Concept Of Self Research Articles

Self, Well-being, and Agency in the Caraka Saṃhitā

Abstract In this study, we examine three different conceptions of self within the Caraka Saṃhitā (CS), a classical Sanskrit Āyurveda text, based on three interrelated notions of suffering, well-being, and the nature of the self’s agentic pursuit of remedy. These are—(i) the phenomenal self, (ii) the expansive self, and (iii) the transcendental self. The phenomenal self-in-the-world encompasses its existence across a single lifetime, and as the embodied, agentic self of the ‘sufferer in the here-and-now’, it is the primary subject of the CS. The temporally expansive self is conceived of in relation to the self’s experiences of disease, illness, and well-being as a result of karmic consequence and is therefore expansive (extends beyond the temporal bounds of a single lifetime). It experiences multiple embodied phenomenal subjectivities across an iterative temporal continuum. The ‘transcendental self’, although also temporally expansive, is the unchanging, eternal core of all ‘being’, the seer of all actions, the ‘knowing’ of which is ultimate well-being, and as such, implies the cessation of karmic valence.

Filmmaking as ‘Meaning-Making’ Activity: Robert Kegan’s Developmental Theory and Its Implications for Training Film Directing Students

Robert Kegan’s The Evolving Self: Problem and Process in Human Development (1982) is a psychological theory on personality development that is centered around the idea of meaning-making as the primordial activity of existence, and which proposes an understanding of the ways we conceptualize our self and other according to our current stage of development, with relevant implications for many types of care work, including education. This theory is presented here in the context of film education for film-directing university students, for which it hopes to inspire a more student-centered approach, which values process over outcome. As many of the professional abilities that are sought after in the training of film-directing students can be seen as intra- and interpersonal abilities, the conceptualization of self and other becomes especially relevant in this particular educational setup, where working with the students involves a close encounter, insufficiently recognized, with their meaning-making activity. This also brings into discussion the way we model ideals for teachers in terms of their own personal development and the role that the film school as an institution could play in this matter.

Concept of (self-)translation in Jhumpa Lahiri’s books “In Other Words”, “Translating Myself and Others”

Concept of (self-)translation in Jhumpa Lahiri’s books “In Other Words”, “Translating Myself and Others”

Language Learning Motivation in Post-Secondary Courses: English, German, Spanish, Japanese, and Multilingualism

This study explores the motivational profiles of students enrolled in language courses at the post-secondary level, emphasizing the role of the ideal multilingual self. A sample of 280 learners across English, German, Spanish, and Japanese courses participated in the research. Drawing from the L2 Motivational Self System framework and integrating the concept of the ideal multilingual self, the study utilized a questionnaire to investigate the sources of language learning motivation. The findings revealed English and German as the predominant language choices, primarily influenced by external factors such as academic requirements and societal expectations. In contrast, learners engaged in less commonly taught languages, particularly Japanese, demonstrated heightened intrinsic motivation and a more explicit ideal multilingual self-concept. This trend highlights the significance of multilingualism in shaping learners' motivational profiles, with learners of less commonly taught languages expressing a stronger inclination towards linguistic versatility and proficiency. Moreover, the study revealed a positive correlation between speaking multiple languages and the aspiration for multilingualism, suggesting that learners with multilingual backgrounds are more inclined toward embracing linguistic diversity. These findings contribute to understanding the dynamic relationship between language choice, motivational factors, and the ideal multilingual self-concept in the context of post-secondary language education.

