Component Of Cosmetic Products Research Articles

Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices on Facial Skincare Routines and Cosmetic Products in Undergraduates of Universities and Higher Educational Institutes in Western Province, Sri Lanka

Maintaining the skin's structural and functional integrity is largely dependent on proper skincare. Numerous dermatological problems can be caused by insufficient skincare techniques and inadequate information. For this reason, following an appropriate skincare routine is essential to preserving the health of the skin. The purpose of this study was to evaluate undergraduates in universities and other higher education institutions in the Western province of Sri Lanka regarding their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding facial skincare practices. A structured questionnaire (N=255) was used in descriptive cross-sectional research of undergraduates in the Western province who were between the ages of 18 and 30. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee at CINEC Campus. There were 21.18% male participants and 78.82% female participants in the study, which included 145 undergraduates from state universities and 110 from non-state Higher Educational Institutes. The results showed that while buying face skincare products, students consider into thought several aspects, such as brand (66.27%), price (69.02%), ingredients (74.50%), expiration date (65.10%), skincare benefits (73.72%), smell (31.37%), and container (25.10%). Merely 9.42% of respondents preferred synthetic components in cosmetic products, compared to a sizable majority (90.58%) who preferred natural ones. When it came to applying sunscreen, 33.33% did it five minutes before exposure to sunlight, and 56.08% did it thirty minutes beforehand. While 34.11% of respondents knew that an optimal sunscreen in Sri Lanka should have a UV protection factor of between 30 and 50, 43.92% did not. The primary reasons given for using skincare products were to enhance appearance and texture (62.74%), prevent sunburns (54.90%), and improve skin health (76.08%). Notably, the most often used skincare items were moisturizer (48.23%) and face cleanser (82.53%). Furthermore, (67.06%) of undergraduate students chose skincare products for their faces according to their skin type; (27.45%) did it infrequently, and (5.10%) never gave it any thought. The study revealed that some undergraduates lack accurate awareness about skincare routines, indicating a need for additional knowledge in this area.

Impact of Cosmetics and Cleansers in Atopic Dermatitis—How to Advise Patients

Abstract Purpose of Review Atopic dermatitis (AD) or eczema is a frequent chronic inflammatory skin disease. Taking care of the eczematous skin is important to reduce the inflammation and return it to a healthier looking nourished skin. Beyond recommending topical anti-inflammatory drugs and the use of emollients, recommendations on the correct use of other everyday skin products, as cleansers or make-up products, are lacking. Recent Findings The dry, itchy, and inflamed eczematous skin causes anxiety, poor self-image, low self-esteem, decreased social skills, and an overall decrease in a patients’ quality of life. The use of make-up has been shown to ameliorate these impacts. Knowledge on the components of cosmetic products can help suit the products to an eczematous skin. Existing data identifies agents more likely to cause allergic contact dermatitis and shows how to identify cosmetics that follow the principles of “hurdle technology,” how rubbing during cleansing is a significant and previously unrecognized exacerbation factor, and how cleansers interact with eczematous skin. An adequate choice of all these products allows a patient to enjoy its benefits, while preserving a healthier skin. Summary Guiding healthcare professionals on the composition of the cosmetics used, avoiding products with high allergenic properties, identifying products that follow the principles of “hurdle technology,” and educating patients on the appropriate use of make-up and cleansing products have a positive impact on the care of atopic dermatitis and should be part of a holistic approach to a patient. Key messages - Adverse reactions to cosmetics can come from allergic sensitization or irritant stimuli (like the rubbing associated with washing the skin). - Optimizing the composition of the cosmetics used is essential. Ideally, the patients should distinguish the multiple components of a cosmetic, identifying potential risks. - Avoid products with high allergenic properties, like fragrances or preservatives. Select products which follow the principles of “hurdle technology”: sterile cosmetic technology, good manufacturing practices, appropriate packaging, emulsion form, water activity, and pH control. - Appropriate use of make-up is important for better care and quality of life of AD patients. Guidance on their use and appropriate cleansing products and techniques are essential to prevent exacerbations.

