Computer Etc Research Articles

Inclusive Growth, A Gateway of Sustainable Development of Higher Education Through Open and Distance Learning in India

Education play important role for crucial development of society as well as young generation, because it build and developed a person's beliefs, ideologies, values and take a substantial role to inclusive growth of any country. Inclusive education refer to empowering of every children with skills and knowledge’s, given equal opportunity of every children to access education equally. At the present context open and distance learning open horizontal windows of education for increasing learner participations and educational opportunities for many compatible learners who are deprived of to access classroom education due to financial, sociocultural and geographical barriers. Open and distance learning education system focuses on open access to education and learners free from the constrains of time and place and also get the opportunities of flexible learning. Nowadays educational policy of India has been emphasize to integrations of many ICT tools (audio-visual media- radio, television broadcast, video compact disc, video text, computer etc) and e-learning platform(SWAYAM,DIKSHA). For improvement of inclusive growth through open and distance learning for the quality of education and its aims to providing support and facilitated quality, access and equity for learning process in distance learning through interactive activities, by the inclusive growth through open and distance learning advocating peer to peer collaboration and also impact a great sense of autonomy and responsible learning. By the using of ICT integrated tools in education curriculum evaluation can be diversified and building intellectual capability of learners as well as inclusive growth of higher education system. Higher education is the backbone of any knowledge society. Availability, accessibility, acceptability of learning recourses of higher education level can be lead sustainable inclusive growth of education system and also give the opportunity of education for all students at same platform. National Educational Technology Forum(NETF) is a important scheme of Nation Education Policy(NEP)-2020 which will be created to provide a platform for the free exchange of ideas on the use of technology to enhance learning ,assessment ,planning ,administration and so on both school and higher education. Open and distance learning one of the most rapidly growing field of education nowadays, because of its major contribution in enhancing the Gross Enrollment Ratio(GER) in higher education and also have a sustainable impact on all education systems specially higher education.

TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION

With the advent of innovative technology, many traditional schools have resorted to modern techniques to facilitate student learning. Early steps recognize the role of technology in education. Which indicates the importance of audio-visual equipment like tele media, recording media, computer etc. Thus, educational technology emphasizes the art of employing so-called hardware, innovative media, and machine industry methods for educational purposes. It has now become clear that the systematic way in which technology is used to achieve a purpose is as important as the use of technology. Today the software aspect of educational technology has reached an important point i.e. it is useful in molding behavioural practices or in other words useful for solving problems of promoting learning and motivation. The most widely known meaning of educational technology today is more special than the acquisition of its hardware or software.

Maker Space: A Beginner Way to Imparting Library for Adani Institute of Infrastructure Engineering

Adani Institute of Infrastructure Engineering (AIIE) is established to equip the students to become modern-day engineers and managers primarily for the infrastructure and allied sectors. The Institute is presently conducting three Bachelor Programmes in Engineering. 1. BE- Civil & Infrastructure Engineering, 2.BE-Electrical Engineering, 3.BE -Information & Communication Technology. Adani Institute of Infrastructure Library embarked on a change journey in 2008 for services in support of the education. The concept for creating a maker space for engineering students within the library to foster activity -based learning. Maker spaces are over just places to create things; a maker space may be a physical location wherever people gather to share resources and knowledge, work on projects, network, and build. The NMC Horizon Report: 2015 higher education the paper examines the awareness and importance of library maker spaces. A questionnaire was used for collection of data. Around 50 questionnaires were distributed among the students. A total of 30 stuffed in questionnaires were selected for analysis of the data. While there is a push to include maker spaces in universities, very little is understood regarding the expertise of establishing maker spaces on engineering campuses. Typically, these maker spaces contain 3D printers and laser cutters, and offer facilities to conduct work, personal and collaborative projects. The idea for creating a maker space for engineering library is promotional activity-based learning. Maker spaces are over just places to make things; a maker space may be a physical location wherever people gather to share resources and knowledge, work practical projects, network, and build. Libraries that have lengthy been substitutable with peace and tranquillity are currently thought of as a part in which there have to be a stability between quiet surroundings and social dynamic mood. The intention of this study is to observe the importance of maker space of engineering libraries that is tremendously needed in technological advancements and alteration of ancient systems with new ones. This analysis consists of reviewing the domestic samples, conforming examples to library maker space and inspecting numerous libraries over a duration of time. The outcomes of this find out about indicate that generally, modern libraries have fewer areas for paper books and publications and individual study, instead, bigger spaces are committed to locations for cluster studies and the use of computer and maker space etc. This trade has influenced the function of the library space and maker space.

