Comprehensive Intervention Group Research Articles

Promoting collective precycling behavior: results from a group intervention with Berlin households in Germany.

To tackle the global waste crisis, there is an urgent need for decisive and joint action at multiple levels. The collective behavior of a community could make a significant contribution. This paper presents the results of a field experiment designed to promote packaging waste prevention - called precycling - in a newly formed community setting, in Berlin, Germany. The aim was to examine the effect of the intervention on precycling and to examine the underlying social identity processes. Over a four-week period, 132 participants from 96 different households digitally received a combination of different interventions, that were theoretically informed by the Social Identity Model of Pro-Environmental Action (SIMPEA). Households were assigned to two intervention groups and a waiting control group. Data was collected before, immediately after and four months after the intervention to assess the impact of the intervention using multilevel models. After the intervention, the overall precycling behavior increased significantly, but not as a result of the different group conditions. In the more comprehensive intervention group, which included social interaction and behavioral experimentation, the community identification was strengthened and the reuse behavior, as a subset of precycling, increased. While a number of social identity processes (collective efficacy beliefs, having a precycling action goal, crisis appraisal, and sufficiency attitudes) were found to positively predict the precycling behavior, surprisingly, the predictive power of social norms and ingroup identification could not be confirmed. Overall, the presented community intervention promoted precycling. However, in this dynamic real-world setting, not all intervention elements worked as expected. The pitfalls and opportunities of this intervention are discussed, and ideas for translating the results into everyday precycling activities are presented.

Evaluation of visual perceptual training-assisted far-infrared nanomaterial-based eye relaxation system combined with chinese medicine therapy to control myopia in adolescents

This study investigated the efficacy of the far-infrared eye relaxation system assisted visual perceptual training (VPT) combined with auricular point sticking (APS) in myopia. Fifty-two adolescent myopic patients were randomly divided into the comprehensive intervention and control groups. The control group received optometry therapy, whereas the comprehensive treatment group received VPT combined with APS and supplemented with an eye relaxation system. The zinc oxide and silica nanoparticles used in the eye relaxation system could maintain good stability in acid and alkali, and had a considerable bactericidal effect. After treatment, patients in the comprehensive intervention group showed significant improvements in ocular accommodation, visual acuity, and diopter. Furthermore, the growth rate of the axial length and intraocular pressure were significantly controlled, while lens thickness decreased and eye fatigue improved. Thus, the combination of VPT and APS shows great potential in the myopia therapy.

Evaluation and Analysis of Elderly Mental Health Based on Artificial Intelligence.

The purpose is to understand the depression status of the elderly in the community, explore its influencing factors, formulate a comprehensive psychological intervention plan according to the influencing factors, implement demonstration psychological intervention, and evaluate and feedback the effect, so as to provide a reference for improving the mental health of the elderly. In order to make the output of different emotional data in LSTM more discriminative, a method to dynamically filter the output of LSTM is proposed. Combining the methods of Attention-LSTM, time-dimensional AI attention, and feature-dimensional AI attention, the best model in this paper is obtained. The multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the elderly aged 60 and above in a certain area, including the general demographic characteristics questionnaire of the elderly, the self-rating scale of mental health symptoms, and the health self-management ability of adults. All data were entered into a database using Excel software, and SPSS 19.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis. Results/Discussion. The detection rate of depression (GDS ≥ 11 points) among the elderly in a community in a certain area was 39.38%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that family history of mental illness, more negative life events, decreased ability of daily living, living alone, and suffering from physical diseases in the past six months were the risk factors for depression in the elderly. Community health education can partially alleviate depression in the elderly. The detection rate and degree of depression of the elderly in the comprehensive psychological intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).

School-Based Comprehensive Strength Training Interventions to Improve Muscular Fitness and Perceived Physical Competence in Chinese Male Adolescents.

