Cultural Components Research Articles

What Can Happen When We Look at Art?: An Exploratory Network Model and Latent Profile Analysis of Affective/Cognitive Aspects Underlying Shared, Supraordinate Responses to Museum Visual Art

Art-viewing is a defining component of society and culture, in part because the experience involves a wide-range and nuanced configuration of emotional and cognitive responses. Precisely because of this complexity, however, questions of the actual nature, scope, and variety of art experience remain largely unanswered: what kinds of patterns do we exhibit, how do various components go together, and can these be distilled into shared experiential outcomes? We introduce an exploratory study based on 345 individuals’ unique experiences with one of three sets of artworks. Experiences were assessed via 46 affective and cognitive items based on a recent model, with individuals reporting to what degree they felt each during their encounter. Network and latent profile analyses revealed five patterns, aligning to a Harmonious, Facile, Transformative, and two Negative outcomes. These largely supported model hypotheses, connected to specific appraisals, and could be found, although with varying probability, across individual viewers and artworks.

Multimodal Discourse Interpretation of the Paris Olympics Mascot

Background: This study aims to analyze the design intention of the mascot of the Paris Olympics from a multimodal perspective. As the host of the 2024 Olympic Games, Paris' mascot carries rich meanings. With globalization and technological advancement, information spreads multimodally, and multimodal discourse analysis is important to understand how the mascot interacts with different audiences, conveys meanings as well as bridges cultural differences, and spreads the Olympic spirit and cultural heritage of the host country. Methods: Taking Kress and Van Leeuwen's visual grammar as the theoretical basis, based on multimodal discourse analysis under the perspective of social semiotics, and combining with the analysis indexes in the multimodal image analysis software, the mascots of the Paris Olympic Games are visualized and interpreted to explore their image characteristics, design concepts and social significance. Results: the mascot is analyzed from three aspects: reproduction meaning, composition meaning and interaction meaning. In terms of reproduction, the mascot is related to the Olympic Games and French culture; in terms of composition, the emblem and other elements are the core information carrier, and the color and other elements play an important role; in terms of interaction, the mascot has a variety of interactions with the viewers and so on. Conclusion: Olympic mascots are important components of Olympic culture. The multimodal discourse analysis comprehensively and accurately interpreted the connotation of the mascot of the Paris Olympic Games, reflecting the information of the organizing country and integrating it with the Olympic movement, reflecting the spirit of sports. The study has deficiencies, and the mascots can be further explored in the real context.

Feasibility Study on the International Promotion of Wushu Bingdao under the Belt and Road Initiative: A Strategy Exploration Based on Multi-Method Analysis

Abstract Background: This study aims to explore the feasibility of the international promotion of Wushu Bingdao within the context of the Belt and Road Initiative. As a significant component of traditional Chinese culture, Wushu Bingdao holds potential for cross-cultural exchange. However, its promotion faces multiple challenges in the globalized context, such as cultural differences, a shortage of skilled practitioners, market competition, and the limitations of traditional promotion methods. Methods: Utilizing literature review, expert interviews, and qualitative analysis, this study systematically reviews literature related to the promotion of Wushu Bingdao, analyzing its cultural connotations and historical heritage, and identifying key obstacles to international promotion. Strategic recommendations are proposed to address these challenges. Results: The study reveals that enhancing the understanding of the cultural essence of wushu, developing a specialized team of international promotion professionals, standardizing the Wushu Bingdao system, and employing innovative international communication methods can significantly increase the visibility and influence of Wushu Bingdao globally, facilitating its exchange and development within global cultural diversity. Conclusion: Despite the numerous challenges facing the international promotion of Wushu Bingdao, leveraging the Belt and Road Initiative platform and combining innovative promotion strategies offer the potential for broader recognition and practice of Chinese Wushu Bingdao worldwide.

