Compounds In Methanolic Extract Research Articles

Chemical Composition and Antioxidants of Senecio vulgaris (Asteraceae)

The study included the antioxidant and chemical compounds of methanolic extract of Senecio vulgaris in Iraq. S. vulgaris has a rich history in traditional medicine for treating different health problems. The results gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) chromatogram of S. vulgaris extract showed 19 peaks, which indicates the presence of 19 compounds (phytochemical constituents). Most of the chemical components extracted from S. vulgaris include oleic acid (40.46%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (23.40%), 5,9-dimethyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-1-cyclodecanone (6.52%), octadecanoic acid (3.57%) and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester (3.27%). The antioxidant activity of overall methanol extract contents of S. vulgaris was determined by adding different concentrations of methanol extract to 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyle (DPPH). The inhibitory activity was evaluated by using five different concentrations of methanol extract of S. vulgaris. The results showed that the antioxidant activity in concentration 3 μL/mL was 41.23%, while the highest antioxidant activity was 98.33% in 25 μL/mL compared with vitamin C, which was 16% in 3 μL/mL and recorded 91.97% in 25 μL/mL. The total antioxidant capacity of S. vulgaris methanol extract was evaluated as vitamin C equivalents per gram. The DPPH radical scavenging potency with a minimum IC50 value in S. vulgaris was 5.64 μL/mL, while vitamin C was 3.09.

Chemical Composition and Antioxidants of Senecio vulgaris (Asteraceae)

The study included the antioxidant and chemical compounds of methanolic extract of Senecio vulgaris in Iraq. S. vulgaris has a rich history in traditional medicine for treating different health problems. The results gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) chromatogram of S. vulgaris extract showed 19 peaks, which indicates the presence of 19 compounds (phytochemical constituents). Most of the chemical components extracted from S. vulgaris include oleic acid (40.46%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (23.40%), 5,9-dimethyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-1-cyclodecanone (6.52%), octadecanoic acid (3.57%) and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester (3.27%). The antioxidant activity of overall methanol extract contents of S. vulgaris was determined by adding different concentrations of methanol extract to 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyle (DPPH). The inhibitory activity was evaluated by using five different concentrations of methanol extract of S. vulgaris. The results showed that the antioxidant activity in concentration 3 μL/mL was 41.23%, while the highest antioxidant activity was 98.33% in 25 μL/mL compared with vitamin C, which was 16% in 3 μL/mL and recorded 91.97% in 25 μL/mL. The total antioxidant capacity of S. vulgaris methanol extract was evaluated as vitamin C equivalents per gram. The DPPH radical scavenging potency with a minimum IC50 value in S. vulgaris was 5.64 μL/mL, while vitamin C was 3.09.

GC-MS analysis and anti-oxidant activity of bioactive compounds of Simarouba glauca leaf extracts

The aim of this study is to analyse the phytochemical composition, anti-oxidant activity, FT-IR and GC-MS analysis of Simarouba glauca leaf extracts. The chloroform extract exhibited highest T.P.C. (139.82 ± 0.06 mg/g GAE) and highest T.F.C. (41.95 ± 0.50 mg/g QE). The GC-MS analysis confirmed the presence of ten compounds in acetone extract and twenty-two compounds in methanol extract. The GC-MS analysis of acetone fraction showed the major peaks such as Glycerine (13.20%), 1,1,1-trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol (8.92%), Cyclohexanol,2-methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)- (6.09%), Tetradecane, 2,6,10-trimethyl (7.68%) and Phytol (7.53%). Some of these compounds exhibit anti-oxidant activities. GC-MS analysis of methanol fraction exhibited the presence of following compounds: Undecane (8.52%), 2,3-Trimethylene-4-pyrone (1.79%), cis-Sinapyl alcohol (2.33%) and Umckalin (1.19%). The acetone and methanol fractions exhibited higher percentage of inhibition in DPPH assay. The overall results of this study indicate that the acetone and methanol fractions have been demonstrated to be efficacious against various diseases.