Purpose This research was to see how effective and feasible school-based comprehensive strength training programs are in improving muscular fitness and perceived physical competence in Chinese male adolescents. Methods A total of 123 participants (13.46 ± 0.60 years) were randomized to comprehensive strength training intervention group (CST) (n = 62) and the control group (CON) (n = 61). The training sessions were performed three times a week for ten weeks in CST. Muscular fitness (i.e., muscular strength, power, and muscular endurance) and perceived physical competence were assessed at initial testing and final testing. ResultsThe subjects in the CST significantly improved their mean performance in standing long jump (p < 0.05), vertical jump (p < 0.05), 1 min push-ups (p < 0.05), 1 min sit-ups (p < 0.05), handgrip strength (p < 0.05), and perceived physical competence (p < 0.05) after the intervention. Moreover, the CST were greater in standing long jump (p < 0.05), vertical jump (p < 0.05), 1 min sit-ups (p < 0.05), handgrip strength (p < 0.05), and perceived physical competence (p < 0.05) compared to the CON, but no in 1 min push-ups (p > 0.05). Conclusions The comprehensive strength training interventions designed in this study can significantly increase male adolescents' muscular fitness, especially in the lower extremity muscle power and abdominal core endurance, and can enhance their perceived physical competence.

Effect of oral health promotion interventions on pregnant women dental caries: a field trial

BackgroundDental caries is a costly and very common disease, especially in pregnant women. Reasons such as not paying attention to oral health, poor diet and also lack of adequate education in this regard cause this to happen. Performing well-designed educational interventions using primary health system’s forces, can improve oral health of pregnant women and help control this disease. We conducted this study to evaluate the effectiveness of some oral health interventions on pregnant women dental caries.MethodsA field trial study was done in comprehensive Health Centers in Varamin, Tehran, Iran to assess 439 mothers’ dental health status from pregnancy up to 2 years after delivery in intervention (n = 239) and control groups (n = 200). Mothers in intervention groups received oral health-related education consisted of nutritional and behavioral messages via either of four methods: A: comprehensive method including all following methods together (n = 74), B: group discussion by dentists (n = 59), C: face to face education by primary health care providers (n = 53), and D: social network applications (n = 53); while those in control group only received routine maternal and oral health care. We used a questionnaire to collect mothers’ demographic, socioeconomic and dental care behavior data and also performed oral examinations to assess their DMFT at baseline and 24 months after delivery to evaluate the effectiveness of these educational oral health interventions.ResultsFrom 454 mothers participated the examination session, 18 pregnant women discontinued during the follow-ups and 439 were remained with mean age of 27.47. In the intervention group, the frequency of daily brushing among women increased from 64% at baseline to 85.6% at the last follow-up and the mean D significantly decreased nearly 1unit at same period (P < 0.05). Most and least dental caries changes were in comprehensive intervention group and social network intervention group compared to other intervention groups, respectively.ConclusionsPerforming educational interventions during and after pregnancy using various message delivery methods and messengers (oral health professionals and trained PHCPs), could improve oral health status and behaviors of pregnant and lactating mothers in a feasible and applicable manner.

Community-based interventions to reduce dental caries among 24-month old children: a pilot study of a field trial

BackgroundEarly childhood caries (ECC) is the most common dental disease among children worldwide, leading to many difficulties on child’s growth. As WHO mentioned, educational interventions in addition to interprofessional collaboration are needed to achieve proper ECC prevention. In present study we’ve aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of some oral health promotion interventions to reduce dental caries among 24-month old children.MethodsA field trial study was conducted amongst 439 mothers from pregnancy up to 24 months after delivery in Public Health Centers in Varamin, Tehran, Iran. Participants were allocated to intervention (n = 239) and control groups (n = 200). Demographic, socioeconomic status and dental care behavior data were collected using a questionnaire. The content of our study intervention consisted of nutritional and behavioral oral health-related messages. Mothers received messages via either of four methods (A: comprehensive method including all other methods together (n = 74), B: group discussion by dentists (n = 59), C: face to face education by primary health care providers (n = 53), and D: social network (n = 53). The control group received routine maternal and oral health care. To assess the effectiveness of interventions on promoting children’s oral health, the oral health-related behaviors data, the number of decayed teeth (d), and being caries free at the age of two were considered.ResultsAmong the 436 examined children, with a mean age of 23.7 months, 48.2% were male. The frequency of using finger toothbrush increased from 53.4% to 89.8% in all intervention groups. The mean (SD) of decayed teeth at 24 months in intervention and control group were 0.36 (0.93) and 1.61 (2.61), respectively. All the four intervention groups, except social network, had more chance of being caries free compared to control group (P value < 0.05). Analysis showed that children in comprehensive intervention group had a higher chance of being caries free compared to all other groups, after adjustment for covariates.ConclusionsPerforming oral health interventions could help the prevention of dental caries in newborn children. Also, using a combination of different methods of sending messages can have the best results in promoting oral health.

