Component Command Research Articles

Evolution of the MSBS Grot Assault Rifle from Version A0 to Version A2

On 15 December 2017, Fabryka Broni “Łucznik”-Radom Sp. z o.o. (FB Radom), a subsidiary of Polska Grupa Zbrojeniowa S.A., delivered the first batch of 1,000 MSBS Grot C 16 FB M1 calibre 5.56 mm standard (basic) assault rifles (version A0) to the Polish Territorial Defence Force and thus initiated the process of deployment of the assault rifle in the Polish Armed Forces. MSBS Grot was developed by Polish design and process engineers at FB Radom and the Military University of Technology (MUT, Warsaw, Poland) who by mediation of the proper Armament Acquisition and Development Department collected the improvement suggestions and operational feedback from 2.5 years of testing by operators from the armed forces. The suggestions and feedback were thoroughly analysed and discussed during periodic meetings attended by the representatives of the Territorial Defence Force (TDF) Command, the Special Forces Component Command, the 3rd Regional Military Representation (RMR), MUT, and FB Radom. Based on the conclusions from the testing period and the results of theoretical and instrumental testing of the solutions proposed for implementation, the MSBS Grot assault rifles show systematic improvements up to the current version, A2. This paper presents the design of the MSBS Grot Version A0 assault rifle and the construction and processing modifications for version A1 and version A2. During the optimisation effort backed by theoretical and instrumental testing, there was special focus on the assurance of high operating safety and reliability, plus the required ergonomics of the assault rifle under various operating conditions. The paper also presents the avenues for further potential improvements of MSBS Grot.

The Joint Force Maritime Component Command and the Marine Corps: Integrate to Win the Black Sea Fight

Marine integration with the Navy contributes to meeting vital U.S. naval operational requirements, especially when organized as a Joint Force Maritime Component Command (JFMCC) in the Black Sea against Russian threats. The global operating model addresses integration across escalating levels of competition and conflict called contact, blunt, and surge layers. In the contact layer, Marine integration allows the JFMCC to maintain regional access, assure allies, and counter expanding Russian influence. In the blunt layer, Marine integration supports the JFMCC’s operational objectives of denying Russian sea control and freedom of movement. Finally, in the surge layer, a Navy and Marine integrated JFMCC gains a greater ability to project power against a robust antiaccess and area-denial network and decisively defeat Russian aggression. This article contends that naval integration is also an important component of defense against Russian expansion in the Black Sea region.

Többnemzeti Különleges Műveleti Repülő Program létrehozása a helikopterszemélyzetek kiképzése érdekében

Léteznek olyan, a világ bármely pontján telepíthető és távoli területeken, mostoha körülmények között alkalmazható katonai csoportok, kisalegységek, amelyek úgy is képesek feladatot végrehajtani, hogy nincs rádiókapcsolatuk a parancsnoksággal. Ők a speciálisan felkészített és kiválasztott különleges műveleti katonák – a „zöldsapkások”. Szolgálatukat önként vállalják kemény, bizonytalan környezetben. Ők a katonai vezetők legfőbb eszközei a nem hagyományos hadviselésben. A különleges erők a múltban és a jelenben egyaránt létfontosságú műveleteket hajtottak, hajtanak végre. Tevékenységük támogatására azonban elengedhetetlenül szükség van a légierő speciálisan felkészített forgószárnyas egységeire. A tanulmány rövid áttekintést nyújt a különleges műveleti forgószárnyas képességről, illetve a szakirodalomról. Tárgyalja a magyar különleges műveleti légi képesség kialakításának körülményeit. Írása végén a szerző javaslatokat fogalmaz meg a nemzeti különleges műveleti légi képesség kialakítását biztosító kiképzéssel kapcsolatban.
 KULCSSZAVAK: különleges műveleti légicsoport (SOATU), különleges műveleti repülési program (MSAP), kiképzés, különleges műveleti erők regionális komponensparancsnoksága (R-SOCC), H145M helikopter, Zrínyi 2026 Honvédelmi és Haderőfejlesztési Program

EpiNATO-2: Enhancing Situational Awareness and Overall Force Health Protection While Deployed in the Combined Joint NATO Environment: Describing the Identified 2016 Q Fever Outbreak in Kosovo Force (KFOR).

