Conceptual Paradigm Research Articles

PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS REPRESENTING COSMIC CHRONOTOPE IN THE RUSSIAN POETIC WORLDVIEW (including the materials from the dictionary „Phraseological units in the Russian poetry of the 19th – 21st centuries“)

This article is devoted to the study of phraseological units that represent the cosmic chronotope in the Russian poetic world view in the poetry discourse of the 19th – 21st centuries, based on the conceptual paradigm “human – globe – space”. The article considers the peculiarities of the system organisation, the originality of the concept-forming and style-forming functioning of the main components of the conceptual paradigm within the context of some particular poetry and within a certain poetic discourse, presented by a number of poems of the 19th – early 21st centuries in the dictionary “Phraseological Units in Russian Poetry”. The choice of poetry is determined by a descriptive and philosophically generalised expression of the concept. The biggest attention is paid to the way the main ideas, that are figuratively reflected in this poetic discourse, are realised. The considered phraseological units are grouped around the following ideas – anthropocentrism, immortality and life in eternity, posthumously reward for a person’s lifetime exploits, ascetic nature of inspiration.

Linguistic paradigms as cognitive entities: A domain-general approach

Abstract The concept of paradigm has been used extensively in many areas of linguistics throughout the past century, such as language education or historical linguistics. It is therefore quite surprising that paradigms have mostly been disregarded when it comes to cognitive language theories. Recently however, more and more researchers have started to advocate for the introduction of paradigms into cognitivist frameworks to be able to account for certain phenomena in language that would be hard to explain otherwise. But whilst there is agreement on which phenomena could best be explained through the notion of paradigm, there is a lot of disagreement regarding the way in which paradigms would be mentally represented, and how they would relate to the rest of the mental lexicon. This paper will discuss a few reasons to believe that paradigms are part of our grammar, present two previously proposed examples for modelling paradigms from a cognitivist perspective, highlight possible issues regarding their psychological plausibility, and explore how further research on modelling paradigms could be aided through an alternative domain-general approach which proposes that paradigms are cognitively equivalent to non-linguistic categories.

Exploring the cognitive effects of hearing loss in adult rats: Implications for visuospatial attention, social behavior, and prefrontal neural activity

Age-related hearing loss in humans has been associated with cognitive decline, though the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. We investigated the long-term effects of hearing loss on attention, impulse control, social interaction, and neural activity within medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) subregions.Hearing loss was induced in adult rats via intracochlear neomycin injection (n = 13), with non-operated rats as controls (n = 10). Rats were tested for motor activity (open field), coordination (Rotarod), and social interaction (including ultrasonic vocalization, USV) before surgery and at weeks 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 post-surgery. From week 8 on, rats were trained in the five-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT) to assess visuospatial attention and impulse control. Finally, oscillatory neuronal activity in mPFC subregions was recorded with multielectrode arrays during anesthesia, followed by immunohistological staining for NeuN+ and Parvalbumin+ cells.Deafened rats were more active than controls, whereas social interaction and USV were temporarily reduced. They also had difficulties to learn the concept of the 5-CSRTT paradigm and made more incorrect responses. Electrophysiology showed decreased power in theta, alpha, and beta frequency, and enhanced high gamma band in the mPFC in deafened rats, which was most pronounced in the cingulate subregion (Cg1). The number of NeuN+ and Parvalbumin+ cells, however, did not differ between groups.The behavioral deficits together with the altered neuronal activity found in the Cg1 subregion of the mPFC in adult deafened rats may be used as an endophenotype to elucidate the mechanisms behind the cognitive decline seen in older patients with hearing loss.

