Concept Of State Regulation Research Articles

Role of mechanisms regulating the environmental and economic development of mining industry in the formation of innovative environment of national economy

Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the scientific works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists on the problems of the national economy and its sectoral structure, subsoil use, sustainable development, state regulation, environmental economics, and environmental policy. The results of the work were obtained through the use of methods of analysis and synthesis, a dialectical approach, the method of analogy, scientific generalization, and the method of economic and comparative analysis. Results. The need for government influence on economic development is substantiated in order to effectively use the natural resource potential based on the extraction of minerals from the subsoil, as well as their exploration, development, primary processing, use and sale. The role of management mechanisms in the formation of an innovative model of balanced development of the national economy is determined, and the priorities of ecological and economic development of the mining industry are highlighted. The concept of state regulation is substantiated by the economic development of the mining industry, which varies between two extreme scenarios - active extractionof minerals in compliance with the requirements of effective use of natural resource potential and/or suspension of extraction of minerals in view of the interests of future generations and ecological imperatives. It has been proven that the improvement of the administrative and legal mechanisms of regulation of ecological and economic development should be carried out not so much through the introduction of new norms as by monitoring the implementation of existing provisions, as well as taking into account the experience of regulation of ecological and economic development in the system of national economies in the EU countries. Novelty. The specifics of the state regulation of ecological and economic development of the mining industry are revealed, which requires compliance with the principles established by law and will enable the implementation of relevant mechanisms for the purpose of forming an innovative environment of the ecological economy. Practical value. The results of the study are of an applied nature, since the study of the principles and issues of priorities of ecological and economic development in the system of the national economy in general and the mining industry, in particular, provides an opportunity to improve the implementation of mechanisms of state regulation aimed at the formation of innovative foundations of the ecological economy.

STATE REGULATION OF FOREIGN TRADE ACTIVITY: METHODS AND THEIR LEGAL ESSENCE

The authors carried out the analysis of current legislation of the Russian Federation and the Eurasian Economic Union, the practice of its application, the literature on the issue of state regulation of foreign trade activities. The concept of state regulation of foreign trade is given, the classification of these regulatory methods into types according to various criteria is presented. The Russian legislation contains an exhaustive list of methods for state regulation of foreign trade. However, application of specific methods depends on the type of goods. In connection therewith, the content of some of the most commonly used methods for state regulating foreign trade activity in practice is disclosed. At this, preference is given to the methods of customs tariff regulation, which include the customs tariff and customs duties. The relevance of the topic of state regulation of foreign trade is caused by the fact that foreign trade activity is currently becoming more and more colossal and covers all regions of the world, and therefore legal regulation of foreign trade is acquiring important socio-economic and sometimes political significance. So, in In January-August 2021, according to the data from the Bank of Russia, Russia's foreign trade turnover amounted to $492 billion dollars (137.8% by January-August 2020), including exports – $299 billion (144%), imports – $193 billion (129.2%). The trade balance remained positive, 106 billion US dollars (in January-August 2020 – positive, 58.3 billion dollars). Using the methods of observation, analysis, synthesis, comparison, interpretation of norms and others, the results were obtained that allow us to draw the following conclusions. When forming a foreign trade policy, the state needs to assess the regulatory impact on foreign trade in order to respond promptly to rapidly changing conditions in foreign markets functioning. Taking into account that the methods of state regulation of foreign trade activities are not systematized in the legislation, it is necessary to refer to the doctrine in which there is a classification of such methods into types. In addition, it is also necessary to take into account the fact that different methods of state regulation are applied to foreign trade in different goods.

THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS ON BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT

The article identifies theoretical approaches to the formation of a set of financial instruments that directly affect the development of enterprises. Objective and subjective factors that affect the dynamics and efficiency of financial instruments are identified. The expediency of using financial forecasting as one of the financial methods, which allows to predict the development of economic processes in the future, as well as financial planning. If financial forecasting is a strategy for developing state finances in a certain perspective, then financial planning is tactical ways to achieve this perspective. Emphasis is placed on the need to apply the budgeting system in financial planning, especially in the context of market relations and financial turbulence. It is determined that financial control is a necessary condition for uninterrupted, efficient and gradual business development. The classification of types, forms and methods of financial control is given. Peculiarities of financial regulation of activity of business entities are determined, the basic principles of the liberal concept and the concept of state regulation are considered. The main instrument of socio-economic development as a managed process in a market economy is the economic and legal mechanism of state regulation, which includes both the system of privileges and subsidiary financial means of development, as well as a set of regulations and measures aimed at limiting certain unsatisfactory consequences of economic activity. Moreover, the financial levers of influence on the development of business structures are given. Only the complex application of all financial instruments can ensure the qualitative development of business entities. Among all financial levers, a special place is occupied by taxes and fees, through which the state mobilizes funds to perform its functions, as well as affects and encourages entrepreneurial activity, promotes investment activity etc. In a market economy, the use of administrative methods of influence is too limited, and therefore the main emphasis in the regulation of the economy is on taxation and financial stimulation of business structures development. Issues of ensuring the financial stability of business entities, strengthening their financial security, as well as identifying factors that affect the state and development of enterprise financing may be topics for further research.

