Concentrations Of Indolebutyric Acid Research Articles

Application of Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) to Improve the Quality of MD2 Pineapple Seedlings from Crown Shoots and Sapling Shoots

This aim of this research is to determine the effect of Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) concentration to the origin of the planting material and their interaction on the growth and development of Millie Dillard-2 (MD2) variety pineapple seedlings so that quality pineapple seedlings with good performance and rooting are obtained. The research was conducted from May to December 2023, experimentally using a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). The first factor is IBA concentration of 0 ppm, 200 ppm, 400 ppm, and 600 ppm. The second factor is the origin of the crown shoots and sapling shoots. Thus, there were eight treatment combinations; each treatment was repeated three times, so there were 24 experimental units. Each experimental unit used 3 plant samples. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) results were tested further using the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) test at the 5% level. Observation were carried out on seedlings aged 30 Day After Planting (DAP) and 100 DAP with observation variables consisting of the root fresh weight aged 30 DAP and 100 DAP, total primary roots and increase in number of leaves. The research results show that giving a concentration of IBA of 400 ppm and seedling shoot planting material is the best treatment combination to be applied to MD2 pineapple seedlings.

Acclimation of Agave potatorum Zucc. micropropagated plants

Objective: Agave potatorum Zucc. is an intensively exploited wild plant species. We intend to evaluate how the concentration of mineral salts (MS), indole-butyric acid (IBA), and the incubation conditions affect in vitro-rooted A. potatorum during acclimation. Design/Methodology/Approach: We conducted 18 treatments that resulted from combining three factors: 1) MS concentrations (50%, 75%, and 100%); 2) IBA concentrations (without auxin, 0.5 mg L-1, and 1 mg L-1); and 3) incubation environments (fluorescent lighting in a laboratory or exposure to solar radiation in a greenhouse). Thirteen plants from each treatment were transplanted into individual pots containing a 1:1 mixture of peat moss and perlite. These were placed in the acclimation greenhouse for 150 days, exposed to changes in solar radiation, starting from 600 µmol m-2 s-1 and conditions of high relative humidity (80-90%), and reaching outdoor conditions with full solar radiation,1400 ±200 µmol m-2 s-1. All in vitro culture plants, both in greenhouse and laboratory, underwent the same environmental and management conditions. Results: After 150 days of acclimation, plants micropropagated in a culture medium with 0.5 to 1 mg L-1 of IBA, 100% MS, and incubated in a greenhouse showed better growth. Study limitations/Implications: The in vitro culture protocol was (successfully) modified by providing solar radiation in a greenhouse during the rooting of A. potatorum sprouts. Findings/Conclusions: Solar radiation during in vitro incubation of A. potatorum favors its acclimation.

Effect of two different base cuts and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) doses on rooting of stem cuttings of wild Silene compacta Fischer

Silene compacta Fisch. ex Hornem., which grows naturally, is a plant species with high ornamental plant potential in the Silene L. genus of the Caryophyllaceae family. Vegetative propagation is one of the important ways to preserve naturally growing and cultivated plant species. In this study, the effect of two different cutting areas of the cutting base (above the node-below the node) and five different indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) doses (control, 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 ppm) on the rooting of stem cuttings taken from individuals of the natural S. compacta species were investigated. IBA was applied to the cuttings’ bases in a commercial rooting powder. Perlite+peat mixture at a ratio of 1:1 (v/v) was used in the rooting medium. Survival rate, rooting percentage, blooming rate, root number, root length, seedling height, seedling stem diameter, side shoot number, shoot length and shoot stem diameter were evaluated. The evaluation was made one month after the start of the experiment. As a result, the highest survival rate in cuttings was obtained from above-node control group (100%) and under-node 2000 ppm IBA (95%) application, and the highest rooting percentage was obtained from under-node 2000 ppm IBA (68%) and above-node control group (65%), respectively. Based on the results, it can be concluded that different cuttings of the cutting base and IBA concentrations have different effects on the rooting success of the S. compacta species with stem cuttings.

Does the Physiological Age of Stock Plant Material Affect the Uptake of Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) in Leafy Cuttings of Prunus subhirtella ‘Autumnalis’?

