Compounds 5s Research Articles

Exhaustive computational studies on pyrimidine derivatives as GPR119 agonist for the development of compounds against NIDDM

BackgroundType-2 Diabetes (T2DM) is a long-term medical disorder characterized by Insulin deficiency and high blood glucose levels. Among other medications to cure T2DM, the review of the literature found that various Pyrimidine derivatives act as an agonist for G-protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) was proposed to control blood glucose levels by enhancing the function of pancreatic Beta-cells and its mechanism of action with fewer adverse effects. In the present research work, In-silico investigations were carried out to investigate the potential of the Pyrimidine analog as an agonist to the protein target GPR119 receptor. We performed exhaustive molecular modeling and protein modeling methodologies such as homology modeling, and molecular docking along with various drug designing tools such as 3D-QSAR and Pharmacophore Mapping to ascertain the design of better GPR119 agonists.ResultsBased on in-depth computational studies, we designed new pyrimidine moiety and analyzed them for GPR119 receptor agonist and further explored the ADMET properties. Designed compounds were found to exhibit better-predicted activities as compared to reference compound.ConclusionsThe current research on pyrimidine derivatives, using molecular docking, 3D-QSAR and Pharmacophore mapping demonstrated that the obtained computational model has significant properties and the designed molecules and Dataset from this model, produced antidiabetic compound against the target GPR119 i.e., compound 1S, 1Z and 1D with the docking score of − 11.696, − 9.314 and − 8.721, respectively. The pharmacokinetics and drug-likeness studies revealed that these compounds may be the future candidates for the treatment of diabetes acting via the GPR119 agonist mechanism.

Design and discovery of urease and Helicobacter pylori inhibitors based on benzofuran/benzothiophene-sulfonate and sulfamate scaffolds for the treatment of ureolytic bacterial infections

A series of sulfonate and sulfamate derivatives bearing benzofuran or benzothiophene scaffold exhibited potent inhibitory effect on urease enzyme. Most of the derivatives exhibited significantly higher potency than thiourea, the standard inhibitor. Compound 1s was identified as the most potent urease inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.42 ± 0.08 μM, which is 53-fold more potent than thiourea, positive control (IC50 = 22.3 ± 0.031 μM). The docking results further revealed the binding interactions towards the urease active site. Phenotypic screening revealed that compounds 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1j, 1n, and 1t exhibit high potency against H. pylori with MIC values ranging from 0.00625 to 0.05 mM and IC50 values ranging from 0.0031 to 0.0095 mM, much more potent than the positive control, acetohydroxamic acid (MIC and IC50 values were 12.5 and 7.38 mM, respectively). Additional studies were performed to investigate the toxicity of these compounds against the gastric epithelial cell line (AGS) and their selectivity profile against E. coli, and five Lactobacillus species representative of the gut microflora. Permeability characteristics of the most promising derivatives were investigated in Caco-2 cell line. The results indicate that the compounds could be targeted in the GIT only without systemic side effects.

Design, Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, and Molecular Docking Studies of Novel Chiral Isoxazoline-Benzofuran-Sulfonamide Derivatives.

Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is one of the most important molecular targets for the development of novel fungicides. With the emerging problem of resistance in plant fungal pathogens, novel compounds with high fungicidal activity need to be developed, but the study of chiral pesticides for the inhibition of highly destructive plant pathogens has been rarely reported in recent years. Therefore, a series of novel chiral isoxazoline-benzofuran-sulfonamide derivatives were designed to investigate potential novel antifungal molecules. The chiral target compound 3a was cultured as a single crystal and confirmed using X-ray diffraction. All the target compounds were tested for antifungal activity, and compounds 3c, 3i, 3s, and 3r were found to have significant antifungal effects against S. sclerotiorum with EC50 values of 0.42 mg/L, 0.33 mg/L, 0.37 mg/L, and 0.40 mg/L, respectively, which were superior to the commercial fungicide fluopyram (EC50 = 0.47 mg/L). The IC50 value of compound 3i against the SDH of S. sclerotiorum was 0.63 mg/mL, which was further demonstrated by enzyme activity assays. Scanning electron microscopy showed that 3i had a significant inhibitory effect on S. sclerotiorum. In addition, the fluorescence quenching analysis assay indicated that compound 3i had a similar effect with the positive control fluopyram. Molecular docking exhibited that target compounds with chiral configuration had better affinity than racemic configuration, and 3i possessed stronger action than fluopyram, which was in keeping with the in vitro test results. These results would provide a basis and reference for the development of novel chiral fungicides.