Health-preserving physical culture and wellness competences as an important condition for ensuring and spreading a high level of public health (methodological aspects)

WHO indicates that the purpose of actions aimed at strengthening public health protection is to ensure conditions under which people can remain healthy, able to strengthen health and well-being, and prevent deterioration of health. However, in the basic documents, there is no place for health-preserving physical culture and health-improving competencies of a person in the system of general efforts. The aim of the work is to reveal the need and place of health-preserving physical culture and wellness competencies of a person as a condition for ensuring and spreading a high level of public health in Ukraine. Material and methods. The study was organized at the Dnipro State Academy of Physical Culture and Sports, the Ukrainian State University of Science and Technology, the National Technical University “Dnipro Polytechnic” (all in Dnipro) and the Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University. The used methods of theoretical research were: study and generalization of data from domestic and foreign official and literary sources, as well as abstraction, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. Results. Conceptual principles and didactic technology of physical education of a non-professional physical education (NpPhE), with an emphasis on strengthening the general cultural component of the educational component “Physical education” in higher education, aimed at eliminating existing shortcomings. Provided with pedagogical technology, NpPhE contributes to the formation of the building blocks of one’s own health. And the system of effective pedagogical mechanisms of NpPhE is significantly different from the provision of information about health, which is the subject of modern valeology. In this context, the development of conceptual directions of creative valeology is relevant, as a means of supporting a person’s creativity in a safe effect on health. Namely, the formation in institutions of higher education of the builders of their own health. Conclusions. A system of pedagogical mechanisms is proposed, which is significantly different from just providing information about human health as a benefit/harm of influences and actions, which is what valeology is focused on. This is a prerequisite for the formation and development of creative concepts of modern valeology based on the improvement of cultural and practical components of the educational component “Physical education” in the conditions of a higher education institution for specialists who take care of building their own health from specialties related to civilians. In conditions where the majority of their graduates are engaged not in physical, but intellectual work, the further implementation of approaches related to professional-applied physical training for professional activities is something that it is time to abandon.

Bicultural bilinguals: Juggling languages, shifting ‘personalities’, destroying barriers

Purpose and research questions: Despite the amount of existing work about bilingualism and some interesting studies about biculturalism, research somehow lacks interest in considering these two aspects as one big reality, bicultural bilingualism. The aim of this article is to bridge the gap between the linguistic and the cultural components that build bicultural bilinguals and to show the importance of taking into account these two components together to have a complete understanding of the mechanisms that underlie bicultural bilinguals. Key concepts such as the Foreign Language Effect and Bicultural Identity Integration are explored to highlight how language and culture interplay in shaping identity and behaviour. Methodology: By examining the literature on language-dependent frame-switching and the integration of cultural identities, this article highlights the unique characteristics of bicultural bilinguals that differentiate them from both monocultural bilinguals and monolingual biculturalsFindings and conclusions: Bicultural bilinguals are not merely the aggregation of different languages and different cultures. They possess a unique identity that sets them apart from monocultural bilinguals and monolingual biculturals. Significance:This article is among the first to analyse bicultural bilingualism as a unified phenomenon, emphasizing the need to consider both linguistic and cultural dimensions. The findings of this analysis have broader implications for psychology, sociolinguistics, and cultural studies.

Community-based development and indigenous evaluation in Africa: insights from Ghana

ABSTRACT Community-based development (CBD) evaluation is often rooted in mainstream evaluation theories and methods to the detriment of Afrocentric evaluation philosophies and practices. Afrocentric values, grounded in cultural ideals and relational patterns, are the foundation of the search for new knowledge. The notion is that indigenous evaluation values and assumptions could aid in developing alternative concepts, approaches, and practices for assessing CBD initiatives. Employing a thematic analysis approach rooted in indigenously responsive evaluation (IRE), this paper identified tangible and intangible notions such as social networks, relational stakeholders, social accountability, mutual respect, community participation, community spirit, relational feedback, and consensus building as some of the key concepts embedded in social and development activities that have the potential for effective CBD and evaluation activities. This paper outlined cultural evaluation components that Ghana and Africa at large may effectively include in contemporary evaluation frameworks to ensure the sustainability of CBD and evaluation initiatives.

