Computer-assisted Self-interview Research Articles

Trends in the use and nonmedical use of sedatives-hypnotics in the population aged 12 to 64 years in Taiwan: a comparative analysis of the national surveys in 2014 and 2018

BackgroundMany countries, including Taiwan, have tightened regulations on prescribing sedatives-hypnotics over the concern of their associated adverse health effects. However, it remains seldom investigated whether different age-sex strata have differential trends in national surveys over time for either the use or nonmedical use (NMU) of sedatives-hypnotics. Comparing Taiwan’s two national surveys in 2014 and 2018, we aimed to examine (1) the population’s trends for the prevalence of past-year use and NMU of sedatives-hypnotics overall and in age-sex strata; (2) trends for sociodemographic subgroups for those age-sex strata with significant changes in past-year use and NMU of sedatives-hypnotics over time; and (3) trends for sources of and motives for NMU of sedatives-hypnotics.MethodsThe national survey enrolled 17,837 participants in 2014 (response rate = 62.2%) and 18,626 participants in 2018 (response rate = 64.6%) of citizens aged 12–64 years. Each participant anonymously completed a computer-assisted self-interview. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic variables and the use of various psychoactive substances and sedative-hypnotics, among others. NMU of sedative-hypnotics was defined as using the drug without a prescription, or more frequently, or in larger doses than prescribed. To compare the prevalence between the two waves, we conducted multivariable logistic regression analysis and the difference-in-differences in prevalence was examined with an interaction term between survey year and sex.ResultsWe found decreasing trends in young adult (18–39 years old) males for both past-year use (3.07–2.29%) and NMU (0.84–0.18%), but increasing trends in adolescents (0.42–0.80%) and young adult females (2.91–3.81%) for past-year use and in adolescents (0.16–0.39%) and middle-aged adult (40–64 years old) females (0.73–1.14%) for past-year NMU of sedatives-hypnotics. Among the young and middle-aged adult females, the increasing trends for past-year use and NMU, respectively, were found to occur mainly in certain sociodemographic subgroups, with alcohol users being the overlapping subgroup.ConclusionsThe differential trends over time of past-year use or NMU of sedatives-hypnotics in different age-sex strata in the population have policy implications to curtail the increasing trend over time.

Exploration of user satisfaction in using the newly redesigned MoliCare Premium Men Pad: in-home use study.

Men frequently underestimate the significance of urinary incontinence and fail to disclose their condition owing to embarrassment and the associated social stigma. Therefore, successful incontinence management with absorbent products helps individuals cope with the emotional and social challenges arising from incontinence, including visible urine leakage, frequent urination, unpleasant odours, and isolation. To assess the most essential performance features of the newly developed MoliCare Premium Men Pad. Computer-assisted personal interviews were conducted to obtain the opinions and satisfaction levels of 69 male users with incontinence in Germany regarding different performance characteristics of the newly designed MoliCare Premium Men Pad after using the product. All performance characteristics of the new MoliCare Premium Men Pad design received positive ratings from all interviewees. Notably, 90% of participants were 'highly satisfied' and 'satisfied' with the new MoliCare design. The new MoliCare SkinGuard absorbent core technology, anti-leakage guards, and well-engineered product design provide protection, discretion, and comfort to individuals with incontinence. The newly developed MoliCare Premium Men Pad is specifically tailored to meet the primary needs of male pad users and help them maintain a normal lifestyle.

Cohort profile: DNA methylation in the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA) – recruitment and participant characteristics

PurposeEpigenetic modifications including DNA methylation (DNAm) are proposed mechanisms by which social or environmental exposures may influence health and behaviours as we age. The Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal...

Sensitization against Covid-19 in Algeria: Which communication strategies?

In the era of a health crisis of international concern, the authorities must elaborate on communication strategies to inform the right way about the risks and how to deal with them. In this regard, we analyze the feedback on the used communication strategies in Algeria during the Covid-19 outbreak, to identify the most impactful ones and characterize the population sensitivities. To this end, Computer Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI) were conducted among 1500 households to collect the data. Videos and posters concerning Covid-19 information were shown to the inteviewees. Then a method inspired by that of Elimination and Choice Expressing REality is used to select the most impactful messages. Moreover, statistical models are used to identify the corresponding message to each target population. The obtained results show that videos containing real images or those with celebrities are the most impactful. In particular, to target youth (under 25), urban people, and those living in small household sizes. Videos are judged as more impactful than posters, and videos with real images are better than schematic ones. Empathy and guilt seem to play a role in the communication messages that impact the youth, and people with less than basic educational level. Furthermore, the evolution of the media explains why the elderly gave a better ranking to posters with writing, whereas the youth were more impacted by the audio-visual messages. In sum, to sensitize Algerians the government must focus on messages that contain real images, or famous people having good credibility. Unfortunately, until now, the videos using schemes are more deployed in Algeria, even those established by the World Health Organization.