EAEU Role in the Evolution of Multipolar Structure in World Politics

The global political system is undergoing a transition from a unipolar to a multipolar world. Scientific discussions are underway regarding the emergence or formation of new poles in the world, including the potential development of a pole through the integration structure of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Attention is focused on the changing conditions of the global economy and their influence on the development strategies of regional integration associations. The necessity to adapt the development strategies of the EAEU to new trends, including the shift in the economic paradigm and the reassessment of the role of integration process participants, is argued.Aim. To justify strategies and approaches to building an economic pole based on the EAEU.Tasks. Examining various theoretical approaches to the concept of multipolarity, poles, and centers of power. Investigating interpretations of global and regional leadership. Analyzing the concept of regional leadership considering the role of the EAEU as an important element of the new world political and global economic system.Methods. Comparative analysis of vectors and development strategies of regional integration associations. The civilizational approach illuminates not only the key economic and political aspects of regional leadership but also the cultural and civilizational factors of regional integration. The deductive method and synthesis allowed for the formulation of new approaches to understanding the economic component of the EAEU pole.Results. It has been established that one of the possible and most effective ways to form the economic component of the EAEU pole is to consider the formation of a new technological paradigm in the Union’s development strategy amidst the transformation and transition to a new economic paradigm.Conclusions. Framing the EAEU as an independent pole, based on the concept of changing economic paradigms, implies a rethinking or establishment of institutions based on principles of non-discrimination, mutual respect for sovereignty and national interests, as well as the establishment of mutually beneficial relations with other states. Such an approach to pole-building is a key step in transitioning to the sixth technological paradigm.

New Conceptual Paradigm of Autistic Spectrum Disorder

New Conceptual Paradigm of Autistic Spectrum Disorder

Creating financial mechanisms for enacting the monotowns revitalization strategy

The article provides an analysis of a study focused on crafting financial mechanisms to enact the monotown revitalization strategy. Monotowns marginalized within the economic development landscape encounter multifaceted challenges, including demographic decline, elevated unemployment rates, and degradation of social infrastructure. Consequently, the formulation of efficient financial mechanisms emerges as imperative for their resurgence. The objective of this study is to formulate efficient financial mechanisms to facilitate the implementation of monotown revitalization strategies. This entails a comprehensive examination of the existing conditions within monotowns, encompassing the identification of pertinent challenges and potential avenues for development. Additionally, the study aims to devise financial strategies and instruments geared towards fostering both economic advancement and social progress within these locales. Scientifically, the significance of this research resides in the conception of novel financing paradigms tailored specifically for monotowns, thereby fostering their sustainable development. Practically, the research holds relevance in its potential application, as the developed mechanisms stand poised for utilization by governmental and municipal entities in the execution of monotown revival initiatives. Consequently, this investigation contributes substantively to the realm of regional development management and financial planning. Its findings are poised to offer utility to governmental bodies, corporate entities vested in the enhancement of regional infrastructural frameworks and the rejuvenation of monotowns.

Conceptual paradigms and theoretical problems in the medical definition of old age

Not available.

How to Read Donor Development Policies: Developing Aids for Reading and the Case of Finland 1993–2023

Since the 1990s, and accelerating with the adoption of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, the goals for development aid in donor-government development policies have proliferated. Goal structures have also become complex. It is, therefore, often difficult to read a given donor’s intentions from officially declared policy: what exactly it claims being committed to accomplishing with aid in recipient countries and through what means? Furthermore, when goals and means for aid are non-transparent, it becomes more difficult to evaluate or assess donor development policies as officially promised action plans. Related to but not identical to Hall’s policy paradigm concept [Hall, P, 1993, ‘Policy paradigms, social learning, and the state: The case of economic policymaking in Britain’, Comparative Politics, Vol. 25, No. 3, pp. 275–296] this study aims to develop an analytical framework for reconstructing given donor’s aid logic of goals and means. The framework keeps attention on tracking everywhere two elementary answers from direct or implied statements in official policy documents: what change or changes exactly a given donor claims to promote in recipient countries and through what actions or measures? With interest in Finnish development policies, all the main policy documents for three decades (1993–2023) were analysed. The finding was an apparently enduring core of policy understanding used in Finnish development policies, giving similar stated logic for aid for three decades.

VDAC1-Based Peptides as Potential Modulators of VDAC1 Interactions with Its Partners and as a Therapeutic for Cancer, NASH, and Diabetes.

