Concept Of Fate Research Articles

Broken yet Brave: Arabic Women's Experience of a Breast Cancer Diagnosis.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Arabic women and is often diagnosed in advanced stages, resulting in an increased likelihood of requiring a mastectomy. Despite this, there is a lack of contemporary literature exploring Arabic women's experiences of breast cancer and its sequelae. Semi-structured interviews were conducted between 2019 and 2022 of Arabic women diagnosed with breast cancer. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis as described by Braun and Clark. Two main themes were identified: (a) Broken yet brave describes participants' experiences when diagnosed and (b) Making decisions about treatment and experiences of support detailing their lack of decision-making autonomy and perceptions of support. Arabic women believe in the concept of fate and faith, and their cultural conditioning is to prioritize family over themselves, often with limited support. They lack autonomy in decision-making due to the patriarchal society they live in.

The Concept of Fate in Islamic Teachings

Islam and concept of "fate" is interesting for Muslims and non-Muslims as well. Fate and its existence or non-existence is debatable from the beginning of civilizations. A concept is the starting point of a thought, discourse or reasoning. It provides the basis to the faith and belief. Islam is so close to nature and its requirements. Human nature and instinct are well bestowed in Islamic teachings and divine revolution. The concept of fate in Islamic perspective is therefore, needs to elaborate.

The Diminishing Importance of Fate and Divine Femininity During the High and Late Roman Empire

Weaving and femininity are historically intimately connected withthe concept of Fate. In antiquity Fate was portrayed as a powerfulfemale principle controlling the cosmic system humans inhabited.However, as the antique religious world gave way to a new era,the role of Fate subsided under Christian dominance. This articleexamines how this change played out, and how the worldview thatwon prominence as Christianity prevailed gradually lost touch withthe presence of powerful female cosmic principles. It shows that thedisappearance of Fate from the prevailing world was seminal in thebirth of a new ‘technology of the self’. In conclusion, the article placesthe disappearance of Fate in the context of a discussion of how theview of the self changed in the aftermath of Christianity, which hadbecome dominant. This discussion is related to the scholarship ofPeter Brown, among others, as well as a newly published posthumouswork by Michel Foucault (2018).

АНТИНОМИЯ СВОБОДЫ И СУДЬБЫ В ЖИЗНИ ДОСТОЕВСКОГО: ОТ СВОЕВОЛИЯ К СМИРЕНИЮ (К 200-ЛЕТНЕМУ ЮБИЛЕЮ СО ДНЯ РОЖДЕНИЯ ПИСАТЕЛЯ)

The second article of the cycle examines the resolution of the freedom and fate antinomy in the period of the writer’s maturity. It is shown that towards the end of his life Dostoevsky comes to rethinking the concept of fate in the spirit of the modern (postclassical) understanding within the framework of which the latter is interpreted by him not as an evil fate but as an ally of a man in the search for himself. The true antipode of freedom is no longer fate, but the world of necessity, represented both by the grip of material need and by the character of the writer closely related to his illness.

Zhuangzi’s Theory on “Fate” and the Humanistic Spirit within

Conventional accounts of Zhuangzi’s concept of fate are limited to only a certain aspect of it. At the same time, they seem to be mutually contradictory. This essay investigates this concept afresh based on textual analysis and elucidates Zhuangzi’s real concerns about fate. This analysis reveals that Zhuangzi laid stress on the virtue demonstrated in confronting the unavoidable. More specifically, the important meaning of fate encompasses, on the one hand, a whole acceptance of the facts facing us by forgetting oneself, and on the other hand, responding positively to the facts by following the “Heavenly Way” until a spontaneous state is reached. We shall see as well how Zhuangzi’s views on the relation between Heaven and the Human, and on certain moral values, help to validate his theory on fate. Thus, through exploring his underlying thoughts and showing how their various aspects are logically connected, we shall show that Zhuangzi’s concept of fate is imbued with a humanistic spirit in the face of affairs in the real world.