Sexual mixing in bisexual activity in male-male partnerships in Melbourne, Australia.

Background The patterns of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in populations may be influenced by the sexual mixing within the population. We aimed to investigate the assortative sexual mixing pattern by bisexuality in male-male partnerships. Methods This was a retrospective repeated cross-sectional study of men with mostly regular male partners attending the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre between 2011 and 2019. Data on sexual practices, including their sexual practices, presence of other male/female sex partners and the gender of sexual partners in the previous 3 and 12months, were collected using computer-assisted self-interview. We calculated the proportion of male partnerships where at least one man in the partnership reported a female sex partner. Results A total of 2056 male-male partnerships (i.e. 4112 individuals) with a median age of 29 years (IQR 25 to 35) were included. Overall, in 94.4% (1941/2056) of male-male partnerships both men had male partners only; however, in 5.5% (113/2056) of partnerships, one man had both male and female partners, and in 0.1% (2/2056) partnerships, both men had both male and female partners. No assortative relationship was found on the sexual mixing by bisexuality in male-male partnerships due to the low assortativity coefficient (r =0.006, 95% CI: -0.004 to 0.016). Conclusion One in 20 male-male partnerships had at least one man who had both male and female partners within the preceding year. Individuals were not selective by bisexuality, suggesting that partnerships of bisexual individuals are mixed proportionately to the distribution of their characteristics. Still, these sexual mixing practices may affect STI transmission dynamics.

Pharmacologic Drug Detection and Self-Reported Adherence in the HPTN069/ACTG5305 Phase II PrEP Trial

Adherence drives efficacy in PrEP clinical trials. We compared drug concentrations and self-reported adherence in HPTN069/ACTG5305, a double-blinded, randomized trial of the safety and tolerability of candidate PrEP regimens that included maraviroc (MVC), tenofovir (TDF), and emtricitabine (FTC). Plasma drug concentrations and self-reported adherence by computer-assisted self-interview (CASI) were assessed at study weeks 24 and 48. Descriptive statistics and a generalized linear model were used to assess the association between selected demographic factors, self-report of daily medication adherence and plasma drug concentrations consistent with daily adherence. Among 718 paired observations from 370 participants, 43% (306/718) reported daily adherence by CASI, 65% (467/718) had drug concentrations consistent with daily adherence and 11% (81/718) had CASI responses that reported daily adherence despite having drug concentrations consistent with less-than-daily adherence. In adjusted analyses, participants who were assigned male at birth (aOR 1.42 [95% CI 1.02, 1.97]), older (5-year increments aOR 1.10 [95% CI 1.09, 1.11]), White (aOR 2.2 [95% CI 1.88, 2.56]), had advanced education (aOR 3.89 [95% CI 2.97, 5.09]), were employed (aOR 1.89 [95% CI 1.50, 2.40]), or partnered/married (aOR 2 [95% CI 1.72, 2.32]) were more likely to have drug concentrations consistent with daily adherence. Participants who were not employed (aOR 2.7 [95% CI 1.31, 5.55]) or who were single/not partnered (aOR 2.33 [CI 95% 1.25, 4.34]) were more likely to have drug concentrations that did not reflect daily adherence despite self-reported PrEP adherence. These findings support the need for ongoing adherence counseling in clinical trials of new PrEP regimens.

Developing and validating the Nepalese Abuse Assessment Screen (N-AAS) for identifying domestic violence among pregnant women in Nepal.