This review presents current knowledge related to the voltage-dependent anion channel-1 (VDAC1) as a multi-functional mitochondrial protein that acts in regulating both cell life and death. The location of VDAC1 at the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) allows control of metabolic cross-talk between the mitochondria and the rest of the cell, and also enables its interaction with proteins that are involved in metabolic, cell death, and survival pathways. VDAC1's interactions with over 150 proteins can mediate and regulate the integration of mitochondrial functions with cellular activities. To target these protein-protein interactions, VDAC1-derived peptides have been developed. This review focuses specifically on cell-penetrating VDAC1-based peptides that were developed and used as a "decoy" to compete with VDAC1 for its VDAC1-interacting proteins. These peptides interfere with VDAC1 interactions, for example, with metabolism-associated proteins such as hexokinase (HK), or with anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL. These and other VDAC1-interacting proteins are highly expressed in many cancers. The VDAC1-based peptides in cells in culture selectively affect cancerous, but not non-cancerous cells, inducing cell death in a variety of cancers, regardless of the cancer origin or genetics. They inhibit cell energy production, eliminate cancer stem cells, and act very rapidly and at low micro-molar concentrations. The activity of these peptides has been validated in several mouse cancer models of glioblastoma, lung, and breast cancers. Their anti-cancer activity involves a multi-pronged attack targeting the hallmarks of cancer. They were also found to be effective in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and diabetes mellitus. Thus, VDAC1-based peptides, by targeting VDAC1-interacting proteins, offer an affordable and innovative new conceptual therapeutic paradigm that can potentially overcome heterogeneity, chemoresistance, and invasive metastatic formation.

2D Janus carrier-enabled trojan horse: Gallium delivery for the sequential therapy of biofilm associated infection

Biofilm-associated infections (BAIs) continue to pose a major challenge in the medical field. Nanomedicine, in particular, promises significant advances in combating BAIs through the introduction of a variety of nanomaterials and nano-antimicrobial strategies. However, studies to date have primarily focused on the removal of the bacterial biofilm and neglect the subsequent post-biofilm therapeutic measures for BAIs, rendering pure anti-biofilm strategies insufficient for the holistic recovery of affected patients. Herein, we construct an emerging dual-functional composite nanosheet (SiHx@Ga) that responds to pHs fluctuation in the biofilm microenvironment to enable a sequential therapy of BAIs. In the acidic environment of biofilm, SiHx@Ga employs the self-sensitized photothermal Trojan horse strategy to effectively impair the reactive oxygen species (ROS) defense system while triggering oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation of bacteria, engendering potent antibacterial and anti-biofilm effects. Surprisingly, in the post-treatment phase, SiHx@Ga adsorbs free pathogenic nucleic acids released after biofilm destruction, generates hydrogen with ROS-scavenging and promotes macrophage polarization to the M2 type, effectively mitigating damaging inflammatory burst and promoting tissue healing. This well-orchestrated strategy provides a sequential therapy of BAIs by utilizing microenvironmental variations, offering a conceptual paradigm shift in the field of nanomedicine anti-infectives.

Broadband vibration isolation in cylindrical shells embedded with total reflection elastic meta-shells

In this research, we propose a pioneering conceptual design paradigm of elastic meta-shells for broadband elastic wave control in cylindrical shells. We theoretically reveal the mechanism for wave isolation in cylindrical shells, which arises from the closure of all transmission channels (i.e., total reflection) when 0th-order diffraction is the only remaining diffraction mode. In addition, to solve the dynamic coupling behavior between multi-order diffraction modes, we extend the acoustic mode-coupling theory to elastic waves in cylindrical shells. Based on the diffraction theory and multiple reflection effect, we construct a total reflection elastic meta-shell and numerically demonstrate efficient broadband elastic wave isolation in the frequency range of 5 k–7 kHz. Finally, the vibration isolation performance is experimentally verified by embedding a total reflection elastic meta-shell in a finite thin-walled cylindrical shell waveguide. Results confirm the feasibility of the elastic meta-shell design concept and its ability to achieve fully passive, high-efficiency, and broadband vibration isolation. Our vibration isolation strategy could broaden the applicable scope of elastic meta-structures and open new horizons for vibration isolation, mechanical energy filtering, and elastic wave signal processing in cylindrical shells.