The aim of this study was to investigate the uptake of exogenously added indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) as an adventitious root (AR) inducer. The concentration of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) in leafy cuttings of Prunus subhirtella ‘Autumnalis’ from stock material of different physiological ages was analyzed at three evaluation time points (1, 4, 24 h). We examined three stock plants: a physiologically mature stock plant (approximately 60 years old); physiologically rejuvenated plants (16 years old) that were previously propagated by cuttings from semi-mature stock material; and in vitro juvenile stock material. For IBA to effectively induce AR formation, it must first be converted into the active hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The total concentration of IAA in the first 24 h after cutting was evaluated according to the physiological age of the stock material and the IAA concentration in the cuttings according to the evaluation time points was assessed. We also examined rooting success and the quality of the adventitious root system depending on the physiological age of the stock material. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) was used to identify and quantify the phytohormones. The difference in rooting and quality of the developed AR was observed between semi-mature stock and mature stock material. Cuttings from semi-mature plants rooted in 95.00 ± 5.00% of cases, while cuttings from mature stock plants only rooted in 68.33 ± 4.09%. Successfully rooted cuttings from mature stock material were accompanied by callus formation, which was significantly lower in cuttings from semi-mature stock material. Our results show that the interaction between physiological age and time after severance had no effect on IBA concentration in the cuttings (p = 0.907). Duration of time elapsed since severing (evaluation time points) had a significant effect on the uptake of IBA (p = 0.002 **) and IAA (p = 0.0009 ***) in the cuttings. Physiological age had a significant effect on IAA concentration in the early stages of AR formation in the cuttings (p = 0.038 *). Our results suggest that the dynamics of other endogenous phytohormones and the physiological state of the stock plant are also important for AR formation, as the proportion of successfully rooted cuttings from semi-mature stock material was significantly higher than the proportion of successfully rooted cuttings from mature stock material, irrespective of IBA uptake in stock material of different ages.

Incision in the base and indolebutyric acid to promote the rooting of 'Bengal' litchi cuttings

A alternative to producing litchi (Litchi sinensis Sonn.) seedlings is by cuttings. However, the main drawback of using this method is related to the difficulty of rooting presented by this species. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the rooting of semihardwood cuttings of litchi ‘Bengal’ at different concentrations of indolebutyric acid, with or without incision in the base. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replicates of 10 cuttings in a factorial 3X2 (three IBA concentrations: 0, 1.000 and 2.000 mg L-1; with or without incision in the base). After 126 days, the variables evaluated were: cutting survival, leaf retention, cutting with callus not rooted, rooted cutting, number of roots per cutting, length of major roots per cutting and dry weight of roots per cutting. For rooting, the IBA application was efficient only when the cuttings were not injured. In addition, there was no influence of the types of cuttings in the IBA concentrations. However, in those with incision at the base, the means were higher without the application of the plant growth regulator. Thus, the 'Bengal' litchi can be multiplied by semihardwood cuttings with incision at the base of the cuttings, without the use of IBA.

Influence of different factors on in vitro multiplication and rooting of three local Juglans regia L. genotypes in Uzbekistan

The Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.) is one of the most lucrative and widely distributed nut crops. It is appreciated as a forestry and ornamental tree in addition to its benefits as a fruit crop. Although Central Asian countries, especially Uzbekistan, are among the origins of the Persian walnut; they are not considered as top industrial producers of walnuts. Uzbekistan possesses a wide range of walnut genetic resources and as a result of conducted research, several promising, fruitful, early-harvesting varieties and forms have been selected. The aim of this study is to optimize microclonal in vitro propagation of selected Uzbekistan local varieties and forms by evaluating concentrations of different plant growth regulators and genotype on multiplication and rooting stages. As mother plants, 2 forms and one variety were selected: the Ideal variety, 'Form PDM23' and 'Form 202YaKT'. ?n the proliferation stage, the growth rate of walnut microshoots on basal medium Driver and Kuniyuki Walnut Medium (DKW) with different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0.01 mg/L) was studied. The rooting stage was assessed in half strength macronutrient DKW medium containing different IBA concentrations (0.0, 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0 mg/L). The Ideal variety and 'Form PDM23' performed best in DKW medium supplied with 1.5 mg/L BAP and 0.01 mg/L IBA, whereas 'Form 202YaKT' performed best in DKW medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L BAP and 0.01 mg/ L IBA for the proliferation stage. For all genotypes, 6.0 mg/L IBA provided the best rooting results.