This study culturally adapted and validated a Nepalese version of the Abuse Assessment Screen (AAS) tool for identifying domestic violence among pregnant women in Nepal, creating the Nepalese Abuse Assessment Screen (N-AAS). International and national topic experts reviewed the initial N-AAS version using the Delphi method, and pregnant women participated in cognitive interviews, providing feedback on the N-AAS as user experts. Subsequent pre-testing of a comprehensive questionnaire, which included the translated version of the N-AAS, occurred in two tertiary care hospitals using an electronic format known as Color-Coded Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview (C-ACASI). The study assessed the content validity index, compared the concurrent validity of the N-AAS with the gold standard interview, estimated the prevalence of domestic violence from two hospitals, and calculated the Kappa coefficient. The reliability of the entire questionnaire was also evaluated through a test-retest analysis, with content validity rated as "good to excellent" by topic and user experts and high test-retest reliability (91.2-98.9%), indicating consistency across questionnaires completed at two different time points, with 12% of participants reporting any form of violence. The N-AAS demonstrated ≥91.7% specificity for all forms of abuse, accurately identifying non-abuse cases. In addition, moderate to excellent sensitivity was observed for emotional abuse (52.5%) and physical abuse since marriage (50%), while sensitivity for physical abuse in the past 12 months was 100%. Thus, the N-AAS demonstrated reliable test-retest results with a good Kappa coefficient and specificity, as well as showing excellent sensitivity for detecting recent physical abuse and moderate sensitivity for detecting emotional abuse and physical abuse since marriage. Because cultural context often leads women to normalize and tolerate abuse from spouses and family members and women are thus reluctant to report abuse, the results imply that the N-AAS can serve as a valuable screening tool for domestic abuse in antenatal care settings in Nepal.

A sound methodology: Measuring experiences of violent conflict through audio self-interviews

This paper investigates the impact of different survey administration methods on the disclosure of sensitive or traumatic experiences. Respondents of a pilot study in Ethiopia were randomly assigned to answer questions either using audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (ACASI) or as part of a face-to-face (FtF) enumerator-based interview. Results indicate that ACASI led to higher disclosure rates of conflict-related experiences, particularly for the most sensitive questions, i.e., when either the respondent or a close friend or family member was the victim, or when the trauma suffered was more severe. ACASI offers a viable solution to measure traumatic conflict-related experience exposure in low-literacy settings, overcoming the underestimation problem commonly observed when using standard survey methods.

Assessment of prevalence of elevated blood lead levels and risk factors among children and pregnant women in Bihar, India

BackgroundWhile modeled estimates and studies in contaminated areas indicate high lead exposure among children in Bihar, India, local data on lead exposure in the child population is limited. ObjectivesTo characterize lead exposure, and assess potential sources of lead exposure among a state-representative sample of children and their pregnant mothers residing in Bihar. MethodsBlood samples were collected from 697 children under five and 55 pregnant women from eight districts in Bihar. Blood lead levels were determined using capillary blood and a portable lead analyzer. Household demographics, home environment, behavior, and nutrition information were collected through computer-assisted personal interviews with primary caregivers. Logistic regression was used to assess associations between potential risk factors and elevated blood lead levels. ResultsMore than 90% of children and 80% of pregnant women reported blood lead levels ≥5 μg/dL. Living near a lead-related industry and pica behavior of eating soil were significantly associated with increased odds of having elevated blood lead levels. Additional risk factors for having a blood level ≥5 μg/dL included the use of skin lightning cream (aOR = 5.11, 95%CI: 1.62, 16.16) and the use of eyeliners (aOR = 2.81, 95%CI: 1.14, 6.93). Having blood lead levels ≥10 μg/dL was also significantly associated with the household member who had an occupation or hobby involving the use of lead (aOR = 1.75, 95%CI: 1.13, 2.72). DiscussionElevated blood lead levels were prevalent among children and pregnant women in Bihar, indicating the urgent need for a comprehensive lead poisoning prevention strategy.

Improving the Electronic Data Collection System (EDCS), a Computer-assisted Personal Interviewing and Database Tool Used for the Expanded National Nutrition Survey

The Expanded National Nutrition Survey (ENNS), formerly the National Nutrition Survey, is a regularly conducted survey that records the Philippines’ overall nutritional status. This is especially important not only for government intervention and policy-making but also for private sector entities that plan for their nutrition and development programs. First deployed during the conduct of the 2013 ENNS, the electronic data collection system (EDCS) is a tool that implemented computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) functionalities. This paper records the improvements made to this system and its division into separate subsystems, various CAPI subsystems with specialized functionalities, and how they interact with each other. Descriptive analysis was used for the users’ feedback and recommendations – specifically, for usability and navigation, system performance and portability, technicality and security, and visual design. The system is able to support interviews during the ENNS and receive positive feedback – garnering visual design the highest, whereas technicality and security the lowest acceptability rating – thereby proving this division useful. Overall, the system is capable of supporting the ENNS and will continue its improvement through the continual user feedback received.