Elytrigia Repens Extracts Control Urban Mosquito Vectors with a Larvicidal Potential

There is over 17% of global illnesses due to Vector-borne diseases and more than a million fatalities annually found as a significant public health challenge globally. Traditional methods of mosquito control are relied heavily on chemical insecticides, and led to ecological disruptions, pesticide resistance, and adverse effects on human health and the environment. Consequently, there is a persistent need for alternative and eco-friendly strategies mosquito control. Method: In this study, we investigated the efficacy of extracts from Eragrostis repens (E. repens) against the larvae of Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus. Plant extracts were prepared using different solvents, and their phytochemical profiles were analyzed. The larvicidal activity of these extracts was evaluated through susceptibility tests over a 24-hour period. Results: Methanol extracts exhibited significant larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles stephensi, and Culex quinquefasciatus, with LC50 values ranging from 43,173 ppm to 58,234 ppm. GC-MS analysis identified 11 bioactive compounds in methanol extracts, highlighting their potential insecticidal activity. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that E. repens holds promise as a natural larvicide against mosquito vectors. The study highlights the importance of exploring botanical alternatives for mosquito control, offering a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to combatting mosquito-borne diseases.

GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds in Methanolic Extracts of Stem and Seed Samples of Distimake spp.

GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Compounds in Methanolic Extracts of Stem and Seed Samples of Distimake spp.

Isolation and structure elucidation of the compounds from Teucrium hyrcanicum L. and the investigation of cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, and protective effect on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress

BackgroundTeucrium hyrcanicum L. (family Lamiaceae) is widely distributed in the North and Northwest of Iran. It has been used in the form of tea, tonic, and tincture for the treatment of various diseases such as cough, rheumatism, and fever.MethodsIn this study, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of methanol extract and different fractions of T. hyrcanicum were measured. Furthermore, the potential ability of T. hyrcanicum to protect against H2O2-induced oxidative stress was tested on the NIH3T3 cell line. Then, the isolation and structure elucidation of the compounds were performed on the most potent fractions. Finally, the quantification of isolated compounds in methanol extract (ME) was done by the HPLC method. Isolated phytochemicals were assessed for the cytotoxic and antioxidant activities.ResultsThe results indicated that the methanol fraction (MF) had the highest amount of phenolic and flavonoid contents (69.36 mg GAE/g extract and 68.95 mg QE/g extract). The highest radical scavenging activities were observed from MF and ME (IC50 44.32 and 61.12 μg.ml−1, respectively). The best cytotoxicity was obtained by ethyl acetate fraction (EF) against A431 and MCF7 cell lines (IC50 values of 235.4and 326.6 μg.ml−1, respectively). The pretreatment with MF exerts the highest reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) formation (IC50 2.51 μM, p < 0.001) compared to the H2O2 group (5.77 μM). Also, MF significantly inhibited H2O2-induced Glutathione (GSH) oxidation (p < 0.001). Furthermore, two phenolic compounds, acteoside and quercetin, were isolated and identified in MF and EF, respectively. The IC50 values of acteoside and quercetin in the DPPH assay were 7.19 and 5.56 µg.ml−1, respectively. Both quercetin and acteoside significantly reduced the MDA formation and inhibited GSH oxidation, which was comparable with BHA (as a standard antioxidant) (p < 0.05). Acteoside demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against all tested cell lines (IC50 = 32 to 145 μg.ml−1). The HPLC quantification of isolated compounds revealed that the quantity of acteoside and quercetin in ME were 93.31 and 16.87 μg.mg−1, respectively.ConclusionThe isolated compounds (quercetin and acteoside) had significant antioxidant activities and revealed a protective effect on H2O2-induced oxidative stress which was comparable with BHA.

In vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic, and in silico docking studies on diabetic wound healing potential of identified compounds of methanolic extract of marine sponge, Agelas clathrodes (Schmidt, 1870) by GC-MS and LC-MS analysis

In vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic, and in silico docking studies on diabetic wound healing potential of identified compounds of methanolic extract of marine sponge, Agelas clathrodes (Schmidt, 1870) by GC-MS and LC-MS analysis

Use of gamma radiation for the antioxidant improvement of saffron [Crocus sativus] petal extract

Abstract This in vitro study was conducted to evaluate the impact of gamma-irradiation on the antioxidant activity of the methanolic extracts of Crocus sativus petals. After gamma-irradiation at 5, 10, and 35 kGy doses, Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride colorimetric methods, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques were deployed to analyze the irradiated and non-irradiated extracts. The obtained results were indicative of boosted levels of phenolic and total flavonoids compounds in methanolic extracts irradiated at 5 and 10 kGy. Results of the HPLC method also revealed that gamma-irradiation, especially at 5 kGy, could increase the quantity of certain polyphenols, including chlorogenic acid, epicatechin caffeic acid, and thioxanthene, in the saffron extract. In contrast, gamma-irradiation at 35 kGy exerted certain adverse effects on polyphenols contents. In conclusion, gamma-irradiation, especially at 5 kGy, could enhance the antioxidant potential of the methanolic extract of saffron petals.

Mentha longifolia L. Inhibits Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis via Caspase Regulation

Naturopathy or herbal medicine has been widely used as an alternative treatment for several illnesses, such as cancer, as they are generally acknowledged as a treatment with lesser side effects. This research evaluated the bioactive compounds profiling, antioxidant, and anticancer potential in Mentha longifolia L. (essential oil and extract), using different solvent polarities (hexane, methanol, and diethyl ether). Meanwhile, the caspase 3 gene expression and cell cycle status of methanolic extract were determined in colorectal cancer cells (Caco-2 and SW48). The overall findings showed that methanolic extraction exhibited the highest total phenolic and flavonoid with respective values of 59.25 mg GAE (Gallic acid) eq./g DW (dry weight) and 20.02 mg RE (Rutin) eq./g DW, respectively, compared to hexane and diethyl ether. Furthermore, piperitenone oxid and piperitonone were found to be the dominant volatile compounds in methanolic extracts and essential oils. Additionally, the methanolic extract possesses higher antioxidant and anticancer activities. The molecular analysis indicated that methanolic extract up-regulated the expression of caspase 3 and increased the SubG1 (method to detecting cell death) peaks in treated Caco-2 and SW48 cell lines. To conclude, M. longifolia L. could serve as an effective therapeutic agent and a remedy for several illnesses, such as cancer caused by oxidative stress.

LC-MS/MS Analysis and Biological Activities of Methanol Extract from Sagina apetala Ard.

This is the first study on the investigation of phenolic compounds of methanol extract (ME) of Sagina apetala and examination of its cell-based antioxidant and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The determination of phenolic compounds of ME was performed by LC-MS/MS and 25 main compounds were identified. For the cell-based antioxidant activity of ME, Vero cell line (Cercopithecus aethiops kidney epithelial, Monolayer) was used as the model cell line and ME was showed 61.22% cell viability. ME, also showed insignificant antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In conclusion, this study in the species provides the basic data for future studies for the species.

Studies on Phytochemistry and Wound Healing Activity ofLeaf Extract Ointment of Clerodendrum infortunatum inCanines

The present study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of ointments containing leaf extract of Clerodendrum infortunatum for treating wounds in canines in field cases. The 50% ethanolic and methanolic extract of the plant was subjected to preliminary phytochemistry and GC-MS analysis to assess the presence of active phytoconstituents. The wound healing was assessed with percent wound contraction on 0, 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th, and 20th day and epithelization period in 30 canines presented with a history of wound at VCC, private clinics, and dog shelters run by NGOs. The 10% w/w ointment of both the extract was used and it was compared with commercially available Povidone Iodine ointment USP 5% (Betadine®). The preliminary phytochemical analysis of the extracts showed the presence of glycosides, alkaloids, carbohydrates, amino acids, phytosterol, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids. Whereas, GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 21 compounds in ethanolic extract and 24 compounds in methanolic extract. The wound contraction in the methanolic extract ointment treated group was most significant and also demonstrated an epithelization period of 17.5 ± 1.210 days as compared to 22.8 ± 0.525 and 20.9 ± 0.669 in Povidone Iodine ointment and ethanolic extract ointment treated groups, respectively. The finding of the study suggests that the ointment made from the extract of Clerodenrum infortunatum leaves possesses promising wound healing activity.