EpiNATO-2 is the only interoperable health surveillance system that is defined in North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) doctrine. It was first implemented in the Kosovo Force and European Union Training Mission Mali in 2013. EpiNATO-2 is mandated for use during all NATO operations. Its coverage has steadily increased and now includes all NATO Joint and Component Command Operations and several non-NATO operations. The system monitors morbidity predominately for Role 1 sites by using weekly reports from the medics and other medical providers. The reports for all sites in theater are sent to the Combined Joint Medical (CJMED), which consolidates and submits them to NATO Deployment Health Surveillance Capability (DHSC), the satellite branch of NATO Centre of Excellence for Military Medicine (MILMED COE), for analysis and feedback. Although EpiNATO-2 will likely have a number of overlaps with most nations' disease and nonbattle injury trackers, a distinguishing characteristic is that it has specific categories for classifying more clinical activity. Sustaining the quality of data collection is paramount and achieved through contemporaneous analysis and feedback that are disseminated via CJMED to all providers. This enhances situational awareness about evolving trends in health issues across the deployed force and is intended to provide information for action and medical decision-making and force health protection assurance at the local and theater levels. The awareness imparted by this article can add to the Special Operations Forces (SOF) medics' tool kit to ensure success for the SOF medic and SOF community while deployed or collaborating with NATO and NATO partner nation militaries at any level in theater.

Small NATO Member and Partner Countries in Special Operations Component Command – Opportunities for Logistic Support

This paper fills a gap in the line of articles on this subject. No publication can be found that analyses the logistic possibilities of small states concerning Special Operations Component Command. The topic is timely, its problem solving is innovative.The analysis is unique and outstanding. Its added value, therefore, is significant. This article might be a fundamental reading of military sciences concerning SOF peculiar logistic support and Special Operations Component Command’s logistics.The first chapters of the article summarise the core activities of the Special Operations Forces, and the essence of the Special Operations Component Command. The rest of the article presents a short overview of the requirements of the Special Operations Component Command, concerning logistic support. The author analyses the Special Operations Forces peculiar logistic support, and the fundamentals of the Special Operations Component Command logistic support. Finally, the article presents a logistic support concept for small nations, concerning the Special Operations Component Command.

Policy Implications of the establishment of Ground Component Command and the Dynamic Joint Defense Force of the Self-Defense Forces

Policy Implications of the establishment of Ground Component Command and the Dynamic Joint Defense Force of the Self-Defense Forces

Situation Awareness and Collaborative Tool Usage in Ad Hoc Command and Control Teams

This research details findings from Urban Resolve, a large-scale Joint Forces research effort to investigate the impacts of technological solutions on situation awareness (SA) and decision making in ad hoc teams in a military command and control environment. The investigation was conducted using personnel acting as the Joint Force Land Component Command (JFLCC) and supporting Brigade-level staff stationed at Ft. Leavenworth in support of the higher headquarters at the Joint Task Force (JTF) in an urban combat and stability scenario. In the study, participants rated face-to-face communication highest for both routine and critical communications. The tool rated most effective for the development of situation awareness changed across study sessions, with chat in chatroom rated highest in the first and last session, and shared map/shared products folder rated highest in the second session. Results are discussed in the context of developing tools to support shared SA and temporal team performance in ad hoc teams.

신경회로망을 이용한 IPMSM의 효율 최적화 제어

IPMSM 드라이브는 하중 비에 대한 출력이 우수하여 전기자동차 등 응용분야에서 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이러한 응용분야에서 최대 효율을 얻기 위하여 본 논문은 신경회로망 제어기법을 제시한다. 동손과 철손으로 구성된 제어가능한 전기적 손실은 신경회로망의 오류 역전파 알고리즘(EBPA)를 이용하여 최소화시킬 수 있다. 손실의 최소화는 IPMSM 드라이브의 효율 최적화 제어를 가능하게 한다. 본 논문에서는 신경회로망의 EBPA플 이용하여 전동기 구동에 대하여 d축 인덕턴스, 전기자 저항, 역기전력 상수 변화와 같은 파라미터 변동을 실시간으로 계산하여 고성능 및 강인성 제어를 제시한다. 제시한 알고리즘은 IPMSM 드라이브 시스템에 적용하고 효율최적화 제어에 의해 제어된 동작특성을 분석하여 논문의 타당성을 입증한다.

Attitude manoeuvre and vibration control of flexible spacecraft using computed feed-forward input commands and proportional-derivative feedback

The current paper presents an investigation into development of feed-forward and feedback control strategies for active vibration and attitude control of a flexible spacecraft. In this approach, the feed-forward loop consists of a computed-torque scheme and a command shaping technique based on component synthesis vibration suppression (CSVS) method for shaping the input signal. For relaxing the requirement of dynamic linearity in traditional CSVS, a new approach is developed for designing the input component command by utilizing a structure, in which the modal forces of flexible modes vibration are shaped according to a predefined trajectory, to achieve the vibration suppression for the non-linear attitude dynamics. In addition, to follow the predefined trajectory identically or at least as closely as possible, a model-independent feedback control loop is employed, which can accomplish further reduction of the residual vibration of flexible appendages. This proposed control strategy is practical as it does not require direct measurement of mode vibration, and also has a simple structure with low online computational load. Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the control strategy.