Effect of Different Types of cuttings and Indole-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) on Rooting of Damas Plant (Conocarpus lancifolius L.)

An experiment consists of two types of cuttings viz. tip cutting (C1) and semi hardwood cuttings (C2) with different IBA concentrations i.e. 300 (I1), 400 (I2), 500 (I3) and 600 (I4) ppm each along with control (I5) were treated. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with Factorial Concept comprise three replications. The cuttings were planted in sand bed. Among different types of cuttings, maximum number of roots (11.03), root length (6.99 cm), fresh weight (255.60 mg/plant) of root and dry weight (27.59 mg/plant) of root along with highest rooting percent (67.14) of cuttings were recorded in tip cutting after 60 days of planting. While in case of IBA, highest number of roots (13.23), longest root (7.66 cm), maximum fresh weight (294.33 mg/plant) of root, dry weight (27.59 mg/plant) of root and maximum rooting percentage (67.14) of cuttings were recorded under treatment of 500 ppm IBA at 60 days of planting. Interaction effect of tip cuttings along with 500 ppm IBA (C1I3) was also found significant for all the characters.

Own-rooted Walnut Propagule of Four Walnut (Juglans) Rootstocks and Main Cultivated Cultivar Liaoning 1 Acquirement through Layering under Field Conditions

Walnut, a woody plant, is regarded as having difficulty rooting when propagated by vegetative methods, such as cutting and layering. A layering experiment was conducted in 2018 and 2022. In 2018, some Juglans species, including J. regia L. seedling (JR), J. regia cv. Liaoning 1 (JR LN1), J. hopeinesis Hu seedling (JH), J. mandshurica Maxim seedling (JM), and J. nigra L. seedling (JN), were the mother plants. The specific research hypotheses were that own-rooted walnut propagule could be obtained through layering. the rooting capacity of different Juglans species would be different, and the rooting ability of JN would be the highest among the samplings. The results indicated that all of these species in the experiment could be rooted by etiolation and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) treatment and that root occurrence was found 6 to 7 weeks after IBA treatment. The layers (shoots from the mother plant) on the seedlings of JR, JH, and JM obtained rooting percentages (RP) of 75.55%, 84.45%, and 86.67%, respectively, and root numbers (RNs) of 21.8, 42.8, and 38.8, respectively, after 20 days of etiolation and 1% IBA treatment. JR LN1 had difficulty rooting in equal conditions and had a RP of 31.11%. In 2022, JR LN1 was the only mother plant and the IBA concentration was increased to obtain satisfactory RP and RN. With the 4% and 8% IBA treatments, RPs of 88.9% and 93.3% and RNs of 40.3 and 27.7, respectively, were achieved. During the experiment, the RP, RN, root length (RL), and root diameter (RD), as well as the layer height (LH) and layer diameter (LD), were investigated and evaluated. Layers with low vigor were more likely to root, as shown by a nonparametric test conducted for the height and diameter of the layers of the rooting and nonrooting groups. A significantly negative correlation (r = −0.548) was observed between RN and LH. Moreover, the quality of the best results of JR LN1 layering propagule and that with ‘liaoning 1’ 1-year-old seedling were compared. Our results provide more support for the possibility of vegetative propagation of walnut by layering and more information regarding the clonal cultivation of walnut trees and the own-rooted seedling establishment of walnut cultivars.