An EOQ Inventory Model for Time-varying Deteriorating Items with Cubic Demand under Salvage Value and Shortages

In this paper, an Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) inventory model is developed for time-varying deteriorating items. Researchers are constantly developing deteriorating inventory models to become more realistic. Many items like paddy, wheat, potato, onion, radioactive substance etc. are becoming damage over time. So time dependent deterioration is more realistic than a constant rate of deterioration of goods used in the present market. The assumption of constant demand rate may not be always appropriate for many inventory items like milk, vegetables etc, the age of these items has a negative impact on demand dure to loss of quality of such products, on the other hand, demand is becoming increased initially when new branded fashionable products like cosmetics, mobile, computer etc are launched in the market. So the demand rate is considered as a cubic function of time and time dependent holding cost. We also want to give importance on salvage value of an inventory system. The model is solved with salvages value associated to the units deteriorating during the cycle. Shortages are allowed and fully backlogged. Finally the model is illustrated with the help of a numerical example, some particular cases are derived and a comparative study of the optimal solutions towards different nature of demand is also presented graphically.

Bi-Analysis Recommendation for Utilization of ICT in E-Governance Services for BSNL using Data Analytics

Background: The main objective of this research work is to develop an E-Governance model based on bi-analysis results in standard database environment with aid of SWOT analysis along with cluster analysis. Methods: A model based questionnaire survey was conducted in all BSNL centers of Tamil Nadu, to know the infrastructure facilities like computer, software, hardware, network structure and automation components etc. A separate questionnaire was framed to know the present status of existing problems persisting throughout the BSNL center of Tamil Nadu, India. This research covers the entire research process including: formulating research questions, performing bi-analysis through SWOT analysis and Cluster analysis and modeling best recommendation model for BSNL public sector. Findings: SWOT analysis based Hierarchal clustering model is drawn as one among the best of other comparable models. Also produce 96% as success rate and 4% as weaken rate will promote this as opportunities for others to avail the ICT in BSNL organization. Applications: This model will provide a smooth flow of information, commands, requests and reporting between the government (BSNL administration) and the citizens (BSNL staff and Public), so as to enhance the speed and quality of internal functioning, as well as to provide a user-friendly access to outsiders. Also recommends the users to avail the ICT facility in public sector with maximum of utilization.

Electronic Solution for Smart Electric Metering over Power Line

without electronic is just likes human body without soul. Electronics plays very important role in human life. We are surrounded by electronic devices such mobile phone, television, computer etc. Power line communication (PLC) is a best electronic mean for data transmission. Using power line communication remote meter reading, power supply control and Electricity theft detection can be possible. This meter is called as smart because it transmit energy consumption units automatically through existing power lines and calculate bill amount. . In this detection system, separate energy meter is used which is located at distribution pole stores the value of energy consumed by all subscriber at that connection point. The stored energy value is compared with the total value at main energy meter situated at individual subscriber's premises. In case of any difference between two recorded energy values, an error signal is generated. The architecture of the system is presented. In this paper, the above said process is totally automatic and the communication is made possible entirely through the power line Keywordselectricity usage detection; power line communication; power line communication (PLC) modem; power supply control; Remote meter reading.

A Parallel Random Access Machine (PRAM) Model for English Language Recognizer (PRAM-ELR)

As, technology grows day by day ,computers become ever faster with its importance and having maximum computing power, computational cost also increases, development at its high end then we state that parallel computing technology (parallelism) is the main building block of this era of development and, for this purpose, therefore, all aspects have been thought about to meet the need of time. Uni-processing abstracted into parallel processing. Many visions of parallel computing included Parallel Random Access Machine (PRAM), Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) , Compute Unified Device Architecture extension in Clanguage (CUDA –C) , Local Area Multicomputer- Message Passing Interface (LAM-MPI) ,cluster and grid computer etc have been used in different fields. Many of the sequential algorithms can be implemented parallel to increase efficiency, computing power, computational cost and speed. Here, we proposed a Parallel Random Access Model (PRAM) of the algorithm of ELR – NPDA [1] to make it more efficient, fast and powerful so that, this new parallel version of ELR–NPDA [1] called PRAMELR can be parse large data set speedier.

Secure Access of Intelligent Tutorial System on Cloud using RSA Algorithm

Intelligent Tutoring System on the cloud considers the student's learning style and quality of education. This paper presents a general architecture of ITS using the cloud paradigm for effective working of distance learning education system. In ITS cooperative learning is achieved either by interaction between the student and the tutor or inside the group of learners. Intelligent Tutorial System is generally used for any trends of study like mathematics, physics, computer etc. Cloud computing is nothing but privatization of Internet on demand and with complete scalability of required resources which is very useful for Intelligent Tutoring System. ITS hosted on the Cloud will provide effectual services using cloud's secure layer. This paper further discusses the security challenge faced by intelligent tutorial system's access through cloud. This security threat can hence be trounced using RSA algorithm. Internally RSA implements a public-key cryptosystem wherein each user has his own encryption and decryption procedures.

