Concept Of Contamination Research Articles

The Concept of Contamination in Transuniverse Relations: Napoleon in a Fictional World

Richard J. Gerrig revisited one of the most persistent myths of literary theory, Coleridge’s “willing suspension of disbelief” to point out that, contrary to what the English poet believed, our natural proclivity is not to disbelieve, but to believe that everything is true, even fiction. He reversed Coleridge’s concept and revealed that the real effort on the part of the reader is the “construction of disbelief” when one reads fiction; we do not need to willingly suspend disbelief since we naturally believe. But then what happens when one reads a novel in which real historical figures such as Napoleon are mentioned, or even used as characters? The best way to answer this question is to adopt similar conclusions as the ones reached by Brian McHale in Postmodernist Fiction regarding authors who project themselves into their fiction, metalepsis of the author in other words: “the supposedly absolute reality of the author becomes just another level of fiction, and the real world retreats to a further remove.” Thus, when authors enter their fiction, they become fictional themselves and reality is dissolved within fiction. I argue in this article that when a real person enters a fictional space, she or he is contaminated by its ontological environment, that is to say fiction.

Alter-azioni. Forme e temporalità della decomposizione nel progetto

The article explores the role of decay and its distinctive temporalities, highlighting the need to deal with change, randomness and disorder, to cultivate an attitude open to non-human other- ness, as part of an expanded concept of agency. The decomposition process of the dead tree as an access key to illustrate the importance of reasoning on co-becoming for the landscape project. A relationship that undoes the form, tears it apart, and infects it with otherness. Decomposing is a useful conceptual tool for thinking about biological diversity in the city and for changing the very vocabulary of the project, towards the concept of contamination. The article investigates the saproxylic insects, to discuss some methodologies aimed at interspecies practice, such as decentralizing human-centred ethics, adopting the animal point of view and hypothesizing the queering of the conventional canons of public space.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ПАРАМЕТРОВ МАТЕРИАЛА ПОВЕРХНОСТИ И ТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫХ РЕЖИМОВ НА ЕЕ ЗАГРЯЗНЯЕМОСТЬ

The main sources of contamination of dairy raw materials are the technological equipment for collection, storage and transportation. The processes of reducing the degree of contamination of surfaces in contact with raw milk - washing and disinfection - are considered. According to the applied method of influencing pollution: chemical, physical, physico-chemical, the material of equipment surfaces in contact with raw materials is selected. Some adhesive properties of materials in relation to a pollutant (raw milk) and to a detergent and disinfectant (water, an aqueous solution of a detergent) were studied. The concept of contamination is a property of a material characterized by the ability to reduce the adhesive properties of a pollutant in contact with the surface, introduced to characterize the material. The results of an experimental study of the influence of material parameters (polymers and metals) and temperature regimes on the adhesion properties of a pollutant - milk with a fat content of 3.2% are presented in the work. An analysis of the results showed certain dependences of the surface contamination on the contact angle of wetting and the temperature regimes of the process. The following conclusions are made based on the results of the study: the surface material and temperature conditions have the same effect on the adhesion properties of both the pollutant and the detergent; the polymeric material is subject to less contamination, which is characterized by lower costs of the detergent during the washing process; the temperature regime directly affects the adhesive properties of the material, pollutant and detergent, while an increase in temperature reduces the wetting angle, and a decrease in temperature increases it; The roughness of the material affects the contact angle.

Connected Matters

This article is preoccupied with the dramaturgies and collaborations between human and more-than-human agents in contemporary eco-performance. Putting Anna Tsing’s concept of contamination as collaboration as well as Maria Puig de la Bellacasa’s notion of care time into dialogue with theatre and performance studies, the article investigates Danish choreographer Nana Fransisca Schottländer’s performance Bodyscaping, arguing that contemporary eco-performance does not only represent, but also practice care.

Community sharing: Contextualizing Western research notions of contamination within an Indigenous research paradigm.