Machine learning assisted rational design of antimicrobial peptides based on human endogenous proteins and their applications for cosmetic preservative system optimization

Preservatives are essential components in cosmetic products, but their safety issues have attracted widespread attention. There is an urgent need for safe and effective alternatives. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are part of the innate immune system and have potent antimicrobial properties. Using machine learning-assisted rational design, we obtained a novel antibacterial peptide, IK-16-1, with significant antibacterial activity and maintaining safety based on β-defensins. IK-16-1 has broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans, and has no haemolytic activity. The use of IK-16-1 holds promise in the cosmetics industry, since it can serve as a preservative synergist to reduce the amount of other preservatives in cosmetics. This study verified the feasibility of combining computational design with artificial intelligence prediction to design AMPs, achieving rapid screening and reducing development costs.

Evaluation of morphological and biochemical parameters and antioxidant activity and profiling of volatile compounds in fifteen Dolichos bean (Lablab purpureus L.) genotypes of India

Morphological parameters study, phytochemical analysis including volatile compounds profiling, and antioxidant activity studies of fifteen phenotypically distinct genotypes of Lablab purpureus L. were carried out. It revealed wide variation in morphological parameters among the genotypes. Biochemically, genotype DCP 11 possessed the highest amounts of protein (32.33±0.50 g/100 g), phenol (3.77±0.12 g/100 g) and flavonoids (8.32±0.05 mg/100 g) as well as exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 value 27.36±0.61 µg/mL), and DCP 12 had the highest iron (15.24±0.10 mg/100 g) and zinc (5.54±0.04 mg/100 g) and lowest tannin (0.59±0.02 g/100 g) content. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis identified ten phenolic constituents of which trans-cinnamic acid and p-coumaric acid were present in thirteen genotypes. Out of fifty-eight volatile compounds detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis, three compounds exhibited interesting biological activities like pheromone activity, sleep-inducing activity, signaling activity, neuroactive and analgesic activity, and one used as component of cosmetic products.

Essential Oils and Their Individual Components in Cosmetic Products

The current consumer demands together with the international regulations have pushed the cosmetic industry to seek new active ingredients from natural renewable sources for manufacturing more eco-sustainability and safe products, with botanical extract being an almost unlimited source of these new actives. Essential oils (EOs) emerge as very common natural ingredients in cosmetics and toiletries as a result of both their odorous character for the design and manufacturing of fragrances and perfumes, and the many beneficial properties of their individual components (EOCs), e.g., anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, and, nowadays, the cosmetic industry includes EOs or different mixtures of their individual components (EOCs), either as active ingredients or as preservatives, in various product ranges (e.g., moisturizers, lotions and cleanser in skin care cosmetics; conditioners, masks or antidandruff products in hair care products; lipsticks, or fragrances in perfumery). However, the unique chemical profile of each individual essential oil is associated with different benefits, and hence it is difficult to generalize their potential applications in cosmetics and toiletries, which often require the effort of formulators in seeking suitable mixtures of EOs or EOCs for obtaining specific benefits in the final products. This work presents an updated review of the available literature related to the most recent advances in the application of EOs and EOCs in the manufacturing of cosmetic products. Furthermore, some specific aspects related to the safety of EOs and EOCs in cosmetics will be discussed. It is expected that the information contained in this comprehensive review can be exploited by formulators in the design and optimization of cosmetic formulations containing botanical extracts.

Essential Oils and Their Individual Components in Cosmetic Products

Essential Oils and Their Individual Components in Cosmetic Products

PEG Graft Polymer Carriers of Antioxidants: In Vitro Evaluation for Transdermal Delivery.

The in vitro biochemical evaluation of the applicability of polymers carrying active substances (micelles and conjugates) was carried out. Previously designed amphiphilic graft copolymers with retinol or 4-n-butylresorcinol functionalized polymethacrylate backbone and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) side chains that included Janus-type heterografted copolymers containing both PEG and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) side chains were applied as micellar carriers. The polymer self-assemblies were convenient to encapsulate arbutin (ARB) as the selected active substances. Moreover, the conjugates of PEG graft copolymers with ferulic acid (FA) or lipoic acid (LA) were also investigated. The permeability of released active substances through a membrane mimicking skin was evaluated by conducting transdermal tests in Franz diffusion cells. The biological response to new carriers with active substances was tested across cell lines, including normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF), human epidermal keratinocyte (HaCaT), as well as cancer melanoma (Me45) and metastatic human melanoma (451-Lu), for comparison. These polymer systems were safe and non-cytotoxic at the tested concentrations for healthy skin cell lines according to the MTT test. Cytometric evaluation of cell cycles as well as cell death defined by Annexin-V apoptosis assays and senescence tests showed no significant changes under action of the delivery systems, as compared to the control cells. In vitro tests confirmed the biochemical potential of these antioxidant carriers as beneficial components in cosmetic products, especially applied in the form of masks and eye pads.