Design and Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Pyranone Fused Indole Derivatives with Antibacterial Activities against Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae for Protection of Rice.

A new class of chiral pyranone fused indole derivatives were prepared by means of N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) organocatalysis and demonstrated notable antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae (Xoo). Bioassays showed that compounds (3S,4R)-5b, (3S,4R)-5d, and (3S,4R)-5l exhibited promising in vitro efficacy against Xoo, with EC50 values of 9.05, 9.71, and 5.84 mg/L, respectively, which were superior to that of the positive controls with commercial antibacterial agents, bismerthiazol (BT, EC50 = 27.8 mg/L) and thiodiazole copper (TC, EC50 = 70.1 mg/L). Furthermore, single enantiomer (3S,4R)-5l was identified as an optimal structure displaying 55.3% and 52.0% curative and protective activities against Xoo in vivo tests at a concentration of 200 mg/L, which slightly surpassed the positive control with TC (curative and protective activities of 47.2% and 48.8%, respectively). Mechanistic studies through molecular docking analysis revealed preliminary insights into the distinct anti-Xoo activity of the two single enantiomers (3S,4R)-5l and (3R,4S)-5l, wherein the (3S,4R)-configured stereoisomer could form a more stable interaction with XooDHPS (dihydropteroate synthase). These findings underscore the significant anti-Xoo potential of these chiral pyranone fused indole derivatives, and shall inspire further exploration as promising lead structures for a novel class of bactericides to combat bacterial infections and other plant diseases.

Synthesis, anti-HIV and cytotoxicity evaluation of chiral 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives bearing the sulfonamide scaffold

Abstract In the present study, chiral 2-(4-substiuted phenyl)amino-5-[1-(4-substituted benzenesulphonamido)alkyl]-1,3,4-thiazdiazoles 5a–x were synthesized from enantiopure l-amino acids in a multistep sequence. The starting acids were reacted with arylsulphonyl chlorides to produce N-arylsulfonyl amino acids 1a–h, followed by esterification to obtain the corresponding esters 2a–h. Treatment of esters with hydrazine hydrate afforded the corresponding hydrazides 3a–h. The coupling of hydrazides with aryl isothiocyanates followed by cyclization gave the target thiadiazoles 5a–x in good yields. The new synthesized compounds were assayed against HIV-1 and HIV-2 in MT-4 cells using MTT assay. Compounds 5s, 5v and 5w showed IC50 values of > 1.58, >1.98 and > 2.04 μm with SI > 1, respectively, indicating that these compounds were cytotoxic at concentrations values of 1.58, 1.98 and 2.04 μm, respectively.

Synthesis of 2,8-Dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Derivatives and Their Neuroprotective Activities.

Twenty natural-product-like 2,8-dioxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane derivatives were synthesized and their neuroprotective activities were tested using human monoamine oxidases (MAO) A and B and acetyl and butyryl cholinesterases (ChE). Compound 1s showed inhibitory activity for MAO-A, MAO-B and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (IC50 values 34.0, 2.3 and 11.0 µM, respectively). The inhibition mode of (-)-1s for MAO-B was investigated. Chiral HPLC of (±)-1s separated the enantiomers and (-)-1s showed MAO-B inhibitory activity. Molecular docking simulation of (-)-1s and MAO-B revealed the binding mode.

Novel Multi-Target Agents Based on the Privileged Structure of 4-Hydroxy-2-quinolinone.

