Vinasse Concentration Research Articles

Stimulating action of sodium nitroprusside and vinasse on salicin and direct regeneration in Salix Safsaf Forssk.

The present study aimed to enhance salicin and direct regeneration inwillow (Salix safsaf Forssk) using the sodium nitroprusside (SNP) regulation of nitric oxide (NO) and vinasse for its nutrition effect in culture medium. Internodes of Salix safsaf were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with benzyl adenine (BA) (0.25 mg L-1) and different concentrations of SNP (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mg L-1) or vinasse (0, 5, 10, and 20%) to examine shoot regeneration, antioxidant defense enzyme activity, total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and salicine contents. The reported data revealed that application of SNP at15 mg L-1 and vinasse at10% induced asignificant effectin vitro Salix safsaf shoot regeneration. To confirm that, nitric oxide is required for auxin-mediated activation of cell division in a dose-dependent manner. A concentration of 15 mg L-1 SNP promotes regeneration and salicin accumulation (3162.16mg/100g) during signaling action. On the other hand, the cross talk effect of nitric oxide and vinasse combination inSalix safsaf significantly induced a synergistic effect on direct propagation more than vinasse alone. SNP significantly stimulates salicylate accumulation in a dose-dependent manner, but the data on the association of vinasse and SNP on salicylate up-regulation showed a significant reduction in salicin accumulation when SNP was combined with 10% vinasse, which directly affected the signaling action of SNP as secondary product stimulators. Vinasse's phenolic compounds affect directly on thereduction activity ofSNP to suppress its signaling action, or indirectly by inhibiting the sequence cascade of the SNP signaling transduction process to decrease the accumulation of salicin contents. Data confirmed that vinasse andSNP stimulatedtheantioxidant enzymes activity throw quenching thestimulated reactive oxygen species that produced via SNP. Results show that modified media with SNP administration at 15 mg L-1 and the combination of vinasse at 10% and SNP at 15 mg L-1 are recommended for modifying tissue culture media for induced direct regeneration and salicin accumulation in tissue culture applications, which will be very useful for commercial salicin overproduction as a biological active ingredient in willows.

PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM MICROALGAE CULTIVATED WITH VINASSE

Purpose: The objective of this work was to carry out the cultivation of the microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana with diluted vinasse, verifying its potential for remediation of nutrients and increase of its lipid fraction, to produce biodiesel according to the current regulation. Theoretical Framework: The quest to reduce fossil fuels, which are responsible for negative environmental impacts, has boosted the demand for biofuels in recent years. Biodiesel has been gaining prominence as a promising alternative to replace petroleum derivatives since it can be produced from various raw materials, such as microalgae. Design/Methodology/Approach: Different vinasse dilutions were studied for the cultivation of Chlorella sorokiniana CTT 7727, being 5, 10 and 15% (v v-1) and N:P:K (20:5:20) 1% (v v-1) medium as a comparative standard. Biodiesel was produced by direct transesterification and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to a flame ionization detector, enabling the identification and quantification of the fatty acid profile. Findings: The results obtained indicated that vinasse 10% (v v-1) proved to be promising for application as a culture medium for this microalgae species, as it guaranteed a good cell growth rate, high biomass productivity and lipid yield. Considering the biodiesel produced, it fits the regulatory standards analyzed by the National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP). Research, Practical & Social Implications: The research demonstrates the feasibility of cultivating the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana with diluted vinasse, highlighting the 10% concentration as promising for optimizing cell growth and lipid yield. The results ensure compliance with ANP regulations for biodiesel production, indicating immediate and sustainable applicability on an industrial scale. Socially, it contributes to the pursuit of biofuels, reducing dependence on fossil sources and promoting more sustainable practices in the bioenergy industry. Originality/Value: The study's originality lies in the unique combination of Chlorella sorokiniana CTT 7727, diluted vinasse, and biodiesel production in accordance with ANP regulations. It stands out for identifying the optimal vinasse concentration (10%) for cultivation, presenting an economical and effective approach. The strategic value is in the use of an alternative raw material cultivated with an industrial residue, promoting the diversification of the energy matrix and mitigating environmental impacts associated with conventional fuels.