Influence of an interview location on opinions about the ecosystem services provided by trees

Collecting opinions regarding environmental management is essential, particularly in urban areas where space is limited, and interests often collide. However, the impact of the conditions in which the research is conducted on opinions and preferences elicited via surveys and interviews about the environment is usually taken for granted. The recent development of computer-aided survey methods allows a simulation of an environment, which can create an artificial environment for interviews. Therefore, examining whether direct access to the environment impacts opinions and preferences becomes a significant issue when considering environmental policies and management design and execution. This study examines whether the location of an interview, indoors or outdoors (in the vicinity of trees), influences the opinion on the ecosystem services (ES) trees provide. A quasi-experimental method with a map-aided computer-assisted personal interview (CAPI) survey in two Polish cities, indoors and outdoors, in the vicinity of trees, shows that respondents’ location did not significantly affect the opinion on the ES provided by trees. However, on average, respondents answering the survey inside buildings marked more trees on a map than those answering outside. We argue that although an interview location does not have a significant impact on the results, from the perspective of various stakeholder groups in participatory processes, the convenience of place is more important than the character of the place (i.e., in the vicinity of trees) as long as the survey method is mediated by a virtual representation of the subject of the study.

Using paradata to assess respondent burden and interviewer effects in household surveys: Evidence from low- and middle-income countries1

Over the past decade, national statistical offices in low- and middle-income countries have increasingly transitioned to computer-assisted personal interviewing and computer-assisted telephone interviewing for the implementation of household surveys. The byproducts of these types of data collection are survey paradata, which can unlock objective, module- and question-specific, actionable insights on survey respondent burden, survey costs, and interviewer effects – all of which have been understudied in low- and middle-income contexts. This study uses paradata generated by Survey Solutions, a computer-assisted personal interviewing platform used in recent national household surveys implemented by the national statistical offices of Cambodia, Ethiopia, and Tanzania. Across countries, the average household interview, based on a socioeconomic household questionnaire, ranges from 82 to 120 minutes, while the average interview with an adult household member, based on a multi-topic individual questionnaire, takes between 13 to 25 minutes. The paper further provides guidelines on the use of paradata for module-level analysis to aid in operational survey decisions, such as using interview length to estimate unit cost for budgeting purposes as well as understanding interviewer effects using a multilevel model. Our findings, particularly by module, point to where additional interviewer training, fieldwork supervision, and data quality monitoring may be needed in future surveys.

Use of computer-assisted self-interview in detection of and referral for depression among adolescents living with HIV at an urban HIV treatment clinic in Uganda: a quasi-experimental study

BackgroundDepression is common among adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) and impacts their quality of life. However, it is not routinely detected and treated due to a lack of screening tools,...

Profit Efficiency of Milk Producers in Ethiopia: Empirical Evidence from Western Shewa Milk Shade, Walmara District

The study assessed the profit efficiency and the responsible factors for the inefficiency of dairy farmers in West Shewa milkshed, central Ethiopia. A multistage random sampling method was employed to select sample households. The primary data were collected using structured questionnaires with computer-assisted personal interviews (CAPI). Descriptive and econometric data analysis were performed, and the stochastic frontier model was the model used. The result disclosed that the dairy business is profitable, and the mean efficiency score is 71%, indicating the existence of 29% inefficiency in dairy farming. This result indicates that enhancement of all the efficiencies will enable households to attain a potential profit of 88428.25 birrs. Sex, the price of milk, and the number of cows owned were the main factors that affected the profit inefficiency of the dairy farmers. This study suggests that the profit efficiency of dairy farmers will be enhanced if they choose their dairy farm sizes based on the production resources they have, and if the milk collection centers are availed in all villages.

