Concept Of Social Market Economy Research Articles

КОНЦЕПЦІЯ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО РИНКОВОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА В ПОВОЄННОМУ ВІДНОВЛЕННІ УКРАЇНИ

Досліджено концептуальні основи соціального ринкового господарства, яке ґрунтується на неоліберальній течії наукової думки, що була успішно реалізована в процесі повоєнного відродження Німеччини. Визначено, що створені за період реформ економічні, правові й соціальні інститути, які забезпечили успішний повоєнний розвиток ФРН, стали результатом реалізації на практиці концепції соціального ринкового господарства. Систематизовано методологічні й теоретичні основи неоліберального вчення –– теорії конкурентного порядку, а також основних принципів теорії соціального ринкового господарства. Розкрито зміст поняття «господарський порядок», яке включає такі застереження: по-перше, найбільш сприятливі умови підприємницької діяльності не виникають спонтанно, а по-друге, щоб його елементи склалися в систему, потрібні державні зусилля, які б упорядкували правила на ринку. Показано, що концепція соціального ринкового господарства являє собою сукупність взаємопов’язаних принципів. Надано характеристику кожного з них. Доведено, що теоретичні напрацювання неолібералізму і концепції соціального ринкового господарства можуть бути використані при розробці стратегії повоєнної відбудови української економіки. Показано, що, незважаючи на те, що Україна конституційно закріпила модель соціально орієнтованої економіки, реформи не здійснювалися в інтересах більшості населення, тобто не були практичною формою реалізації концепції соціального ринкового господарства. Успішне повоєнне відновлення української економіки можливе шляхом імплементації концепції соціального ринкового господарства з урахуванням історичних особливостей її розвитку. Зазначено, що тільки науково обґрунтована економічна політика, яка врахує досвід успішних країн, з використанням комплексного підходу до вирішення економічних проблеми і послідовним їх здійсненням на основі соціально спрямованих заходів, може вивести Україну на цивілізований шлях розвитку.

Is There Room for Food Sovereignty Considerations in EU Competition Policy? A Theoretical Framework

So far, the notion of food sovereignty has not claimed a place at the table of competition law. Although competition law developments in the last four decades have promoted the exclusive dominance of efficiency considerations, the next few years may bring a turning point through the recognition that in the long term economic efficiency also requires social and environmental sustainability, especially in a sector like agriculture. Although family farming has always been dominant in Europe, recent trends of concentration and consolidation in the agricultural and food supply chain as well as globalisation itself have shaken European agricultural producers who face several competition-related problems. This article aims to shed light on whether the theoretical framework of EU competition law and policy are appropriate for the notion of food sovereignty to join the discourse. In order to do so, the article presents the main tenets of ordoliberalism, the prevailing school of thought in EU competition policy, in particular the findings of those ordoliberal scholars who deal with the issues of agriculture. Moreover, the article aims to theorise sovereignty in food sovereignty, in parallel with bringing it into line with ordoliberalism, in order to explore whether the concept of social market economy, one of the key concepts of ordoliberalism explicitly followed by the EU, and in particular ordoliberal competition policy to be realised within the framework of the social market economy, is suitable to take into account food sovereignty’s core elements at least at a theoretical level. If it is, it may bring to the fore a viewpoint of EU competition policy which ensures appropriate protection for the agricultural sector to overcome the newly emerging anomalies faced by European agricultural producers as a consequence of globalising markets. Keywords: food sovereignty, competition law, competition policy, ordoliberalism, agriculture, United States of America, European Union. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3935/cyelp.18.2022.468 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution − Non-Commercial − No Derivatives 4.0 International License. Suggested citation: MM Csirszki, ‘Is There Room for Food Sovereignty Considerations in EU Competition Policy? A Theoretical Framework’ (2022) 18 CYELP 83.

How do Social and Economic Rights Relate to Each Other in the Social Market Economy: An Introduction to this Special Issue

The term ‘social market economy’ was introduced in the Treaty on European Union in order to emphasise that social and economic objectives of the European Union are both important, and have to be reconciled with each other. This contribution describes how social objectives have been developed in EU law since the establishment of the European Economic Community. The Court of Justice of the European Union has interpreted Treaty provisions to give them maximum effect for the realization of these objectives. However, tensions with the economic objectives exist when economic freedoms are confronted with social rights. This contribution examines how the CJEU balances these interests, and how this relates to the social market economy. There are also areas where economic rights have no counterpart at the EU level, but where they interact with social policies of Member States. Here too, the concept of social market economy is relevant. After a discussion of these various dimensions of the term social market economy, the subsequent articles of this Special Issue are introduced.