Spiel (Play, Game)

By positioning the vita activa between homo faber (man the maker) and homo ludens (man the player), Goethe’s concept of Spiel captures the existential, aesthetic, and philosophical instability in the human condition. Himself a master of play and the game, Goethe broadened the semantic field of the concept by projecting it onto tensions associated with his early verbal, visual, and corporeal quest for pleasure and beauty. As such, Spiel is situated in Goethe’s philosophical lexicon at the nexus of the aesthetic and the practical (including the ethical). This position locates the writer biographically as well: his professional court life and his creative project, including his scientific work, are precariously balanced between the imaginative and the mundane.
 Spiel as a philosophical concept also reflects Goethe’s lifelong performance of multiple identities, manifest in rehearsals of bohemian and bourgeois masculinity. Not least, his life and work express a personal and professional relationship to an eighteenth-century environment articulated as a quasi-religious devotion to the forces of nature. Closely related to concepts of fate, divine agency, and luck, Goethe’s gift for play would craft and stage a series of Schauspiele (shows), Lustspiele (comedies), and Trauerspiele (mourning plays) that ultimately equipped his concept of Spiel to do philosophical work. Both literally and figuratively a player, Goethe constructed dynamic models of Spiel as gambling across a range of practices and activities that include play as magic (Taschenspieler); pedagogical games; children’s play and amusement; acting (eine Rolle spielen); and personal and social role playing. And while play maintained a relationship to labor and accountability throughout the writer’s life, the serious philosophical work of Goethean Spiel also typically involved the disruption of rigid systems of thought that purport to defy the precarious stability of being human.

From the concept of Fate to the Theory of Generations (to the 75th Anniversary of the Professor Vanchikova Tsymzhit Purbuevna)

The article examines the creative path of Tsymzhit Purbuevna Vanchikova, doctor of historical sciences, professor, chief researcher of the Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan studies of the SB RAS, an Honored researcher of the Republic of Buryatia, whose 75th anniversary will be celebrated by the scientific community. Ts. P. Vanchikova gave 52 years to her native Institute, having prepared many monographs, articles, reviews and dozens of graduates, being the head of many scientific projects and international grants, a regular participant of numerous international forums. At the same time, the peculiarity of the researcher’s biography is shown not through the prism of a dynasty of Orientalists, but through the concept of fate. That is, her work is considered as a predetermined and logical continuation of the creative path of her father, a well-known source scholar, historiographer and a specialist in the study and publication of medieval texts, candidate of historical sciences Purbo Baldanzhapov, with whom the hero of the day has joint publications. In turn, this family tradition and predestination, which has been passed on to the daughter of the hero of the day, Tatyana Sergeevna, which fits perfectly into the 100-year cycle of the theory of generations. That is why the article also features the future lawyer-the favorite grandson of the anniversarian. Keywords: Professor Vanchikova Tsymzhit Purbuevna, the Center of Oriental manuscripts and xylographs, source studies, study and publication of medieval texts, historiography, Mongolian studies

Some Considerations On The Problems Of Identity And Humanitarian Security

Some Considerations On The Problems Of Identity And Humanitarian Security

How Can Stoic Philosophy Inspire Psychosocial Genetic Counseling Practice? An Introduction and Exploration

Stoicism is an ancient philosophical tradition with the goal of teaching individuals how to live virtuously and attain tranquility. Stoicism was built upon the concept of fate and the limits of an individual’s power to change their fate (i.e. external circumstances). Many Stoic practices aim to remind oneself of the limits of their power and to shift one’s attention and concern to phenomena in which they have control. The goal is to cultivate a rational, healthy internal locus of control. There is minimal exploration of philosophical traditions in the genetic counseling literature, and Stoic practices may lend themselves to psychosocial genetic counseling work. Themes and applications of Stoic philosophy are explored here, and these practices may aid patients in developing an internal locus of control. The theme of reorienting one’s perception of control over their diagnosis, health, or situation may have benefit in patient psychosocial adaptation. This work serves to introduce genetic counselors to therapeutic applications of Stoic philosophy which may aid advanced counseling practice. We hope to stimulate future exploration and discussion regarding this and similar approaches in clinical genetic counseling.

PFAS Experts Symposium: Statements on regulatory policy, chemistry and analytics, toxicology, transport/fate, and remediation for per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) contamination issues