Effect of multidimensional lifestyle interventions on metabolic risk reduction in children: a cluster randomised controlled trial

Few clinical trials have investigated lifestyle intervention effect on metabolic health in children. The study aimed to examine the effect of diet and physical activity intervention on the reduction of clustered metabolic risk score (CMRS) in children and moderators and mediators of the intervention effect. A multicentre, clustered randomised controlled trial was conducted with examination conducted at baseline and after intervention over one year. 7110 children (49.7% girls) with a mean of 9.06 (95% CI: 9.03, 9.09) years were included in the analysis. In Beijing, each three schools were randomly assigned to diet-only, physical activity-only intervention and control groups. In five other urban cities, each 15 schools were randomly assigned to comprehensive intervention and control groups. CMRS was computed by summing the Z scores of % fat mass, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, ratio of cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride. Compared with controls (n = 2808), children in the comprehensive intervention group (n = 2848) had more reduction in CMRS (multivariate-adjusted mean difference (95% CI): −0.49 (−0.85, −0.14)). The body mass index (BMI) reduction explained 7.3% (95% CI 2.8%–18.1%) of the total intervention effect. The intervention was more effective in children with higher birthweight, lower parental BMI, or complete parental data. Diet-only or physical activity-only intervention had non-significant effects on CMRS reduction. Our multidimensional comprehensive intervention resulted in significant reduction in CMRS in primary school children and this effect was modified by birthweight, parental BMI, and parental involvement. A minority of metabolic risk reduction was mediated through BMI.Clinical Trial Registry number and website: ChiCTR-PRC-09000402, URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn

Evaluating the Effect of Comprehensive Intervention on Cerebro-Vascular Function in Population at High Risk of Stroke

Background: Today there exists few intervention researches on cerebro-vascular function in populations at high risk of stroke in China. Methods: Patients more than 40 years old, with at least 1 of stroke risk factors were recruited from outpatient department in 3 hospitals. A quasi-experimental design was performed by assigning participants into 3 groups: comprehensive intervention group, health education group, and control group. Participants in the control group received no intervention but were informed of risk factors of stroke. For health education group, a health education class was performed. Except to the health education program, participants in the comprehensive intervention group received an additional health life and behavior guidance. Results: After the intervention, the Cerebro-Vascular Function Scores (CVFS) had significant differences among 3 groups (F = 5.252, P < 0.05). There was a significant increase in CVFS compared to the control group (P = 0.003, 95%CI: 1.552-8.493). Significantly changes in obesity were observed in comprehensive intervention group before and after the intervention (χ2 = 9.0747, P = 0.0026). The results of logistic regression showed that comprehensive intervention group had a significant decrease in prevalence of obesity (OR = 0.482, 95% CI: 0.242-0.961) compared to the control group. Conclusion: Health education on stroke in a high-risk population combined with guidance on proper health life and behavior can be effective in preventing stroke.