Food vulnerability index for the development of the Mazahua community in the state of Mexico

The native peoples of the State of Mexico, especially the Mazahua community, present a high degree of marginality and food vulnerability, causing their inhabitants to be classified within the poor and extremely poor population. The objective of the research is to propose a food vulnerability index for the Mazahua community of the State of Mexico through the induction-deduction method, contrasting the existing literature with a semi-structured exploratory interview to identify the main factors that affect the native peoples. The study population was selected taking into account the number of inhabitants and poverty levels. The sources of information, in addition to documentary sources, were key informants and visits to Mazahua families that facilitated information about the different variables: natural, economic, social, cultural component, degree of adaptability and resilience for the creation and better understanding of the food vulnerability index in the communities under study.

Model of Bilingual Mathematics Teaching at a Technical University

The article highlights issues related to the implementation of bilingual education in Ukrainian technical universities. The study of this problem contributes to the training of engineering specialists who are able to carry out professional activities in the conditions of a foreign-language multicultural environment. The model and levels of implementation of bilingual higher mathematics teaching/learning for students of engineering and technical specialties is considered. It is noted that the system of bilingual education should be integrated into the general model of the organization of training engineering personnel in a specific specialty. The formation of a certain level of students' foreign language communicative competence is considered as a criterion for the allocation of training stages. The following stages of bilingual mathematics teaching/learning in technical university are distinguished: preparatory, transitional, actual bilingual. Each stage of bilingual teaching/learning is analyzed in detail from the following points: 1) direction of content (socio-cultural, mathematical, scientific), main unit of content (bilingual didactic element, bilingual subject-thematic module, discipline in a foreign language); 2) organizational forms and methods of training (integrated lectures and practical classes; conversation; project activity; information technologies; traditional, developing learning methods; elective course, special course or optional classes; text information activity; solving language tasks; methods of active learning; soft immersion; problem-based learning, independent work with educational and scientific literature); 3) the ratio of native and foreign languages (duplicative model, additive model, parity model and displacing model). The designed model of bilingual mathematics teaching/learning ensures the formation of bilingual subject competence in mathematics and provides an interdisciplinary synthesis of subject, linguistic, general technical (engineering) and cultural components.

Inclusive culture of children's parents preschool educational organization as a psychological and pedagogical problem

Introduction. An important condition for the implementation of inclusion is to increase the inclusive culture of both teachers and parents of children with special needs, and parents of children with conditional developmental norms. The purpose of the study is to study the formation of an inclusive culture of parents and legal representatives of children attending a preschool organization (children with conditional development norms, with disabilities and attending inclusive groups) and to determine effective methods for increasing its level. Research methods. The questionnaire “Assessment of the formation of an inclusive culture in educational organizations” (au-thor N.A. Pershina), the “Diagnostics of Goodwill” method (Campbell scale), and the parental attitude test questionnaire (authors A.Ya. Varga and V.V. Stolin) were used. The study was conducted on the basis of 3 preschool organizations, in groups of combined, compen-satory and inclusive orientation. A total of 278 parents took part in the study. Research results. It was determined that parents of children with disabilities who attend inclusive groups have higher indicators for all components of inclusive culture (general indicator of the formation of an inclusive culture – U = 12760.5 at p = 0.000; goodwill – U = 13912.5 at p = 0.000; parental attitude accepting the child – U=15087.0 at p=0.000). The necessity of organizing interaction with parents of children with conditional developmental norms has been proven. Conclusion. The level of inclusive culture of parents of children with a conditional norm of development determines not only the psychological climate in the children's team and, accordingly, the success of inclusion, but also the spiritual and moral development of their own children.To solve the problem, it is proposed to create a parent club, use discussion methods, round tables, jointly watch and discuss films and social videos about the problems of people with disabilities, conduct quests and master classes on performing everyday actions, but in the living conditions of people with different nosologies.

