Computational Methods In Engineering Research Articles

Quantum Machine Learning for Computational Methods in Engineering: A Systematic Review

Quantum Machine Learning for Computational Methods in Engineering: A Systematic Review

A review on the progress and research directions of ocean engineering

This paper reviews research in ocean engineering over the last 50+ years with the aim to (I) understand the technological challenges and evolution in the field, (II) investigate whether ocean engineering studies meet present global demands, (III) explore new scientific/engineering tools that may suggest pragmatic solutions to problems, and (IV) identify research and management gaps, and the way forward. Six major research divisions are identified, namely (I) Ocean Hydrodynamics, (II) Risk Assessment and Safety, (III) Ocean Climate and Geophysics: Data and Models, (IV) Control and Automation in the Ocean, (V) Structural Engineering and Manufacturing for the Ocean, and (VI) Ocean Renewable Energy. As much as practically possible research sub-divisions of the field are also identified. It is highlighted that research topics dealing with ocean renewable energy, control and path tracking of ships, as well as computational modelling of wave-induced motions are growing. Updating and forecasting energy resources, developing computational methods for wave generation, and introducing novel methods for the optimised control of energy converters are highlighted as the potential research opportunities. Ongoing studies follow the global needs for environmentally friendly renewable energies, though engineering-based studies often tend to overlook the longer-term potential influence of climate change. Development and exploitation of computational engineering methods with focus on continuum mechanics problems remain relevant. Notwithstanding this, machine learning methods are attracting the attention of researchers. Analysis of COVID-19 transmission onboard is rarely conducted, and 3D printing-based studies still need more attention from researchers.

Comprehensive Study for Breast Cancer Using Deep Learning and Traditional Machine Learning

Comprehensive Study for Breast Cancer Using Deep Learning and Traditional Machine Learning

Mysterious oil spill on the Brazilian coast – Part 2: A probabilistic approach to fill gaps of uncertainties

Over 5000 tons of spilled oil reached the northeast coast of Brazil in 2019. The Laboratory for Computational Methods in Engineering (LAMCE/COPPE/UFRJ) employed time-reverse modeling and identify multiple potential source areas. As time-reverse modeling has many uncertainties, this article carried out a methodology study to mitigate them. A probabilistic modeling using Monte Carlo approach was developed to test these source areas with the Spill, Transport, and Fate Model (STFM) and a scenario tree methodology was used to select possible spill scenarios. To estimate the performance of Lagrangian models, two new model performance evaluations were added to Chang and Hanna (2004). The combination of probabilistic simulations, scenario tree analysis, and model performance evaluation proved to be a powerful tool for mitigating the uncertainties of time-reverse modeling, yielding good results and simple implementation.

Work and Learning in Digital Environments: An Exploratory Qualitative Study of Continuing Professional Education in the Modern Engineering Workplace

This study describes the experiences of four engineers participating in a 7-week long, asynchronous online continuing professional education (CPE) course addressing computational engineering techniques. The online learning environment combined with the virtual nature of computational engineering methods presents a novel environment for these learners. Engineers’ beliefs about the role of CPE in engineering practice are explored by investigating how learners navigate a technically challenging asynchronous online course delivered to their workplace. The study uses a naturalistic inquiry design analyzing discussion post writings. Findings indicate that the learners recognized the need for professional development for practicing engineers in the area of computational engineering. The learners appreciated the flexibility of the online learning environment and the authentic learning experience provided with the project. They struggled to define the boundaries required to make time to meet the course requirements while maintaining work obligations. Program planners must remain sensitive to the fact that learners will often prioritize work commitments above learning despite the ability to integrate work and learning through novel course design. The blurring of the work-learning boundary presents challenges for learners and program providers, particularly with technically challenging material which requires significant effort from the learners to learn and apply to their work.

Special Issue on computational methods in engineering(CILAMCE 2018 – Paris/Compiegne)

This special issue contains selected papers first presented in a short format at the Congress CILAMCE 2018 (39th Ibero-Latin American Congress on Computational Methods in Engineering) held in Paris and in Compiegne, France, from 11 to 14 November 2018.

Computational modeling of epithelial wound healing: Short and long term chemo-mechanical mechanisms