Photon‐Counting 3D Velocimetry Empowered by OAM‐Based Multi‐Point Doppler Effect

AbstractVelocimetry of a motion target within 3‐D space is highly desirable in numerous applicable realms, ranging from explosion and shock wave physics, aerospace engineering to astronomical surveys. However, it is challenging to achieve synchronous, real‐time, and photon‐counting 3‐D velocimetry in modern frameworks as they either require separate multi‐directional detections, and cumbersome calculation processes or are confined to achieve in situ measurements. Here, a new conceptual paradigm is proposed to circumvent these constraints using orbital‐angular‐momentum (OAM)‐driven multi‐point Doppler effect at the photon‐counting level. This scheme, emanating from a single‐direction launch of an on‐demand engineered sequence OAM light mode onto a motion surface, enables simultaneous and independent detections of time‐varying Doppler photon‐count events from three orthogonal echo light paths. Concretely, at the range of motion velocity of 0.25–0.5 ms−1, the relative measurement errors of this proof‐of‐principle prototype are below 1.5%, thus achieving high‐accuracy 3‐D velocimetry at the photon‐counting level for the first time. The exploration of the OAM‐photon‐counting 3‐D velocimetry techniques provides unprecedented advantages in potential applications of synchronous, real‐time, high‐efficiency, and long‐range quantum lidar.

Conceptual Evolution and Paradigm Reconstruction: An Integrated Framework for International Communication

The tracing of historical origins and disciplinary trajectories enables us to reveal that international communication, as a specific manifestation of global information flow and media evolution, is primarily influenced by the interplay of three societal factors: the roots of political conflicts, the catalytic role of economic and technological developments, and the reshaping of values into distinct blocs. These factors intertwine with the awareness of external exploration across different historical periods. Traditional knowledge production in international communication has evolved along two main lines: political economy and cultural studies. These paths have given rise to three major paradigms—propaganda, global communication, and intercultural communication—each stemming from differing core units of analysis. Together, they have constructed a multifaceted interpretive framework for understanding self-identity and the relationship between self and the external world in the information age since the beginning of the 20th century. This paper argues that on the new journey in the new era, efforts should be made to weaken the attributes of hierarchical control and power conflict derived from the practices of Western industrial societies and the Cold War. In the context of an era marked by the fusion of “new subjects, new networks, new media, and new values,” there is a need to return to the original purpose of communication: the sharing of information and the collective responsibility it entails. This will enable the construction of a new paradigm driven by Chinese modernization for the exchange and mutual learning of civilizations. Such a paradigm aims to unify humanity around shared values, foster the building of a human community with a shared future, and create new forms of human advancement.

Towards digitalization in higher education: conceptual and bibliometric paradigm

Objetive: The aim is to study the foundations of the scientific literature in this area, the different intellectual structures, the conceptual and social structure and the trends of the analysed field. Methodology: The research is carried out through a bibliometric network analysis and graphical mapping of the field under investigation. Results: Firstly, the field is relatively recent and shows a collaborative network of inter-institutional character and with important synergies between countries and authors. In the intellectual structure, there is a cluster of strategies to follow in the implementation of DT in HEIs, with its possible drivers and obstacles, at technological, social, pedagogical and organisational levels; the implementation of DT in a concrete and practical way, alerting that DT is more than a set of digital tools; a more theoretical and conceptual line of thought on the concept of DT in HEIs and, finally, sustainable DT in the impact on HEIs. In the thematic structure, the block of theoretical and conceptual foundations that reveals COVID19 as the main accelerating factor of DT, the cluster that investigates the learning process through digital teaching and the third one that highlights the importance of cultural change management and people in the process stand out. Practical implications: This study allows us to have a general vision of the intellectual, conceptual and social structure of the DT and HEIs process and its impact on the different dimensions. Furthermore, the findings have implications for the management of TD processes in HEIs.