Effect of Propagation Media and Plant Growth Regulators on Adventitious Rooting of Softwood Cuttings of Apocynum lancifolium Russanov

Background and objective: <i>Apocynum lancifolium</i> Russanov is a perennial herb native to Korea and belonging to the family Apocynaceae. Herein, cutting mediums and plant growth regulators (PGRs) were examined to investigate the requirements for the cutting propagation of <i>A. lancifolium</i>.Methods: The study was conducted over a period of 6 weeks from May to June 2023. As types of cutting medium for propagation by cutting, Kanuma soil, commercial potting mixes, perlite, and peat moss were used, and the PGRs of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) at varying concentrations (100, 500, and 1,000 mg⋅L<sup>-1</sup>) and a 1:1 (v/v) solution of Rootone (0.4% 1-naphthylacetamide) diluted in water were applied for this study. After six weeks, growth characteristics, including cutting survival rate, rooting rate, shoot height, the number of leaves, root length, the number of roots, dry weight of shoots, and dry weight of roots, were examined.Results: Among the different growing substrates used for experimentation, the cutting survival rate on Kanuma soil (81.7 ± 5.0%) was the highest, followed by commercial potting mixes (40.0 ± 7.2%) and perlite (66.7 ± 2.7%), while the lowest cutting survival rate was on peat moss (35.0 ± 6.3%). On treatment with Kanuma soil (81.7 ± 5.0%), the rooting rate was also significantly greater than that when treated with other substrates. In the PGR experiment, the cutting survival rate and rooting rate treated with Rootone (0.4% 1-naphthylacetamide) were significantly higher than those when treated with other substrates. Further, the number of roots increased with an increase in the IBA concentration. Based on the results, we recommend treating <i>A. lancifolium</i> cuttings with Rootone and Kanuma soil to ensure successful cutting propagation of <i>A. lancifolium</i>.Conclusion: This mass production system for <i>A. lancifolium</i> via cutting propagation shows promise in terms of scalability and could help with germplasm conservation efforts for <i>A. lancifolium</i>.

Optimization of Rooting Behaviour by the Application of IBA on the Cuttings of Queens Flower (Lagerstroemia speciosa)

Background: Queen’s flower (Lagerstroemia speciosa) is an important ornamental plant that is utilised in residential landscape and avenue plantation for both public and private purposes around the world. Seed dormancy problem in Lagerstroemia which negatively affects germination. To overcome the challenges associated with seed propagation, researchers have explored rooted Lagerstroemia speciosa cuttings as an alternative method. Methods: Three concentrations of IBA (Indole-3- butyric acid) @ 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm and 3000 ppm were used to root initiation of Lagerstroemia speciosa stem cuttings. There were four treatments: 1000 ppm, 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm and control. Result: The 2000 ppm IBA treatment performed the better response in comparision to other treatments and recorded, 79 per cent rooting, followed by the treatment 3000 ppm IBA, (76 per cent rooting) and in the control, (68 per cent). In 2000 ppm IBA, the percentage of rooting, the number of roots per cutting and the length of the longest roots all are at their peak as well as showed the superior growth performance. The growth parameters of IBA-@ 2000 ppm treated cuttings revealed that this is the optimum IBA concentration for Lagerstroemia speciosa propagation trough cuttings in a semi-arid climate.

Vegetative propagation of Berberis asiatica Roxb. Ex DC., Ginkgo biloba L., Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth ex Kurz, and Rhododendron arboreum Sm. through stem cuttings

The population of medicinal plants such as Berberis asiatica, Ginkgo biloba, Rauvolfia serpentina, and Rhododendron arboreum is declining from their natural habitats due to high commercial exploitation, medicinal value, slow-growing nature, and climate change. The present study was carried to assess the effects of IAA, IBA, and Rootex PD.01 (commercial 1000 mg kg−1 of indole-3-butyric acid formulation) on survival and growth performance of stem cuttings so as to develop the vegetative propagation protocols for B. asiatica, G. biloba, R. serpentina, and R. arboreum. Four hundred eighty cuttings (120 cuttings of each species) with 0.5–1 cm diameter and 10 cm length were sterilized with 1 g L−1 bavistin and treated with 250 mg L−1 concentration of IAA (indole-3-acetic acid), IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) and Rootex PD.01 (1000 mg kg-1 of IBA) respectively. The survival was highest in G. biloba (90 %) followed by R. serpentina (83.3 %), B. asiatica (80 %) and R. arboreum (66.6 %). Stem cuttings treated with Rootex PD.01 exhibited maximum root length in species i.e. B. asiatica (5.2 cm), G. biloba (8.3 cm), R. serpentina (8.4 cm) and R. arboreum (6.7 cm) respectively. Other growth parameters such as shoot height, shoot diameter, number of leaves per node, number of leaves per plant, and root number were also maximum in stem cuttings treated with Rootex PD.01. This study concluded Rootex PD.01 for the propagation of these species thereby ensuring inexpensive and efficient protocols for mass-scale cultivation.