In this work, the privileged scaffold of 4-hydroxy-2quinolinone is investigated through the synthesis of carboxamides and hybrid derivatives, as well as through their bioactivity evaluation, focusing on the ability of the molecules to inhibit the soybean LOX, as an indication of their anti-inflammatory activity. Twenty-one quinolinone carboxamides, seven novel hybrid compounds consisting of the quinolinone moiety and selected cinnamic or benzoic acid derivatives, as well as three reverse amides are synthesized and classified as multi-target agents according to their LOX inhibitory and antioxidant activity. Among all the synthesized analogues, quinolinone-carboxamide compounds 3h and 3s, which are introduced for the first time in the literature, exhibited the best LOX inhibitory activity (IC50 = 10 μM). Furthermore, carboxamide 3g and quinolinone hybrid with acetylated ferulic acid 11e emerged as multi-target agents, revealing combined antioxidant and LOX inhibitory activity (3g: IC50 = 27.5 μM for LOX inhibition, 100% inhibition of lipid peroxidation, 67.7% ability to scavenge hydroxyl radicals and 72.4% in the ABTS radical cation decolorization assay; 11e: IC50 = 52 μM for LOX inhibition and 97% inhibition of lipid peroxidation). The in silico docking results revealed that the synthetic carboxamide analogues 3h and 3s and NDGA (the reference compound) bind at the same alternative binding site in a similar binding mode.

Synthesis and Antifungal Evaluation of New Azole Derivatives against Candida albicans.

In this study, we designed and prepared a series of new azole derivatives by recombination of fluconazole (FLC) and ketoconazole units, and in vitro antifungal activities against Candida albicans were evaluated. The results indicated that most azoles showed good antifungal activity against the drug-sensitive C. albicans strain, especially compounds 6a, 6e, 6n, 6p, 6r, 6s, 6t, and 6v, which displayed better antifungal activity (MIC50 < 1.0 μg/mL) than FLC against SC5314. The further mechanism study showed that compound 6r could significantly inhibit the formation of C. albicans biofilm, increase the permeability of the cell membrane, reduce the ergosterol level of the cell membrane, damage the membrane structure, and destroy the integrity of the cell structure to exert excellent antifungal activity. Subsequently, a molecular docking study indicated that azole compounds could inhibit cytochrome P450 14α-demethylase (CYP51). Therefore, these azole derivatives can be considered as potent antifungal drugs to treat fungal infections.

Novel 4-aminoquinoline analogstargeting the HIF-1α signaling pathway.

Background: The aminoquinoline core exhibits versatile pharmacological properties, particularly in the area of anticancer activity. This study was designed to investigate the potential of the 4-aminoquinoline scaffold in the development of anticancer agents by targeting the HIF-1α signaling pathway. Methodology: The authors synthesized multiple derivatives of 4-aminoquinoline containing heterocyclic rings by a microwave reactorand assessed the cytotoxicity and inhibitory effects of these derivatives on the HIF-1α signaling pathway. Conclusion: Compound 3s was identified as the most promising HIF-1α inhibitor due to its exceptional antiproliferative effects, with IC50 values of 0.6and 53.3nM observed in MiaPaCa-2 and MDA-MB-231 cells, respectively. Furthermore, compound 3s was found to inhibit HIF-1α expression by decreasing the level of HIF-1α mRNA.

Potencial of Ursolic Acid Derivatives as Anti Breast Cancer

Breast cancer is one of the biggest contributors to death in the world. Several treatment methods such as chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, radiation therapy, and surgery have shown side effects and resistance to breast cancer. Bioactive compounds are now an alternative in the development of drugs for breast cancer. Pearl grass is one of the plants reported to contain bioactive compounds that have inhibitory activity against breast cancer cells, namely ursolic acid. Most reports describe modifications of groups on its structure increasing the potential of ursolic acid as a breast cancer drug. This study aims to develop breast cancer drugs with raw materials of ursolic acid derivative compounds that are modified on the active side with groups that play an important role as anticancer using the Quantitative Structure and Activity Relationship (QSAR) method and molecular docking. The QSAR descriptors used are hydrophobic, steric, and electronic. The characters of each descriptor were computed using the SwissADME, Molinspiration, and NWChem programs with the DFT method, B3LYP function, and 6-31G* basis set. Molecular docking was performed using the AutoDock Tools 1.5.6 program and visualized using the Biovia Studio Visualizer program. The results showed that the regression coefficient (R2) of the QSAR model had a high correlation of 0.985 with the compound (1S,2R,4aS,6aR,6bR,10S,12aR,12bR,14bS)-10-amino-1,2,6a,6b,9,9, 12a-heptamethyl-14-oxoicosahydropicene-4a(2H)-carboxylic acid became the best compound validated by the results of molecular docking which has a binding energy of -7.92 kcal/mol and an inhibition constant of 1.42 nM so that it can inhibit MCF-7 cells in breast cancer.