A Feasible Estimation of a “Corrected” EQ-5D Social Tariff

ObjectivesTo demonstrate the feasibility of estimating a social tariff free of utility curvature and probability weighting biases and to test transferability between riskless and risky contexts. MethodsValuations for a selection of EQ-5D-3L health states were collected from a large and representative sample (N = 1676) of the Spanish general population through computer-assisted personal interviewing. Two elicitation methods were used: the traditional time trade-off (TTO) and a novel risky-TTO procedure. Both methods are equivalent for better than death states, which allowed us to test transferability of utilities across riskless and risky contexts. Corrective procedures applied are based on rank-dependent utility theory, identifying parameter estimates at the individual level. All corrections are health-state specific, which is a unique feature of our corrective approach. ResultsTwo corrected value sets for the EQ-5D-3L system are estimated, highlighting the feasibility of developing national tariffs under nonexpected utility theories, such as rank-dependent utility. Furthermore, transferability was not supported for at least half of the health states valued by our sample. ConclusionsIt is feasible to estimate a social tariff by using interviewing techniques, sample sizes, and sample representativeness equivalent to prior studies designed to generate national value sets for the EQ-5D. Utilities obtained in distinct contexts may not be interchangeable. Our findings caution against routinely taking transferability of utility for granted.

Building Bridges: Understanding the Interplay between Generation X, Generation Y, and Generation Baby Boomers – Characteristics, Organisational Culture, and Organisational Identification in Modern Cities

Over the years, the profile of a modern city dweller has been evolving and diversifying due to the emergence of various generations. Different generations are characterised by distinct expectations and perspectives towards life. Therefore, in today’s highly dynamic environment, city authorities must deeply understand their city dwellers to build an influential organisational culture which will lead them to have city friendly citizens in order to create resilient, sustainable, and inclusive cities. This study aims to define the impact of Generation X, Generation Y, and Generation Baby Boomers employees’ characteristics on organisational culture and organisational identification relationships in terms of professional and urban life. From this perspective, a study was carried out on 460 white-collar employees who are city dwellers working stationary in the private sector in Istanbul. The data were obtained in the course of a quantitative study carried out through an interview questionnaire using the CAPI (Computer Assisted Personal Interview) technique. The primary conclusions are that there is a statistically significant and positive relationship between clan (β = 0.360, p < 0.01) as well as market (β = 0.147, p < 0.05) culture and organisational identification. In addition, there is a statistically significant relationship between employees’ experience levels and their perceptions of adhocracy culture (F = 3.19, p < 0.05), and there is no statistically significant difference between the perceptions of Generation X, Y, and Baby Boomers employees about organisational culture and organisational identification levels.

The Use of Premixed Drugs in Commodity Packets in the Population: Prevalence and Correlates Revealed by the 2018 National Survey of Substance Use in Taiwan.

Administering premixed drugs in commodity packets was first reported in Asia in 2015, but there continues to be a dearth of related population-based data. This study aimed at examining (1) the prevalence of drug-packet use in the population and (2) the sociodemographic profiles, particularly gender distribution, of drug-packet users. Data were derived from a survey of 18,626 Taiwanese civilians, aged 12-64 years, using stratified, multi-stage, random sampling in 2018. Participants anonymously completed a computer-assisted self-interview on tablet computers which covered the use and problematic use of illicit drugs/inhalants, prescription drugs, and other psychoactive substances. Approximately 1.46% of respondents had a lifetime use of illicit drugs, with drugs in commodity packets (0.18%) being ranked the fifth-most commonly used illicit drugs, higher than nitrous oxide (0.14%) and heroin (0.09%). Ten formats of drug packets were endorsed by users. Approximately 81.6% of persons with drug packet use had lifetime use of other illicit drugs. The correlates of the use of drugs in commodity packets were different from those of the exclusive use of other drugs, particularly concerning the lack of gender differences in the former category in the whole sample and the subgroups of various sociodemographic characteristics and other substance use. Drugs in commodity packets have become a common way of administering illicit drugs in the population in Taiwan, and there were no gender differences among users. Our findings have implications for more efficient drug testing and culturally appropriate intervention for drug-packet use.

The Impact of Removing the 10-Minute Bout Requirement and of Different Survey Administration Methods on National Physical Activity Estimates in Austria.

