Concept Of Spatial Data Infrastructure Research Articles

Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) in Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) Continuum

Spatial data infrastructure (SDI) is a system that supports the management and use of geospatial data and related resources. It involves the creation and maintenance of a network of organizations, people, and technology that enables the sharing of geospatial data across sectors and stakeholders. In recent years, the growth of geospatial data and the increasing reliance on it by various sectors has led to the emergence of new trends in SDI, such as the use of cloud computing and big data analytics, the integration of geospatial data with other types of data, and the emphasis on open data and data interoperability. Volunteered geographic information (VGI) refers to geospatial data that is collected and contributed by individuals or groups, rather than traditional sources using the application of web 2.0 and location based applications, social media, mobile devices or say citizens as the censors. Crowdsourcing in geospatial data generation concept of VGI has changed the traditional concept of SDI having one way relationship as producers and users to the user driven SDI, where user create diverse, high quality data (spatial, temporal, attribute) and also use the data interoperable, transparently, world widely and free of cost. Various authors have discussed about the application of VGI in the world of the digital data and also point outs the possibility of integration of VGI in SDI as the starting of the new generation of SDI in the form of Global GIS platform, Data Spaces, System of Systems (SoS), Geoverse, Digital Earth, Digital Twin, Virtual Geographic Environment (VGEs). However, there exists multiple VGI challenges such as data quality, data structure, data differentiation, data copyright, and data confidentiality and privacy, but with the proper cooperation and partnerships, policy and legal arrangements, standard developments, financial arrangements, inter/intra communication and added advantages of web 3.0, concept of Global Digital Ecosystem containing Geoverse, SDI and SoS is possible. Hence, VGI is the present and also the future in this SDI continuum.

THE SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURE OF AN URBAN DIGITAL TWIN IN THE BUILDING ENERGY DOMAIN USING OGC STANDARDS

Abstract. As the world has more urbanized, cities need to assess and manage their building energy performances in order to achieve energy-reduction goals. The urban digital twins (UDT) offer promising solutions to this demand by providing valuable insights with qualitative and quantitative information about the building environment. The urban building energy data is not only measured from the equipped sensor devices but can also be simulated based on the analysis software. In this research, we aim to explore the development of the spatial data infrastructure (SDI) for managing building energy in the UDT application by employing the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards which increases the data usability and efficiency. In our concept SDI, the big data in the UDT application is managed with the OGC specifications as follows: OGC SensorThings API (STA) for data with Spatio-temporal characteristics, OGC API 3D GeoVolumes for 3D geospatial content delivery, OGC CityGML for virtual 3D city models, OGC API Features, Web Feature Service (WFS), and Web Map Service (WMS) for other 2D geospatial contents. This concept enables broad interoperability between multiple data layers and client applications. As a proof of concept, we developed the UDT application called with a highly visual and intuitive user interface using the proposed SDI concept as a part of the EnSysLE project in the study area of three regions in Germany: Ludwigsburg, Dithmarschen, and Ilm-Kreis. The proposed concept can be expanded to other UDT domains and on a larger scale in future work.

A Theoretical Proposition for Spatial Data Infrastructure On-Going Improvement

The past three decades have seen technology become ubiquitous and impact on many fields academically and in professional practice. In geo-information, data acquisition and management have manifested through technologies such as global positioning systems, remote sensing, geographical information systems, unmanned aerial vehicles and improved photogrammetric processes. With all these improved technological capabilities, geospatial data collection, processing and dissemination have become possible in greater proportions. To reap from this technological boom, the geospatial information community has come up with a pervasive and network enabling concept called spatial data infrastructure (SDI). Over the years, several countries have embraced the SDI concept to shape policy, build and share geospatial information resources. Some levels of successes have been reported in number of developed countries while developing countries have struggled. For instance, in 2010, SDI state of play assessment results of nine African countries averaged 30.70 over 56 or 0.55 while the SDI readiness index of the same countries averaged 0.50 on an index scale of 0 to 1 in 2016. The 2010 and 2016 assessments concluded that in African countries, SDI development was slow. To address the problem of slow SDI development in Africa, this paper proposes an on-going improvement theoretical approach anchored on the theory of constraints.

Research Prospects in Spatial Data Infrastructure for Handling Energy Linked Disaster’s

This paper elaborates research prospects in the recent scenario, which identifies the use of Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) in the design of interdisciplinary geo-information systems for decision support systems to handle energy linked disasters at different scales for all user groups. The realization of the SDI potential as subsidiary for resolving sustainable local & global energy complications depends on multiple factors including reliable access to well-harmonized information. The work also introduces to an emerging digital geo-information infrastructure and policy framework at global, regional, national and local levels. The concept of SDI as a tool presents the notion for networked SDIs, designed and implemented to serve various specific applications at the national, regional or municipal level. Handling energy linked disasters could be such an application sector. The work illuminates the necessity of the legal and regulatory changes to be done in order to achieve the SDI framework. The work wishes at comprehending role of SDI in providing policy solutions for complex problems embedded with energy linked disaster caused due to conflict over energy issues with a scientific challenge. The work also examines the relationship between competition for energy resources and the inclination for conflict in the coming future taking the argument well beyond issues of energy politics and the significance of oil and gas to the global market, the work offers significant new findings concerning the impact of energy wealth on life and the economies. It also explores the ways attempting to uphold the energy interests in the newly independent states, and the impact of competition on regional security. Believe it or not, conflict is an untapped source for creativity and energy. The paper proposes a prototype with a set of recommended practices in the development of SDI on clear political accountability to its integrity to address the role as a framework for facilitating local and global energy linked disaster. It is discussed that the design and implementation of an SDI model framework can assist the managing agencies to improve the quality of their decision-makings at all level of the activities. This includes the development of a prototype web-based system which can facilitate sharing, access and use of data in energy linked disaster management and especially disaster response.