In vitro evaluation of antileishmanial activity, mode of action and cellular response induced by vanillin synthetic derivatives against Leishmania species able to cause cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis

The treatment against leishmaniasis presents problems, mainly due to their toxicity of the drugs, high cost and/or by the emergence of parasite resistant strains. In this context, new therapeutics should be searched. In this study, two novel synthetic derivatives from vanillin: [4-(2-hydroxy-3-(4-octyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)propoxy)-3-methoxybenzaldehyde] or 3s and [4-(3-(4-decyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)-2-hydroxypropoxy)-3-methoxybenzaldehyde] or 3t, were evaluated regarding their antileishmanial activity against distinct parasite species able to cause cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. Results showed that compounds 3s and 3t were effective against Leishmania infantum, L. amazonensis and L. braziliensis promastigote and amastigote-like forms, showing selectivity index (SI) of 25.1, 18.2 and 22.9, respectively, when 3s was used against promastigotes, and of 45.2, 7.5 and 15.0, respectively, against amastigote-like stage. Using the compound 3t, SI values were 45.2, 53.0 and 80.0, respectively, against promastigotes, and of 35.9, 46.0 and 58.4, respectively, against amastigote-like forms. Amphotericin B (AmpB) showed SI values of 5.0, 7.5 and 15.0, respectively, against promastigotes, and of 3.8, 5.0 and 7.5, respectively, against amastigote-like stage. The treatment of infected macrophages and inhibition of the infection upon pre-incubation with the molecules showed that they were effective in reducing the infection degree and inhibiting the infection in pre-incubated parasites, respectively, as compared to data obtained using AmpB. The mechanism of action of 3s and 3t was evaluated in L. infantum, revealing that both 3s and 3t altered the parasite mitochondrial membrane potential leading to reactive oxygen species production, increase in lipid corps and changes in the cell cycle, causing the parasite’ death. A preliminary assay using the cell culture supernatant from treated and infected macrophages showed that 3s and 3t induced higher IL-12 and lower IL-10 values; suggesting the development of an in vitro Th1-type response in the treated cells. In this context, data indicated that 3s and 3t could be considered therapeutic agents to be tested in future studies against leishmaniasis.

Discovery and Optimization of Novel Biphenyl Derivatives Bearing Cyclopropyl Linkage as Potent Programmed Cell Death-1/Programmed Cell Death-Ligand 1 Inhibitors.

A series of novel compounds bearing a cyclopropyl linkage were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors. An optimized compound (1S,2S)-A25 showed potent inhibitory activity against the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction (IC50 = 0.029 μM) with a selected binding affinity with PD-L1 (KD = 1.554 × 10-1 μM). Additionally, under the co-culture with H460/Jurkat cells, (1S,2S)-A25 can reduce the survival of H460 cells in a concentration-dependent way. A liver microsomal assay revealed that (1S,2S)-A25 had favorable metabolic stability. Furthermore, (1S,2S)-A25 displayed favorable pharmacokinetic properties (oral bioavailability of 21.58%) and potent antitumor potency in a LLC1 lung carcinoma model without observable side effects. Data from the flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays demonstrated that (1S,2S)-A25 suppressed the tumor growth by activating the immune microenvironment. Our study suggests that (1S,2S)-A25 is a promising lead compound for the further development of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Synthesis, Computational Analysis, Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Trypan Blue Exclusion Assay, β-hematin Assay and Anti-inflammatory Studies of some Hydrazones (Part-I).