NP18 The Impact of a Comprehensive Home Food Environment Intervention for College Freshmen Living in a Residence Hall

Objective While many interventions designed to increase fruit and vegetable (FV) intake focus on increasing knowledge and changing behaviors, improving the domains of the comprehensive home food environment (HFE) (Home Food Availability and Cues; College Students’ Food Practices; Social Support and Modeling) also appears to be an important target. Determine the impact of a comprehensive HFE intervention on the HFE and FV intake of college freshmen living in a residence hall participating in the Get FRUVED study. Description Baseline data were collected online during Fall 2016 from new freshmen (n = 149; 18 to 25 years) at the University of Florida. Participants were recruited through the Get FRUVED study and listservs, lived on campus, and stored food at their dorm. Eligible participants were randomized to one of the following groups: standard Get FRUVED group (GF) or Get FRUVED plus intense comprehensive HFE intervention group (GF+H). Surveys were completed again at post-intervention. Participants received $40 for completing both surveys. The intervention was based on Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). The comprehensive HFE intervention included a grocery shopping tour and ten nutrition education classes that included a brief nutrition lesson, a hands-on cooking class, and a dinner discussion. Participants completed the Comprehensive HFE Survey, Dietary Screener Questionnaire, and demographic questionnaire. Differences in HFE characteristics and FV intake between groups post-intervention were assessed using ANCOVA. Evaluation Seventy-five students completed pre- and post-surveys. While the HHS did not change FV intake, the intervention did result in more improved food preparation attitudes (under the HFE College Students’ Food Practices Domain) in the GF+H participants compared to GF participants at post. The lack of effect of the intervention was likely due to the poor attendance rate of the nutrition education classes. Conclusions and Implications Providing education on improving the comprehensive HFE may help improve certain HFE characteristics of freshmen residence halls. Research is needed to understand what motivates a student to choose to participate in campus-based nutrition education programs. Funding 2014-67001-21851.

Effect of health literacy and exercise-focused interventions on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes in China

Objective: To evaluate the effect of health literacy and exercise-focused interventions on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in China. Methods: In this cluster randomized controlled trial, a total of 799 T2DM patients with most recent hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 7.5% (or fasting plasma glucose level ≥10 mmol/L) were recruited from 8 communities in Minhang and Changning districts of Shanghai, and randomized into a health literacy intervention group, an exercise intervention group, a comprehensive intervention group and a control group. After baseline survey and examination, a one-year intervention and 3 times (at 3(rd), 6(th), and 12(th) month) follow-up surveys were conducted. Results: The follow-up rates for all the subjects were 99.4%, 98.4% and 95.2%, respectively, at 3(rd), 6(th) and 12(th) month. Patients in intervention groups were more likely to achieve a goal HbA1c level (HbA1c <7.0%) than those in control group, with the highest glycemic control rate (25.3%) observed in comprehensive intervention group at 3(rd) month and then in exercise intervention group (25.3% and 34.6%) respectively, at 6(th) month and 12(th) month. The average levels of HbA1c in three intervention groups were lower at each follow-up time point than those at baseline survey. However, the decreases in HbA1c were obvious only at 6(th) month (P<0.001), with ls-mean (95%CI) of -0.48% (-0.71%, -0.25%), -0.33% (-0.55%, -0.11%) and -0.70% (-0.92%, -0.48%), respectively, in comprehensive, health literacy and exercise intervention groups, but it increased slightly by 0.03% (-0.19%, 0.25%) in control group. Compared with control group, the interventions were significantly associated with the decrease of HbA1c level, with the most improvement observed in comprehensive group (β=-0.47, 95% CI: -0.73, -0.20) at 3(rd) month, and in exercise intervention group at 6(th) month (β=-0.73, 95%CI: -0.98, -0.47) and at 12(th) month (β=-0.75, 95%CI: -1.05, -0.45) of follow-up. Stratified analyses showed that patients with lower health literacy level could benefit from any intervention, while those with higher numeracy skill benefited more from exercise intervention. Conclusion: Both health literacy and exercise-focused interventions may decrease HbA1c level in patients with T2DM, which would be helpful in reducing the risks of complications and deaths in diabetes patients.