Plant Growth-Promoting and Tequila Vinasse-Resistant Bacterial Strains

Tequila vinasse, a byproduct of the tequila industry, is frequently discharged into water bodies or agricultural fields, posing significant ecological and human health risks. Bacterial communities that inhabit these agricultural fields have developed mechanisms to utilize tequila vinasse as a potential nutrient source and to promote plant growth. In this study, strains from the phyla Actinomycetota and Pseudomonadota were isolated from agricultural fields irrigated with tequila vinasse for 2, 10, and 14 years in Jalisco, Mexico. The results showed that strains of Terrabacter, Azotobacter, Agromyces, Prescottella, and Leifsonia tolerate high concentrations of tequila vinasse and promote maize seedling growth in the presence of tequila vinasse. Additionally, some of the strains solubilize potassium and produce siderophores, cellulase, protease, lipase, and esterase. The strains Terrabacter sp. WCNS1C, Azotobacter sp. WCNS1D, and Azotobacter sp. WCNS2A have potential applications in the bioremediation of tequila vinasse in agricultural fields discharged with tequila vinasse.

Potassium silicate and vinasse enhance biometric characteristics of perennial sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) under greenhouse conditions

An effective strategy for enhancing fruit production continuity during extended sweet pepper season involves adopting innovative biostimulants such as potassium silicate (PS) and vinasse. Adjusting PS and vinasse concentrations are crucial for maintaining the balance between vegetative and fruit growth, particularly in sweet pepper with a shallow root system, to sustain fruiting over prolonged season. However, the interaction between PS and vinasse and the underlying physiological mechanisms that extend the sweet pepper season under greenhouse conditions remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the impact of PS and vinasse treatments on the yield and biochemical constituents of perennial pepper plants cultivated under greenhouse conditions. For two consecutive seasons [2018/2019 and 2019/2020], pepper plants were sprayed with PS (0, 0.5, and 1 g/l) and drenched with vinasse (0, 1, 2, and 3 l/m3). To estimate the impact of PS and vinasse on the growth, yield, and biochemical constituents of pepper plants, fresh and dry biomass, potential fruit yield, and some biochemical constituents were evaluated. Results revealed that PS (0.5 g/l) coupled with vinasse (3 l/m3) generated the most remarkable enhancement, in terms of plant biomass, total leaf area, total yield, and fruit weight during both growing seasons. The implementation of vinasse at 3 l/m3 with PS at 0.5 and 1 g/l demonstrated the most pronounced augmentation in leaf contents (chlorophyll index, nitrogen and potassium), alongside improved fruit quality, including total soluble solid and ascorbic acid contents, of extended sweet pepper season. By implementing the optimal combination of PS and vinasse, growers can significantly enhance the biomass production while maintaining a balance in fruiting, thereby maximizing the prolonged fruit production of superior sweet pepper under greenhouse conditions.

Assessment of a Low-Cost Hydrogen Sensor for Detection and Monitoring of Biohydrogen Production during Sugarcane Straw/Vinasse Co-Digestion

In this work, hydrogen production from the co-digestion of sugarcane straw and sugarcane vinasse in the dark fermentation (DF) process was monitored using a cost-effective hydrogen detection system. This system included a sensor of the MQ-8 series, an Arduino Leonardo board, and a computer. For the DF, different concentrations of sugarcane vinasse and volumetric ratios of vinasse/hemicellulose hydrolysate were used together with a thermally pretreated inoculum, while the hydrogen detection system stored the hydrogen concentration data during the fermentation time. The results showed that a higher concentration of vinasse led to higher inhibitors for the DF, resulting in a longer lag phase. Additionally, the hydrogen detection system proved to be a useful tool in monitoring the DF, showcasing a rapid response time, and providing reliable information about the period of adaptation of the inoculum to the substrate. The measurement system was assessed using the error metrics SE, RMSE, and MBE, whose values ranged 0.6 and 5.0% as minimum and maximum values. The CV (1.0–8.0%) and SD (0.79–5.62 ppm) confirmed the sensor’s robustness, while the ANOVA at the 5% significance level affirmed the repeatability of measurements with this instrument. The RMSE values supported the accuracy of the sensor for online measurements (6.08–14.78 ppm). The adoption of this straightforward and affordable method sped up the analysis of hydrogen in secluded regions without incurring the expenses associated with traditional measuring instruments while offering a promising solution for biomass valorization, contributing to the advancement of rural green energy initiatives in remote areas.