Hydrazone and its azomethine (-NHN=CH-) derivatives are widely reported for their immense pharmacological potential. They have also been reported to possess potent anti-tuberculosis, anti-malarial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities. Considering their pharmacological significance, we herein synthesized a set of 10 hydrazones (1S-10S) using green, biodegradable chitosan and HCl as catalyst. All synthesized compounds were characterized using modern spectroscopic techniques, including Nuclear magnetic resonance, 1H-/13C-NMR; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR); Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy; Mass spectrometry (m/z), etc. Synthesized compounds were in silico screened using molecular docking, dynamics, pharmacokinetics, theoretical properties, and common pharmacophore analysis. Moreover, we also subjected all compounds to DPPH radical scavenging assay, protein denaturation assay, Trypan Blue assay for cell viability assessments, β-hematin assay for hemozoin inhibition analysis and standard antimicrobial analysis. Our results suggested that the synthesized compound 2S had high potency against studied microbial strains (minimum MIC = 3.12 μg/mL). Our antioxidant analysis for 1S-10S revealed that our compounds had radical scavenging effects ranging from 25.1-80.3 %. Compounds 2S exhibited % cell viability of 68.92% (at 100 μg concentration of sample), while the same compound retained anti-inflammatory % inhibition at 62.16 %. Compound 2S was obtained as the best docked molecule, with a docking score of -5.32 Kcal/mol with target pdb id: 1d7u protein. Molecular dynamics simulation and normal mode analysis for 100 ns for 1d7u:2S retained good stability. Finally, in silico pharmacokinetics, theoretical properties and pharmacophoric features were assessed. In summary, synthesized hydrazone exhibited a good biological profile according to in silico and in vitro studies. However, further in vivo studies are required that may shed more insights on its potencies.

Phenothiazine-Based LSD1 Inhibitor Promotes T-Cell Killing Response of Gastric Cancer Cells.

Histone lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has been recognized as an important epigenetic target for cancer treatment. Although several LSD1 inhibitors have entered clinical trials, the discovery of novel potent LSD1 inhibitors remains a challenge. In this study, the antipsychotic drug chlorpromazine was characterized as an LSD1 inhibitor (IC50 = 5.135 μM), and a series of chlorpromazine derivatives were synthesized. Among them, compound 3s (IC50 = 0.247 μM) was the most potent one. More importantly, compound 3s inhibited LSD1 in the cellular level and downregulated the expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in BGC-823 and MFC cells to enhance T-cell killing response. An in vivo study confirmed that compound 3s can inhibit MFC cell proliferation without significant toxicity in immunocompetent mice. Taken together, our findings indicated that the novel LSD1 inhibitor 3s tethering a phenothiazine scaffold may serve as a lead compound for further development to activate T-cell immunity in gastric cancer.

Regulation of secondary metabolites in the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. KMU18029 by the chemical epigenetic modifier 5-azacitidine

The chemical epigenetic modifier 5-azacitidine (5-Aza C), a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor, was used to manipulate the endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. KMU18029. From its rice fermentation extract, a new polyketone compound (3S,4R)-3,4,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (1), along with 13 known compounds, 3,4,8-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (2), decaturin B (3), 15-hydroxydecaturin A (4), oxalicine A (5), pileotin A (6), pyrandecarurin A (7), decaturenol A (8), decaturenoid (9), penisarins A (10), oxaline (11), (4E,8E)-N-D-2'-hydroxyocta-decanoyl-1-O-β-D-glycopy-ranosyl-9-methyl-4,8-sphingadienine (12), ergosterol (13) and stigma-5-en-3-O-β-glucoside (14), were separated. Among the known compounds, 2, 7, 12 and 14 were not found in our previous research on this strain. The structure of the new compound was identified by spectroscopic techniques such as HR-ESIMS, 1D NMR, 2D NMR and CD. Furthermore, all the isolated compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activities, and only compounds 1, 2 and 11 showed weak activities against S. aureus, with MICs of 128 μg/mL.