Ordolieral Roots of Ecological Market Economy

Abstract Western Germany introduced the model of a Social Market Economy after World War II. This model has become an example of socio-economic reforms for many European countries. In the initial phase of the development of the new socio-economic policy concept, the postulate of "prosperity for all" was especially appealing as it considers economic policy and social policy as a whole. In subsequent years of development, particularly at the end of the twentieth century, the model of a Social Market Economy has become a source of foundation for creating new concepts and ideas that would include more aspects of responsible and sustainable development combined with proper care for resources and the natural environment. In the view of this, the aim of this paper is to attempt to answer the question of to what extent the Social Market Economy model can lay the foundation for sustainable, responsible and ecological development. In order to be able to answer such a research question, the author based his reasoning and analyses on the theory of ordoliberalism and the following research methods: factual analysis, comparative analysis and analysis of selected publications. The main findings of the research are that the concept of Social Market Economy contains numerous elements that can foster the implementation of the sustainable, responsible and ecological development of countries and societies.

Wilhelm Röpke and the Role of “Moral Capital” for the Social Market Economy

Abstract This paper portrays the contribution of Wilhelm Röpke (1899-1966) to business ethics and social responsibility of entrepreneurs. First, Röpke’s critique of liberalism and his concept of social market economy are emphasized. Afterward, we analyze the normative foundations of Röpke’s concept of the entrepreneur. He called for the moral responsibility of business actors and perceived it as “moral capital.” Moreover, we discuss the relevance of Röpke in the contemporary context of international business practice. Finally, the role of entrepreneurial morality for the emergence of institutional frameworks for international business is discussed.

Antonio Rosmini’s Social Ethics and his Relationship to German Thought

Abstract Putting the economic and social–ethical thought of Rosmini in relationship to the German tradition of social market economy, either a pertinent collocation of the liberal catholic thinker Rosmini or new perspectives for the concept of social market economy, which is in search for a new identity, have been made. The justification of this paper lies in the fact that Rosmini introduced the idea of social justice right in the sense of social market economy, on the one hand, and in the way in which the late 19th-centrury economic theory in Italy received his economic thought, on the other hand. Hence, despite his theoretical and cultural distance from Röpke, both have many interesting economic reflections in common.

Uticaj globalizacije na radno pravo (post)tranzicionih zemalja

The subject matter of this research is the influence of the current globalization and harmonization of labour law within the European integration as part of the globalization process which is reflected in changes in the field of labour law in (post) transitional countries. The current stage of labour law development is based on the harmonization of labour law with the European Union labour law, the concept of social market economy and the change of the labour world under the impact of the concept of neoliberal globalization. The analyses shows that the idea of globalization as organized, gradual historical process of establishing world community, partly through international law (including international labour law), differs from the idea of neoliberal globalization commenced in the 1980s. The course of further development of national labour law depends on the adjustment of European labour law and labour law in the EU member states to the most important changes in the world of labour and capital. It further points to the importance of a creative approach to making labour legislation development programs and developing labour legislation in general. The analysis first addresses the question whether the changes of labour law are predominantly the consequence of adjustment to global or national economic and social circumstances. The analysis shows that the changes of international and European labour law, due to globalization, mostly affect the changes of labour law in (post)transitional countries. That view is also supported by the tendency of introducing new institutes in the area of individual labour law, such as: protection of labour security of 'whistleblowers', protection of workers' rights in case of change of employer, or protection in the area of collective bargaining, such as inter alia: ensuring the representativeness of social partners, institutionalization of peaceful labour dispute resolution and settlement, and others.