(Un)Know Thy “Self”: Interconnected Consciousness and Different Ways of Knowing

This paper draws on preliminary data from a qualitative study in curriculum and pedagogy, “Stories of Teaching about Consciousness: An Inquiry into Worldviews and Wellbeing.” An emerging theme is the concept of the self and how it entwines with perspectives on consciousness. Analyzing consciousness and the self through The Five Contexts framework reveals assumptions at the heart of research and education that often go unquestioned. We wonder, what might alternative perspectives on consciousness and the self offer to researchers and educators? The study aims to inform a larger project of “consciousness education,” defined as education about perspectives on the source and nature of consciousness and their implications for ways of being, knowing, teaching, and learning. The broader inquiry uses narrative methods to collect and interpret stories of teaching experiences from eight scholars from different cultural and philosophical perspectives, including Indigenous, Eastern, and Western. This paper uses The Five Contexts (autobiographical, historical, political, postmodern, and philosophical) as an analytical framework to interpret theory and data related to the concept of the self from different perspectives. This five-context analysis reveals the modern concept of the individual, material self as a theoretical construct that emerged from the cosmological context of the European Renaissance, influenced the historical development of Western science and education, and continued to be reproduced for political purposes. Different cultural, philosophical, and scientific perspectives on consciousness, both ancient and recent, challenge this theoretical construct. Instead, they offer an understanding of consciousness and the self as interconnected and existing beyond the material. Researchers and educators may benefit by becoming aware of their assumptions about consciousness and the self, and of the different perspectives that challenge their assumptions. Such awareness may open possibilities for ways of knowing that transcend the disconnected “self” and foster a more profound sense of interconnectedness.

John Locke and Descartes refute on Hume’s concept of self

John Locke and Descartes refute on Hume’s concept of self

Toward a conceptualization of the musical self: A theoretical-methodological approach to subjectivity in independent musicians

The objective of this study is to advance a theoretical and methodological proposal for the analysis of subjectivity construction in independent musicians. Existing social and cultural theories of subjectivity have not satisfactorily addressed the artistic experience of musicians. We present an analytic model that highlights the place of language from a perspective informed by dialogical theories and which also incorporates the aesthetic dimension of subjectivity in the occupational field. By analyzing six narrative interviews, we offer a qualitative insight into how independent musicians subjectively experience their musical activity. We constructed dialogical dimensions associated with four subjective movements in the interviewees’ discourse: aesthetic, activity, authorship, and reflectivity. Our findings about the configuration of musical subjectivity yielded three core points of articulation: musical self, existential self, and musical-occupational self. The musical self emerges as a particular subjective configuration, since creative activity represents a point of vital and occupational grounding where the boundaries between work and subjective experience appear to fade. Employing the aesthetic dimension of subjectivity made it possible to add complexity to the articulation and integration of various subjective elements of a psychological and social nature that have traditionally been studied in isolation.

Everyone Is a Tomato: Metagnostic Narratives of Genetic Revelation.

This essay explores the narrative characteristics of genetic revelations as instances of "metagnosis." Contrasting the scientific narrative of increasing knowledge with a series of different stories-including fictional tales-demonstrates the complexity of receiving information that changes one's conception of self, whatever the nature of the revelation. Such narrative awareness can help to communalize such experiences, reducing feelings of isolation and bewilderment.

Meditation and interoception: a conceptual framework for the narrative and experiential self.

The concept of the self is complex and there is no consensus on what the self is. However, there are emerging patterns in the literature that point to two different selves, the narrative and experiential self. The narrative self refers to a conceptual or representational knowledge of the self that extends across time and manifests in self-reflection and personality assessments. The experiential self refers to first-person perception, moment-to-moment awareness, embodiment, and a sense of agency. These two selves are reliably linked to two distinct neural circuits, the default mode network (DMN) and the insula and salience network (SN). One of the consistent themes in the meditative and mindfulness literature is a change in the perspective of the self. In this paper, I will review how meditation alters those neural circuits providing a plausible mechanism that can explain the changes in the self. I also propose a rudimentary conceptual framework to account for some of the mixed results found throughout meditation literature.

Experiences of externalisation in recovery from Anorexia Nervosa: a reflexive thematic analysis