Preliminary Evidence of a Molecular Detection Method to Analyze Bacterial DNA as a Quality Indicator in Cosmetics

Cosmetics are a category of widely consumed and distributed products, and their manufacture is always subject to specific guidelines. Quality Control (QC) tests provide information supporting the absence of injurious organisms and regarding the microbiological stability of cosmetics. The microbiological risk analysis is typically performed using the plate count method, which is a time-consuming and operator-dependent approach. Molecular technologies allow a deeper and more sensitive testing than traditional cultures. The demand for rapid and sensitive methods is recently increasing. The aim of our study was to compare different DNA extraction methods in order to detect and quantify bacterial load in cosmetics using a qPCR system. Known numbers of microorganisms were spiked into six different cosmetics to simulate contaminated samples. DNA was extracted with seven extraction kits and then quantified by real-time qPCR. Results revealed differences in terms of cell recovery, DNA yield, and quality. The bead-beating approaches were the most suitable in our molecular workflow and lead to good quality DNA for analysis by qPCR within four hours. Combined with mechanical extraction, qPCR may represent an efficient and easy method for microorganism identification in cosmetics, and can be automated. This approach also is also applicable for the detection of probiotics used as beneficial biological components in cosmetic products. The results of our molecular method provided preliminary evidences for the rapid identification of cells (10–100) and nucleic acids in complex preparations employed for human health, in compliance with regulatory limits. The suggested methodology is easy, fast, and sensitive. Its scalability allows serial microbiological evaluation at every manufacturing step.

“Spigo nardo”: from the Erbario Estense a possible solution for its taxonomical attribution

The spikenard is a plant mentioned since early antiquity, mostly known for its intense and pungent aroma that made it a precious ingredient of many cosmetic recipes for luxury perfumes. The nature of the spikenard has been controversial since the ancient era and, still today, there is the need for a correct attribution of such a name to a currently accepted botanical species. Thanks to a specimen from the Este Herbarium (Erbario Estense), preserved in the Modena State Archives (Italy), we tried to bring our contribution to the debate concerning this topic. We checked all the Italian ancient herbaria in search of samples of spikenard, analysed past literary and medical–pharmaceutical sources from classical antiquity to the XIX century, and searched former and present ethno-botanical uses. Our investigation allowed us to ascertain that the spikenard samples preserved in the Renaissance Italian herbaria belong to Nardostachys jatamansi (D. Don) DC., a herbaceous species belonging to the Valerianaceae, native to alpine regions of the north-western Himalaya, still used in Ayurveda medicine and as a component of cosmetic products.

Short peptides stimulate cell regeneration in skin during aging

The search for new safe and efficient low-molecular weight substances stimulating skin regeneration is an important objective of geriatric cosmetology. The present study addressed the effects of the peptides LK and AEDG at concentrations of 0.05–2.00 ng/mL on the proliferation of organotypic tissue cultures of skin from young and old animals. The application of peptides enhanced fibroblast proliferation in skin cell cultures from young and old animals by 29–45%. The effect on aging skin was observed in a narrower concentration range; in addition, it was less pronounced than the effect on skin cell cultures obtained from young animals. These data reveal the potential of LK and AEDG as components of cosmetic products that restore the structure of aging skin.

Differential pulse voltammetry in analysis of disinfectants — 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, triclosan, chloramine-T

Abstract The aim of this work was to study the possibility of simultaneous voltammetric determination of some disinfectants used as components in cosmetic products. The examined compounds were: triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol), chloramine-T (N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide sodium salt), 4-chloro-3-methylphenol and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole. Measurements were performed using glassy carbon electrode immersed in Britton-Robinson buffers which acted as supporting electrolytes. The dependence of oxidation and reduction potentials on pH was examined using cyclic voltammetry. Britton-Robinson buffer of pH 9.9 was chosen for further studies to ensure the best separation of compounds. The resultant oxidation potentials indicate the possibility to simultaneously determine some of the disinfectants.. Oxidation reactions of mixtures containing two compounds (4-chloro-3-methylphenol and chloramine-T, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole and triclosan) were recorded as differential pulse voltammograms.