Simultaneous hydrogen and methane production by tequila vinasses dark fermentation in series with anaerobic digestion

Biofuels production from agro-industrial residues is a promising alternative for obtaining energy from renewable resources. Here, vinasses (tequila manufacture waste) were used as substrate to an anaerobic system comprised by a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR) with biomass carriers and an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket reactor (UASB) connected in series. The effect of the organic loading rate on the hydrogen and methane generation was evaluated through increase in fed vinasse concentration. Maximum volumetric production rates of 2.2 L H2/L-d in the CSTR and 0.12 L CH4/L-d in the UASB were obtained when feeding 20 g chemical oxygen demand per liter from vinasse diluted to 60 % of its original concentration. Feeding more concentrated vinasses provoked a decrease in the production of hydrogen and methane, coinciding with a 5 g/L-peak in reducing sugars in the CSTR, suggesting overload and acidification as reasons of the diminished performance. The highest hydrogen and methane equivalent energy obtained in the anaerobic system was estimated to be 2.6 kJ/L-d.

Sugar Cane Vinasse as a Renewable and Sustainable Feedstock for Lipid Production from Aspergillus Niger and Aspergillus flavus

Background and Aims: In the search for sustainability and the use of renewable energies, biodiesel has stood out as a notable alternative to the growing energy demand of modern society. Microbial fat synthesis for lipids has been a possibility to produce this biofuel. In this context, the research work aimed to cultivate Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus fungi in commercial and homemade broth, plus variable concentrations of sugarcane vinasse as a substrate to extract lipids produced using different extraction techniques and solvents.
 Methodology: The fungi were grown in a commercial medium and a homemade one made with potato extract. After cultivation, they were submitted to two pre-treatments: the Bead Mill technique and the Ultrasound technique. The extraction of lipids produced in a commercial medium was performed via Soxhlet with a mixture of solvents. Therefore, the lipids produced in a homemade medium were extracted with the adapted Bligh-Dyer method.
 Results: The species grew to the different culture media submitted, but the home culture medium increased the reproductive. The industrial residue proves to be a good alternative as a supplement to the culture medium, helping to reduce costs and preserve the environment. The extraction by Soxhlet showed satisfactory results when the fungi were grown in a commercial medium, with Aspergillus niger being extracted from the ethyl acetate solvent, obtaining a yield of 18.78%, and for A. flavus extracted with dichloromethane/methanol (9:1) and chloroform, bringing yield of 32.98% and 32%, respectively. Although extraction by Soxhlet showed some excellent results, extraction with the Bligh-Dyer method demonstrated better lipid fractions ranging from 25% to 67% and reduced energy expenditure, indicating a promising use, cost, and benefit.
 Conclusion: Filamentous fungi of the genus Aspergillus can be used to produce biodiesel as they proliferate and can produce the same amount of lipids as a vegetable, which requires a much larger area of soil, for example.

Application of an oxidative-biological treatment strategy for production of lactic acid and biomass from vinasse of sugarcane bioethanol industry

In this study, the cultivation of lactic acid bacteria was done using vinasse (with a chemical oxygen demand of 378 ± 5 g O2/L) to harness its organic content. The potential for biomass and lactic acid production was evaluated by using strains Lactococcus lactis subsp. Cremoris and Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis. Before medium preparation, vinasse was pretreated with air and ozone to reduce inhibitory load. The effects of pretreated vinasse addition on lactic acid bacteria growth were in the range of 0–33% v/v. The optimal vinasse concentration for obtaining high biomass and lactic acid concentrations was 17% v/v, leading to maximum concentrations of biomass and lactic acid of 2.2 ± 0.14 and 16.0 ± 0.9 g/L, respectively. Fed-batch operation was also studied as a strategy for extending the production phase of lactic acid bacteria using vinasse (17% v/v) as feeding. These results highlight the underexplored potential of vinasse as an economical source of raw material for obtaining value-added products through biotechnological processes.