Effect of drying methods on functional compounds in methanol extracts of Centella asiatica

Effect of drying methods on functional compounds in methanol extracts of Centella asiatica

Identification of Bioactive Compounds in Methanolic Extracts of Some Selected Plants by Infrared Spectroscopy

Identification of Bioactive Compounds in Methanolic Extracts of Some Selected Plants by Infrared Spectroscopy

Development of the Obesity Nutraceutical from Raja and Kepok Banana Peels

Patients with obesity often fail to control their body weight through diet and physical activity, while the existing anti-obesity drugs have some side effects for long-term use. Banana is Indonesia's tropical fruits with the highest production, and the banana peel has become soil waste. This study aimed to analyze nutrients and active compounds of methanol extracts of raja and kepok banana peels (ERP and EKP respectively). Macro and micro-nutrient compositions of the ERP and EKP were determined using the proximate analysis, while Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was used to detect the ERP and EKP active compounds. The ERP contained 0.11% crude fibers, 4.44% fat, and 58.08% carbohydrates, different from the EKP (4.25% protein, 20.95% water, and 14.45% minerals). By contrast, both the ERP and EKP contained flavonoids, phenols, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins. In conclusion, ERP is potentially developed as a nutraceutical for obesity treatment in the future. Further study is needed to measure specific fat levels and to analyze specific active compounds in the ERP which can modulate gene expression and interact with protein targets in lipid metabolism.

Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Some Biochemical Components of Seed Extracts and Microbial Load of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Seeds*

The work was carried out to study the effects of gammairradiation on microbial load and the content of some biochemicalconstituents of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) seeds. It wasconducted at the Department of Botany and Agricultural Biotechnology,Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum and Institute of Botany,Technische Universität Dresden. Seeds were treated with gammairradiation at the doses of 5, 10 and 15 kGy. Bacterial load was reducedfrom 1.44 x 106 , in untreated seeds, to 1.5 x 104 , 9.0 x 103 and 5.0 x 102cfu/g, in seeds treated with5, 10 and 15 kGy, respectively. The stability ofglycosides, phenols and tannins constituents of treated seeds wasevaluated using thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performanceliquid chromatography (HPLC). The results of TLC analysis revealed thatapplication of 15 kGy doses of gamma radiation to fenugreek seedsmethanol-extract had no effect on glycosides patterns, and slightreduction in total phenol and increase in tannins content were observed.Analysis of methanol extractable compounds by HPLC revealedvariations in the metabolite profile at different wavelengths afterirradiation. While the content of several compounds increased slightlyafter gamma irradiation that of some decreased and some constituentsshowed no change. Accordingly, there were no major differences inchemical constituents between the irradiated and un-irradiated samples.

HPLC analysis, Phytochemical Content, and Biological Effects of Centaurea kilae Against Some Metabolic Enzymes: In Vitro and In Silico Studies

AbstractThe aim of this work was to quantify and identify the phenolic composition of Centaurea kilae Bosse and record the anti‐alzheimer, anti‐urease, anti‐lipase, antidiabetic, anti‐melanogenesis, and antibacterial properties. IC50 values for enzymes were obtained between 0.370–180.1 μg/mL and this plant inhibited HMG_CoA R and urease enzymes more with IC50 values of 0.370 and 39.09 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, molecular docking calculations were done subsequently, using targets, HMGCoA_R, glucosidase, amylase, and lipase to detect the structural necessity in activity for the phenolic compounds of Centaurea kilae plant. Chemical compounds of methanolic extracts of Centaurea kilae determined in this work. Finally, antibacterial and antifungal effects of this plant investigated.

In Vitro α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Green Seaweed Halimeda tuna Extract from the Coast of Lhok Bubon, Aceh.