ВЗАЄМОДІЯ ПРАВООХОРОННИХ ТА ІНШИХ ОРГАНІВ ЯК ФАКТОР ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ВПЛИВУ НА ЕКОНОМІЧНУ БЕЗПЕКУ УКРАЇНИ

The article deals with issues related to the interaction of law enforcement and other bodies, as well as its impact on strengthening economic security in general. The concept of interaction should be understood as the concerted activity that, when detecting, disclosing and investigating criminal offenses, is carried out in accordance with the basic principles of interaction. Conditional interaction in the detection and investigation of criminal offenses can be considered depending on the type of activity with which it is related, namely: 1) interaction between operatives, investigator, prosecutor as a procedural leader and investigating judge in criminal proceedings; 2) interaction between pre-trial investigative bodies or court with specialists, experts and expert institutions; 3) interaction between law enforcement agencies or institutions in the framework of international cooperation. Having considered each of the types of interaction and the problematic issues related to them, the article offers options for solving these issues. Thus, with regard to the interaction related to the exercise of procedural guidance by the prosecutor, the submission (execution) of orders, obtaining the decision of the investigating judge, it is proposed to increase the resources of using electronic technologies in relation to the circulation of documents. In case of interaction between the pre-trial investigation bodies or the court with specialists, experts and expert institutions, it is suggested to create an opportunity to conduct preliminary express investigation at the place of detection of the criminal offense if necessary. With regard to cooperation in the framework of international cooperation, in our opinion, the state should pay attention to the establishment of processes of non-procedural cooperation between regional departments that are directly involved in investigations. In view of the above, the importance of the state’s role in solving the problems of interaction mentioned above and the need for state regulation of this issue have been emphasized. The concept of state regulation should be understood as an activity used by specially authorized bodies, regulated by the rules of law and aimed at ensuring the functioning of the state, taking into account its integrity, indivisibility, rights and freedoms of citizens as the highest social values.

Государственная социальная политика на современном этапе развития России

The effectiveness of the state social policy largely determines the production of quality public goods by state structures, the improvement of the demographic situation, the comprehensive development of human capital, the improvement of social well-being and the socio-economic development of the country as a whole. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to reseasch the main directions of state social policy in Russia and assess the effectiveness of the social sector. The methodological basis of the study was the Keynesian concept of state regulation of the economy, since the state sets basic social standards, provides social protection for the population and social guarantees. We conducted the study using Rosstat data reflecting the main indicators of the social sphere of Russia. We determined the overall effectiveness of State social policy on the basis of changes in demographic processes, indicators of the living standards of the population, the volume of state social expenditures, the functioning of the education system, health care and social services. We studied the difficult demographic situation in Russia. We considered indicators of the living standards of the population and a decrease in their level, an increase in poverty and a significant social stratification in society; analyzed government spending on education, health and social policy; summarized the main problems in the educational sphere in the provision of medical services and in the process of state social services of the population; established that the functioning of the social sphere does not fully meet social needs, and the activities of the social sector of the state are ineffective. The proposed study of state social policy demonstrates its relevance to Russian society.

Analysis of theoretical and methodical approaches to the definition of state regulation mechanisms in the field of construction

The article is devoted to questions of theoretical and methodological provision of state regulation ofeconomic systems, in particular the construction industry. The article presents the theoretical definition ofthe category of state regulation mechanism as the main structural element of this system. The analysis ofmechanisms of state regulation is carried out, the results of which are proposed classification of mechanismsof state regulation by the nature of their influence on the object of public administration. The analysis oftheoretical approaches to the definition of the concept of the state regulation mechanism gave the opportunityto develop a system of grouping these approaches, to identify their advantages and disadvantages and toformulate the author's definition of the concept of state regulation of the construction industry based on theachievements of the representatives of the system approach.The classification of mechanisms of state regulation has been carried out, which showed that themain means of influence on the object of state management can be accumulated in the following blocks:regulatory, organizational, economic, informational and tax. These are the components of the state'sregulatory policy aimed at streamlining economic activity, in particular in the field of construction. In theanalysis of theoretical and methodological approaches to the definition of the category of state regulation,three groups of these approaches are distinguished: structural, defining the components of state regulation,functional, describing the category from the point of view of those functions that it has to execute, and thesystem that reflects the complexity of the concept state regulation.

Modern Approaches to the Concept of state Regulation and Management in Socio-Economic Systems

Modern Approaches to the Concept of state Regulation and Management in Socio-Economic Systems

Государственное регулирование туриндустрии: возможные пути развития

The article is devoted to the theory and practice of state regulation in the sphere of tourism. The article considers the concept of state regulation, main tasks, functions, and objectives; the main elements of the system of state regulation. Confirmed are the need to change the forms and methods of state regulation in a market economy while maintaining the significant role of the state. The classification of measures of state regulation is proposed. The authors describe characteristic instruments of state regulation applied in accordance with Russian law, in relation to the tourism industry, the peculiarities of application of measures of state regulation of tourism at the regional level and the possibility of transferring some of them to the federal level, and the fixing of these legislative measures. Such measures may include the creation of material safety of organizations of the tourism industry, the classification by security category. It is proposed to form a national system for the protection of tourists aimed at increasing the responsibility of all executive authorities involved in this process. Special attention is paid to interaction of executive authorities and business on the basis of state-private partnership and regulation, in order to reduce administrative burden on tourism and hotel activities. Proposals are made on the transfer of authority to carry out the classification of the objects of the tourism industry bodies self-regulation of business in order to reduce public costs for the implementation of this activity and accountability of hotel organizations for the quality of services provided. Identified are measures to improve the quality of regulation: assessment of alternative ways of achieving this goal (to overcome the flaw of the market) at the stage of development of the draft of regulatory solutions; procedural restrictions on the adoption of measures required for implementation by business entities; providing public procedures of regulatory decision-making.

Forming the concept of state regulation of the small business economic system

This article discusses the issues related to the development of a concept of state regulation for the economic system of small business, formation and development of the economic system of small business relations in the specific conditions of market transformation of the Russian economy. The author explains the lack of self-sustainability of effective reproduction at the both former and extended scales of property relations in the process of formation of this system.