Soil microbial improvement using enriched vinasse as a new abundant waste

This study proposes the use of vinasse, an inexpensive and readily available waste biopolymer, as a fundamental component of a waste culture medium that can enhance the effectiveness and cost-efficiency of the microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) method for sustainable soil improvement. Vinasse enriched with urea, sodium caseinate, or whey protein concentrate is employed to optimize bacterial growth and urease activity of Sporosarcina pasteurii (S. pasteurii) bacterium. The best culture medium is analyzed using Taguchi design of experiments (TDOE) and statistical analysis, considering the concentration of vinasse and urea as effective parameters during growth time. To test the best culture medium for bio-treated soil, direct shear tests were performed on loose and bio-treated sand. The results demonstrate a substantial cost reduction from $0.455 to $0.005 per liter when using the new culture medium (vinasse and urea) compared to the conventional Nutrient Broth (NB) culture medium. Additionally, the new medium enhances soil shear strength, increasing the friction angle by 2.5 degrees and cohesion to 20.7 kPa compared to the conventional medium. Furthermore, the recycling of vinasse as a waste product can promote the progress of a circular economy and reduce environmental pollution. As ground improvement is essential for many construction projects, especially those that require high shear strength or are built on loose soil, this study provides a promising approach to achieving cost-effective and sustainable soil microbial improvement using enriched vinasse.

Sugarcane vinasse provokes acute and chronic responses and bioaccumulation of metals in benthic macroinvertebrates.

Brazil is a major producer of sugarcane bioethanol, which has raised concerns about its environmental impact. The industrial process for obtaining ethanol generates a by-product with a high pollution potential called vinasse. If vinasse reaches watercourses, it may affect the biological communities, such as the aquatic macroinvertebrates, which include species sensitive to environmental contamination. Thus, this study evaluated the ecotoxicological effects of sugarcane vinasse on tropical benthic macroinvertebrates (Allonais inaequalis, Chironomus sancticaroli, Strandesia trispinosa, and Hyalella meinerti). The study was divided into three phases. First, acute toxicity tests were carried out with the four species. The species A. inaequalis (average LC50 = 0.460% confidence interval, CI 0.380-0.540%) was more sensitive to vinasse than C. sancticaroli (LC50 0.721%, CI 0.565-0.878%), H. meinerti (EC50 0.781%, CI 0.637-0.925%), and S. trispinosa (EC50 1.283%, CI 1.045-1.522%). In the second phase, the consequences of chronic exposure to vinasse were assessed in the two more sensitive species. Impairments in reproduction and population growth rates for A. inaequalis and on the development, metamorphosis, and body growth of C. sancticaroli larvae occurred. Finally, the bioaccumulation of metals after chronic exposure was determined in the third phase. Vinasse provoked decreases in the body residue of the essential metals Zn and Mn and the accumulation of Cd, Pb, and Cr with the potential for biomagnification throughout the food webs. Low concentrations of vinasse (below 1%) provoked lethal and sublethal effects on benthic organisms, with several cascade effects on aquatic environments, given the ecological importance of this group in freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems.