During the lifetime of all living multicellular organisms, wounds in their tissues are frequently observed. The capability of closing those gaps is fundamental for a healthy development. If done deficiently, many diseases may occur from simple inflammation to tumor formation. The wound healing process in epithelial tissue occurs in three different stages. The first one is the assembly of a supra-cellular actomyosin cable and its migration towards the wound edge, triggered by biochemical processes in which calcium plays a distinctive role. How this process is orchestrated following damage remains unclear. Later, after its positioning, the cable contracts driving the tissue towards the gap and reducing the wound area. Finally, cell migration towards the interior of the wound ends up sealing the tissue. In this work, we make use of a mechanical continuum model for the first two stages in order to developed and 2D finite element simulations within a monolithically fully implicit implementation. The model for the actomyosin cable formation involves the coupling of transient calcium ions transport, with actin fibers and myosin motors recruitment and non-linear mechanical response of the tissue. The contraction stage, the active deformation of the previously formed actomyosin cable is taken into account. The relative motion of the myosin motors over the actin filaments is modeled so there exists an active tissue contraction in the direction of those fibers. Upon implementation, the model is capable of performing a wide range of biophysical situations reported experimentally, as we demonstrate in our numerical results. We have been able to rationalize through computational mechanics the firing of calcium in the wound right after damage infliction as well as the consequent formation of actin ring, reproducing nicely what has been reported in biological literature. Thereafter, the numerical model of acto-myosin contraction, fully integrated with the non-linear mechanics of the problem, correlates with the mechanics of wound closure at the actin-ring contraction stage. More importantly, the approach is the first of its kind in the modeling of epithelial and embryonic cell layers, where a wide number of complex mechanics has been integrated and solved though computational methods in engineering. We believe that the simulations will help to unravel new insights in open questions of developmental biology.

Special Issue on Computational Methods in Engineering (CILAMCE 2018 - Paris/Compiegne)

Abstract This special issue contains selected papers first presented in a short format at the Congress CILAMCE 2018 (39th Ibero-Latin American Congress on Computational Methods in Engineering) held in Paris and in Compiegne, France, from 11 to 14 November 2018.

Correction to: A Cross-Systematic Review of Addressing Risks in Building Information Modelling-Enabled International Construction Projects

In the paper (A Cross-Systematic Review of Addressing Risks in Building Information Modelling-Enabled International Construction Projects, Tsenguun Ganbat, Heap-Yih Chong, Pin-Chao Liao, Cen-Ying Lee) which appeared in “Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering”, the authors state that in the published Acknowledgements section one of the funding numbers is not correct. The corrected Acknowledgements section appears below.

Letter to the Editor: Discussion on the Paper \u201cState-of-the-Art of Research on Seismic Pounding Between Buildings with Aligned Slabs\u201d

The paper “State-of-the-art of research on seismic pounding between buildings with aligned slabs” (by Kharazian and Lopez-Almansa) has recently been published in the journal of Archives of Computational Methods in Engineering. It can be considered as a kind of continuation of previous ‘state-of-the-art’ publications, including two papers and a book. Unfortunately, the paper contains a number of misleading or wrong statements as well as mistakes. The aim of the present paper is to discuss the controversial statements and to correct the mistakes.

A novel blast-mitigation concept for light tactical vehicles

PurposeA new concept solution for improving blast survivability of the light tactical military vehicles is proposed and critically assessed using computational engineering methods and tools.Design/methodology/approachThe solution is inspired by the principle of operation of the rocket-engine nozzles, in general and the so called “pulse detonation” rocket engines, in particular, and is an extension of the recently introduced so-called “blast chimney” concept (essentially a vertical channel connecting the bottom and the roof and passing through the cabin of a light tactical vehicle). Relative to the blast-chimney concept, the new solution offers benefits since it does not compromise the cabin space or the ability of the vehicle occupants to scout the environment and, is not expected to, degrade the vehicle’s structural durability/reliability. The proposed concept utilizes side vent channels attached to the V-shaped vehicle underbody whose geometry is optimized with respect to the attainment of the maximum downward thrust on the vehicle. In the course of the channel design optimization, analytical and computational analyses of supersonic flow (analogous to the one often used in the case of the pulse detonation engine) are employed.FindingsThe preliminary results obtained reveal the beneficial effects of the side channels in reducing the blast momentum, although the extent of these effects is quite small (2-4 per cent).Originality/valueTo the authors’ knowledge, the present work is the first exploration of the side-vent-channels concept for mitigating the effect of buried-mine explosion on a light tactical vehicle.

In Memoriam: Dr. Clive L. Dym (1942–2016)

In Memoriam: Dr. Clive L. Dym (1942–2016)

Multi-length scale computational analysis of roller-bearing premature failure in horizontal-axis wind turbine gear boxes

Purpose– To make wind energy (one of the alternative-energy production technologies) economical, wind-turbines (convertors of wind energy into electrical energy) are required to operate, with only regular maintenance, for at least 20 years. However, some key wind-turbine components (especially the gear-box) often require significant repair or replacement after only three to five years in service. This causes an increase in both the wind-energy cost and the cost of ownership of the wind turbine. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– To overcome this problem, root causes of the gear-box premature failure are currently being investigated using mainly laboratory and field-test experimental approaches. As demonstrated in many industrial sectors (e.g. automotive, aerospace, etc.) advanced computational engineering methods and tools cannot only complement these experimental approaches but also provide additional insight into the problem at hand (and do so with a substantially shorter turn-around time). The present work demonstrates the use of a multi-length-scale computational approach which couples large-scale wind/rotor interactions with a gear-box dynamic response, enabling accurate determination of kinematics and kinetics within the gear-box bearings (the components most often responsible for the gear-box premature failure) and ultimately the structural response (including damage and failure) of the roller-bearing components (e.g. inner raceways).Findings– It has been demonstrated that through the application of this approach, one can predict the expected life of the most failure-prone horizontal axis wind turbine gear-box bearing elements.Originality/value– To the authors’ knowledge, the present work is the first multi-length-scale study of bearing failure in wind-turbines.