Effect of health literacy and exercise interventions on glycated haemoglobin levels in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes: a cluster-randomised controlled trial

BackgroundPatients with diabetes in China have low health literacy, which likely leads to poor glycaemic control and clinical outcomes. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of health literacy-focused and exercise-focused interventions on glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the population. MethodsIn this cluster-randomised controlled trial conducted from Feb 20, 2015, through April 30, 2017, in Shanghai, China, 799 patients aged 18 years or older with type 2 diabetes from 40 clusters of general practitioner teams were randomised into three intervention arms or a control arm in blocks of eight clusters. The control group received usual care, the health literacy group was supplemented with individualised low literacy communications delivered by trained health-care providers using an interactive diabetes education toolkit, and the exercise group had usual diabetes care but was also asked to walk 3–5 times a week, 30–40 min per day in the first 6 months and 60–70 min per day in the following 6 months. Patients in the comprehensive intervention group were given both the literacy and exercise interventions. Assessments were conducted upon enrolment and after 3, 6, and 12 months of intervention. The study analysed improvement in HbA1c at 12 months as a primary outcome. Ethics approval was obtained from the Medical Ethics Committee of Fudan University (IRB00002408 & FWA00002399, approval no 2013-06-0451). All participants provided written informed consent. This trial is registered with the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number Register (no ISRCTN76130594). FindingsComplete 12-month data were available for 761 (95%) patients, 192 in the control group, 188 in the health literacy group, 188 in the exercise group, and 193 in the comprehensive intervention group. Compared with the control group, the three intervention groups had decreased HbA1c levels and were more likely to achieve goal HbA1c levels (HbA1c ≤7·0%). After 3 months of intervention, the largest decrease was observed in the comprehensive intervention group, with an adjusted β of −0·47% (95% CI −0·73 to −0·20), followed by the health literacy group (−0·35%, −0·60 to −0·10) and exercise group (−0·32%, −0·57 to −0·06). At the 6-month and 12-month assessments, the effect of the exercise intervention increased, with an adjusted β of −0·73% (95% CI −0·98 to −0·47) and −0·75% (−1·05 to −0·45), respectively, while those for the health literacy group were −0·35% (−0·61 to −0·10) and −0·65% (−0·94 to −0·35), respectively. The decrease in HbA1c was more pronounced in patients with higher literacy or numeracy levels at baseline. InterpretationBoth health literacy-focused and exercise-focused interventions improved glycaemic control in Chinese patients with diabetes, particularly in patients with higher literacy or numeracy levels at baseline. Implementation of these approaches could be helpful at other public health clinics across China. FundingChina Medical Board (CMB) Open Competition Project (No. 13-159) and the Social Science Fund of China National Ministry of Education (No. 14YJAZH092).

Comprehensive school-based intervention to control overweight and obesity in China: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

With prevalence of childhood obesity increasing rapidly, developing of effective and sustainable intervention strategies is becoming more and more important for the prevention of childhood obesity in China. A trial was developed to evaluate the effect of comprehensive school-based intervention on childhood obesity. A multi-center cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted among urban children (n=9,867) aged 6-13 years in 38 primary schools from six large cities. Comprehensive intervention, nutrition education and physical activity interventions were carried out among children. Nutrition education was also targeted towards teachers, parents and health workers in intervention schools. The program was implemented for 2 semesters from May 2009 to May 2010. The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity increased by 1.5 percent (22.7% vs 24.2%, p<0.001) in control group while 0.2 percent in comprehensive intervention group (23.6% vs 23.8%, p=0.954) after intervention (p=0.067). The effect was significantly stronger among girls than boys (-1.4% vs -0.9%, p=0.028). A significant intervention effect was found on BMI for -0.3 kg/m2 (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.4, -0.2; p<0.001), BMI z scores for -0.14 (95% CI: -0.18, -0.11; p<0.001)，body fat for -0.8 percent (95% CI: -0.9, -0.6; p<0.001), waist circumference for -0.5 cm (95% CI: -0.6, -0.3; p<0.001), blood serum glucose for -0.20 mmol/L (95% CI: -0.24, -0.16; p<0.001) and cholesterol for -0.32 mmol/L (95% CI: -0.34, -0.30; p<0.001). We observed moderately significant effects on combined prevalence of overweight and obesity, BMI, BMI z scores, waist circumference, percentage body fat, glucose and lipid for a comprehensive school-based intervention of childhood obesity in China.

