Concise Translation Research Articles

Reliability and validity study of the translated Arabic version of Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life Questionnaire II.

ABSTRACTObjectives:To generate a translated Arabic adaptation of the revised Moorehead-Ardelt Quality of Life Questionnaire II (MA-II), then to assess its reliability and validity.Methods:The MA-II was translated to Arabic by 3 independent translators. Next, a concise translation, developed from the 3 translations, was re-translated to English and was compared with the original questionnaire. Both the reliability and the validity of the Arabic MA-II were assessed in 144 patients struggling with obesity before and after bariatric procedures at Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Apart from the demographic data, both the MA-II and the 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36) were used to collect health-related quality of life (HRQL) data. The test-retest method and Cronbach’s alpha (α)were used to assess reliability and internal consistency.Results:Test-retest reliability exhibited an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.966. The internal consistency of the translated version was also high (α=0.812). A satisfactory correlation was demonstrated between the translated Arabic version and the 8 items of the SF-36. A significant negative correlation was also observed between the MA-II and body mass index (r= -0.5778, p<0.001).Conclusion:The robustness and sustainability of the translated Arabic version of the MA-II suggested that this disease-specific instrument is a reliable and valid tool for the measurement of HRQL in obease Arabic-speaking people.

Translation of al-Quran into Malay Language in the Malay World

The spread of Islam in the Malay Archipelago (henceforth Nusantara) contributed to the activity of al -Quran translation in Malay civilisation. The society started to learn about Islam and the syariah that encouraged them to be close to al-Quran and translate it into the local language. Al-Quran was translated into Malay language in many ways. This study is a study of text aimed at identifying the translated works of al-Quran in Malay language beginning from the 17th century to the 20th century and to investigate its design and chronology. This qualitative study takes a descriptive approach and inculcates the historical method involving heuristics, critique of sources, interpretation and historiography in data collection and data analysis. The research findings show that 21 al-Quran translations into Malay language have been produced since the 17th century in Nusantara. Most of the al-Quran translated works were approached by interpretive translation rather than literal translation. The design of al-Quran translation into Malay language had developed in line with the times, beginning with classical Malay language using the jawi (Arabic) script, until the modern Malay language using romanised script. The concise translation style was seen to dominate the layout of al-Quran translations into Malay language. The al-Quran translation activity was not without controversy, until it led to several works being banned from publication. The rapid translation activity shows the enthusiastic efforts by society in Nusantara in transferring religious knowledge into guidance for daily life.

О фрагменте монгольского перевода «Заново переведенных „Записей нефритовой шкатулки“ для разных дел» из Национального музея имени Алдан Маадыр Республики Тыва

The article seeks to introduce into scientific discourse a Mongolian-language text dealing with divination and astrological practices, and housed by the National Museum of the Tyva Republic (М-653). Materials. The Classical Mongolian manuscript text is a fragment (introductory part) of the famous Chinese composition titled ‘Jade Box Writings’. It includes 25 yellowish pages of medium size, the pages 7б, 9а, 9б, 10а, 10б missing from the document. The fragment comprises several sections dealing with astrology and divination. Results. The paper compares the Tuva-based text (М-653) to a woodblock print from the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts (ID no. F 145). The analysis reveals that manuscript М-653 contains a number of omissions (words and phrases), many lexemes having been essentially marred. The study concludes the Mongolian translation — as is evident from the title ‘A Concise Description of Chapter One of The Jade Box Writings Newly Translated for Various Occasions’ — is a concise translation of the Chinese original, the former missing quite a number of details, and suggests the Tuva-based manuscript is a copy of the Beijing Mongolian-language edition two xylographs of which have been discovered at the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts. The text introduced into scientific discourse is actually a historical document providing insight into household activities and worldview concepts of the 19th-century Mongols. The article transliterates the text, translates it into Russian, and supplements a facsimile.

Les contraintes du choix lexical dans la traduction des sens du Coran vers le français

It is a 43-page research that highlights the following topics: the Unique Linguistic Structure of the Noble Quran and the extremely precise meanings implied in its words and which cannot be translated by more than one single vocabulary; the problem and difficulty of translating the sacred texts and the obstacles hindering the translation of the Quran into other languages; and the role of the translator in selecting the words to be used while translating the verses of the Noble Quran, stressing meanwhile that creativity is embodied in translation, not vice versa. The research also examines the duals, i.e. the meaning/the style and the original meaning/the figurative meaning, highlighting thereby the importance of the point that the concise translation of Qur'anic word should conform to reason and context, which the translator should seriously consider during the process of translation. It furthermore projects the importance of selecting vocabularies in the process of translation, stressing that neglecting this point will eventually result in distorting the target text; the significance of considering the context while selecting the word to be translated; and how to translate the demonstrative pronouns, projecting meanwhile how they are precisely used in the Quran. We finally highlighted the point on how to translate some words used in reference to creed or in figurative matters. We concluded that the process of translation of the Quran is not an easy task, thus not anyone can undertake it.

Unique and concise system translation matrices for evaluating optical aberration variations.

New unique and concise translation matrices are derived for evaluating the aberration variations of conceptual and real lenses when the paraxial marginal and chief ray paths are arbitrarily changed. They are helpful in investigating the general behaviors of lenses and optimizing the balanced aberrations of lens components in prime and zoom lenses. These new matrices, with a dimension of 9×9 for monochromatic aberrations and a dimension of 4×4 for chromatic aberrations, are derived based on our earlier algorithms of which four cases with distinct translation factors and matrices are required according to the relationships of the original and new positions of the object and pupil; otherwise, division-by-zero errors or insufficient numerical accuracy will be encountered. As a comparison, the new matrices have several advantages. First, by introducing four meaningful equivalent optical invariants, multiplying the old matrices, and simplifying the new matrices, they have concise expressions to significantly reduce the calculation time. Second, they are unique and always accurate to apply for all kinds of object and pupil positions without suffering any mathematical problems, i.e., four separated algorithms are no longer necessary. Third, due to the unique property, the component contributions of original aberrations to new aberrations can be directly evaluated and analyzed.