Economic Constitution of the European Union, before and after Lisbon (between the principle of Competition and the “Social Market Economy”)

This paper registers some notes and interrogations concerning the express legal enshrinement of the concept of Social Market Economy. It highlights the ordoliberal origin of this concept and questions its meaning – associated with a certain loss of intensity from the clear proclamation of the principle of Competition – in terms of the economic ordination of the Internal Market and European integration. However, the question to be asked brings us back to the effective and contextualised characterisation in the current moment of European integration – the economic Constitution of the EU. Will there be, then, a change of the ideological referential in the economic constitution of the EU and, consequently, in the paths that are intended to be trailed in the future? Or, instead, is the emergence of the express enshrinement in the Treaty of the “Social MarketEconomy” not indicative of a shift of perspective (sense of direction) of the economy in the Internal Market, but only an evolution in continuance?

A SOCIAL ENTERPRISE IS A MEANS OF RESOLVING THE PROBLEMS OF THE MODERN ECONOMY

This article aims to answer the question of whether social enterprise can be a way of solving the problems of the modern economy. Contemporary systemic economic crisis, social and environmental one highlighted the effects of the dominant doctrine of neoliberal from a deficit of values and share the moral weakness of financial law and the state, through deregulation leading to the separation of finance from the real economy, generating financial crisis, followed by the economic crisis and the debt which is the cause of social inequality, unemployment and poverty on an unprecedented scale. The author of the article makes a theoretical analysis of selected publications by the dominant economic doctrines evidencing that the countries which apply the principles of social market economy, much less suffer economic problems. Next, he describes the German ordoliberal concept of social market economy and social enterprise in terms of European, American and Asian. The conclusion of the analysis is the assertion that ordoliberal order of model of social market economy, supplemented by a social enterprise it seems to be optimal, natural and complementary solution to the socio-economic problems of the modern economy.

CJEU and the Social Market Economy Goal of the EU

From the entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty the EU has among its constitutional objectives the goal of achieving a highly competitive social market economy. It is for the first time in the history of integration, that the concept of social market economy found its way into the Treaty objectives. At the same time, however, the EU has not been given any specific powers to actively develop social policies. The social market economy objective is therefore largely seen as a requirement for a more balanced approach in situations where liberalizing logic of the internal market and its economic freedoms collides with social rights and security systems, which are traditionally strong in many EU countries. Such understanding of the social market economy objective increases the role of European Court of Justice (CJEU), as the Member States, through the legislative process, have not shown so far any willingness to modify by legislative acts the relationship between economic freedoms and social rights. In the pre-Lisbon period the CJEU disappointed the left side of the EU´s political spectrum by several of its judgments in which the judges gave priority to economic freedoms over social rights. It is therefore interesting to review whether the CJEU has accepted the signal brought about by changes in the primary law of the EU and whether it has approached differently the balance between economic freedoms and social rights in the name of achieving the EU´s objective of social market economy.

Nuevos planteamientos de justicia social en la UE en el marco de la estrategia 2020

Este trabajo parte del análisis de los datos sobre la creciente situación de pobreza y exclusión social en la UE y las consecuencias de los recortes en las políticas sociales. En medio de esta situación, atendemos a cómo entiende actualmente la Unión Europea el concepto de economía social de mercado y al equilibrio o no de los aspectos de estímulo de la competitividad, frente a la justicia social. Para ello nos detenemos especialmente en algunas iniciativas europeas recientes que consideramos especialmente ilustrativas de este enfoque, tales como las referidas a las empresas sociales, a la innovación social, a la responsabilidad social corporativa o la inversión social.

Comparison of models socially-oriented economies

In the paper the models of socially-oriented economies are characterized. It is revealed the concept of social market economy and social functions of the state. The composition of social policy is determined. It is characterized such models of socially-oriented economies as continental, Anglo-Saxon, Scandinavian, Southern European, neoliberal and paternalistic. It is proved that the most successful version of the welfare state is a Scandinavian welfare model. It is conducted the comparison of the social economy models. It is defined the criteria by which models of the social market economy differ. It is proved that under current economic conditions a new paradigm of social policy that combines three forces: state, market and civil society. It is highlighted the general trends of functioning of the European social-oriented economies.

Dyskursy podstaw przedsiębiorczości

The article discusses the discourses which describe entrepreneurship and market and state relations in the perspective of the social market economy in Polish Entrepreneurship Education textbooks. The author points out that dominant in the textbooks is the economic model of entrepreneurship. He also notes that the concept of social market economy, indicated in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland as the bedrock of the economic system, appears only in some textbooks.