A Critical Conceptual Analysis of Definitions of Artificial Intelligence as Applicable to Computer Engineering

The purpose of artificial intelligence is to acquire knowledge of required subject. Knowledge acquisition involves knowledge of dark energy (74% of universe), knowledge of dark matter (22%) and knowledge of visible matter (4%). This knowledge can be gathered through biological sensors (5 senses) and non-biological sensors like, robot, TV, mobile, camera, microscopes, radar, computer etc. The present definitions of artificial intelligence cover only the computer portion of the visible word i.e., an iota of 4% hence are not complete. A complete definition is required to cover the entire universe and all the means of acquisition of intelligence through artificial means. This paper analyses all the existing definitions of artificial intelligence and recommends that Artificial Intelligence is the mechanical simulation system of collecting knowledge and information and processing intelligence of universe: (collating and interpreting) and disseminating it to the eligible in the form of actionable intelligence.

An Investigation of Multidimensional Energy Poverty in Pakistan

Poverty is an alarming problem all over the world. It is one of the severe challenges today faced by not only the developing nations but by the developed nations also. However, the problem is worst in developing countries [United Nations and IEA (2010)]. All these countries face poverty in different forms such as food poverty, energy poverty, shortage of natural resources, shortage of agricultural products, lack of shelter and clothing among others. It is persuasive to correlate poverty with lack of energy consumption also. Such a correlation identifies that poor use energy very inadequately [Pachauri, et al. (2004)]. Energy helps societies to move from one development stage to another. Worldwide energy demand is increasing while supply is decreasing due to increase in the world population, emerging economies and economic development. In current day to day life energy has become an essential requirement. For all of us energy is required for lighting, transportation, cooking, health services, and to fulfill many of our basic needs. Electricity access at household level enhances telecommunication, entertainment, and knowledge via radio, television, and computer etc.

Grafting polyphenyl-like films on metallic surfaces using galvanic anodes

Based on the literature, the reduction of diazonium salts (either by electrochemistry, photochemistry or chemistry) leads to a covalently grafted polyphenyl-like coating. We describe here a new diazonium-based redox process that leads to thick and strongly adherent coatings similar to the ones obtained by electroreduction, but without any electrochemical setup (potentiostat, electrochemical cell, reference electrode, computer etc). That new process is simply based on the galvanic current generated by the association of two different metals. An ohmic contact between the two metals immersed in an electrolytic solution creates a current flow from the less noble metal (anode) to the more noble one (cathode). We take advantage of this phenomenon to build grafted polyphenyl-like coatings on various conductive substrates. This preliminary study aims at answering the question: how does this new process work? To achieve this study, the different parameters of the process are examined: the nature of the cathode and the anode, influences of the diazonium salt, the solvent and the temperature. The resulting grafted coatings are analyzed by IR-ATR, contact angle and profilometry.

A Multi Homing Based IPv4/IPv6 Migration Expenditure Model: Multicost6

In this research work we investigate an innovative economical and technological IPv4/IPv6 a novel multi homing migrational model named ‘Multicost6’. The ‘Multicost6’ offers innovative economical and technological charges like the first one is the real amount of hardware which indicates an economical value and second one is real rate of software like training cost and the third one is labour outlay and fourth one is an un anticipated charge and fifth one is named such as another cost required for multi homing transition. The availability of two or more connectivity providers (configuration known as multi homing) allows improvements in failure tolerance and enables traffic engineering capabilities. Multi homing allows a site/node to connect to multiple Internet service providers (ISPs) simultaneously. The proposed solution consists of multiple mechanisms that provide different benefits to the multi homed site. In this approach,each multi homed host is assigned multiple prefixes from its upstream providers,and it creates the interface identifier part of its addresses. With the advantages of the eased renumbering network mechanism and the large addressing space introduced by IPv6 network,multi homing will become much more popular. In this innovative research work we have propounded a technical and an economical expenditure estimation model(Multicost6) for Hardware,Software,Labour,Un anticipated and Other costs for University of Mysore(DoS in CS,Manasagangotri,Mysore-6) and Mangalore University(Department of CS,Mangalagangotri,Mangalore) in INDIA. The experiment was organized for various sizes of LAN’s with different size digital computers such as Desktop machines,Laptops,Main frame computers,Mini computers,Super computer etc to study and analyze the effect of charge estimation model(Multicost6) for multi homing technique and the results proves that multicost6 expense estimation model for multi homing host is Low,Medium and High based on Hardware,Software,Labour and Other expenditure estimation factors. In order to Plot Bar chart,Pie chart we used Matlab 7.11.0(R2010b) and to compute Simulation results we have also adopted NS2.