Effects of vinasse concentration on biogas production: An experimental work and case study in the context of RenovaBio in Brazil

Vinasse composition varies throughout the year, which may affect methane production. To assess the effects of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) on methane yield, we fed a reactor with increasing organic loading rates ranging from 1.15 to 4.56 g COD l−1 day−1. In the second part of this study, we compared two scenarios for the state of Sao Paulo: 1) average vinasse COD; 2) ideal vinasse COD (38.8 g l−1). We found that the maximum methane yield was obtained at an OLR of 2.66, equivalent to a COD of 38.8 g l−1, and could increase the sugarcane mill energy production by 15.6 %. Considering the state of Sao Pauo, if all the vinasse was used to produce biogas, 3.9 million tons CO2eq (CBIOs) emission would be avoided yearly. Concentrating all the vinasse to the ideal COD would increase it by 3.2 %. Therefore, vinasse concentration would have little effects on a state-scale.

Long-term effects of different concentrations of vinasse on growth and survival, reproductive and life span characteristics of Artemia franciscana (Kellogg, 1906) and Artemia parthenogenetica

ABSTRACT The larviculture of fish and shellfish is inevitably dependent on live feed such as Artemia, and one of the most critical issues in rearing Artemia is the food supply. Artemia franciscana and Artemia parthenogenetica were raised at two concentrations of vinasse (62.5 and 125 µl L−1). The control diet was algae + wheat bran. The results demonstrated significant differences in the survival of Artemia species grown in different concentrations of vinasse on diets (P < .05). However, no significant differences were observed in the length of 125 µl L−1 and 20% algae with the A. franciscana control (P > .05). The total length in A. parthenogenetica was significantly higher than those received in vinasse (P < .05). The percentage of encysted in A. franciscana and A. parthenogenetica that fed vinasse in any concentration showed significant differences (P < .05) but not for other reproductive and lifespan characteristics (P > .05).

Use of Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken Designs to Optimize Bioelectricity Production from Winery Residues

This study aimed to estimate the bioelectricity production process using a vinasse solution through the application of Plackett–Burman and Box–Behnken designs. An electrochemical cell was constructed using Arduino to measure the potential difference between an anode and cathode immersed in a vinasse solution, which is a byproduct of wine production containing organic compounds and ions that undergo redox reactions. The Plackett–Burman design identified the most influential variables among eight previously selected (concentration of the electrolyte, pH, temperature, stirring, addition of NaCl, yeast dose and electrode:solution ratio). The results showed that the most influencing variables were the vinasse concentration and stirring and a peak of 306 mV could be observed for a 100 mL experiment. The third most influential variable regarding the process was NaCl addition, which showed its high influence at larger times. Based on these results, the Box–Behnken design was used to determine the possible ranges of variation of the independent variables (vinasse concentration, stirring and NaCl dose) to maximize the bioelectricity production. Therefore, with the combination of the intermediate concentrated vinasse (1:3 v/v ratio) and stirring, a peak of 431.1 mV could be observed when adding 2% NaCl after 15 min of the experiment. In what concerns the instant bioelectricity, measured after 1 min of the experiment, values up to 437.9 mV could be observed although yeast and/or NaCl are necessary at short times. This study provides insights into the bioelectricity production process from vinasse, contributing to the understanding and potential for sustainable energy generation.

Mucuna pruriens cannot develop phytoremediation of tebuthiuron in agricultural soil with vinasse: a morphometrical and ecotoxicological analysis.

Pesticides offer stakeholders cost-effective solutions to control weeds. Nevertheless, such active compounds can manifest as severe environmental pollutants when escaping from agroecosystems into surrounding natural ecosystems, driving the need to remediate them. We, hence, analyzed whether Mucuna pruriens can develop a potential phytoremediator for treating tebuthiuron (TBT) in soil with vinasse. We exposed M. pruriens to microenvironments containing tebuthiuron at 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2 (standard dose) Lha-1 and vinasse at 75, 150 (industrial recommendation), and 300m3·ha-1. Experimental units without organic compounds represented controls. We assessed M. pruriens for morphometrical features, such as plant height and stem diameter and shoot/root dry mass, over approximately 60days. We obtained evidence for M. pruriens not effectively removing tebuthiuron from the terrestrial medium. Such a pesticide developed phytotoxicity, significantly limiting its germination and growth. The higher the dose, the more negatively the tebuthiuron impacted the plant. In addition, introducing vinasse into the system, irrespective of volume, intensified the damage to photosynthetic and non-photosynthetic structures. Equally important, its antagonist action further decreased the production and accumulation of biomass. As M. pruriens could not effectively extract tebuthiuron from the soil, it could allow neither Crotalaria juncea nor Lactuca sativa to grow on synthetic media containing residual pesticide. An atypical performance of such testing (tebuthiuron-sensitive) organisms over independent ecotoxicological bioassays validated inefficient phytoremediation. Hence, M. pruriens could not offer a functional remediative option to treat environmental pollution by tebuthiuron in agroecosystems where vinasse occurs, such as sugarcane-producing areas. Although M. pruriens considered a tebuthiuron phytoremediator as cited in the literature, satisfactory results did not occur in our research due to high concentrations of vinasse in the soil. Therefore, this information requires more specific studies about the influence of high concentrations of organic matter on M. pruriens productivity and phytoremediation performance.