Students’ safety culture at tertiary level academic institutes in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

This study aims to investigate the safety culture of tertiary-level students in Bangladesh and identify the factors that influence it. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1676 students from 16 universities and medical colleges in Bangladesh to gather data. The survey consisted of a paper-based structured questionnaire with three scales: a 17-item safety beliefs and values scale, a 10-item safety perception and awareness scale, and a 14-item safety attitudes scale. The results showed that tertiary-level students generally exhibit moderate levels of safety beliefs and values, safety perception and awareness, and safety attitudes. Female students had better safety perception and awareness [β = -0.083; 95%CI = -0.140, -0.025] and safety attitudes [β = -0.173; 95%CI = -0.230, -0.117], while male students had stronger safety beliefs and values [β = 0.047; 95%CI = 0.005, 0.089]. Students with physical disabilities and those who had experienced accidents had significantly higher levels of safety perception and awareness, as well as safety attitudes, compared to their peers. Additionally, students in private institutions had lower levels of safety perception and awareness [β = -0.130; 95%CI = -0.189, -0.070] as well as safety attitudes [β = -0.058; 95%CI = -0.116, -0.001], than public institution students. Age, gender, and type of institute were significantly associated with all three components of safety culture. Accident experience was also significantly linked to safety perception and awareness [β = 0.054; 95%CI = 0.002, 0.105], and safety attitudes [β = -0.093; 95%CI = -0.143, 0.043]. Based on these findings, it is recommended that tertiary educational institutions in Bangladesh develop intervention strategies that consider the age, gender, and physical disability of students to enhance their safety culture.

Translation of catch phrases in an audiovisual text

The article discusses the problem of interlinguistic and intercultural transfer of winged words (catch phrases) in an audiovisual text of the Soviet period. The source of the material is the Russian motion picture "Moscow Does Not Believe in Tears" and its translation into English (subtitling), the material is 34 winged words (catch phrases) which were selected with verification based on Internet sources. The purpose of the research is to study the methods/techniques of transferring catch phrases in audiovisual translation (subtitling) from Russian into English, as well as to analyze the results obtained from the point of view of preserving the characteristics inherent in catch phrases and preserving the national cultural component. The main methods are the method of continuous sampling, the method of comparative analysis, the method of contextual analysis, etc. The direction of the translation (Russian-English translation) and the approach chosen by the authors indicate the novelty of the research. Having analyzed the translation of catch phrases, the authors made observations regarding the methods/techniques used which contributed to conveying meaning and complying with the norms of audiovisual translation, as well as to the conclusions that a partial loss of cultural information may occur during translation and that in a situation where a film subsequently becomes a precedent text, postediting may be required, as the conditions of how the text/part of the text functions in the linguoculture of the original language change. The results may be of interest to specialists in the field of audiovisual translation, as well as to philologists, linguists, and to ordinary readers who are interested in translation studies and/or cinematography.

Protective Effect of Enterococcus faecium and Its Extracellular Vesicles Against Ethanol-Induced Intestinal Injury.

In this study, we examined the impact of Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium, Efm) and its extracellular vesicles (EVs) on intestinal morphological structure, antioxidant function, inflammatory response, and permeability in rats. In a 5-day feeding experiment, a total of 72 female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly allotted into nine groups with eight rats per group. The study was conducted in three parts. First, we examined the impact of Efm on ethanol-induced intestinal injury. Second, we investigated the protective effects of various active components of bacterial culture on intestinal function invivo. Third, we explored the impact of Efm with elevated EV secretion on intestinal function. The rats were treated by gavage administration (5 mL/kg body weight [BW]) every other day for a total of three times. After the last treatment at 2 h, the phosphate buffered saline (PBS)group received 5 mL/kg BW of PBS orally, whereas the other groups were orally administered 5 mL/kg BW of absolute ethanol to induce intestinal injury. After the feeding trial, eight rats per treatment were collected for intestinal samples. Our findings demonstrate that pretreatment with Efm can reverse morphological alterations in intestinal tissues, enhance superoxide dismutase/malondialdehyde levels, increase intestinal permeability, and reduce the inflammation levels, thereby regulating intestinal damage. Pretreatment with EfmEVs reversed the detrimental effects of ethanol-induced intestinal damage, displaying a discernible decline in inflammation, augmented permeability, and bolstered antioxidant capacity. Moreover, the release of EVs contributes to the intestinal safeguarding mechanism of Efm. EVs act as mediators in Efm's protective response against ethanol-induced intestinal injury by mitigating inflammation and enhancing antioxidant activity. The Clinical Trial Registration Number: FOSU210403.