The Combinatorics of Real Double Hurwitz Numbers with Real Positive Branch Points

We investigate the combinatorics of real double Hurwitz numbers with real positive branch points using the symmetric group. Our main focus is twofold. First, we prove correspondence theorems relating these numbers to counts of tropical real covers and study the structure of real double Hurwitz numbers with the help of the tropical count. Second, we express the numbers as counts of paths in a subgraph of the Cayley graph of the symmetric group. By restricting to real double Hurwitz numbers with real positive branch points, we obtain a concise translation of the counting problem in terms of tuples of elements of the symmetric group that enables us to uncover the beautiful combinatorics of these numbers both in tropical geometry and in the Cayley graph.

Antonin Artaud and Freud’s “Family Romance”: The Transgressive Sublime

Freud’s family romance and Romantic idealism conjoined in Antonin Artaud’s work such that repetition and transference became accompanied by a Romantic quest for a strange and more sublime aesthetic order. This was both a psychological system and a philosophical perspective that negatively and energetically influenced his radical and existential forms of self-identification.

أَقْصَى المُرَادِ بِشَرْحِ بَانَتْ سُعَادُ لأَبِي الفَضْلِ جَمَالِ الدِّينِ يُوسُفَ بْنِ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الحِفْنَاوِيِّ (ت1176هـ) - تَحْقِيقٌ وَدِرَاسَةٌ

الملخص : هذا البحث تحقيق لمخطوطة أقصى المراد بشرح بانت ليوسف بن سالم الحفناوي. وقد ترجمت للحفناوي شارح القصيدة ترجمة موجزة ، كما تحدثت عن حياة كعب بن زهير صاحب القصيدة اسمه ولقبه وحياته ومكانته الشعرية . ثم بينت سبب تسمية هذه القصيدة ببانت سعاد ، وأهميتها ، ومنهج الحفناوي في هذا الشرح ، وأهمية شرحه. وأخيرا وثقت هذا الشرح للحفناوي ، ووصفت النسخة المخطوطة ، ثم حققت النص تحقيقا علميا . Abstract : This study probes into the manuscript of Banat So'ad by Yousof Ibn SalemAl-Hefnawi. The researcher gave a concise translation of Al-Hefnawi, who is the poem's exegetist and talked about the life of Ka'b Bin Zuhair, the poem's writer, his name, title, life and poetic status. Then, the researcher pointed out the reason for calling this poem as 'Banat So'ad' and its importance and Al-Hefnawi's approach in this exegesis and its importance. Finally, the researcher documented this exegesis of Al-Hefnawi and described the manuscript copy and methodically examined the text.

A logic of universal causation

For many commonsense reasoning tasks associated with action domains, only a relatively simple kind of causal knowledge is required—knowledge of the conditions under which facts are caused. This note introduces a modal nonmonotonic logic for representing causal knowledge of this kind, relates it to other nonmonotonic formalisms, and shows that a variety of causal theories of action can be expressed in it, including the recently proposed causal action theories of Lin. The new logic extends the causal theories formalism of McCain and Turner, and provides a more adequate semantic account of it. A useful subset of the logic has a concise translation into classical propositional logic, and so can be used for automated planning and reasoning about action. A larger subset is closely related to logic programming under the answer set semantics, yielding another approach to automated reasoning.

Trapping mutual exclusion in the box calculus

The box calculus is a process algebra with a simple Petri net semantics. We show that it provides for the concise translation of parallel programs and for the combination of verification techniques from process algebra and Petri nets. This is done by proving some properties of mutual exclusion algorithms.

St Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae: a Concise Translation, edited by Timothy McDermott. Eyre and Spottiswoode, London, 1989. Pp. lviii + 651. £40.00.

Book Review in this Articles:ST THOMAS AQUINAS, SUMMA THEOLOGIAE: A CONCISE TRANSLATION, edited by Timothy McDermottPAUL AND HIS CONVERTS by Ernst Best. T &amp; T Clark.METAPHOR AND MODERNIST. THE POLARISATION OF ALFRED LOISY AND HIS NEO‐THOMIST CRITICS by C.J.T. TalarFAITH AFTER FOUNOATIONALISM by D.Z. PhillipsETUDES ERIGENIENNES by Édouard JeauneauSACRIFICE: ITS NATURE AND PURPOSE by Geoffrey AshbyHELPING THE HELPERS: SUPERVISION AND PASTORAL CARE by John Foskett and David LyallLIVING PHILOSOPHY: AN INTRODUCTION TO MORAL THOUGHT by R. Billington

Summa Theologiae: A Concise Translation by St. Thomas Aquinas, ed. by Timothy McDermott

Summa Theologiae: A Concise Translation by St. Thomas Aquinas, ed. by Timothy McDermott

Bib/Search: for text and structured databases

Bib/Search combines a full‐text database, a translator for downloaded files, and an output format translator. The package produces formal bibliographic listings in a variety of standard formats. A concise translation language allows users to define custom output formats and command files. The package includes about a dozen predefined translation files for popular online databases. Bib/Search runs on IBM PC/XT/AT, PS‐2, and compatible computers. The package sells for $385.00, and is available from Bib/Search. PO Box 20503, New York, NY 10009, USA. Tel: (212)477487.