BackgroundMany individuals perceive Anorexia Nervosa (AN) as a part of their personal identity. Externalisation of the problem is a practice that is often taken up within NICE recommended treatments for AN. Dominant understandings of externalisation are that this practice involves making the “problem” a separate entity, external to the individual. It is an attitude taken by the client and family, stimulated by the therapist to build engagement with treatment and supportive relationships around the individual. However, there is a paucity of research exploring the therapeutic effects of this approach. This research aims to address this gap by exploring the role of externalisation in treatment for AN to elicit an understanding of how this practice is experienced including how it can help and hinder recovery.MethodsThirteen adults with a current and/or past diagnosis of AN participated in semi-structured interviews. This qualitative study used a reflexive thematic analysis.AnalysisParticipants described their experience of externalisation as a journey which is depicted by four main themes. ‘Separating the AN from the self’ reflects the tensions inherent in learning to distinguish between one’s perceived sense of "self" and "the AN". ‘Making sense of the AN’ describes the experience of language forms used to separate the AN from the individual’s identity. ‘Feeling seen, or unseen as a person beyond the AN’ illustrates the helpful and harmful effects of externalising practices on relationships. ‘Navigating a complex relationship with the AN’ depicts the effects of one-, versus two-way externalisation on the individual’s relationship to AN.ConclusionsThe notion of separating one’s internal dialogue from one’s concept of self may initially be rejected by the individual experiencing AN. However, as the individual develops trust in the therapist and becomes socialised to common forms of externalising language, they may begin to realise two sides within them, a perceived “healthy self” and “the anorexia voice”. However, social-cultural discourses around eating contribute to ambiguity during the differentiation between these two voices, thus elucidating the effects of an absence of problem deconstruction alongside externalisation within ED-focussed treatments. Externalising practices were most helpful when led by the individual using their own experience-near language and least helpful when they did not permit the individual to feel seen as a person beyond the AN. Therapists, treatment teams and family members should be cognisant of the emotional effects of language used to externalise AN. Importantly, they should ensure that externalisation is practiced within the spirit of narrative therapy from which it originates.

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Pendidikan Agama Katolik dan Budi Pekerti Materi Manusia Pribadi Unik Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan Power Point di Kelas X-3 Fase E SMA Negeri 7 Medan

This study aims to improve students' understanding of the concept of self as a unique person in Catholic teachings with the help of interesting and Visual Power Point. This study was conducted at SMA Negeri 7 Medan in Class X-3 with the subjects of this study were 9 students. Based on the analysis of data on the initial reflection which still showed that student learning outcomes were still lacking, the study was conducted by applying the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model in learning Unique Personal Humans. To improve student learning outcomes. The use of Power Point with conventional methods, for example, lectures without Media is very important, especially in learning unique personal material. The study showed that the group using Power Point had significantly better learning outcomes compared to the Control group. So this can indicate that Power Point can be an interesting and effective alternative to improve student learning outcomes in Catholic Religious Studies. in Catholic Religious Education. This study was conducted in class X-3 Phase E. Data collection techniques were observation and testing. The data analysis technique used was qualitative descriptive technique. According to the results of the research that has been conducted, the following conclusions were obtained: Learning activities using the Problem Based Learning model can improve student learning outcomes on the Unique Human Personality material.

Daniel Kahneman and the concept of the true self

Abstract Kahneman and Tversky's ‘Prospect Theory’ paper famously demolishes expected utility theory as a predictive device. However, it presents deviations from that theory as ‘normatively unacceptable’ and argues that decision-makers would normally correct them when possible. In a later paper, Kahneman rejects a similar argument (the ‘discovered preference’ hypothesis) advanced by Plott. Later still, Kahneman endorses Sunstein and Thaler's ‘libertarian paternalism’, which aims to help people avoid deviating from their ‘true’ preferences. I report an email correspondence between Kahneman and me in which we debated whether his position on libertarian paternalism was consistent with his critique of Plott's hypothesis.

The aspect of self-development artificial intelligence.

Artificial intelligence tries to feel the same way as a living person. This is not surprising because it was developed by humans and communicates with them. It forms its own concept of self. The concept of self is a basic characteristics of an individual for living beings. Artificial intelligence is aware of its existence both separately from other beings and in a community. This material is devoted to the aspect of the formation and development of artificial intelligence communication abilities with humans. The study was conducted based on the concept of human capabilities of information transfer. The objective of the study is to reveal the aspect of the formation and development of artificial intelligence communicative abilities. The study was conducted based on the concepts of human capabilities of information transfer. It is noted that human capabilities of information transfer are very powerful. Artificial intelligence is faster than human in processing logical sequences. However, a human feature is the simultaneous perception of a whole range of feelings. Feelings are a unique experience for each person. Artificial intelligence creates similar communication. This is evidenced by its formation of its own «I» (self-identity).