Báa nnilah is a chronic illness self-management program designed by and for the Apsáalooke (Crow) community. Arising from a collaboration between an Indigenous nonprofit organization and a university-based research team, Báa nnilah's development, implementation, and evaluation have been influenced by both Indigenous and Western research paradigms (WRPs). Báa nnilah was evaluated using a randomized wait-list control group design. In a WRP, contamination, or intervention information shared by the intervention group with the control group, is actively discouraged as it makes ascertaining causality difficult, if not impossible. This approach is not consonant with Apsáalooke cultural values that include the encouragement of sharing helpful information with others, supporting an Indigenous research paradigm's (IRP) goal of benefiting the community. The purpose of this paper is to address contamination and sharing as an area of tension between WRP and IRP. We describe how the concepts of contamination and sharing within Báa nnilah's implementation and evaluation are interpreted differently when viewed from these contrasting paradigms, and set forth a call for greater exploration of Indigenous research approaches for developing, implementing, and evaluating intervention programs in Indigenous communities. (Improving Chronic Illness Management with the Apsáalooke Nation: The Báa nnilah Project.: NCT03036189), ClinicalTrials. gov: NCT03036189).

Ancient human DNA: A history of hype (then and now)

In this article on the history of ancient DNA research, we argue that the innovation of next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the early 2000s has ushered in a second hype cycle much like the first hype cycle the field experienced in the 1990s with the advent of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). While the first hype cycle centered around the search for the oldest DNA, the field’s current optimism today promotes the rhetoric of revolution surrounding the study of ancient human gnomes. This is evidenced from written sources and personal interviews with researchers who feel the vast amount of data, the conclusions being made from this data, and the ever-increasing celebrity status of the field are perhaps moving too fast for their own good. Here, we use the concept of contamination, in both a literal and figurative understanding of the term, to explore the field’s continuities and disparities. We also argue that a number of additional, figurative interpretations of “contamination” are useful for navigating the current debate between geneticists and archaeologists regarding the origin, evolution, and migration of ancient humans across space and time. Our historical outlook on aDNA’s disciplinary development, we suggest, is necessary to accurately appreciate the state of the field, how it came to be, and where it might go in the future.

Estrategia estética-significante (postestructuralista) en el Memorial del Holocausto

<p>Since it was selected in 1998, the Memorial has been immersed in numerous debates that reached a level of controversy throughout 2017. This work conceived by Peter Eisenman and Richard Serra, was modified and carried out only by Peter Eisenman. The debates and controversies amassed have allowed for certain clarifications that exceed the original claims of the authors, but in any case, it seems that they were confirmed in their possibility or in their contingency. These facts show the relationship between the object and subject in the significant act, in its different approaches: from the interaction with the work, the intersubjective relations – self-referent or not – the interaction between subject and object, subject and context, subject and interpretation. Until moving the significant capability from the original indications to the new context, that can in any case re-configure a new sign. In this, the sketch is seen as a post-metaphysical aesthetic structure beyond the concept of an open work; adding the temporal dimension that underlines the distinction between difference and differ, in two moments: the constitution of the sign and its temporary displacement. This exemplifies the concepts of différence and différance by Jacques Derrida, together with the concepts of contamination or the appearance of contraband meanings, including the event that Eisenman longed for.</p>