Seaweed belongs to marine biota and contains nutrients and secondary metabolites beneficial for health. This study aimed to determine the antidiabetic activity of extracts and fractions of green seaweed Halimeda tuna. The H. tuna sample was extracted with the maceration method using methanol and then partitioned using ethyl acetate and water to obtain ethyl acetate and water fractions. The methanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and water fraction of H. tuna were tested for their inhibitory activity against α-amilase and α-glucosidase. The methanol extract and the fractions with the highest inhibitory activity were phytochemically tested and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50 = 0.88 ± 0.20 mg/mL) inhibited α-amylase relatively similar to acarbose (IC50 = 0.76 ± 0.04 mg/mL). The methanol extract (IC50 = 0.05 ± 0.01 mg/mL) and the ethyl acetate fraction (IC50 = 0.01 ± 0.00 mg/mL) demonstrated stronger inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase than acarbose (IC50 = 0.27 ± 0.13 mg/mL). Phytochemical testing showed that the methanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction contained secondary metabolites: alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and phenol hydroquinone. The compounds in methanol extract predicted to have inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase were Docosanol, Neophytadiene, Stigmasta-7,22-dien-3-ol,acetate,(3.beta.,5.alpha.,22E), Octadecanoic acid,2-oxo-,methyl ester, and phytol, while those in the ethyl acetate fraction were n-Nonadecane, Phytol, Butyl ester, 14-.Beta.-H-pregna, Octadecenoic acid, and Oleic acid.

Elucidation of Bioactive Compounds in Methanol Extract of Mitracarpus Vilosus Leaf using GC-MS analysis

Mitracarpus vilosus is widely used among the indegenes of Ibeju-Lekki area of Lagos State for the treatment of skin lesions. This study elucidated the phytochemical constituents in 80% methanolic leaf extract of Mitracarpus vilosus. Phytochemical screening and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses were carried out on the leaf extract. The qualitative analyses showed the presence of the following phytochemicals, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, cardiac glycosides and steroids. The phytochemical screen did not reveal any flavonoids. However, Squalene 14.27%, n-Hexadecanoic acid 11.60%, 2-Octylcyclopropene-1-heptanol 8.43%, Octadecanoic acid 5.45%, 1,4-Naphthalenedione 3.19% were the first five major bioactive compounds revealed by GC-MS in the leaf extract. The results of this study validated the bioactive constituents in Mitracarpus vilosus which may be the justification for its use for the treatment of skin lesions and other ailments. DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/12-14-04 Publication date: July 31 st 2022

Identifikasi Senyawa Fitokimia dari Daun Mangrove Sonneratia alba dan Analisis In Silico Sebagai Antidiabetes

Mangrove plant, Sonneratia alba, can be found abundantly in Indonesia. Some previous studies reported phytochemical screening and bioactivity test of Sonneratia sp. as anti-diabetic (in vitro and in vivo analysis). However, phytochemical identification of S. alba leaves and inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase as anti-diabetic have not been reported. The purpose of this study are to identify phytochemical compounds of methanolic extracts S. alba leaves, and to predict inhibitory mechanisms of S. alba leaves against α-glucosidase through in silico analysis. In this study, the research method consists of two steps namely identification phytochemical compounds of methanolic extracts S. alba leaves, and prediction inhibitory activities of phytochemical compounds of methanolic extracts S. alba leaves against α-glucosidase by molecular docking (in silico) analysis. Methanolic extracts S. alba leaves contained orientin, vitexin, luteolin, oleanolic acid and reserpine. Reserpine was identified for the first time in S. alba leaves. Based on in silico analysis, binding energy of orientin, vitexin, luteolin, oleanolic acid, reserpine and acarbose (positive control) against α-glucosidase were -9,7; -9,7; -9,2; -8,6; -10,0 dan -8,3 kcal/mol. This result indicated that compounds inhibited α-glucosidase activities and can be considered as antidiabetic agent.

GC-MS analysis of bioactive compounds in methanolic extract of bhat (Clerodendrum viscosum) leaves in Bangladesh

Clerodendrum viscosum (local name bhat), a medicinal plant, is widely found in Bangladesh and India. This species is enriched with various medicinal compounds reported in previous studies. However, there is a scarcity of information about the bioactive compounds of this plant on GC-MS analysis in Bangladesh. For instance, this study aims to determine the bioactive […]