Spacecraft vibration reduction using pulse modulated command input and smart materials

PurposeTo provide an approach to active vibration reduction of flexible spacecraft actuated by on‐off thrusters during attitude control for spacecraft designers, which can help them analysis and design the attitude control system.Design/methodology/approachThe new approach includes attitude controller acting on the rigid hub, designed by using pulse‐width pulse‐frequency modulation integrated with component command technique, and the piezoelectric material elements as sensors/actuators bonded on the surface of the beam appendages for active vibration suppression of flexible appendages, designed by optimal positive position feedback (OPPF) control technique. The OPPF compensator is devised by setting up a cost function to be minimized by feedback gains, which are subject to the stability criterion at the same time, and an extension to the conventional positive position feedback control design approach is investigated.FindingsNumerical simulations for the flexible spacecraft show that the precise attitude control and vibration suppression can be accomplished using the derived vibration attenuator and attitude control controller.Research limitations/implicationsStudies on how to control the on‐off actuated system under impulse disturbances are left for future work.Practical implicationsAn effective method is proposed for the spacecraft engineers planning to design attitude control system for actively suppressing the vibration and at the same time quickly and precisely responding to the attitude control command.Originality/valueThe advantage in this scheme is that the controllers are designed separately, allowing the two objectives to be satisfied independently of one another. It fulfils a useful source of theoretical analysis for the attitude control system design and offers practical help for the spacecraft designers.

FEED-FORWARD/FEEDBACK CONTROL FOR ACTIVE VIBRATION SUPPRESSION OF FLEXIBLE SPACECRAFT DURING ATTITUDE MANEUVER

This paper presents an investigation into development of feed-forward and feedback control strategies for active vibration suppression and attitude control of flexible spacecrafts. The feed-forward loop consists of a computed-torque scheme and a command shaping technique based on component synthesis vibration suppression (CSVS) method which was developed based on linear systems theory. For relaxing the requirements of dynamic linearity in traditional input component command in CSVS method, a new approach is developed for designing the input component command by utilizing a structure in which the modal forces of flexible modes vibration are shaped according to a predefined trajectory, which improves the performance of CSVS method in vibration suppression for the nonlinear attitude dynamics. This proposed control strategy is practical as it does not require direct measurement of flexible appendage vibration, and also has a simple structure with low on-line computational load. Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the control strategy.

4.2.2 The Perception‐Reaction Simulation Model for Enterprise Control Systems

AbstractThroughout the history of warfare, battle decisions have been made based on the perceptions of both friendly and enemy forces. Perceptions in early history were based on visual sightings and relayed back to the commander through a slow communication system of runners. Technology has changed the methods of information collection and transmission, but the concept of battle has not changed the fact that commanders make decisions based on their perception of the battlefield. What technology has done is to place so much information in front of the commander at an ever increasing pace that misunderstanding or completely missing vital information could drastically affect the outcome of the battle. The purpose of the Joint Force Air Component Commander (JFACC) Project is to revolutionize military command and control, specifically in Joint Aerospace Operations. The Joint Air Operations Enterprise will consist of three major components: a control system, a feedback system, and a plant. This paper discusses the use of a perception‐reaction simulation model to perform the physical actions of the plant. The definition and relationship of the three components are described in terms of their contribution to the Joint Air Operation Enterprise. A description of the perception‐reaction model and its relationship to the physical actions of the battlespace are given. Examples of current perception‐reaction methodology are provided. Finally, the perception‐reaction model is integrated into the Joint Air Operations Enterprise, and it is shown how the perception‐reaction model can fully support the enterprise.

Distributed Planning Teams

To understand the way distributed teams plan, we considered a number of different configurations. Our research drew on observations and interviews in a variety of settings: The primary source was from Joint Force Air Component Commander exercises. We also drew on observations and interviews for projects with Patriot Missile batteries, air campaign planners, U.S. Marine Corps regimental command posts, and aeromedical evacuation planning teams. These 5 data sources covered 10 different observations and approximately 150 interviews. We concluded that a model of distributed planning should explain how different forcing functions determine the planning processes that are distributed and the type of plan that is produced. We also identified a range of different plan types and forcing functions and a number of hypotheses about how these are linked.