AbstractSixty leading members of the scientific, engineering, regulatory, and legal communities assembled for the PFAS Experts Symposium in Arlington, Virginia on May 20 and 21, 2019 to discuss issues related to per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) based on the quickly evolving developments of PFAS regulations, chemistry and analytics, transport and fate concepts, toxicology, and remediation technologies. The Symposium created a venue for experts with various specialized skills to provide opinions and trade perspectives on existing and new approaches to PFAS assessment and remediation in light of lessons learned managing other contaminants encountered over the past four decades. The following summarizes several consensus points developed as an outcome of the Symposium: Regulatory and policy issues: The response by many states and the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) to media exposure and public pressure related to PFAS contamination is to relatively quickly initiate programs to regulate PFAS sites. This includes the USEPA establishing relatively low lifetime health advisory levels for PFAS in drinking water and even more stringent guidance and standards in several states. In addition, if PFAS are designated as hazardous substances at the federal level, as proposed by several Congressional bills, there could be wide‐reaching effects including listing of new Superfund sites solely for PFAS, application of stringent state standards, additional characterization and remediation at existing sites, reopening of closed sites, and cost renegotiation among PRPs. Chemistry and analytics: PFAS analysis is confounded by the lack of regulatory‐approved methods for most PFAS in water and all PFAS in solid media and air, interference with current water‐based analytical methods if samples contain high levels of suspended solids, and sample collection and analytical interference due to the presence of PFAS in common consumer products, sampling equipment, and laboratory materials. Toxicology and risk: Uncertainties remain related to human health and ecological effects for most PFAS; however, regulatory standards and guidance are being established incorporating safety factors that result in part per trillion (ppt) cleanup objectives. Given the thousands of PFAS that may be present in the environment, a more appropriate paradigm may be to develop toxicity criteria for groups of PFAS rather than individual PFAS. Transport and fate: The recalcitrance of many perfluoroalkyl compounds and the capability of some fluorotelomers to transform into perfluoroalkyl compounds complicate conceptual site models at many PFAS sites, particularly those involving complex mixtures, such as firefighting foams. Research is warranted to better understand the physicochemical properties and corresponding transport and fate of most PFAS, of branched and linear isomers of the same compounds, and of the interactions of PFAS with other co‐contaminants such as nonaqueous phase liquids. Many PFAS exhibit complex transport mechanisms, particularly at the air/water interface, and it is uncertain whether traditional transport principles apply to the ppt levels important to PFAS projects. Existing analytical methods are sufficient when combined with the many advances in site characterization techniques to move rapidly forward at selected sites to develop and test process‐based conceptual site models. Existing remediation technologies and research: Current technologies largely focus on separation (sorption, ion exchange, or sequestration). Due to diversity in PFAS properties, effective treatment will likely require treatment trains. Monitored natural attenuation will not likely involve destructive reactions, but be driven by processes such as matrix diffusion, sorption, dispersion, and dilution. The consensus message from the Symposium participants is that PFAS present far more complex challenges to the environmental community than prior contaminants. This is because, in contrast to chlorinated solvents, PFAS are severely complicated by their mobility, persistence, toxicological uncertainties, and technical obstacles to remediation—all under the backdrop of stringent regulatory and policy developments that vary by state and will be further driven by USEPA. Concern was expressed about the time, expense, and complexity required to remediate PFAS sites and whether the challenges of PFAS warrant alternative approaches to site cleanups, including the notion that adaptive management and technical impracticability waivers may be warranted at sites with expansive PFAS plumes. A paradigm shift towards receptor protection rather than broad scale groundwater/aquifer remediation may be appropriate.

Vera Voluptas erit voluptatum contemptio: Seneca on Pleasure, Happiness and Fate

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]
 Straipsnyje nagrinėjama Senekos veikaluose Laiškai Lucilijui, Apie laimingą gyvenimą ir Apie Apvaizdą apibrėžta laimės, malonumo ir likimo koncepcija. Keliami klausimai: ką Seneka vadino tikru ir netikru malonumu, dėl ko ragino kovoti ir atlikdavo auspicijas, ar filosofas tikėjo, jog žmogus gali pakeisti savo likimą ir pasiekti laimę? Aptariami Senekos traktatuose dažni kario ir ligonio įvaizdžiai, kuriais filosofas vaizdingai ir emocionaliai perteikė stoikų filosofiją. Daroma išvada, kad Seneka suvokė laimę kaip sėkmingą charakterio tobulinimą. Pagal Seneką, charakteris yra animus dalis, o animus yra Dievo dalis, todėl žmogus turi stengtis būti panašus į mylintį, drąsų, intelektualų karį-filosofą, noriai vykdantį savo vado-Dievo įsakymus. Labiausiai Seneka skatino ugdytis sunkiausiai pasiekiamą dvasinę savybę – tikrą nuolankumą Dievui, kai mylimo ir mylinčio Dievo siunčiamas nelaimes ir skausmą žmogus gali priimti ramiai, išsaugodamas meilę Jam savo

PECULIARITIES OF LANGUAGE REPRESENTATION OF THE CONCEPT “LIFE” IN THE PLAY BY L.N. ANDREEV’S “THE LIFE OF MAN”