The role of geospatial data in management of Croatian national parks

Nature protection, especially protection of most valuable parts enclosed in national parks and nature parks is today unthinkable without quality and updated geospatial data organized in efficient geographical information systems. Due to the fact that modern management today is based on geospatial information it resulted with definition of spatial data infrastructure concept. On the national level nature protection is also enclosed with national spatial data infrastructure so that creation and usage of geospatial information hast to be conducted in synergy between the stakeholders of the national infrastructure. For the purpose of synergetic cooperation models development and solving of present problems, Ministry of culture – Nature protection directorate, State geodetic administration and State institute for nature protection have in cooperation with the Norwegian mapping and cadastre authority (Statens kartverk) accomplished PAMS (Protected Area Management System) project on the location of National park Kornati. Results and findings accomplished through this project are presented in this article.

Towards institutional and organisational framework for the National spatial data infrastructure development in Serbia

Spatial data infrastructure (SDI) represents a concept that tends to create a context for cooperation and exchange of data, information and knowledge between a particular spatial data community’s stakeholders. Thus, the aim of SDI concept development is to establish a common spatially supported platform for making right decisions relevant for economic progress, good governance and sustainable development within a certain domain or jurisdiction, i.e. administrative level. Today, the majority of launched SDI initiatives are on the national level that is also identified as the crucial one for evolution of this concept in general. Additionally, recent research has proven that national SDI (NSDI) developments have become prevailingly social phenomena since interactions between their stakeholders appeared to be critical for achieving purpose of these initiatives, and SDI concept vision in general. Therefore, the aim of this article is to propose an appropriate social, i.e. institutional and organisational framework, for NSDI development in Serbia.

A Tale of Two Trajectories: How Spatial Data Infrastructures Travel in Time and Space

The notion of a spatial data infrastructure (SDI) was conceived in Canada and the United States in the early 1990s, and has since then traveled to Europe, Asia, Latin America, and Africa. In this article, the concept of SDI is understood as a myth, a mobilizing and at the same time seductive tale that inspires actors to enact reality. This article first shows what myths underlie the notion of SDI in the American discourse, and then examines how the notion of SDI was reinterpreted and domesticated in the African SDI discourse. Thereafter it reflects on domestication of SDI in Africa using Rottenburg's theory of iterating processes of consensus and knowledge differentiation.

Global spatial data infrastructure

In this paper, the explanation of the term and concept of spatial data infrastructure is represented. It is emphasized the role of global spatial data infrastructure to support the joint efforts, worldwide, for the sustainable development of environment protection and efficient decision-making. Geo-information technology and spatial data infrastructure have an important role in the modern world by providing the possibility of governments, local communities, organizations, business sector, academic community and ordinary people progress in solving many problems. Most of these problems have regional or global character. International organization and institutions around the globe provide and share global spatial data about the state of globe and its changes, stressing the importance of public access to information and international cooperation. Approach in building the global infrastructure of spatial data requires the culture of joint working and sharing of spatial data as a common good. Significant support to the global spatial data infrastructure provides cartographic initiative Global Map and the development of geo-information products and services prominent the Earth Viewers. The development of global spatial data infrastructure is undoubtedly a step forward civilization but further increase the problems of privacy, public and national security.

Future directions for SDI development

Understanding the role of spatial data infrastructure (SDI) in the society is important to acceptance of the concept and its alignment with spatial industry objectives. Much has been done to describe and understand the components and operation of different aspects of SDIs and their integration into the spatial data community. However, what is often miss-understood is that the role SDI plays is by necessity greater than the sum of individual components of SDI and stakeholder groups.SDI is fundamentally about facilitation and coordination of the exchange and sharing of spatial data between stakeholders in the spatial data community. To this end, the authors propose that the roles of SDI have been pursued through two different approaches: product- and process-based. Both approaches have value, but contribute to the evolution, uptake and utilization of the SDI concept in different ways. They provide different frameworks for dealing with SDI mandates for the objectives of spatial data access and sharing.This paper reviews the nature and concept of SDI, including the components, which have helped to build the current understanding about the importance of an infrastructure to support the interactions of the spatial data community. Several examples of how SDIs have been described are offered to aid understanding of their complexity. The need for descriptions to represent the discrepancies between the role and deliverables of an SDI, and thus, contribute to a simpler, but dynamic, understanding of the complexity of the SDI concept, are postulated. The transition between the understanding of SDIs from product-based to process-based approaches is investigated, with a review of the positions taken by current SDI initiatives throughout the world. A model of how these approaches provide a framework to meet the mandates of the relevant jurisdictions is proposed, and factors contributing to the success of such positions in the future are discussed.

The Cultural Aspects of Sharing and Dynamic Partnerships Within an SDI Hierarchy

The need to create multi-participant, decision-supported environments to address the issues of sustainable development and improving the quality of life creates a growing need to organise data across disciplines and organisations through different forms of spatial data infrastructure (SDI). This infrastructure is fundamentally a concept about facilitation and coordination of the exchange and sharing of spatial data between stakeholders from different jurisdictional levels in the spatial data community. The concept is well explained as an integrated, multi-levelled hierarchy of interconnected SDIs based on partnerships at corporate, local, state/provincial, national, regional (multi-national) and global (GSDI) levels. The creation of such an infrastructure and understanding the role of dynamic partnerships within an SDI hierarchy are essential to develop any SDI initiative. This paper reviews the nature and concept of SDIs, including the SDI hierarchy, which has helped to build understanding about the impo...