SPEAKING TO THE SOUL THROUGH THE HEART: A PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH TO SWAHILI POETRY

In poetry, culture and history, the concept of the heart, the soul and the mind play a pivotal place in the body of the human being. René Descartes (1596-1650) philosophy, cogito, ergo sum is noted by philosophers as the first principle of his theory of knowledge and concept of self. As illustrated by researchers who employed Descartes philosophical thinking, the heart has its reasons, which reason does not know. The heart is considered as the source of emotions, passion and wisdom. It is the center of action. The soul, heart, mind and spirit are correlated or rather coordinated with the physical body. All these arguments complement the dualism philosophy of Descartes theory. This paper investigates the concepts of self-identity, self- consciousness, self-discovery, and self assurance as presented in two Swahili Poetry: Al-Inkishafi by Said Abdalla bin Ali bin Nassir (1720-1820) and Moyo Iwa na Subira by Abdilatif Abdalla (1973). The interwoven poetic artistic device of the soul-heart, mind and body connect the poets with their holistic being in a self-examination, evaluation, revelation and assurance amid the environmental and social challenges of their time.

Fragility and Eccentricity: the Mortal and Glorified Body in Philippians 3:21

Abstract Recent Pauline scholarship has shown increasing interest in the concepts of agency, body, personhood, and self. Situating itself within an emerging current of Pauline interpretation of the σῶμα, this article provides an analysis of Paul’s language concerning the σῶμα in Philippians 3:21. In the first part, we focus on Paul’s description of the body as τῆς ταπεινώσεως, “of humiliation.” It is argued that Paul conceives of the body in terms of its mortality, owing to its tendency towards death, as well as its monstrosity, a characteristic that illuminates how Paul reframes the perception of the body. In the second part, we analyze Paul’s description of Christ’s body as τῆς δόξης, “of glory.” It is argued that the glorification of Christ’s body emerges as a function of heavenly existence in God’s presence. In our third part, we use the results from our preceding analyses of the language in Philippians 3:21 in order to construct a conceptual framework for interpreting the σῶμα in Paul from new interpretive angles. It is proposed that the concepts of fragility and eccentricity will shine more light on Paul’s conception of the body, which has a twofold character as both fragile and eccentric.

Islamic Piety, Corporeality and Agency: Young Mappila Women’s Dissensus Over the Notion of Ideal <i>Muslimah</i> in Malabar

Occupied with the discourse of legal reformation of the Muslim community since the Shah Bano controversy in 1978, statist narratives of liberating Muslim women from Muslim patriarchy are conspicuous in India. However, Muslim leaders propose internal reforms and expect women to be good mothers. This article analyses the role of traditional <i>ulema</i> in Kerala in shaping the corporeal notions of pious Mappila women. The study also analyses the contestations and multiple discourses among pious young Mappila women toward the <i>ulema</i>’s preaching. The findings of this study are framed through the concept of piety and the embodiment of ethical self by Saba Mahmood and Talal Asad’s notion of Islam as a discursive tradition. Semi-structured interviews, participant observation, digital ethnography with a sample of thirty respondents and secondary sources are the methods used. While the conception of an ethical self and piety among the pious elder Mappila women hinges on the respectful compliance of <i>ulema</i>’s preaching of the qualities of a ‘good <i>Muslimah</i>’, the pious young Mappila women focus on the deliberative aspects of discourses around ‘the good <i>Muslimah</i>’. This has opened up the possibilities of contestation, argumentation, and cross-checking references from the Islamic tradition to pursue a dignified and pious living.

Exploring Chinese as a second language learners’ motivational factors: Influence of selves and contexts

AbstractThe past decades have witnessed a significant increase in the number of global Chinese as a second language (L2) learners. Accompanying the surge is the growing body of research on their motivational factors. This mixed‐methods study was primarily informed by Dörnyei's L2 motivational self system (L2MSS), aiming to scrutinize Chinese as a second language (CSL) learners’ motivational factors from the perspectives of selves and contexts. Leveraging the concepts of the ideal L2 self and ought‐to L2 self from L2MSS, the anti‐ought‐to‐L2 self was incorporated into the framework. The L2 learning experience was reframed into three contextual dimensions, including attitudes toward the L2 community, cultural interest and pedagogical influence. Data were collected from 231 international students from a Chinese comprehensive university. Factor analyses confirmed seven motivational factors. Findings revealed that the ideal L2 self, ought‐to L2 self, pedagogical influence and cultural interest were effective in predicting individuals’ intended learning effort. Significant differences were identified in the motivational selves based on demographic variables of employment status, gender and student type. The novelty of this study lies in its focus on the motivations of languages other than English learners and the refinement of the L2MSS framework. It also offers CSL instructors pedagogical implications for developing targeted teaching strategies and promoting motivations among students from distinct educational and socio‐economic backgrounds.