The Contours of an Interdisciplinary Concept of the Synergistic Complexities

There are analyzed the ‘arrow of time’ effects that generate ‘order out of chaos’ (I. Prigozhin) and the accompanying phenomena that have now arisen in the form of ‘synergistic complexities’ (N. Lapin) – they set trends in the becoming of new Russia and form the image of its future. According to the author, their content and character are determined by the genotype of culture, which can either correspond to the civilizational foundations of the country or be borrowed from other cultures, on that factor the country’s sovereign, stable or, on the contrary, traumatic, crisis development depends. Specifically considered are such types of synergistic complexities as glo-local-enclave spaces, synergistic time, hybrids of social, natural and technical/digital realities, hybrids of human physicality, interference risks, synergistic public consciousness and scientific knowledge of a synergistic type. It is substantiated that their complex nature, non-linear development, respectively, demanded for working out the synergistic interdisciplinary knowledge. Paying tribute to foreign scientists in its development, the author notes that it is dominated by formal and pragmatic methodology, while domestic researchers are dominated by comprehensive, more balanced approaches, including the consideration of national and cultural specifics. The author, taking into account their theoretical and methodological achievements, proposes the contours of the concept of the interdisciplinary paradigm of synergistic complexities with a humanistic core. Conclusions are drawn that on its basis it is possible to develop the political strategy for governing the synergistic complexities, which allows solving the urgent tasks of the country’s sovereign and sustainable development, reproducing the national human capital, preserving the uniqueness of our natural world and developing technological innovations without risks to human existential security.

A case for stronger integration of physical landscape processes in conservation science and practice.

I argue that the dynamic nature of contemporary, landscape-shaping (geomorphic) processes deserves more consideration in conservation science and practice. In an analysis of a sample of fundamental terms related to geomorphology and area-based conservation in the Web of Science, I found that the terms co-occurred in <2% of the analyzed entries (titles, abstracts, and keywords) from 2000 to 2020. This result is indicative of the rather peripheral attention that, more broadly, landscape-shaping processes seem to receive in the conservation literature. Among conservation scientists and practitioners, landforms that define the physical structure of habitat are often perceived as largely static, whereas the consideration of their dynamic adjustments to geomorphic processes is often limited to extreme events. I use examples derived from river-floodplain environments to illustrate strong, multifaceted, and reciprocal interactions between biota and various erosional and depositional processes. These ubiquitous interdependencies clearly demonstrate that geomorphic processes are an integral part of ecosystem dynamics at time scales relevant for conservation. Crucially, erosional and depositional processes modulate many environmental impacts of past and current anthropogenic activities. I conclude that the absence of a more explicit and widespread consideration of geomorphic processes in conservation science and practice is surprising and detrimental to their effectiveness. I call for bolstered efforts among the conservation and geoscience communities to better integrate landscape dynamics within the field of conservation. The rise of the ecosystem-based and social-ecological systems approaches to conservation and the growth of interdisciplinary geoscience branches (e.g., biogeomorphology, ecohydraulics, and geoconservation) will facilitate such an integration.

A FEMININE TYPOLOGICAL TRINITY IN PROBA'S CENTO VERGILIANVS 380–414

Abstract The mid-fourth-century c.e.Cento Vergilianus de laudibus Christi retells the biblical story using cento technique (recombining excerpted lines and partial lines from Virgil into a new poem). Its author, the Christian poet Faltonia Betitia Proba, states that her aim in writing the Cento is to demonstrate that Virgil ‘sang the pious deeds of Christ’ (Vergilium cecinisse … pia munera Christi). Her compositional strategy reflects the exegetical method of typology, as explored in detail by Cullhed: by reusing particular Virgilian verses for biblical characters, Proba creates an implicit typological relationship whereby a Virgilian type both prefigures and is fulfilled by a biblical antitype. This paper first presents an extended model of typology, whereby the type not only prefigures the antitype but also enfigures it, providing the reader with a novel conceptual paradigm through which to understand a particular supernatural reality. The paper then turns to a case study: the baptism scene (380–414), the only passage in the Cento depicting all three members of the Trinity. For each, Proba reuses passages which in the Aeneid describe female characters, hinting at a feminine typological Trinity, one which highlights often-overlooked aspects of the three Christian antitypes. In so doing, she convincingly advances her thesis that Virgil's poetic works reflect typological correspondences to the Christian narrative in a similar way to Old Testament prophecy.