Computational Methods in Engineering: A Variety ofPrimal & Mixed Methods, with Global & LocalInterpolations, for Well-Posed or Ill-Posed BCs

Computational Methods in Engineering: A Variety ofPrimal & Mixed Methods, with Global & LocalInterpolations, for Well-Posed or Ill-Posed BCs

Fatigue-Life Computational Analysis for the Self-Expanding Endovascular Nitinol Stents

Self-expanding endovascular stents made of Nitinol (a Ni-Ti intermetallic compound possessing superelastic and shape-memory properties) are being widely used to treat a common circulatory problem in which narrowed arteries, primarily due to fatty deposits, hamper blood flow to the extremities (the problem commonly referred to as “peripheral artery disease”). The stents of this type unfortunately occasionally fail structurally (and, in turn, functionally) rendering the stenting procedure ineffective. The failure is most often attributed to the fatigue-induced damage since over its expected ten-year life span, the stent will normally experience 370-400 million pulsating-blood flow-induced loading cycles. Redesign/redevelopment of the stents using the conventional make-and-test approaches is quite expensive and time consuming and therefore is being increasingly complemented by computational engineering methods and tools. In the present study, advanced structural and fluid-structure interaction finite element computational methods are combined with the advanced fatigue-based durability analysis techniques to further enhance the use of the computational engineering analysis tools in the development of vascular stents with improved high-cycle fatigue life.

Preface for Special Issue of Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures

The Second International Symposium on Computational Mechanics (ISCM II) and the Twelfth International Conference on the Enhancement and Promotion of Computational Methods in Engineering and Science...

A tecnologia de realidade virtual como recurso para formação em saúde pública à distância: uma aplicação para a aprendizagem dos procedimentos antropométricos

This article presents the research developed in the Laboratory of Computational Methods in Engineering of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro in partnership with the Program of Distance Education of the National School of Public Health Sergio Arouca (ENSP), approaching the integration between Distance Education and Virtual Reality (VR) technology as reply to the public health educative demands that require the development of motor abilities. The application field was the formation of the professionals of the Food and Nutritional Surveillance, as is the base of one of the Brazilian public policies targeting the monitoring of lacks of nutrients. The prototype consists of a complementary virtual environment, supported in VR for the Monitoring of Food and Nutritional specialization course, that is part of the regulate courses of the Distance Education of ENSP approaching the anthropometric procedures for being the most used in the survey of the nutritional state of the population. A total of 189 participants visited the Virtual Environment and it could be evidenced that the VR can be used as a pedagogical resource to collaborate with the processes of professional distance education, that demand the development of motor abilities.

A mathematical model and a numerical model for hyperbolic mass transport in compressible flows

A number of contributions have been made during the last decades to model pure-diffusive transport problems by using the so-called hyperbolic diffusion equations. These equations are used for both mass and heat transport. The hyperbolic diffusion equations are obtained by substituting the classic constitutive equation (Fick’s and Fourier’s law, respectively), by a more general differential equation, due to Cattaneo (C R Acad Sci Ser I Math 247:431–433, 1958). In some applications the use of a parabolic model for diffusive processes is assumed to be accurate enough in spite of predicting an infinite speed of propagation (Cattaneo, C R Acad Sci Ser I Math 247:431–433, 1958). However, the use of a wave-like equation that predicts a finite velocity of propagation is necessary in many other calculations. The studies of heat or mass transport with finite velocity of propagation have been traditionally limited to pure-diffusive situations. However, the authors have recently proposed a generalization of Cattaneo’s law that can also be used in convective-diffusive problems (Gomez, Technical Report (in Spanish), University of A Coruna, 2003; Gomez et al., in An alternative formulation for the advective-diffusive transport problem. 7th Congress on computational methods in engineering. Lisbon, Portugal, 2004a; Gomez et al., in On the intrinsic instability of the advection–diffusion equation. Proc. of the 4th European congress on computational methods in applied sciences and engineering (CDROM). Jyvaskyla, Finland, 2004b) (see also Christov and Jordan, Phys Rev Lett 94:4301–4304, 2005). This constitutive equation has been applied to engineering problems in the context of mass transport within an incompressible fluid (Gomez et al., Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng, doi:10.1016/j.cma.2006.09.016, 2006). In this paper we extend the model to compressible flow problems. A discontinuous Galerkin method is also proposed to numerically solve the equations. Finally, we present some examples to test out the performance of the numerical and the mathematical model.

Second Asia-Pacific International Conference on Computational Methods in Engineering 2006 : ICOME 2006

Second Asia-Pacific International Conference on Computational Methods in Engineering 2006 : ICOME 2006

Editorial: Tissue Engineering: Perspectives, Challenges, and Future Directions

Editorial: Tissue Engineering: Perspectives, Challenges, and Future Directions