Molecular Modeling Studies of β-Sitosterol Extract from Miconia burchellii Triana (Melastomataceae) from Brazilian Cerrado

The Brazilian Cerrado biome is considered one of the 25 hotspots worldwide that contain bioactive compounds due to its great biodiversity; however, the reduction of its native area over time due to the expansion of urbanization and agribusiness may have compromised knowledge of its biological variety. In this context, knowledge about Cerrado species can contribute to its biodiversity preservation. This study aims to describe the isolation, molecular architecture and theoretical calculations of the compound (3S,8S,9S,10R,13R,14S,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl -6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13 dimethyl 2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol, extracted from the Brazilian Cerrado Miconia burchellii plant. The supramolecular arrangement was described by Hirshfeld surface analysis, demonstrating the intermolecular interactions in the crystalline packing. The structure-property relationship shows the electrostatic potential map analysis, which reveals that the oxygen region is susceptible to electrophilic attack, and the frontier molecular orbital confirmed the kinetic stability of this compound. This study represents another step forward in the knowledge of compounds with pharmacological and medicinal properties extracted from the Cerrado.

Visible-Light-Induced [4+1] Cyclization-Aromatization of Acylsilanes and α,β-Unsaturated Ketones

Visible-Light-Induced [4+1] Cyclization-Aromatization of Acylsilanes and α,β-Unsaturated Ketones

Synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity studies of novel undecenoic acid-based triazolothiadiazole derivatives

In the present study, synthesis, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity studies of 3,6-disubstituted-[1,2,4]triazolo [3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole series compounds have been carried out. Compounds 6d , 6i , 6k , 6p , 6q , 6r , 6s and 6t exhibit promising activity with MIC value of 3.9 µg/mL against some of the tested bacterial strains. Compounds 6r and 6s consistently show promising minimum bactericidal concentration activity with MBC value of 7.8 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 96 strain. Cytotoxic evaluation study claims that most of the compounds exhibit significant cytotoxicity against all the studied cancer cell lines. Particularly, compounds 6c , 6k , 6l , 6n and 6t against HeLa cell line and compounds 6c and 6h against B16-F10 cell line exhibit promising activities with IC 50 values ranging from 6.34 to 9.99 μM. Further, most of the compounds are non-toxic against Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO-K1) normal cell.

Design, synthesis, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies of novel triazolothiadiazine derivatives containing furan or thiophene rings as anticancer agents

Breast cancer is the most common cancer type amoung post-menopausal women. Aromatase inhibitors were used in the treatment of patients. However, drug resistance may develop in long-term drug use, especially in 3rd and 4th stage (advanced) cancer cases. Therefore, there is a constant need for new agents. In this study, new triazolothiadiazine derivatives were synthesized and their anticancer activities were investigated. Compounds 2k, 2s, and 2w showed inhibitor activity against MCF-7 cell line with IC50 = 4.63 ± 0.10; 2.23 ± 0.16; 3.13 ± 0.08 µM value, respectively. As a result of in vitro aromatase enzyme inhibition test, compound 2s was the most active derivative with IC50 = 0.058 ± 0.023 µM. In addition, DNA synthesis inhibition percentages of the compounds were measured by the BrdU method. The intermolecular interactions of the promising compounds with aromatase enzyme were investigated through the SP docking approach, which revealed significant binding interaction energies associated with these compounds. Following that, the interaction's stability was assessed using a typical atomistic 100 ns dynamic simulation study. A number of parameters derived from MD simulation trajectories were computed and validated for the protein–ligand complex's stability under the dynamic conditions.

Chiral Sulfide/Phosphoric Acid Cocatalyzed Enantioselective Intermolecular Oxysulfenylation of Alkenes with Phenol and Alcohol O -Nucleophiles

Chiral Sulfide/Phosphoric Acid Cocatalyzed Enantioselective Intermolecular Oxysulfenylation of Alkenes with Phenol and Alcohol <i>O</i> -Nucleophiles