Vegetative and micropropagation potential of Piper guineense (Schumach and Thonn)

The continuous loss of forest plants due to deforestation, and the increasing demand for Piper guineense because of its medicinal and food value, has put a permanent pressure on its population in the wild where it is collected. A method for conservation and mass propagation is therefore required. This research was undertaken to determine the optimal concentration of auxin needed for vegetative propagation and to investigate the potential of Piper guineense for micropropagation. The auxin optimization study of vegetative propagation was based on the use of two-nodal stem cuttings treated with five different concentrations of indole-butyric acid (IBA). Growth parameters such as the number of sprouted, rooted and survived cuttings among others were determined. To investigate the potential of Piper guineense for micropropagation, nodal explants were subjected to different sterilizing treatments using ethanol, NaOCl, mancozeb, streptomycin and Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM). The effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) was tested on sterilized nodal explants using full strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) hormone-free media alone as control and MS media supplemented with PGRs (BA, NAA and KIN) at different concentrations and combinations. Significant differences were observed across the treatments for all growth parameters measured. However, 2000 ppm IBA significantly (p<0.05) influenced sprouting and rooting of the stem cuttings. Piper guineense explants have deep tissue contaminants, which cannot be eradicated by surface sterilization alone except double sterilization using PPM. On control media, neither shoot nor root response was observed while the highest percentage of induced roots was obtained from explants cultured on MS +1 mg/L BA + 0.25 mg/L NAA. Shoot induction was only achieved when BA was used alone and when subcultured on media supplemented with NAA, which generated roots.

In vitro propagation of oil-bearing Rosa damascena using phloroglucinol: A protocol for rapid and high-quality shoot multiplication and rooting

Damask rose (Rosa damascena Mill.), of the family Rosaceae, is an important ornamental-medicinal, essential oil-bearing species. Due to its economic value, the aim of this study was to establish a new protocol for the in vitro propagation of R. damascena ‘Isfahan' using phloroglucinol. Axillary bud explants, Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, and combinations of various plant growth regulators (PGRs) were used for the development of an effective method for rapid and high-quality shoot multiplication and in vitro rooting of Damask rose ‘Isfahan’. In the establishment step, 0.1 mg·L–1 phloroglucinol (PG), 0.2 mg·L–1 gibberellic acid (GA3), 0.1 mg·L–1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1 mg·L–1 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) were used. Secondary explants (nodal segments containing an axillary bud), obtained after 30 days of culture, were transferred to the proliferation media enriched with different concentrations of PG (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg·L–1), BAP (0, 1, 2 and 3 mg·L–1) and IBA (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mg·L–1). A total of 64 combinations of these PGRs were investigated as a factorial experiment on the basis of a completely randomized design. Results showed that the shortest time until bud break (4.3 days), the highest number of green leaves (13.3) and lowest number of yellow leaves (1.3) were obtained in the explants grown on the medium containing 0.3 mg·L–1 PG + 2 mg·L–1 BAP + 0.2 mg·L–1 IBA. The largest number of shoots (4.8), and the highest fresh (5.9 g) and dry (1.2 g) weight of roots per explant were produced in the medium supplemented with 0.2 mg·L–1 PG + 2 mg·L–1 BAP + 0.3 mg·L–1 IBA. The highest regeneration coefficient (2.53), stem length (6.47 cm), fresh (2.32 g) and dry (0.51 g) weight of stem were obtained in the medium with 0.2 mg·L–1 PG + 2 mg·L–1 BAP + 0.2 mg·L–1 IBA. On the other hand, the highest number of roots (4.7) per explant were produced in the media supplemented with 0.3 mg·L–1 PG + 2 mg·L–1 BAP + 0.3 mg·L–1 IBA. None of the shoots regenerated roots in the absence of IBA. In most measured traits, the lowest values of the measured traits were obtained in the control medium without PGRs. Rooted plantlets were transferred to pots containing perlite and peat moss in 2:1 proportion and acclimatized in a greenhouse with a mean 82% survival rate. The positive role of PG in micropropagation was confirmed. The obtained results are more efficient than the previously established ones. Therefore, this cost-effective protocol can be used for the in vitro mass propagation of R. damascena Mill.