The effects of Some Organic Compounds on Yield and Fruit Quality in Albion Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) Cultivar

Strawberry is one of the most popular fruits in Türkiye, and its cultivation is increasing due to its high adaptability to different climatic and soil conditions. Greenhouses and conventional agriculture are preferred in strawberry cultivation in terms of both growing conditions and the applicability of good agriculture and organic agriculture. Good agriculture and organic agriculture have increased their importance in achieving reliable and quality food, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). For these reasons, the application compounds are increasing day by day. Accordingly, the types and varieties of organic compounds have increased. Albion strawberry cultivars were grown under calcareous soil conditions, and the effects of various organic component levels on yield and fruit quality were examined. In the experiment, vinasse, molasses, and vermicompost (liquid) were each employed at quantities of 2.5%, 5%, 7%, and 10%. Because of the treatments, a vinasse concentration of 2.5 % was shown to be more beneficial than the others on yield metrics such as yield per decare (1664.89 kg) and yield per plant (332.98 g) (332.98 g). There was a marked improvement in fruit quality between the molasses treatments and the other organic compound treatments. It was discovered that the treatment with molasses at a concentration of 2.5 % (15.94 %) had a greater TSS than the other treatments, whereas the treatment with molasses at a concentration of 5.0 % had to have a higher TAC of 1.058 %. Based on the results, strawberry farmers can be told that using vinas and molasses together is an effective way to increase strawberry yield and improve the quality of the fruit.

Comparative characteristics of native (liquid) and concentrated up to 40 % vinasse as a raw material for anaerobic fermentation

The energy crisis that is currently taking place in Ukraine requires an active search for alternative energy sources. Ukraine provides itself with natural gas and oil of its own production only by 20 %. With the help of biogas technologies, it is possible to increase the share of energy from renewable sources, reduce the amount of waste generation, and limit greenhouse gas emissions. Biogas is produced as a result of methane fermentation of biomass. There is a significant problem with the waste of bioethanol production – beet vinasse, a dark-colored liquid with an unpleasant odor. Anaerobic fermentation technologies are the basis for the disposal of organic waste in the world. Vinasse concentration is one of the alternatives with which can be the efficiency of anaerobic digestion and reduce the negative economic and environmental consequences of applying large volumes of vinasse in the fields. Studies show that concentrated vinasse is more suiTable for methane fermentation than liquid vinasse. The process of concentrating vinasse is economically beneficial for plants, as it will reduce the size and cost of building biogas reactors and can facilitate the management and processing of vinasse. An additional advantage of using methanogenesis for waste utilization is obtaining the digestate – the product after methane fermentation and obtaining the main product − biogas. It can also be successfully used in agriculture as a fertilizer. It has many nutrients and does not pollute the environment, as it is free from fermentation products. The proposed technologies will allow sugar and alcohol plants to carry out waste-free production, receiving the main product biogas to meet their own energy needs, and digestate

An energy optimization model comparing the use of sugarcane bagasse for power or ethanol production