Design of Semi-Physical Simulation for Small Satellite by Virtual Display

Semi-physical simulation of attitude control system is the more synthetically test and verify for designing of small satellite control system. It is an important means of small satellite development. However, the results of current semi-physical simulation system have a lot of non-intuitive. Compare with the actual environment, the simulation environment still has striking disparity. So the shortcomings affect precision of simulation. Based on the virtual display technology, the group semi-physical simulation system has been constructed for attitude control of small satellite due to the combination with xPC real-time environment, the simulation computer, high-precision single-axis air-bearing turntable, reaction wheel, air thrust device, fiber gyroscopes, sensors synchronizer, power subsystem and wireless devices virtual display computer etc. Semi-physical simulation achieved the visual simulation in orbit and tracked new information of virtual environment of space into real-time simulation computer. Simulation results show that the simulation system for real-time attitude and orbit position of small satellite semi-physical simulation has an excellent display effect. At the same time, Real-time transfuse of orbit information provides a more accurate space environment simulation. The simulation system of small satellite attitude control to design and evaluate the more direct and convenient.

Global Warming Impact on the Earth

Atomic properties of elements and compounds are prone to change due to fluctuation of surrounding temperature and pressure. General properties of elements and compounds are exhibiting at par with the normal temperature and pressure (NTP). As the cause of global warming, the atomic properties of elements and compounds will not behave normally as in NTP. Their characteristics and applications are subjected to evergreen changing process, since natural temperature and pressure are not remaining constant in case of global warming. Whole life pattern of the living beings will be full of complexity and not guided by any rules in case of global warming. Industries, refineries, excessive electromagnetic wave propagation through air, transport vehicles - road and airways, rapid growth of entertainment equipment like air conditioned (A.C) machine, refrigerator, television, mobile phone, computer etc are the main cause of increasing environment temperature. To solve this emerging problem, Industrialization (Industry should grow with minimum working space effecting least environment pollution) and Naturalization (Maximum portion of the earth must be covered with either agricultural green trees or clean water) have to be provided side by side and at the same time people have to minimize using all type of entertainment equipment, otherwise global warming may cause destruction of the world.

Self-Organization and Self-Similarity in Boiling Systems

AbstractBoiling system is a typical open dissipative structure. Focusing on the investigation of boundary adjacent to heating plate surface in boiling system, nonlinear non-equilibrium statistical thermodynamics theory of open systems was originally constructed. The competitive bubble formation was realized by non-equilibrium phase transition caused by the interactions among active sites or bubbles. The “natural selection” among all possible sites was mathematically outlined. It was by the means of “natural selection” that a kind of self-organized and self-similar structure was formed. The present studies theoretically explained the experimental observations from other researchers, and gave more reasonable guidance of enhancing boiling heat transfer, such as by way of installing artificial cavities. Beyond the scope of boiling systems, the present studies not only have far-reaching theoretical implications on explaining time, life, thermodynamic, self-similar, fluctuation, order and chaos etc., but also can find many promising applications from new perspectives, such as wider industrial optimization, the recognitions of pattern and reproduction pattern of by computer etc.

Hybrid Micro Circuits

Hybrid microcircuits (HMCs) are playing important roles in various electronic fields such as military, space, medical, computer, automotive, instrumentation, industry and consumer electronics etc. The strength of hybrid microelectronics is the ability to choose and mix different technologies to best meet the requirements of the application. The early hybrid microcircuits generally combined discrete transistors, diodes, capacitors and resistors to produce analog or digital circuits. But with the latest developments in microelectronics industry, the hybrid microelectronics has grown combining ICs, LSI & VLSI functions, GaAs devices, single and multiple chips, optical and superconductor chips on single monolithic ceramic substrate. For performing complex electrical functions, three-dimensional (3-D) integration is now made possible to produce advanced multi-chip and multi-layer hybrids known as multi chip modules (MCMs). High frequency, high power, higher reliability, size, weight, thermal performance, low cost and design to product turn around time are the important factors, which preferably decide the use of hybrid microelectronics. The present note introduces hybrid microcircuits, technologies for hybrid manufacturing, advanced hybrid technologies, advantages and various applications areas for hybrid microcircuits.

A control system of material handlingin FMS

The design of a control system for the material transport as used in gear-box flexible manufacturing system is presented in this paper. The scope of investigation covers material transport control, automatic vehicle, material exchange station, multi-storeyed warehouse system, NC and CNC machines and host computer etc. The paper describes the transport control system and its design, and briefly describes the communication among devices and warehouse access principles.