Establishing a simple selection method of high hypericin-producing adventitious root lines from leaf explants of Hypericum perforatum var. Topaz

ABSTRACT Hundreds of adventitious root lines from Hypericum perforatum L. were examined for their hypericin content in order to establish a system for studying the production of hypericin in adventitious root lines. The effects of the medium consistency (solid and liquid) and the effects of three different auxins (Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)) on the induction of adventitious roots in leaf explants were studied. In a half-strength MS liquid medium with 2 mg/L IBA concentration, adventitious roots developed from H. perforatum leaves, whereas NAA and IAA caused callus-like and low branch roots. HPLC-UV was used to profile hypericin content variations in 100 H. perforatum adventitious root lines. Hierarchical component analysis (HCA) was used for selecting elite lines. After cluster analysis and selecting high-performance lines in terms of hypericin, five elite lines were chosen and the amount of hypericin production, as well as the phenol and flavonoid content, was analysed.

The effect of different IBA doses on rooting in soft-wood cuttings of rootstock candidate sweet cherry, sour cherry and mahaleb genotypes

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) concentrations on rooting in soft-wood cuttings of rootstock candidate sweet cherry, sour cherry, and mahaleb genotypes in a plastic greenhouse with underfloor heating and mist propagation of Black Sea Agricultural Research Institute. 500, 1000, and 2000 ppm IBA doses were applied to the soft-wood cuttings taken in june. Perlite was used as propagation medium and rooting medium was disinfected with methyl bromide before planting. The study was planned according to a randomized plot design with three replications and 20 cuttings in each replication. The rooting rate (%), number of roots (piece), number of branching roots (piece), and root length (mm) were investigated. The highest rooting ratio of 59 % (08 K 056) was obtained from the 1000 ppm IBA application, while the lowest rooting ratio of 22.50% (55 K 104) was obtained from the 1000 ppm IBA application.

Increasing basal dose of indole-3-butyric acid improve rooting and growth of different cutting types in Dahlia

Dahlias (Dahlia x hybrida) are an important flower crop that have been cultivated in a greenhouse in recent years. However, limited information is available on rooting potential of type of cuttings in response to varying indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentration. In the present study, the influence of IBA on the rooting and growth characteristics of Dahlia cuttings was analyzed. The Dahlia cuttings (with heel) were excised form the sprouted tubers and the cuttings without heel were taken from tender terminal shoots. Exogenously applied IBA (1500 mg L−1) for 5 s influenced the rooting characteristics with considerably earlier (17.5 days) root initiation with more number (6.7) and longer length (11.5 cm) of roots. The Dahlia softwood cuttings excised from tuberous shoots yielded better rooting when treated with IBA (1500 mg L−1). Authors suggest Dahlia nursery growers to undertake replicated trials before mass multiplication, to ascertain the varietal response of cuttings to rooting at varying IBA concentration.

Air Layering in Guava (Psidium guajava L.) as Influenced By IBA and Polywrappers

The experiment was conducted employing randomized block design with three replications, and the study consists of 12 treatment combinations in total using different concentration of Indolebutyric acid (IBA) in liquid, powder and paste form as well as using of white polywrappers (WP) and black polywrappers (BP). The best treatment was T11 with IBA Powder form@ 10000 ppm + BP which showed the highest root and growth parameters. With respect to number of primary roots, length of primary roots, diameter of primary roots, number of secondary roots, length of secondary roots, diameter of secondary roots, and dry weight of roots, T11was found superior. At 90 days after planting,70% success in rooting, 71.02% survival percentage, number of shoots per layer 7.78 and 15.56 number of leaf per plant was significantly (p>0.05) found higher as compared to other treatment combinations. Further, T8 (IBALiquid @ 10000 ppm + BP secured second position whereas minimum values were recorded in T3with IBA Paste @ 5000 ppm + White polywrapper.