Monitoring survey methods, as well as movement recommendations, evolves over time. These changes can make trend observations over time difficult. The aim of this study was to examine the differences between 2 computer-assisted survey administration methods and the effect of the omission of the 10-minute minimum bout requirement in physical activity (PA) questions on PA outcomes. We used data from the second Austrian PA Surveillance System for 2998 adults (18-64y), applying computer-assisted personal interviewing and computer-assisted web interviewing. Within the computer-assisted web interviewing sample only, we added PA questions without the 10-minute requirement. Quantile and logistic regressions were applied. Between computer-assisted web interviewing and computer-assisted personal interviewing, within the computer-assisted personal interviewing sample, we found lower PA estimates in the leisure domain and work and household domain, but not in the travel domain, and no significant difference in the proportion of people meeting the PA recommendations. In all 3 PA domains, the median minutes did not differ when assessed with or without the 10-minute requirement. However, the percentage participation in the travel domain and work and household domain performing >0minutes per week PA was higher when there was no 10-minute requirement. The proportion of people meeting the Austrian aerobic recommendation for adults when computed with or without the 10-minute requirement did not differ. Our findings suggest that the omission of the 10-minute requirement does not seem to result in marked differences in PA estimates or the proportion of adults meeting the recommendations.

Postharvest practices and loss determinants for interventions among smallholder potato farmers in Tiyo district, Arsi zone, Ethiopia

Postharvest loss reduction, which will contribute to several sustainable development goals (SDGs) including SDG 1, 2, 3, 9, 12 and 13, is an important strategy for food and nutrition security. It requires interventions designed based on timely and reliable statistical data. However, lack of produce-specific loss data and associated factors along the postharvest value chain stages remains a challenge to implement appropriate interventions. Therefore, a survey was conducted on socio-demographic characteristics, postharvest practices, extent and causes of losses, and factors influencing postharvest loss of potato crops in Tiyo district of Arsi Zone, Ethiopia in 2022. A multistage sampling method was used to select a total of 209 smallholder potato farming household heads through a combination of purposive and simple random sampling techniques. Quantitative data collection was carried out online using computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) by programming a semi-structured questionnaire in KoboCollect software for tablets. Descriptive statistics and ordinal probit regression model were used to analyze the collected data and determinant factors influencing postharvest loss of potatoes at various farm-level stages, respectively. An aggregate of 15-46% loss exists between harvesting and marketing. Losses during harvesting, sorting, cleaning, packaging, field-to-storage transport, storage, and storage-to-market transport were 58.9%, 6.2%, 2.9%, 2.4%, 3.8%, 20.1%, and 5.7%, respectively. Elevated loss during harvesting and storage in the area is likely to reflect poor handling and storage practices. The primary causes of losses were poor harvesting and handling techniques, poor storage facility, and insects and worms. Moreover, regression model estimations of categorical losses, as perceived by farmers, reveal that socio-demographic variables and postharvest factors influenced potato loss. During the harvest stage, working family members significantly (p<0.01) increased loss while years of schooling (p<0.05) significantly reduced loss. In addition, harvesting using leaf color change observation as a criterion had significantly (p<0.01) mitigated potato loss. In storage, female respondents (p<0.05), land size (p<0.05), and lack of training (p<0.1) had accentuated loss. During transport, the age of household reduced (p<0.1) loss whereas farming experience promoted (p<0.1) it. To reduce the existing losses, farmers’ awareness should be increased concerning each stage. The study recommends the need for stakeholders’ intervention focusing on postharvest knowledge and skill capacity building, demonstration of simple innovative ventilated storage construction using locally available materials, appropriate packaging (such as reusable plastic crates) and transport methods, and simple value addition methods (such as potato drying using indirect solar dryers and potato flour processing for fortifying local cereals). Key words: CAPI, Ethiopia, ordinal probit regression, postharvest practices, potato loss determinants

Open Questions Self-Administered on the Web versus Interviewer-Administered in Person: The 2016 American National Election Study Mode Comparison

Abstract Relatively little is known about the performance of open questions in self-administered questionnaires compared to interviewer-administered ones. We examined this issue using the responses to the 2016 American National Election Study’s Web self-administered questionnaires and face-to-face computer-assisted personal interviews (CAPI) from independently drawn samples that asked three sets of open questions: most important problem(s) facing the country; candidate for and against reasons; and political party likes and dislikes. Although Web respondents gave shorter answers with fewer codeable ideas than face-to-face respondents, the two modes produced similar distributions of substantive answers. Despite our expectation that open answers to interviewers would be more civil than those expressed on the Web, there was no difference in civility between the modes. However, the construct validity of the four candidate for and against items (predicting vote choice of Clinton vs. Trump) was higher on the Web than in the interviewer-administered CAPI. These findings call into question the conventional wisdom that open questions are not well suited for self-administration and suggest that researchers should consider more frequent use of open questions in Web surveys.