixer Truck Drivers

AUTOMATION METHOD OF THE CONCRETE REDOSAGE PROCESS IN CONCRETE BUSINESS UNIT

Mixing concrete is a standardized material whose consistency is measured by the slump, which has a previously defined acceptability range, but not always respected in the tacing water redosage by the mixer operator, causing material losses, when returned by the construction team, or structural problems, by reducing of a final strenght due water excess. Thus, in this article we will evaluate the new technologies for slump characterization, in order to developer an automation mechanism with the use of sensor and internet of things, capable of ensuring the material properties. In this sense, we used the Works of Amziane et al (2005) and Palazzo et al (1989), as well as NBR 7212 (2012) and others developed within this área. Preliminary studies point to the possibility of using sensors inside concrete plant, installed in concrete mixer truck, in order to obtain reliable slump results.

Influences of roller diameter error on the mechanical properties and fatigue life for the main bearing of rotating drum in concrete mixing truck

A concrete mixing truck rotating drum's supporting main bearing (RDSMB) is usually a double row spherical roller bearing (SRB). In actual manufacturing, the roller diameter inevitably has a certain error, this error should have a great influence on the mechanical properties and fatigue life of the bearing. In this paper, the RDSMB of a certain type of concrete mixing truck is studied. The calculating equations are established to get the radial load and axial load acting on the main bearing. A mechanical model for SRB has been derived through the force analysis considering radial load, axial load, inner ring tilting angle and roller diameter error. The effects of single roller diameter error and random distribution errors of two rows of rollers on the axis orbit, roller maximum load, roller load experience and the fatigue life of RDSMB are studied. A series of influence relationship curves are obtained and analysed.

Influences of roller diameter error on the mechanical properties and fatigue life for the main bearing of rotating drum in concrete mixing truck

Influences of roller diameter error on the mechanical properties and fatigue life for the main bearing of rotating drum in concrete mixing truck

Concrete mixing truck as a rheometer

An increasing interest has emerged in correlating the output of the concrete mixing truck to values obtained by rotational rheometers. The output of the former has usually been the hydraulic pressure needed to turn the drum. In such research, experimental errors can be higher than usual, which makes it harder to obtain confident relationships. To better understand the physical characteristics of the truck's rheological values, the above analysis is made by a series of computer simulations (i.e. with CFD). From this, it is evident that the slope H of the truck's pressure values depends both on the plastic viscosity μ as well as on the yield stress τ0. However, for the intercept G of the truck's values, it is mostly dependent on the yield stress τ0. In addition to this, both values H and G depend on volume of concrete in the truck as well as on density.

Means to Enhance Operating Efficiency of the Concrete Mixer Trucks with the Purpose of Highly-Homogeneous Concrete Mix Preparation

Option shall be considered to create concrete mixer trucks for preparation not only of high-flow but also of low-slump and dry type concrete mixes. With these aims it is offered to transfer operation to the cascade mode being characterised by combination of two principles on concrete mix preparation: gravitational and forced action.Design solution of the concrete mixer truck of gravitational-forced operation with spiral-blade shaft has allowed to liquidate available free places in the drum. The dependencies for calculation and arrangement of mix particles motion in the workspace of the machine drum are provided. Graphic performance confirms the absence of free zones.There is description of dependency for determining the homogeneity degree obtained on the basis of the experimental investigation findings.

Mechanics analysis for the main bearing of the rotating drum in the concrete mixing truck

The main bearing of the rotating drum (MBRD) used in a concrete mixing truck is usually a double row spherical roller bearing. The forces of the bearing are affected by many factors when working, and it is difficult to calculate the roller load. In the past, the researches on the mechanical properties of this specially used bearing are few. In this paper, the main bearing of the rotating drum of a certain type of concrete mixing truck is studied. A method for calculating the concrete distribution pattern in the rotary drum is developed with considering the different rotating speeds, incline angles and concrete liquid levels. Then, the force balance equations are established to get the radial load and axial load acting on the main bearing. A mechanical model for MBRD has been derived with considering bearing’s radial load, axial load and inner ring tilting angle. The effects of mixing drum’s rotating speed and inner ring tilting angle on the radial displacement, axis center orbit and rollers loads of MBRD are studied when the mixing drum is empty. The effects of mixing drum’s rotating speed, concrete liquid level, rotating drum’s incline angle and bearing’s inner ring tilting angle on MBRD’s radial displacement, axis center orbit, rollers loads are also studied when the mixing drum is filled with concrete. A series of relationship curves are obtained and analyzed.