Exploring beliefs, motivations and emotions: Insights from learning Maltese as a second language

Second language acquisition is a complex process that involves numerous challenges and is influenced by various factors, including linguistic competence and classroom settings. This study examines the concerns and emotions experienced by 43 adult international students learning Maltese as a second language. By employing a mixed-methods approach, the research collected both qualitative and quantitative data through questionnaires and interviews. The results reveal a spectrum of positive and negative emotions experienced by students during a Maltese language learning session that incorporated digital resources. The evidence presented in this research shows that students have both personal and practical goals concerning second language acquisition. The use of non-traditional technological interventions aligned with the learners’ beliefs and motivations, makes the learning process more effective, particularly by eliciting positive emotions. This study underscores the importance of addressing students’ concerns and emotions in second language acquisition and the benefits of integrating technology into language learning. Pedagogically, this study advocates for a nuanced approach to address learners’ emotional concerns, emphasizing the imperative for language instructors to be trained in emotion regulation strategies to help students manage their emotions during the learning process. Moreover, integrating cultural components into language pedagogy can serve as a compass, guiding students through social norms and intricacies, thereby fostering a sense of belonging within the local community. Furthermore, the study highlights the pedagogical merit of immediate feedback mechanisms and the implementation of diverse, inclusive teaching methods and resources tailored to accommodate various learning styles and paces. These pedagogical implications advocate for a holistic and adaptive language teaching paradigm, aiming to foster a more inclusive and emotionally supportive learning environment for international students.

Individual Resilience among Adult Children of Parents with Bipolar Disorder in Chinese Society: An Inductive and Deductive Content Analysis Approach.

Nurses can help children of parents with mental illness discover their resilience. However, previous studies have focused on their experience in Western settings and have limited understanding of a Chinese cultural context. This study aims to explore individual resilience emerging from adult children's experience of living with parents with bipolar disorder in Chinese society within the framework of character strengths and possible cultural components. A content analysis with both inductive and deductive approaches. Twenty adults participated in this study. Interviews were conducted while the participants' parents were hospitalized in an acute psychiatric hospital ward. The framework of character strengths confirmed five emergent themes of individual resilience in this study: courage, temperance, humanity, knowledge and wisdom, and transcendence. Character strengths are an adequate framework for understanding of individual resilience. Chinese adult children develop resilience by regulating their emotions, respecting their parents, engaging in self-discipline, and positively interpreting adversity.

Can the National Public Cultural Service System Demonstration Zone Promote the Sustainable Development of Urban Culture?

The public cultural service system is a crucial component of urban culture and a key driver of cultural vitality and sustainable cultural development. This study leverages the “quasi-natural experiment” created by the establishment of National Public Cultural Service System Demonstration Zones to evaluate their impact on the sustainable development of urban culture. Using panel data from 295 prefecture-level cities between 2008 and 2019 and employing the difference-in-differences method, the study assesses how these zones influence cultural vitality. The findings reveal that the creation of these demonstration zones significantly boosts cultural investment and support, enhances cultural vitality, and promotes sustainable urban cultural development. Over time, this positive impact strengthens, particularly through increased cultural input driven by residents’ consumption patterns and urban economic growth. Additionally, the policy effects vary across regions and cities, depending on the level of tertiary industry development.