A Flexible Big Data System for Credibility-Based Filtering of Social Media Information According to Expertise

Nowadays, social networks have taken on an irreplaceable role as sources of information. Millions of people use them daily to find out about the issues of the moment. This success has meant that the amount of content present in social networks is unmanageable and, in many cases, fake or non-credible. Therefore, a correct pre-processing of the data is necessary if we want to obtain knowledge and value from these data sets. In this paper, we propose a new data pre-processing technique based on Big Data that seeks to solve two of the key concepts of the Big Data paradigm, data validity and credibility of the data and volume. The system is a Spark-based filter that allows us to flexibly select credible users related to a given topic under analysis, reducing the volume of data and keeping only valid data for the problem under study. The proposed system uses the power of word embeddings in conjunction with other text mining and natural language processing techniques. The system has been validated using three real-world use cases.

Social Quality Management in the Lens of Philosophy and Methodology of Science

Relevance. Quality problems have been relevant for many centuries. At the same time, quality is viewed from the perspective of various sciences and industries indirectly: as a category identified with any sphere. Quality management is also of interest to many scientists and specialists, but most often in the technical or economic sphere. At the same time, its social aspect is obvious. Moreover, in the context of social management (social) quality management is an effective tool aimed at ensuring and improving the quality of life. However, despite the widespread application and adaptation of (social) quality management in various fields of science and practice, philosophical understanding is presented quite selectively. In this regard, in this study, it is advisable to present social quality management from the perspective of philosophy and methodology of science.Purpose. In the work, the author sets himself the purpose of conducting a comprehensive analysis of social quality management from a philosophical and methodological perspective.Objectives. To achieve this goal, it is relevant to solve the following tasks: analysis of social quality management as a post-non-classical concept of the philosophy of complexity; assessment and interpretation of social quality management in a broad plane of humanitarianism; attempt to define the philosophical understanding of social quality management.Methodology. To achieve this goal, the author uses in his work such methods and methodologies as the theory of complexity (complexity), the semiotic-digital dimension, and the methodology for constructing sociotechnical landscapes of digital reality. Results. The paper presents the results of a comprehensive analysis of social quality management from a philosophical and methodological perspective.Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, the author's understanding of social quality management in a philosophical and methodological context is substantiated; social quality management is presented as a concept of the complexity paradigm; the interrelationships of social quality management and the sociotechnical landscape of digital reality in a single field of modern humanities are established.

Multiscale Structural Engineering Boosts Piezoelectricity in Na0.5Bi2.5Nb2O9-Based High-Temperature Piezoceramics.

High-temperature piezoelectric materials, which enable the accurate and reliable sensing of physical parameters to guarantee the functional operation of various systems under harsh conditions, are highly demanded. To this end, both large piezoelectricity and high Curie temperature are pivotal figures of merit (FOMs) for high-temperature piezoceramics. Unfortunately, despite intensive pursuits, it remains a formidable challenge to unravel the inverse correlation between these FOMs. Herein, a conceptual material paradigm of multiscale structural engineering was proposed to address this dilemma. The synergistic effects of phase structure reminiscent of a polymorphic phase boundary and refined domain morphology simultaneously contribute to a large piezoelectric coefficient d33 of 30.3 pC/N and a high Curie temperature TC of 740 °C in (LiCeNd) codoped Na0.5Bi2.5Nb2O9 (NBN-LCN) ceramics. More encouragingly, the system has exceptional thermal stability and is nonsusceptible to mechanical loading. This study not only demonstrates that the high-performance and robust NBN-LCN high-temperature piezoceramics hold great potential for implements under harsh conditions but also opens an avenue for integrating antagonistic properties for the enhancement of the collective performance in functional materials.