The article attempts to consider the concept of “concept” as an object of interdisciplinary research, defines the areas of functioning and research fixation of concepts, identifies differences between the usual and artistic concepts that serve as a productive way of penetrating into the secrets of poetic skill and creative laboratory of artists of the word. The work is devoted to the study of the conceptual foundations of L. N. Andreeva and identification of the specificity of his linguistic personality through the study of linguistic representation of the concept of “Life” associated with the General socio-philosophical and religious-philosophical quest of the author. The paper describes the parameters of the artistic concept and the ways of its linguistic expression, the main of which is the associative-semantic field; the structure of the associative-semantic field “Life” is analyzed on the material of the text of the play by L.N. Andreeva “human Life”; its nuclear and peripheral components are indicated, the ratio of which allows to approach the General understanding of the phenomenon of human life by the writer, coupled with the concepts of Fate, rock and artistic images of candles, stairs based on associative connections. Additional means of linguistic expression of the concept “Life” are listed, which emphasize, on the one hand, the value essence of life, and, on the other hand, its fragility, unpredictability, ruthlessness towards a Person. Particular attention is paid to the artistic techniques involved in the representation of the concept of “Life” in the author’s artistic discourse. The value of the scientific approach outlined in the work is not in the contrast comparison of the most interesting and significant points of view of domestic and foreign scientists, expressed regarding the nature and content of the concept as a phenomenon of language, thinking, consciousness and speech, and in their organic mutual addition, which allows us to present the most complete and comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon in the light of the various paradigms of modern scientific knowledge.

The Counterfeit Spirit and the Concept of Fate in the »Apocryphon of John«: An Analysis of the Narrative Structure in NH II 20:9–21:12 and NH II 27:33–28:32

In this article, it is argued, through a close comparison between the account of the material creation of Adam in NH II 20:9–21:12, and the account of the creation of fate and binding of humanity i ...

English

Goenawan Mohamad, an Indonesian writer, created a poem called Asmaradana that is derived from the classic Asmaradana song written by Tandhakusuma. Comparing the two works gives the impression that these two texts interact dialectically in giving the concept of fate and love. The ‘new’ Asmaradana from Goenawan Mohamad is a soliloquy about realistic attitude in facing destiny whilst the ‘old’ Asmaradana is a kind of assertive reflection from the main character, Damarwulan, in responding to an inevitable situation. It generates new meanings and interpretations, whether it is from the writer or the reader, when a new work is created based on the classic ones. This paper examines how the new Asmaradana shows new interpretation compared to its previous versions; its prior texts. This paper discusses four Asmaradana poems, two of which are the re-made versions from Goenawan Mohamad and the Putri Gunung Ledang movie soundtrack, and how they are interrelated. This paper takes focus on the interpolations of meanings shown in contemporary works that are different from their originals. This paper shows that the new works still follow the tone of the original works but they create new interpretations. Keywords: Intertextuality; intertextual analysis; literary transformation; Asmaradana poems;interpretations DOI: http://doi.org/10.17576/3L-2017-2301-07

PAREMVS OVANTES: STOICISM AND HUMAN RESPONSIBILITY IN AENEID 4

In the fourth book of the Aeneid Virgil presents the epic's titular hero as fated to found Rome, initially neglecting and ultimately reassuming his mission, all the while being accorded praise or blame for his progress. In this article I shall re-examine Virgil's use of the specifically Chrysippan Stoic doctrine of Fate and human responsibility in Aeneid 4, with a focus on three key points: the role of assent in creating a compatibility of Fate and human responsibility; the ‘Lazy Argument’, the position that Chrysippus combatted, that if things are fated they will happen without any effort on my part; and the Stoic conception of Fate as a chain of causes that includes human assents. I shall argue that Virgil's impeccable, almost obsessive, scholarship results in a detailed homage to Chrysippan Stoic doctrine that actually alludes to its finer points. I restrict my comments to Book Four on the grounds that the Dido-episode tests to the limit Aeneas’ resolve to ‘follow … Italy’ (361), even if non sponte, and that the juxtaposition with Dido sheds added light on the picture. I hope thereby to contribute to a topic of research that deserves renewed investigation using the discoveries in Hellenistic philosophy over the last two generations.