Effect of Different Indole Butyric Acid Concentrations on Air Layering in Olive (Olea europaea L.)

The present investigation was carried out in the Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj in August 2022 to December 2022. The experiment was conducted to evaluate the best IBA concentrations among different concentrations of IBA for producing best layering and survival percentage in Olive. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design having 8 treatments and replicated 3 times. The treatment T4 in which IBA 4000 ppm was applied for air layering was found to be best in terms of shoot and root parameters observed, i.e., Number of days to root formation (46.11), Number of roots per layer (7.33), Root length (6.73 cm), Root thickness (1.66 mm), Number of new sprouts (2.67-1MAP, 3.89-2MAP & 5.67-3MAP), length of new shoot (2.78cm-1MAP, 3.73cm-2MAP & 5.44cm-3MAP), Number of new leaves (7.22-1MAP, 10.78-2MAP & 16.56-3MAP) and survival percentage (50.89%) in air layered olive plants, whereas minimum values were recorded in T8 (control). It can be inferred from this study that, the use of IBA 4000 ppm was effective to produce better root and shoot parameters and successful establishment of air layers in olive.

Effect of Different Concentrations of Indole Butyric Acid (IBA), Seaweed Extract and Phloroglucinol on Air Layering in Kinnow

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the best treatment combination among IBA, Seaweed Extract and Phloroglucinol concentration for assesing the success rate, survival percentage of Kinnow. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Design having 12 treatments and replicated 3 times. The T7 IBA@2000ppm+Phloroglucinol@5000ppm recorded highest values in terms of success in rooting percentage (73.67), number of days taken for initial root formation (28.44), root length of layers (7.30cm), number of roots per layering (20.44), root thickness (3.70mm), number of new sprouts per layer (6.56-1MAP, 8.89-2MAP, 8.56-3MAP & 8.00-4MAP), number of new leaves per layer (6.67-1MAP, 10.56-2MAP, 7.09-3MAP & 12.78-4MAP), length of new shoots (4.26cm-1MAP, 5.23cm-2MAP, 7.09cm-3MAP & 9.94cm-4MAP) and survival percentage of rooted polybag transplanted air layers (68.66%) respectively in Kinnow, whereas minimum values were recorded in T6 (IBA@3000ppm + SWE@5000ppm).

Pertumbuhan Stek Pucuk Mangga (Mangifera indica L.) terhadap Respon Konsentrasi IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) dan Macam Media Tanam

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a fruit plant that has long been known and has become a commodity that has high economic value and is a trade commodity between countries. Vegetative propagation technique is an alternative to reproduce this type of plant. This study aims to: 1) Determine the concentration of IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) which affects the growth of mango shoot cuttings (Mangifera indica L.). 2) Knowing the planting media that affect the growth of mango shoot cuttings (Mangifera indica L.). 3) To determine the interaction between the concentration of IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) and the planting medium which influences the growth of mango shoot cuttings (Mangifera indica L.). The research was carried out using Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors. The first factor was the concentration of IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) (0 ppm, 500 ppm and 1000 ppm) and the second factor was the planting medium (sand, husk charcoal and sand + husk charcoal) with 3 replications. The results of this study were 1) There was an effect of IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) concentration treatment on the growth of mango shoot cuttings (Mangifera indica L.). The effect occurred on the percentage of growing cuttings, days of shoot break, shoot length, and number of leaves. 2) There is an effect of growing media treatment on the growth of mango shoot cuttings (Mangifera indica L.). The effect occurred on the percentage of growing cuttings, shoot length and number of leaves. 3) There was no interaction between the treatment of IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) concentrations and the growing media on the growth of mango shoot cuttings (Mangifera indica L.).