Cross-layer Design Concept Research Articles

Wireless Caching: Making Radio Access Networks More than Bit-Pipelines

Caching has attracted much attention recently because it holds the promise of scaling the service capability of radio access networks (RANs). We envision that caching will ultimately make next-generation RANs more than bit-pipelines and emerge as a multi-disciplinary area via the union with communications, pricing, recommendation, compression, and computation units. By summarizing cutting-edge caching policies, we trace a common root of their gains to the prolonged transmission time, which is then traded for higher spectral or energy efficiency. To realize caching, the physical layer and higher layers have to function together, with the aid of prediction and memory units, which substantially broadens the concept of cross-layer design to a multi-unit collaboration methodology. We revisit caching from a generalized cross-layer perspective, with a focus on its emerging opportunities, challenges, and theoretical performance limits. To motivate the application and evolution of caching, we conceive a hierarchical pricing infrastructure that provides incentives to network operators and users. To make RANs even more proactive, we design caching and recommendation jointly, showing a user what it might be interested in and what has been done for it. Furthermore, the user-specific demand prediction motivates edge compression and proactive MEC as new applications. The beyond-bit-pipeline RAN is a paradigm shift that brings with it many cross-disciplinary research opportunities.

Cross-Layer Design pada Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network berbasis EDCA dan H.264/SVC

A new approach in transmission of multimedia application over Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has developed new technologie, Wireless Multimedia Sensor Network (WMSN). However, multimedia data including audio, video, images and scalar data requires different Quality of Service based on the application. This research proposes a new approach based on cross-layer design concept using H.264/SVC and IEEE 802.11e/EDCA standard to optimize the existing protocols. The result shows that video applications can obtain bandwidth and packets end-to-end delay based on Quality of Service requirement during the transmission process over WMSN. Hence, the cross-layer design concept succeeded in optimizing the video transmission over WMSN.

A Receiver-Centric OFCDM Approach with Subcarrier Grouping

In this letter, following a cross-layer design concept, we propose a novel subcarrier grouping technique for Orthogonal Frequency and Code Division Multiplexing (OFCDM) multiuser systems. We adopt a two dimensional (2D) spreading, so as to achieve both frequency- and time-domain channel gain. Furthermore, we enable a receiver-centric approach, where the receiver rather than a potential sender controls the admission decision of the communication establishment. We study the robustness of the proposed scheme in terms of the Bit-Error-Rate (BER) and the outage probability. The derived results indicate that the proposed scheme outperforms the classical OFCDM approach.

Joint Optimization of Resource Allocation and User QoS Satisfaction Control for Efficient Grid Resource Management and Scheduling

This paper exploits the interlayer coupling of a cross-layer design concept in Grid computing environment. An algorithm for joint optimization of resource allocation and user quality-of-service (QoS) satisfaction control that combines both application-centric and system-centric scheduling benefits is proposed. The algorithm aims to maximize the global utility as well as the QoS is guaranteed. We formulate the problem into a constrained optimization problem. The simulations demonstrate the advantage of the proposed scheduling algorithm by comparing with application-centric and system-centric scheduling algorithm, respectively.

A Cross-Layer Scheme for Handover in 802.16e Network with F-HMIPv6 Mobility

IEEE802.16e is the major global cellular wireless standard that enables low-cost mobile Internet application. However, existing handover process system still has latency affects time-sensitive applications. In this paper, the handover procedures of 802.16e and Fast Handover for Hierarchical MIPv6 (F-HMIPv6) are reconstructed to achieve a better transmission performance. The concept of cross layer design is adopted to refine the existing handover procedure specified in 802.16e MAC layer and F-HMIPv6. More specifically, layer2 and layer3 signaling messages for handover are analyzed and combined/interleaved to optimize the handover performance. Extensive simulations show that the proposed scheme in this paper is superior to the other scheme proposed by IETF.

Cross-Layer Design for QoS Support in Multihop Wireless Networks

Due to such features as low cost, ease of deployment, increased coverage, and enhanced capacity, multihop wireless networks such as ad hoc networks, mesh networks, and sensor networks that form the network in a self-organized manner without relying on fixed infrastructure is touted as the new frontier of wireless networking. Providing efficient quality of service (QoS) support is essential for such networks, as they need to deliver real-time services like video, audio, and voice over IP besides the traditional data service. Various solutions have been proposed to provide soft QoS over multihop wireless networks from different layers in the network protocol stack. However, the layered concept was primarily created for wired networks, and multihop wireless networks oppose strict layered design because of their dynamic nature, infrastructureless architecture, and time-varying unstable links and topology. The concept of cross-layer design is based on architecture where different layers can exchange information in order to improve the overall network performance. Promising results achieved by cross-layer optimizations initiated significant research activity in this area. This paper aims to review the present study on the cross-layer paradigm for QoS support in multihop wireless networks. Several examples of evolutionary and revolutionary cross-layer approaches are presented in detail. Realizing the new trends for wireless networking, such as cooperative communication and networking, opportunistic transmission, real system performance evaluation, etc., several open issues related to cross-layer design for QoS support over multihop wireless networks are also discussed in the paper.

On Cross-Layer Design for Streaming Video Delivery in Multiuser Wireless Environments

We exploit the interlayer coupling of a cross-layer design concept for streaming video delivery in a multiuser wireless environment. We propose a cross-layer optimization between application layer, data link layer, and physical layer. Our aim is to optimize the end-to-end quality of the wireless streaming video application as well as efficiently utilizing the wireless resources. A possible architecture for achieving this goal is proposed and formulated. This architecture consists of the process of parameter abstraction, a cross-layer optimizer, and the process of decision distribution. In addition, numerical results obtained with different operating modes are provided. The results demonstrate the potential of this proposed joint optimization.

Military multi-hop routing protocol

Military tactical network is one of the most important applications of ad hoc network. Currently the existing routing protocols are put forward based on the simple and universal network model which has the ability of multi-hop routing but cannot work efficiently in the special military applications. The narrow bandwidth and limited energy of the wireless network make general routing protocols seem to be more redundant. In order to satisfy military needs properly, this letter makes a detailed analysis of physical nodes and traffic distribution in military network, uses cross-layer design concept for reference, combines traffic characteristic of application layer with routing protocol design. It categorized routing problem as crucial routes and non-crucial routes which adopted separate maintenance methods. It not only realizes basic transmission function but also works efficiently. It is quite fit for military application.