This work addresses the energy balance of producing ethanol from sugarcane bagasse and using lignin from the bagasse as a source of electrical power through Rankine cycle and oxy-combustion. On ethanol 2 G (second generation) proposed plant, lignin is obtained from the concentration and filtration of vinasse which yields a fuel with good calorific value to be used for power generation. The energy balance for 2 G ethanol production including electric power is calculated based on parameters of a typical operational sugarcane plant, coupled with a 2 G plant whose production was assessed by means of global chemical reactions and conversion coefficients obtained from literature. These reactions permit to calculate ethanol production and electricity generation in terms of a virtually infinite number of scenarios characterized by two controlled variables (burning bagasse and straw mass flow rates) and several uncontrolled variables (biomass composition, cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin yields, fermentation efficiencies, etc.). Results reveal that when the option for carbon capture and storage is used, net power become available when all tops and leaves plus 10 t/h of bagasse are burned. In this condition availability of ethanol is by and large unaffected, yielding a production about 60 m3/h. The application of carbon capture and storage produces a significant impact on power balance that comes from oxy-combustion use (air split unity) and CO2 compression. Another interesting result concerns biomass composition: for both bagasse and straw, higher lignin contents favor simultaneously 2 G ethanol and electricity.

Modeling of hydrogen and organic acid production using different concentrations of sugarcane vinasse under thermophilic conditions and a link with microbial community 16S rRNA gene sequencing data

Acidogenesis of sugarcane vinasse at 15 and 20 kgCOD m−3 in a batch bioreactor occurred via acrylate and homoacetogenesis pathways. Both these pathways were incorporated into the Anaerobic Digestion Model Number 1 (ADM1) and they were validated with biomolecular analysis. As a novelty of this work, ADM1 was modified integrating a new lactate consumption pathway to the model (Lactate→Acetate+Propionate+Hydrogen) and the homoacetogenesis (Hydrogen+CO2→Acetate) to initial concentrations of vinasse of 15 and 20 kgCOD m−3. To evaluate the microbial community involved in such fermentative pathways, biomass samples were taken from the reactor operated with vinasse under organic matter concentrations of 15, 20 and 30 kgCOD m−3, which was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene massive sequencing. Moreover, the abundance of hydrogen producing microorganisms and homoacetogens were quantified by q-PCR. It was mathematically demonstrated that the acrylate and homoacetogenesis pathways were able to describe the system at low concentrations of sugarcane vinasse (15 and 20 kgCOD m−3) and the microbial community compositions confirmed the presence of microorganisms with the metabolic pathways hypothesized here.

Agave durangensis vinasse as a biocide for forest pest control

In forestry practice, the prevention and fight against insect pests and diseases is a priority to preserve the health of these ecosystems. To combat it, insecticides of chemical and biological origin have been used. However, there are alternatives that have not yet been investigated, e.g., the use of agro-industrial waste. In the mezcal distillation process, polluting liquid residues called vinasses are generated, and these can be considered for pest control. In this project, the effect of vinasse from Agave durangensis subjected to different treatments was studied to evaluate its effect on forest phytopathogenic fungi. The mezcal vinasse was characterized physicochemically and by its metabolites. Furthermore, the percentage of inhibition in vitro of phytopathogenic (causing root wilt) fungi isolated from Pinus cooperi seedlings was studied. The fungi inhibition was related to the vinasse concentration. The lower pH and sterile raw vinasse showed a better inhibition effect. Four phytopathogenic strains of Pinus cooperi were isolated and identified, which corresponded to the genera Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Penicillium. None of the isolated were able to grow in potato dextrose-mezcal vinasse medium (PDMVM). Therefore, the mezcal vinasse showed fungicide activity in vitro against all strains.

Modeling of Hydrogen and Organic Acid Production Using Different Concentrations of Sugarcane Vinasse Under Thermophilic Conditions and a Link with Microbial Community 16s Rrna Gene Sequencing Data

Modeling of Hydrogen and Organic Acid Production Using Different Concentrations of Sugarcane Vinasse Under Thermophilic Conditions and a Link with Microbial Community 16s Rrna Gene Sequencing Data