Culture and Social Movements: The Example of South Africa in the Post-Apartheid Period

This paper explores the intricate relationship between culture and social movements in post-apartheid South Africa through a critical phenomenological approach. This method focuses on the lived experiences and societal impacts of these movements, revealing how cultural symbols, narratives, religious frameworks, sports, media, and identity have shaped and sustained the struggles for justice and equality. The analysis begins by defining social movements and culture, emphasizing their interplay within the South African context. Using a phenomenological approach developed by Husserl and expanded by Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty, and Sartre, this study undertakes steps such as phenomenological reduction, description, essence identification, and structural analysis. These steps are further enriched by combining critical theory with phenomenology, highlighting social, historical, and political dimensions. This approach allows for an in-depth understanding of how culture, encompassing cognitive, emotional, and moral components, influences the formation, strategies, and sustainability of social movements. Key findings illustrate that cultural elements have served as sources of resistance, empowerment, and solidarity, playing an essential role in shaping collective identities and actions. Ultimately, this research provides a comprehensive analysis of the dynamic interplay between culture and social movements in South Africa, underscoring the importance of cultural resources in driving social change.

Organizational culture of professional’s personality: Features of modern content and formation in the context of digital development of the educational environment

Introduction. The authors examine the problem of forming a personality’s organizational culture with an emphasis on the becoming of a professional’s personality in modern conditions of social development.Purpose setting. The article purpose is to identify the features of the professional personality organizational culture in the context of digital development of the educational environment.Methodology and methods of the study. The study of the concept «organizational culture of professional’s personality» is based on the analysis and scientific generalization of publications problematizing the issues of formation of professional qualities of a modern personality that influence the formation of organizational components of its culture. The concept of organizational culture is considered in its general content with an emphasis on the totality of all cultural values created by an organization, determined by the historical and cultural context of the development of society as a whole.Results. Through the generalization of these sources, the features of the content of the concept of «organizational culture of professional’s personality» are revealed. Based on the study of the issues of formation of the organizational culture of professional’s personality in the context of current development of the digital educational environment, it is emphasized that in the context of modern problems of the development of society, its globalization and digitalization, the issues of organizational formation of professional’s personality acquire their own specifics. It is emphasized that the organizational principles of formation of the culture in modern conditions are directly mediated by the development of various forms of network interaction in the educational system. The need for the formation of the motivational component of the organizational culture of a professional in the modern conditions of the development of the digital educational space is emphasized.Conclusion. The contradictions between the challenges of an intensively evolving digital environment in modern conditions of development of the professional education and the personal values of professionals are reflected in the formation of the individual organizational culture, while the organizational component of personality’s general culture is called one of the most important for formation in the professional educational system. As a result, it is emphasized that one of the most important features is the mutual influence of the components of a professional’s digital culture on the components of his organizational culture in the process of becoming a person’s readiness for professional activity.

A review of climate change impacts on migration patterns of marine vertebrates in Arctic and Subarctic ecosystems

Climate change is impacting marine ecosystems throughout the circumpolar Arctic, altering seasonal habitats and the food bases for fishes, seabirds, and marine mammals. Arctic and Subarctic regions provide resources for resident species and for species that migrate to the north from more southerly regions. Changes in northerly latitudes thus impact endemic as well as non-endemic animals. Herein, we review what is known about climate-driven changes in the migration patterns of Arctic and Subarctic marine vertebrates, including: 1) Arctic residents with seasonal movements – those fishes, seabirds, and marine mammals that complete their entire life cycle within the Arctic but exhibit seasonal movements; 2) Breeding migrants – many seabirds enter the Arctic to breed and subsequently migrate south in the fall; and 3) Summer visitors for feeding – certain species of boreal fishes, seabirds and marine mammals arrive during the northern summer to feed on abundant prey though they breed elsewhere. Migratory movements are often driven by the timing and extent of sea ice, which defines suitable habitat for some animals and limits access to open water and prey for others. Longer open-water seasons, warmer ocean temperatures, and stronger winds have resulted in earlier production blooms in spring and often, extended open-ocean plankton blooms into late summer, resulting in altered prey types and distributions. A common thread among taxa is that shifts in distribution and timing of migrating animals indicate they are traveling farther north, or shifting longitudinally, and migrations are occurring over longer seasonal time frames. Species performing multiple lifetime migrations or long-distance migrants may need to adjust migration timing or routing iteratively to match changes in marine productivity. Altered animal distributions or phenology, and reduced sea ice, affects access to animals that are critical nutritional, economical, and cultural components of Indigenous people’s lives in the Arctic. Ongoing changes challenge the resilience and adaptability of Arctic people and ecosystems, and will require adaptive research and management approaches.