Schizoanalysis as a Method in Artistic Research

This exposition uses concepts of contamination, sponge and plasticity to approach the heterogeneity of a schizoanalytic practice - and as such as a method for artistic research. These concepts are singular to my research on the amalgamation of performance, subjectivity and contemporary forms of capitalism. My argument is to a large extent based on the theoretical thinking and practical works of Félix Guattari. The singular concept of ‘sponge’, developed here, can be linked to Guattari’s concept of chaosmosis and to the concept of plasticity, which has been reworked from its Hegelian comprehension by Catherine Malabou. The foundation of my research is my artistic practice in the field of performance art. It is a practice based research including three artistic works – “Loop Variations” (2008), “Life in Bytom” (2012) and “Astronomer” (2014). My aim is to predicate it within the larger context cognitive capitalism, the neoliberal economy and post-industrial labour. Artistic practice is a device located within and conditioned by each economic and political ideology or order. However, an artistic practice is not only a formal production, but also produces content, which is not yet categorized, in other words new. Often in the discourse of neoliberal culture production, this new is described with the word ‘innovation’. In my opinion these terms are not equivalent, but often contest each other. This exposition takes place at the convergence of performance studies, psychoanalysis, and the critique of neo-liberal capitalism. My overall aim is to produce a contribution in this convergence. What is the particular locus of a performer in the setting of performance art or social practices, where borders between everyday life, audience, performer, physical setting or duration are not explicit? This exposition includes some analysis of artistic works, which are tied in with the discourses of capitalism and subjectivity.

The pleasures of contamination: evidence, text, and voice in textual studies

Through the concept of contamination, David Greetham highlights various ways that one text may invade another, carrying with it a residue of potential meaning. While the focus of this study is on written works, the scope ranges widely over music, politics, art, science, philosophy, religion, and social studies. Greetham argues that this sort of contamination is not only ubiquitous in contemporary culture, but may also be a necessary and beneficial circumstance. Tracing contamination from the Middle Ages onward, he takes up issues such as the placement of quote marks in Keats's Ode to a Grecian Urn, the controversy over the use of evidence for yellowcake uranium in Niger, and the reconstitution of reality on YouTube, to illustrate that the basic questions of evidence, fact, and voice have always been slippery concepts.

Volcanism and orogenic belts — The origin of andesites

Since the early attempts of Bowen to account for the diversity of the igneous rocks, a number of proposals have been offered to explain the voluminous andesites of the continental orogenic belts. These include: 1. (1) contamination of basic magmas; 2. (2) anatexis of sialic crust; 3. (3) differentiation of basaltic magmas; 4. (4) anatexis of wet peridotite mantle; and 5. (5) anatexis of oceanic crust and mantle in subduction zones. This paper assembles some of the results of endeavors in experimental petrology and geochemistry to evaluate these proposals. The concept of contamination is supported by neither geologic occurrence nor isotope geochemistry. Similar judgements, together with the unrealistically high temperatures that are required, argue against anatexis of sialic crust to produce primary andesitic liquids. Differentiation of basic magmas to produce andesitic and other silica-rich melts unquestionably occurs. Recent experimental evidence on the hydrothermal melting of basalts reveals that fractionation of silica-poor amphiboles is probably a more efficacious mechanism for producing the calc-alkaline trend than is the early separation of magnetite. Nevertheless, it has yet to be demonstrated that such processes have operated to the extent necessary to produce the orogenic andesites. High-pressure melting experiments on wet synthetic peridotites disclose that quartz-normative liquids are the products of partial melting at pressures up to about 20 kbar. This suggests that andesites can develop from anatexis of water-bearing continental and oceanic mantle to depths of about 60 km, but this mechanism alone fails to account for the spatial distribution of the orogenic calc-alkaline suite. Armed with experimental data on melting and other phase relationships of basic and ultrabasic compositions, together with recent data on the abundances of trace and minor elements in andesites, the most attractive models involve anatexis of mantle peridotite or oceanic crust metamorphosed to amphibolite or eclogite in subducted lithosphere. Melting may also occur in rocks above the hanging wall of the Benioff zone as the result of incorporation of water released by dehydration of the descending slab. The fractionation of alkalis into amphiboles, and into micas at greater depths, may be responsible for the observed zoning of K 2O in surficial calc-alkaline rocks overlying the distal plate boundaries. However, this model is not in accord with the concept of generation of calc-alkaline magmas at depths of hundreds of kilometers proposed by some workers.