Calculating method of the fatigue life for the main supporting bearing of mixing drum in concrete mixing truck when considering drum’s vibration

It has been observed that there are many studies focusing on the vibration properties of bearings caused by manufacturing errors, assembly related errors, out-of-balance rotor rotation, cage instability, etc. But there are fewer research studies on the effect of rotor’s vibration on double-row rolling element bearings’ mechanical properties. In this paper, a calculating method has been established for bearing’s roller load and fatigue life when considering rotor’s vibration. And this model is applied to study the main supporting bearing of the mixing drum of a certain type of concrete mixing truck with the consideration of the mixing drum’s vibration. The effects of rotating speed, inclination angle, concrete liquid level, and rolling wheels’ supporting position on the roller load and bearing’s fatigue life are studied with a specific example with and without considering the mixing drum’s vibration. Results show that with the increase in the rotating speed, the bearing roller’s maximum load decreases, while the fatigue life of main supporting bearing increases. With the decrease of the concrete liquid level, there is increase in the inclination angle and the movement of rolling wheel from left to right, and the bearing roller’s maximum load increases, while the fatigue life of main supporting bearing decreases. The changes of the mixing drum’s inclination angle have tremendous effect on bearing’s fatigue life, while the change in the rolling wheel’s supporting position has little influence on the fatigue life of the main supporting bearing. When considering the mixing drum’s vibration, the roller’s maximum load is larger than that without considering mixing drum’s vibration, while the fatigue life of the main supporting bearing is shorter than that without considering mixing drum’s vibration.

The Strength Analysis of Differential Planetary Gears of Gearbox for Concrete Mixer Truck

The power train of mixer gearbox for concrete mixer truck includes differential planetary gears to get large reduction ratio for operating mixer a drum and simple structure. The planetary gears are very important part of a mixer gearbox where strength problems namely gear bending stress, gear compressive stress and scoring failure are the main concern. In the present study, calculating specifications of the differential planetary gears and analyzing the gear bending and compressive stresses as well as scoring factor of the differential planetary gears gearbox for an optimal design of the mixer gearbox in respect to cost and reliability are investigated. The analyses of actual gear bending and compressive stresses of the differential planetary gears using Lewes & Hertz equation and verifications of the calculated specifications of the differential planetary gears evaluate the results with the data of allowable bending and compressive stress from the Stress-No. of cycles curves of gears. In addition, we also analyze actual gear scoring factor as well as evaluate the possibility of scoring failure of the differential planetary gear.

3D reconstruction of a concrete mixer truck for training object detectors

Abstract Vision-based monitoring methods have been actively studied in the construction industry because they can be used to automatically generate information related to progress, productivity, and safety. Object detection is essentially used in such monitoring methods to infer jobsite context. However, as many classes of construction entities exist in a job site, large amounts of image data are required to train a detection algorithm to detect each class object in images. Although image data augmentation methods using 3D models were proposed, publicly available 3D models are limited to some construction object classes. Therefore, this study proposes a three-dimensional reconstruction method to generate the image data required for training object detectors. To use the generated synthetic images as training data, a histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) descriptor of a target object is obtained from these images. The descriptor is refined by a support vector machine to increase sensitivity to the target object in test images. The performance of the HOG-based object detector is evaluated using real images from ImageNet. The result shows that the proposed method can generate training data more effectively than existing manual data collection practices.

Study on the dynamic performance of concrete mixer's mixing drum

Abstract. When working, the geometric distribution shape of concrete in concrete mixing truck's rotary drum changes continuously, which cause a great difficulty for studying the dynamic performance of the mixing drum. In this paper, the mixing system of a certain type of concrete mixing truck is studied. A mathematical formulation has been derived through the force analysis to calculate the supporting force. The calculation method of the concrete distribution shape in the rotary drum is developed. A new transfer matrix is built with considering the concrete geometric distribution shape. The effects of rotating speed, inclination angle and concrete liquid level on the vibration performance of the mixing drum are studied with a specific example. Results show that with the increase of rotating speed, the vibration amplitude of the mixing drum decreases. The peak amplitude gradually moves to the right with the inclination angle increasing. The amplitude value of the peak's left side decreases when tilt angle increases, while the right side increases. The maximum unbalanced response amplitude of the drum increases with the decrease of concrete liquid level height, and the vibration peak moves to the left.