Clinical Decision Support and Palivizumab: A Means to Protect from Respiratory Syncytial Virus.

Palivizumab can reduce hospitalizations due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), but many eligible infants fail to receive the full 5-dose series. The efficacy of clinical decision support (CDS) in fostering palivizumab receipt has not been studied. We sought a comprehensive solution for identifying eligible patients and addressing barriers to palivizumab administration. We developed workflow and CDS tools targeting patient identification and palivizumab administration. We randomized 10 practices to receive palivizumab-focused CDS and 10 to receive comprehensive CDS for premature infants in a 3-year longitudinal cluster-randomized trial with 2 baseline and 1 intervention RSV seasons. There were 356 children eligible to receive palivizumab, with 194 in the palivizumab-focused group and 162 in the comprehensive CDS group. The proportion of doses administered to children in the palivizumab-focused intervention group increased from 68.4% and 65.5% in the two baseline seasons to 84.7% in the intervention season. In the comprehensive intervention group, proportions of doses administered declined during the baseline seasons (from 71.9% to 62.4%) with partial recovery to 67.9% during the intervention season. The palivizumab-focused group improved by 19.2 percentage points in the intervention season compared to the prior baseline season (p < 0.001), while the comprehensive intervention group only improved 5.5 percentage points (p = 0.288). The difference in change between study groups was significant (p = 0.05). Workflow and CDS tools integrated in an EHR may increase the administration of palivizumab. The support focused on palivizumab, rather than comprehensive intervention, was more effective at improving palivizumab administration.

Comparison on the efficacy of treatment of children with simple obesity by using comprehensive interventions based on psychotherapy and acupuncture

Objective To investigate the efficacy of treatment of children with simple obesity by using comprehensive interventions based on psychotherapy and acupuncture. Methods One hundred and fifty-six cases of simple obesity treated in pediatric clinic were randomly divided into comprehensive intervention group and acupuncture therapy group.Cases in comprehensive intervention group took comprehensive interventions based on psychotherapy, which was on the basis of conventional treatment.Cases in acupuncture therapy group took acupuncture treatment, which was on the basis of conventional treatment.Both groups of exiting cases were recorded.The serum leptin levels of the children between 2 groups were compared before and after treatment.The efficacy was determined based on the circumstances of quality change.The satisfaction of parents in the treatment process and the therapeutic effect were surveyed. Results The good compliance in the comprehensive intervention group was 91.0%, which was significantly higher than that in the acupuncture therapy group(79.5%, χ2=4.131, P=0.042). After 2 months treatment, the serum leptin levels of the male and female in comprehensive group were all lower than those in the acupuncture group(all P<0.05). The total efficiency of comprehensive intervention group was 91.5%, which was higher than that in the acupuncture therapy group(79.0%, χ2=4.235, P=0.040). The total satisfaction of parents in comprehensive intervention group was 94.4%, which was higher than that in the acupuncture therapy group(82.3%, χ2=4.849, P=0.028). Conclusions The therapeutic effect of comprehensive interventions based on psychotherapy for children with simple obesity is better.It helps to improve the compliance of children, and to improve the satisfaction of parents in the treatment process and therapeutic effect. Key words: Simple obesity; Psychotherapy; Comprehensive interventions; Acupuncture; Efficacy; Child

Effect of comprehensive psychological intervention on health behavior and negative emotions in retired people