Forgotten Violence: Social and Cultural Contexts of Sibling Abuse in Afghanistan (A Case Study of Students - District 6 of Kabul)

Background and Purpose: The probability of a person being subjected to violence in the family is much higher than outside the family. The purpose of this research is to examine family violence, especially sibling violence among families in Kabul province, Afghanistan. Methodology: This research was conducted using a simple accessible sampling method with several 370 boys and girls in the families of Kabul using a researcher-made questionnaire. Findings and Conclusions: Descriptive findings show that among the families of Kabul city, physical abuse by siblings is 26.4%, psychological abuse by siblings is 26.4%, and lastly, siblings are sexually abused by 10.2%. is placed the age of the victim of sibling abuse was more than 16 years old in boys and girls (54.5%) had the highest frequency. 28% had the most sibling abuse in children 4 and later, 54.5% of Tajiks and 41.5% of early education had high levels of sibling abuse in their families. On the other hand, 37.6% of unemployed families, 36% of low-income families, 50% of parents living alone, and 54.4% of families with vehicles had more frequency of sibling abuse. Analytical findings show that the cultural and social characteristics of families, such as the level of parental education, poverty, and unemployment, have an effect on the level of violence between siblings, and students who have a lower level of family background than They told others, violence has become more prevalent among them. The results show that social factors and cultural levels within families are effective in the level of violence among children; therefore, if a society can strengthen the normative and cultural components of families through education, it can improve the health of families.

The influence of spider news on online information-seeking.

Fear of spiders is a widespread condition often disproportionate to the actual danger spiders pose to humans. Likely rooted in evolutionary history, fear of spiders might also have a cultural component. Recent studies have shown that a significant fraction of spider-related media reports are misleading and sensationalistic. Information-seeking behaviours serve as common coping mechanisms for our fears and anxieties, yet the link between spider-related news stories and such behaviors remains unexplored.We hypothesize that media reports foster concern about spiders, resulting in an increased awareness of spiders and health issues associated with them. We extracted 1486 reports in English from a public database providing a content-analysis of spider-related online traditional media reports published between 2010-2020. We examined whether the volume of spider-related queries in Google Trends, Wikipedia, and iNaturalist increased in the week following the publication of each news story.Sensationalistic news stories were associated with a small, significant increase in search volumes, compared to non-sensationalistic ones. The search volume for "brown recluse" (Loxosceles reclusa), which are potentially dangerous spiders, was higher after the publication date of news related to human-spider encounters. There was a significant positive relationship between the number of spider-related news stories published in a given month and the traffic on target spider-related Wikipedia pages, especially so for the page on brown recluse spiders.Our results suggest that traditional media have a detectable impact on the behaviour of the general public towards spiders, supporting the hypothesis that the fear of spiders is perpetuated by culture. Additionally, our findings indicate that information-seeking behaviour is a common response to learn about spiders and potentially fact-check spurious claims found in sensationalised news. By recognizing the role of media in shaping attitudes towards spiders and acknowledging the benefits of accurate representation, we can lay the foundation for a more informed and harmonious relationship between humans and spiders.