USE OF SELF-COMPACTING CONCRETE DURING RECONSTRUCTION OF THE BUILDING FOR THE ADMINISTRATION SERVICE CENTRE

Twophase introduction of superplasticizer additive influence on the properties of concrete mixture was researched. The obtained results allowed concreting of strengthening for the columns building. Herewith, 40 % of SP additive together with 12 % of mixing water were introduced directly into the concrete mixer truck at the moment of its arrival to the сonstruction site, with subsequent agitation of concrete mixture.

The Stress Analysis of Planetary Gear System of Mixer Reducer for Concrete Mixer Truck

In general, the gears of mixer reducer for concrete mixer truck make use of the differential type planetary gear system to rotate mixer drum smoothly on the initial conditions. The planetary gear system is very important part of mixer reducer for concrete mixer truck because of strength problem. In the present study, calculating the gear specifications and analyzing the gear bending & compressive stresses of the differential planetary gear system for mixer reducer are necessary to analyze gear bending and compressive stresses confidently, for optimal design of the planetary gear system in respect to cost and reliability. As a result, analyzing actual gear bending and compressive stresses of the planetary gear system using Lewes & Hertz equation and verifying the calculated specifications of the planetary gear system, evaluate the results with the data of allowable bending and compressive stress from the Stress-No. of cycles curves of gears.

ANALISA SUPPLY DAN DEMAND BETON READYMIX DI KOTA MALANG

As civil constructions are growing rapidly in Malang, readymix concrete is in a great demand. The writer intends to find out the capacity of average readymix supply of 4 different companies, the capacity of average readymix demand of some construction projects in Malang, and some influential problems of both readymix supply and demand. This thesis includes a qualitative descriptive study. Questionnaires were distributed to some users and producers of readymix concrete in Malang.The questionnaires result is average 117.5 m3/day capacity of readymix supply in normal production and average 200 m3/day capacity of readymix supply in peak production, average 92 m3/day capacity of readymix demand large scale users, average 45 m3/day capacity of readymix demand medium scale users, average 17 m3/day capacity of readymix demand small scale users, and some problems of less material to make readymix concrete and less concrete mixer truck unit to service users.Keywords: demand, producer, readymix concrete, supply, user

Determination of Calculation for the Shape of Blades Trace in the Concrete Mixer Truck

Abstract The article deals with a calculation of parameters of blades track for a concrete mixer truck, according to which the blades are placed inside a conical drum in the direction of the helix and are welded then. The issue dealt with is important for accurate determination of the shape of the blades traces according to which the shape of the shanks is drawn inside the drum and the blades are welded after their application inside the drum. The correct shape of the blades track and positioning of the blades in the direction of the helix, as well as the correct welding all affect the concrete consistency during its transport to the final destination. For automated calculation, a mathematical analysis based on theoretical review of the issue is provided in the article. The analysis is done with the use of differential geometry which is optimal for this issue. The results are summarized in a flowchart and the calculation itself is done in the programming environment of Turbo Pascal.

Technology of Production of SFRC at Concrete Plants

Currently, manufacture of steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) takes place in concrete mixer truck for floors mostly of industrial halls. This technology is suitable for low dosages of fibres (about 20kg/m3), which is determined by uncrossable price of deposited concrete (400 – 600 crowns/m2 for the floor in thickness from 150 to 200 mm). Totally realistic premise in future is, that SFRC will be used for load-bearing SFRC structures of aboveground objects. In this case, production of SFRC must take place in concrete plants at higher weight doses than 40 kg/m3 of fibres, to achieve the characteristics of SFRC, which bring effects to SFRC structures. In the paper, there are presented two examples of the production of SFRC in concrete plants. There is specified manufacturing process of production of SFRC in mixers with forced circulation, which is necessary to comply, in order to achieve a homogenous fresh fibre concrete and to minimize wear of machinery.