Objective To investigate the awareness rate of health knowledge, health behavior formation rate and psychological state before and after retirement intervention, analyse comprehensive psychological intervention and general psychological intervention to health behavior formation and improve the negative emotion in retired population. Methods By using cohort study method, 206 retired people were randomly divided into comprehensive psychological intervention group (experimental group) and only given general psychological intervention group (control group), and each group included 103 cases. Comprehensive psychological intervention group were given health behavior and cognitive intervention, psychological intervention, psychological intervention in general family and social family care intervention, and the control group was given healthy behavior and cognitive intervention, psychological intervention. The staff were treated within 1 weeks of first assessment, 2 weeks after the second assessment, 4 weeks after the final.Health behavior was surveyed by Ministry of finance, the Ministry of health on public health subsidies special funds notice in city community health education pilot project in the questionnaire. Health status and quality of life were assessed with the family APGAR index (APGAR). Mental state evaluation and assessment of the treatment effect by using Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), MBI index method was assessed with activities of daily living. The effect of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention of health knowledge rate and formation rate of different intervention methods and psychological state of health behavior. Results The results showed that there were no significant differences between experimental group and control group in age, sex, level of education and other social, and there was no significant difference in HAMD, MBI and APGAR scores at baseline. Through the implementation of the comprehensive of psychological intervention, subjects have varying degrees of improving the awareness rate of health knowledge, and the intervention group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The two group of healthy behavior of subjects in the chopping board monitoring, physical fitness, blood pressure to separate raw and cooked on such projects had different degrees of improvement, at the same time, although no intervention, in the monitoring of blood pressure. The control group increased compared with the baseline significantly (P<0.05). Intervention group had significant difference in APGAR score increased (P<0.05). HAMD score and MBI score decreased and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.01), while the control group had no significant difference before and after intervention. Conclusion Comprehensive psychological intervention can significantly improve the rate of formation from the awareness rate of health knowledge and health behavior of retirees, and improve the state of negative emotions from retiree. Key words: Comprehensive psychological intervention; Retired population; Health behavior; Negative emotion; Cohort study

Evaluation of how different implementation strategies of an injury prevention programme (FIFA 11+) impact team adherence and injury risk in Canadian female youth football players: a cluster-randomised trial

BackgroundInjury prevention programme delivery on adherence and injury risk, specifically involving regular supervisions with coaches and players on programme execution on field, has not been examined.AimThe objective of this cluster-randomised...

Economic burden of disease studies in patients with epilepsy

To analyze the various factors affecting the economic burden of disease in patients with epilepsy. This research used a multi-stage random sampling method, comprehensive intervention and without intervention of the epilepsy project group conducted a field survey of health examination among patients with epilepsy of 874 (422 cases in intervention group and 452 cases in control group) in Mengzhou, Xiuwu, Yancheng, Yuanhui, Wuyang, Linying, Shaoling, Xinye and Fangcheng. DALY indicators combined with human capital approach was used to measure the economic burden of disease in patients from two aspects of the direct economic burden and indirect economic burden. The age of comprehensive intervention group was (43.7 ± 8.5) years old, and it was (44.4 ± 7.2) years old in no intervention control group. The age difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.365). The direct economic burden per capita of the survey was 1019.6 yuan per year, while epilepsy drugs 434.2 yuan per year, 485.2 and 66.4 yuan per year in the intervention group, while 1518.5 and 777.5 yuan per year in the control group. Each object in this study lost (16.67 ± 10.01) DALY, with 8.58 DALY in intervention group and 24.23 DALY in no intervention control group. The per capita indirect economic burden of the intervention and control groups were 68 115.2, 401 036.5 yuan, the per capita total economic burden of disease were 68 600.5, 408 755.0 yuan. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that disease duration year of ≥ 37, 30 - 36, 20 - 29, 10 - 19, OR (95%CI) were 4.44 (2.37 - 8.33), 3.32 (1.85 - 5.94), 3.25 (1.90 - 5.56), 2.53 (1.46 - 4.41). If patients with longer duration, the more serious the patient's disease burden. Medication compliance (in order to comply with a good group control) OR (95%CI) was 3.37 (2.34 - 4.83), medication in the single form (serving multi-drug groups for control) OR (95%CI) 0.41 (0.29 - 0.59). Serving a single agent and good compliance of economic burden of disease were lighter. Epilepsy caused serious economic damage. Longer duration, medication adherence poor and serving more than medicine by heavier economic burden of disease; comprehensive intervention could reduce the economic burden of disease of patients with epilepsy.