Determinism and Gender in Galsworthy’s The Man of Property and Naguib Mahfouz’s Palace Walk A Naturalistic Approach

This article is concerned with analysing the concepts of determinism and gender in John Galsworthy’s The Man of Property and Naguib Mahfouz’s Palace Walk from a naturalistic point of view. Determinism is one of the important characteristics of literary naturalism developed by Emile Zola, an eminent French writer, in the second half of the nineteenth century. Analysis indicates that pessimistic determinism, a typical feature of literary naturalism, is represented in the two texts along with other naturalistic features such as conflict, frankness about sexual problems, and objectivity. Analysis also shows that both John Galsworthy and Naguib Mahfouz gave much space in the two novels for women and their problems. Both adopted a naturalist deterministic view of the concept of gender. They used naturalist settings and practices as vehicles for symbolic meanings to convey thematic significance. The notions of determinism and free will as well as the related concepts of fate and nature are central questions in the two texts. The two authors also extend the notion of determinism to gender problems. In the two novels, we see that women are determined to suffer and submit to male dominance and tyranny. Although it is difficult to determine whether the two authors were progressive in adopting an explicit anti-patriarch stance, it can be claimed that Galsworthy and Mahfouz were concerned with introducing the social problems of the age including women problems in an objective way.

THE CONCEPT OF FATE IN AMERICAN SCIENCE FICTION LITERATURE

The present article is dedicated to the problem of the concept of fate functioning in the American picture of the world. The aim of the article is to investigate the concept sphere of fate in American science-fiction literature. The main tasks are to outline the main specific approaches to the problem, to analyse synonymic rows of the concept of fate and to form the concept sphere of fate in terms of their characteristics. At the beginning, the outline of the last investigations of the fate was done, and then the historical background of the fate interpretation was introduced. In the next part, the preliminary statistical results of the Fate lexicographical analysis were given. The author tried to prove the material selection with the help of the data from the Corpus of global web-based English and the Corpus of contemporary American English. The practical part of the article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of fate in the American science fiction literature that was done on the basis of the fantastic stories of A.E. van Vogt and E. Mayne Hull. At the result of the analysis the synonymic raw of the fate was formed. At the final part of the article, we made the general conclusion that the concept of fate had such two models of objectification as universal and individual ones.

Expect Any Answer, and: Not This Boston

“Expect Any Answer” explores concepts of fate, desire, and self-determination through the life of poet Frank O’Hara. Abstract: The speaker of “Not This Boston” returns to Boston expecting to have an experience similar to one she had nine years earlier. She discovers it wasn’t the city that made her happy oh so long ago, but the body (or bodies) that paired with her own.

Qadar in Classical and Modern Islamic Discourses: Commending a Futuristic Perspective

In classical Islamic era, the discussion on the concept of fate (divine predestination) or qadar has created various debates with regard to its relationship to the problem of freedom (hurriya), choice (ikhtiyar) and free will (irada). The word qadar has been treated differently by various Islamic thinkers such as the jurists, the Sufis, the philosophers and the theologians (mutakkalimun) according to their respective concern. Classical discourse on qadar is found predominantly in debates between two main sects, the Murji’ites and the Jabarites who believe that God had predetermined the human life at one hand, and the others, the Muktazilites and the Qadarites who believe in human’s free will. The modern discourse on qadar shifts to different tunes. It is believed that qadar was responsible for paralyzing the energies of the Muslims and was the chief cause of their moral degeneration. The doctrine of qadar causes the Muslims to regard all their actions and achievements as dependent on the will of God and, for the same reason, they were unable to safeguard their rights and protect their countries from tyranny – thus obstructing their overall progress. This paper attempts at discussing both the classical and modern Islamic conceptions of qadar and its dynamism as the source of strength for Muslims to think about the future in positive attitude - that it is the only space which they could actively participate and operate in order to choose their destiny, be it good or bad, whether on the earth as God’s servants and vicegerents, as well as in the hereafter where they will taste the consequences of their actions. Understanding the true concept of qadar and also its dynamic association with the organic concept of time is about knowing the consequences of human actions and this is the very basic of futures thinking in Muslim mind.

"Altars to the Beautiful Necessity": The Significance of F. W. J. Schelling's "Philosophical Inquiries in the Nature of Human Freedom" in the Development of Ralph Waldo Emerson's Concept of Fate.

Ralph Waldo Emerson’s 1860 essay “Fate” has long been recognised as one of his most important essays. This paper is the first to examine the significance for Emerson of his reading of F. W. J. Shelling’s “Inquiry into the Nature of Human Freedom” using the unpublished manuscript of James Elliot Cabot’s translation of Schelling from the 1840s (Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe). I locate Emerson’s reading of the MS against the backdrop of his own intellectual development as recorded in his journals from 1822 to 1859, working out in what ways Schelling’s work influenced and supported his ever changing conception of fate.