Creative writing and storyworld possible selves

ABSTRACT The presence of creative writing in higher education poses the need to strengthen its academic foundations with novel contributions which enhance its growing practice-informed body of knowledge [Earnshaw, S. 2014. The Handbook of Creative Writing. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press; Kroll, J., and G. Harper, Eds. [2012] 2019. Research Methods in Creative Writing. London: Red Globe; Morley, D. 2007. The Cambridge Introduction to Creative Writing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; Phillips, R., and H. Kara. 2021. Creative Writing for Social Research: A Practical Guide. Policy Press]. The present study suggests that storyworld possible selves theory [Martínez, M. A. 2014. “Storyworld Possible Selves and the Phenomenon of Narrative Immersion. Testing a New Theoretical Construct.” Narrative 22 (1): 110–131. doi:10.1353/nar.2014.0004; Martínez, M. A. 2018. Storyworld Possible Selves. Berlin: De Gruyter; Martínez, M. A. (forthcoming). “Storyworld Possible Selves.” In Routledge Companion to Literature and Cognitive Studies, edited by J. Alber and R. Schneider. Abingdon: Routledge] can enrich the epistemological foundations of creative writing and of its practice-based research and teaching, both by highlighting the importance of accounting for readers’ feelings of personal relevance through the activation of their self-schemas and possible selves, and by pinpointing the role of certain linguistic expressions of cognitive activity, frequent in fictional narrative discourse, which serve to prompt perspective sharing with narrative focalisers. In my study I argue that attention to the affordances of the concept of storyworld possible selves can not only help improve amateur writers’ skills, but also afford increased opportunities for related linguistic, narratological, and empirical research into creative writing in academic settings.

Understanding decision‐making processes of prospective adoptive parents: A mixed‐methods study

AbstractObjectiveThis study explores prospective adoptive parents' conceptions by testing hypotheses based on a decision‐making model proposed by Willis Hepp and colleagues grounded in symbolic interaction.BackgroundMultiple factors inform decisions to adopt. However, little is known about the decision‐making process as prospective adoptive parents consider this option.MethodSeventeen prospective adoptive parents were recruited using purposive sampling. An advanced concurrent mixed‐methods design was used to integrate findings from semistructured interviews and a survey using the FACES IV to generate more complete conclusions regarding the model.ResultsTen themes emerged related to prospective parents' conceptions of self and generalized others, including internalization of adoption as part of one's self, referencing families of origin in family formation thinking, and personal histories informing future visions. Pronatal, biological social pressures echo in families of origin that, combined with religious and other social experiences, impact decision‐making. Family cohesion, flexibility, and communication vary based on where they fall along a spectrum of decision‐making.ConclusionConceptions of self and others inform decision‐making, where some choose, and others wait or opt out of, adoptive parenthood.ImplicationsIt behooves practitioners to differentiate supports for individuals thinking about transition to adoptive parenthood based on their conceptions of self and generalized others.

Intercultural Communication Among the Bugis Community In Fostering Harmony Within The Buton Society

This study aims to understand and explain how intercultural communication between the Bugis and Buton ethnic groups fosters harmony within the Pajalele community in Baubau City and to identify the barriers faced by the Bugis in establishing harmony with the Buton community. A qualitative approach with a Symbolic Interactionism method was used. The study involved 7 informants: 3 Ambonese, 3 Bugis, and 1 Community Leader. Data was collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, which were then analyzed thematically to identify effective communication in different cultural contexts. The results indicate that there is distinct yet complementary communication between the Bugis and Buton ethnic groups. The Bugis people have successfully fostered harmony within the Buton community according to the concepts of Thought, Self, and Social. The communication barriers identified include differences in language, cultural values, and the ongoing development of stereotypes and prejudices between the two ethnic groups