Effect of a school‐based oral health‐education program on Iranian children: results from a group randomized trial

Parents and school staff play important roles in promoting children's oral health. Our study goals were to investigate whether an intervention targeting parents and school staff can improve the oral-health behavior and oral-health status of schoolchildren. Three-hundred and ninety-two schoolchildren in six schools in Tehran participated in a group randomized trial from September 2010 to March 2011. Schools were randomly allocated into three groups: comprehensive, student, and control. Intervention in the comprehensive group consisted of strategies to encourage children, their parents, and school staff to increase the frequency of toothbrushing and flossing. In the student group, the intervention targeted only children. The control group received no intervention. The primary outcome was change in oral-health behaviors (brushing and flossing), while the secondary outcomes were changes in oral hygiene and Community Periodontal indices and in Health Belief Model components. Multilevel modeling was employed for data analyses. Students who were in the comprehensive intervention group brushed and flossed significantly more frequently compared with those in the student intervention group. Although students' gingival health improved significantly in the comprehensive intervention group, such significant improvement was not seen in the student group. In conclusion, promising results are seen when the oral-health education targets both school and home settings.

The role of transitions to new age groups in the development of institutionalized children.

Children in two institutions in St. Petersburg (Russian Federation) experienced ward transitions, one in which caregivers were trained to provide sensitive, responsive caregiving and one that conducted business as usual. A third institution eliminated transitions, received the same training, and implemented a variety of structural and employment changes designed to promote improved caregiver-child interactions and relationships. While the no-transition comprehensive intervention group of children steadily improved in Battelle Developmental Inventory (LINC Associates, 1988) scores across all age intervals, the children in the institution who encouraged some positive caregiver-child interactions improved before and after, but not during, an age period that involved a transition. In contrast, the no-treatment group displayed no developmental changes across any age period with or without a transition. These results suggest that the common institutional practice of ward transitions to new peers and caregivers is potentially disruptive to infants' and toddlers' general development, but primarily in a context in which some degree of caregiver-child sensitive and responsive interactions are encouraged.

Screening and Brief Intervention for Risky Alcohol Consumption in the Workplace: Results of a 1-Year Randomized Controlled Study

To assess the effectiveness of brief alcohol intervention on hazardous and harmful drinking in the 12-month period after a voluntary alcohol screening. At a large transport company, employees presenting to the occupational health services for a routine health and lifestyle check-up were offered to undertake an alcohol screening by means of self-report (the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-AUDIT) and a biomarker (carbohydrate-deficient transferrin in serum-CDT). Those screening positive for the AUDIT and/or CDT were randomized to a brief or comprehensive intervention group or to a control group. An identical follow-up session was performed 12 months later. Of 990 employees (68% men) that volunteered for the alcohol screening, 194 (20%) tested positive for the AUDIT and/or CDT. Among the 158 (81%) subjects who also attended the follow-up session, the frequency of positive screening results at baseline/follow-up were 51%/23% for the AUDIT (P < 0.0001) and 58%/34% (P < 0.0001) for CDT. However, there were no significant differences between the brief and comprehensive intervention groups or between the intervention groups and the control group. The results suggested that alcohol screening and brief intervention performed in connection with routine health and lifestyle examinations in the workplace may be effective in reducing alcohol consumption. Given the lack of difference in outcome between the intervention groups and the control group, alcohol screening may in itself cause reduction in drinking. In addition, at least some of the positive effect may be explained by regression towards the mean.